Semi Solid Preparaton

8/10/2019 Semi Solid Preparaton

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Semi solid preparation


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Learning out comes

At the end of the session you should be able to

describe

1. define semi solid preparation

2. types of semisolid preparation

3. storage, labeling, method of preparation


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Topical semi-solid dosage forms-

creams

gelsointment

paste


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They contain one or more active ingredients

dissolved or uniformly dispersed in a base.


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Containers-

wide mouthed porcelain jar or glass or plastics with plasticscrew cap with impervious water proof liners.

Tubes made of metal or plastic could be used. But for methyl

salicylate or acid (such as salicylic acid ) plastic should notused.

The material-

should not affect on quality

allow diffusion of any kind into or across the material of the

container into the preparation. should be fitted with aclosure to reduce microbial contamination.


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Label

for external use only with other information


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Creams

Creams are homogeneous, semi-solid

preparation.

water-in-oil (w/o)

oil-in-water (o/w),

apply to the skin or certain mucous membranes

for protective, therapeutic, or prophylactic

purposes.


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Hydrophobic creams(w/o)

usually anhydrous and absorb only small amounts

of water. They contain w/o emulsifying agents

(wool fat, sorbitan esters, and monoglycerides.

Hydrophilic creams(o/w)

miscible with water. They also contain o/w

emulsifying agents (fatty alcohols, polysorbatesw/o emulsifying agents. miscible with skin

secretions.


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Method of preparation

depend on the nature of substance.

1. simple mixingTrituration method using

ointment slab.

2. fusion method- for hard using boil and cooled

water


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Zinc cream

Zinc oxide 32% w/w (anti fungal)

Oleic acid 0.5% v/W

Arachis oil 32% w/wWool fat 8% w/w

Water to 100 ml

mft cremore mitte 30 g


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Preparation

Arachis oil and wool fat mixed in using motar.

then add oleic acid and zinc oxide mixed well.

arachis oil , water and wool fat form emulsion.


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Gels

homogeneous, clear, semi-solid preparations

consisting of a liquid phase within a three-

dimensional polymeric matrix with suitable

gelling agents.

applied to the skin or certain mucous

membranes for protective, therapeutic, or

prophylactic purposes.


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Ointments

homogeneous, semi-solid preparations to theskin or mucous membranes.

Ointments are formulated using hydrophobic,

hydrophilic, or water-emulsifying bases toprovide preparations that are immiscible,miscible, or emulsifiable with skin secretions.They can also be derived from hydrocarbon(fatty), absorption, water-removable, orwater-soluble bases.


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1Ophthalmic ointments are described in the separate monograph for ophthalmicpreparations.

Hydrophobic ointments

Hydrophobic (lipophilic) ointments are usually anhydrous and can absorb onlysmall amounts of water. Typical bases used for their formulation are water-insoluble hydrocarbons such as hard, soft, and liquid paraffin, vegetable oil, animal

fats, waxes, synthetic glycerides, and polyalkylsiloxanes. Water-emulsifying ointments

Water-emulsifying ointments can absorb large amounts of water. They typicallyconsist of a hydrophobic fatty base in which a w/o agent, such as wool fat, woolalcohols, sorbitan esters, monoglycerides, or fatty alcohols can be incorporated torender them hydrophilic. They may also be w/o emulsions that allow additionalquantities of aqueous solutions to be incorporated. Such ointments are used

especially when formulating aqueous liquids or solutions. Hydrophilic ointments

Hydrophilic ointment bases are miscible with water. The bases are usually mixturesof liquid and solid polyethylene glycols (macrogols).


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Apply with or with out friction.

White soft , yellow soft paraffin usually use as

a base.


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Semi Solid Preparaton

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