SEMESTER I PAPER I: ANIMAL DIVERSITY I - iisjaipur.org. Hons.Programmes/zoology.pdf · SEMESTER I...

International College for Girls ( Autonomous)

Department of Zoology

SEMESTER I

PAPER I: ANIMAL DIVERSITY I Paper Code: ZOL 111

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I

Principles of classification-Salient features and classification

upto orders in non-chordates.

Structural organization in different classes of non-chordates.

15

UNIT

II

Protozoa-Type study (Paramecium) and study of :

• Locomotion

• Osmoregulation

• Nutrition

• Reproduction

10

UNIT

III Origin of metazoa-Metamerism and symmetry.

5

UNIT

IV

Porifera and coelenterate

Type study (Leucosolenia and obelia)

• Canal system

• Corals and coral reefs

• Polymorphism in hydrozoa.

10

UNIT

V Ctenophora-affinities-Type study (Pleurobrachia).

5

Total Teaching Hours 45



PAPER II: ANIMAL DIVERSITY I

Paper Code: ZOL 112

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I

Platyhelminthes and Nemathelminthes

Type Study:Taenia solium, Ascaris

• Reproduction

• Parasitic Adaptations

9

UNIT

II Economic Importance of:

• Protozoa

• Corals and coral reefs

• Helminths

9

UNIT

III Annelida

Type Study : Earthworm and Leech

• Coeloem

• Excretory Sytem

9

UNIT

IV Mollusca

Type Study: Pila ,Unio and Sepia

Torsion And distorsion in Gastropods

Economic Importance of Mollusca

10

UNIT

V Onychophora

Affinities and Type Study Peripatus

8




PAPER III : Cell Biology Paper Code: ZOL 113

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I

Diversity of cell size and shape.

Cell theory.

Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Cellular organelles-separation and characterization.

7

UNIT

II Cellular energy transactions-

Role of mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Cell junctions. Cell adhesion, and the extracellular

matrix.

Membrane transport of small molecules and the

ionic basis of membrane excitability

10

UNIT

III Intracellular compartments and protein sorting.

• Vesicular traffic in the secretory and endocytic

pathways (GERL System)

• Cell signaling with reference to c-AMP and IP 3

DAG system

10

UNIT

IV

Cytoskeleton

Cell-division cycle.

• The mechanics of cell division.

6

UNIT

V

Tissues

• Epithelial tissues: Structure functions and types -

(a) simple epithelia-squamous. cuboidal.

columnar, ciliated, pseudostratified (b)

compound-stratified and transitional

• Connective Tissues: Structure, function and

types-

12



(a) Connective tissue-proper-areolar.

adipose, white,fibrous, yellow elastic,

reticular.mucous

(b) Skeletal- cartilage (hyaline, fibrous

and calcified cartilage) and bones

(dried, decalcified and mammalian)

(c) Vascular tissue: Structure, function

and types- Blood (plasma and

corpuscles) and lymph

• Nervous tissue: Structure, function and

types -Myelinated and nonmyelinated

• Muscular: Structure, function and types

Visceral/smooth. Skeletal/ striated and

cardiac




Paper IV: Biochemistry I Paper Code: ZOL 114

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I

Biochemistry

• Meaning, history, scope and significance

Basic Chemical Concepts:

• Bonds and functional groups

7

UNIT

II Amino acids and peptides

• Properties and structure.

8

UNIT

III Carbohydrates

• Classification, structures and clinical significance

• Oxidation of glucose through glycolysis.

Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation;

• Elementary knowledge of interconversion of

glycogen and glucose in liver:

• Role of insulin.

12

UNIT

IV

Lipids

• Classification, structures and clinical

significance.

• Beta-oxidative pathways of fatty acids:

• Brief account of biosynthesis of triglycerides.

• Cholesterol and its metabolism

10

UNIT

V

Vitamins

• Discovery, structures and functions.

8




Suggested readings:

� Conn et al : Outlines of Biochemistry (Wiley).

� Conn. Stumph RK. Bruening and Doc : Outlines of Biochemistry

(Wiley).

� Davenport : An outline of animal development (Addison-Werley).

� De Robertis and DeRobertis : Cell and Molecular Biology (Saunders

College)

� Edward Gasque : Manual of Laboratory L. Ed. In Cell Biology (W.C.

Brown

Publishers)

� Hyman. L.H : The Invertebrates. Vol.1 (McGraw Hill).

� Hyman. L.H : Th6 Invertebrates. Vol.11 (McGraw Hill).

� Lodish et al : Molecular Cell Biology (Scientific American Books.)

� Stryer. L : Biochemistry (Freeman).

� Invertebrate Zoology; Barns, R. D; W. B. Saunders Co.

� Textbook of Zoology; Shivpuri, Jacob, D. and Vyas. D.K.; Ramesh Book

Depot.

� Text book of Invertebrate Zoology I; Sandhu, G.S; Campus Books.

� Text book of Invertebrate Zoology II; Sandhu, G.S ; Campus Books.

Modern Textbook of Zoology Invertebrates; Kotpal; Rastogi

Publications.

� Cell Biology and Genetics; Kohli, K.S;Ramesh Book Depot

Genetics; Winchester, A.M; Oxford and IBH Publishing Co.

� Cell and Molecular Biology; De Robertis and De Robertis; Saunders

College.

� Cell Biology; Powar, C.B; Himalayan publishing House.



PAPER-V : PRACTICALS Paper Code: ZOL 115

Animal Diversity- I

Museum Specimens and Slides:

• Protozoa: euglena; Trypanosoma; Giardia; Entamoeba; Elphodium; Foraminifeferan

shell; Monocystis; Plasmodium; Paramecium; Paramecium showing binary fission and

conjugation; Opalina; Nyctotherus; Balantidium; Vorticella.

• Porifera: Leucosolenia; Euplectella; Spongilla.L.S. and T.S. of Sycon; Spongin fibres;

Gemmules.

• Coelenterata: Millipora; Physalia; Vallela; Aurelia; Alcyonium; Gorgonia; Pennatula;

Sea Anemone; Stone coral; Obelia-Polyp& Medusa.

• Ctenophora: Any one.

Animal Diversity- II Museum Specimens and Slides:

• Platyhelminthes: Taenia; Planaria; Fasciola.,T.S. of Taenia through mature proglottid;

Cysticerous.

• Aschelminthes: Ascaris

• Annelida: Nereis; Heteronereis; Aphrodite: Chaetopterous; Arenicola; Glossiphona;

Pontobdella; Polygordius.,T.S. body of Nereis.

• Onychophora: Peripatus

• Mollusca: Chiton; Aplysia; Cyprnea; Mytillus; Pearl oyster; Dentalium; Loligo;

Octopus; Nautilus.,V.S. shell; T.S. Gill of Pila; Glochidium.

Anatomy:

• Earthworm: External features; General viscera; Alimentary canal; Nervous system;

Reproductive system.

• Pila: External features; Pillial organs; Nervous system.

Permanent Preparations:

Gill lamella, Radula and T.S. ospharidium of Pila.

Microscopic Techniques:

• Organization and working of optical microscopes: Dissecting and compound

microscopes.

• General methods of microscopically permanent preparations: Narcotization; Fixing and

Preservation; Washing; Staining and Destaining, Dehydrations, Cearing and

Decolourization; Mounting, General idea of composition, preparation and use of-

1. Fixatives: Formalin and Bouin's fluid

2. Stains: Borax carmine; Acetocarmine; Acetoorcein; Haematoxylin and Eosin.



Collection and Culture methods:

• Collection of animals from their natural habitat during field trip e.g. Amoeba,

Paramecium; Euglena; Planaria; Earthworm; Daphnia; Cyclops etc.

• Culture of Paramecium in the laboratory and study of its structure, life processes and

behaviour, collection and study of invertebrate parasites: Rectal ciliates of frog.

Cell Biology

Exercises of Cell Biology :

• Squash preparation of the study of Mitosis in Onion root tip.

• Squash preparation of the study of Meiosis in Grasshopper/ Cockroach testis.

• Study of giant chromosomes in salivary gland of Chironomous/ Drosophila larva.

Biochemistry

Exercises of Biochemistry

• Detection of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids in animal tissues.

• Identification of mono, di and polysaccharides in the given samples.

• Demonstration of principle of paper chromatography.



SEMESTER II

PAPER –I : BIOCHEMISTRY II

Paper Code: ZOL 211

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I Proteins

• Classification, structural properties.

• Essential and non-essential amino acids

• Transformation of amino acids:Deamination.

transamination. decarboxylation.

• Synthesis of enzymatic protein and urea, fate of

ammonia (ornithine cycle)

• Fate of carbon skeleton.

12

UNIT II Nucleic acid and nucleotides

• Structural properties and functions.

8

UNIT

III Nucleic Acid

• Catabolism and Biosynthesis

8

UNIT

IV

Nature of enzyme classification.

• Co-enzymes.nd Co-factors.

• Inhibition (competitive, uncompetitive and

noncompetitive).

• Isoenzymes.

• Factors contributing to catalytic efficiency.

10

UNIT V Mineral Metabolism:

• Iodine.

• Iron.

• Calcium.

• Zinc

7




PAPER II- ANIMAL DIVERSITY III

Paper Code: ZOL 212

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I Arthropoda

• Crustacean larval worms

• Vision in Arthropods

• Metamorphoses in insects

• Social life,

• Mouth parts

• Economic importance of insects

12

UNIT

II Comparative study of following in prawn, cockroach,

scorpion. Trilobites.

• Bloodvascular system

• Reproductive system

• Respiratory system

• Excretion system

15

UNIT

III Principles and Practices of:

• Sericulture

• Lac culture

• Apiculture

5

UNIT

IV

Economic Importance of Arthropoda :

• Crustacea and larvae.

• Insect as parts ot human society and thier

management

8

UNIT

V

Economic Importance of Mollusca including an outline

idea of Pearl culture.

5




PAPER III– MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Paper Code: ZOL 213

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I Genes and chromosomes

• Nature of generic material • Central dogma

Organization of DNA • Viral, • Bacterial and • Eukaryotic

Palindromes, Split genes.

10

UNIT

II

DNA replication • General principles, enzymes and inhibitors.

DNA repair.

8

UNIT

III

Transcription - basic details. Protein biosynthesis - basic details.

10

UNIT

IV

Co-and post-translation modifications, inhibitors. Regulation of gene expression - general principles.

9

UNIT

V

Gene transfer- • General concepts, • Genetic disorders, • Gene therapy.

8




PAPER IV : GENETICS & BIOSTATISTICS

Paper Code: ZOL 214

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I Mendelian inheritance pattern

Laws of heredity.

Co-and incomplete dominance.

Linkage and linkage maps. ,

7

UNIT

II Varieties of gene expressions –

• Multiple alleles

• Lethal genes

• Pleiotropic genes

Gene interactions

Transposons.

Sex-chromosome systems an sex-linkage.

Non-chromosomal inheritance.

12

UNIT

III Mutations and chromosomal alterations

Meiotic consequences.

Human genetics –

• Chromosomal and single gene disorders;

• Genetic counseling

• Somatic cell genetics.

Gene mapping and genome analysis.

10

UNIT

IV

Introduction, scope and application of Biostatistics

Understanding the concepts of descriptive and inferential

statistics.

Frequency distribution

Graphical presentation of data

8

UNIT

V

Mean. mode, median and their significance Standard deviation and standard error and their significance

8




Suggested readings:

� Farnsworth : Genetics (Harper and Row).

� Conn et al : Outlines of Biochemistry (Wiley).

� Conn. Stumph RK. Bruening and Doc : Outlines of Biochemistry

(Wiley).

� Davenport : An outline of animal development (Addison-Werley).

� De Robertis and DeRobertis : Cell and Molecular Biology (Saunders

College)

� Edward Gasque : Manual of Laboratory L. Ed. In Cell Biology (W.C.

Brown

Publishers)

� Hyman. L.H : The Invertebrates. Vol.1 (McGraw Hill).

� Hyman. L.H : Th6 Invertebrates. Vol.11 (McGraw Hill).

� Lodish et al : Molecular Cell Biology (Scientific American Books.)


� Invertebrate Zoology; Barns, R. D; W. B. Saunders Co.

� Textbook of Zoology; Shivpuri, Jacob, D. and Vyas. D.K.; Ramesh Book

Depot.

� Text book of Invertebrate Zoology I; Sandhu, G.S; Campus Books.

� Text book of Invertebrate Zoology II; Sandhu, G.S ; Campus Books.

Modern Textbook of Zoology Invertebrates; Kotpal; Rastogi

Publications.

� Cell Biology and Genetics; Kohli, K.S;Ramesh Book Depot

Genetics; Winchester, A.M; Oxford and IBH Publishing Co.

� Cell and Molecular Biology; De Robertis and De Robertis; Saunders

College.


� Watson. J.D. et al ^Molecular Biology of the gene

(Benzamin/Cummings).

� Wilson. EB : Cell in Development and inheritance (Macmillan)



PAPER-V : PRACTICALS

Paper Code: ZOL 215

Animal Diversity- III

Museum Specimens and Slides:

• Arthropoda: Limulus; Spider; Scorpion; Centepede; Millepede; Lepas; Balanus;

Squilla; Eupagarus; Crab; Mantis; Apis; Locust; Bombyx; Beetle., Pediculus;

Bedbug; Termite various types; Cyclos; Daphnia; Crustacean larvae.

Anatomy:

• Cockroach: External features; Appendages; Mouthparts; Alimentary canal;

Nervous system; Reproductive system.

• Prawn: External features; Appendages; Alimentary canal; Nervous system.

Permanent Preparations:

Hastate plate and Statocyst of Prawn, Salivary Gland and Trachea of Cockroach.

Genetics and Biostatistics

Exercises of Genetics:

• Study of Drosophila: An idea about its culture and Lifecycle.

• Identification of male and female Drosophila.

• Identification of wild and mutant Drosophila- Yellow and Ebony body; Normal

and Vestigeal wings; White and Red eyes etc.

• Permanent preparation of sex comb of Drosophila

• Identification of blood groups in Man.

Exercises of Biostatistics:

• Exercises on mean, mode and median.

• Construction of frequency table, pie chart, histogram and polygon.

• Exercises on standard deviation and standard error.



SEMESTER-III

PAPER I :ANIMAL DIVERSITY IV

Paper Code: ZOL 311

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I Chordates

• Origin and general characters

7

UNIT

II

Protochordates

• Classification upto orders.

• Interrelationships

Structural organisation

• Hemichordates.

• Urochordates.

Post embryonic development of Amphioxus

10

UNIT

III Agnatha - Classification upto orders.

8

UNIT

IV

Fishes

• Classification upto orders

• Parental care

• Respiratory organs

• Migration

• Pisciculture

10

UNIT

V

Amphibians

• Origin and evolution of land vertebrates

• Classification upto order

• Parental care.

10




PAPER II : ANIMAL DIVERSITY V

Paper Code: ZOL 312

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I Reptiles

• Classification upto orders.

• Extinct reptiles.

• Poisonous snakes of India

8

UNIT

II

Bird

• Migration,

• Principles of bird flight,

• Origin

6

UNIT

III Palaeognathae and Neognathae

• Distribution and classification.

• Beaks and Claws.

Poultry Keeping

8

UNIT

IV

Mammals –

• Origin, classification and general characters.

7

UNIT

V

Comparative anatomy of systems in Fishes, Amphibians ,

Reptiles. Aves and Mammals.

• Integument.

• Skeletal system

• Digestive system.

• Circulatory system.

• Respiratory system,

• Sensory organs.

• Urinogenital system

16




PAPER III: PHYSIOLOGY I

Paper Code: ZOL 314

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I

Aim and Scope of Physiology –

• Cell Physiology

• Mammalian physiology.

• Comparative physiology and Applied physiology. Chemical foundations of physiology

• solutions,osmotic pressure, diffusion. • pK and pH. • Buffers

8

UNIT

II

Physiology of Excretion: • Kinds of nitrogenous excretory end-products

(ammonotelic. uricotelic and ureotelic): • Role of liver in the formation of these end

products • Functional architecture of mammalian kidney

tubule • Formation of urine • Hormonal regulation of water and electrolyte

balance.

12

UNIT

III

Blood • Composition and function of Blood and lymph • Blood groups

• Blood coagulation

• Structure and function of haemoglobin.

9

UNIT

IV

Heart

• Structure; origin, conduction and regulation of

heart beat

• Cardiac cycle

• ECG.

10

UNIT

V

Peripheral circulation –

• Blood pressure

• Capillary pressure

• Regulation.

8

Total Teaching Hours

45



PAPER IV : PHYSIOLOGY II

Paper Code: ZOL 314

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I Respiration

• Mechanism and control of breathing.

• Concept of partial pressure of gases.

• Bohr's Effect

8

UNIT

II Digestion and absorption of dietary components.

Nutritional requirements and disorders.

8

UNIT

III Physiology of Nerve Impulse and Reflex Action

• Functional architecture of a neuron

• Origin and propagation of nerve impulse,

• Synaptic transmission

• Spinal reflex arc

• Central control of reflex action.

8

UNIT

IV

Physiology of Muscle Contraction

• Functional architecture of skeletal muscle

• chemical and biophysical events during contraction

and relaxation of muscle fibres.

6

UNIT

V

Endocrine Glands.

• Types

• Their Secretions and Functions

• Classification of Hormones

• Brief account of structural ,histology of endocrine

gland: Pituitary,adrenal, thyroid, islets of

Langerhans. testis and ovary.

15


45



Suggested readings:

� Alexander. R.M. : The Chordates (Cambridge University Press).

� Bhatia. A.L. : Biochemistry and Endocrinology. Indus Valley

Publication.

� Eckert. R : Animal Physiology (W. H. Freeman).

� Ganong : Review of Medical Physiology (Lange).

� Monielty. A. R : The Chordates (Cambridge University Press).

� Waterman. A..I : Chordata - Structure and Function (Macmillan co.).

� Young. J.Z : Life of Vertebrates (Oxford University Press).

� Colbert’s evolution of the vertebrates; Colbert, E.H; John Wiley & Sons

� Text book of Chordate Zoology vol. II ; Sandhu, G.S. and Sandhu, G.S;

Campus Books.

� Modern text book of Zoology-Vertebrates; Kotpal, Rastogi Publication.

� Vertebrate Zoology; Rastogi, V.B.; Ramnath & Kedarnath.

� A Textbook of Animal Physiology; Berry, A.K.; Emkay Publisher, Delhi

� Biochemistry and Endocrinology; Bhatia, A.L.; Indus valley Publication,

Jaipur

� Animal Physiology; Bhatia, A.L and Kohli, K.S; Ramesh Book Depot

,Jaipur

� Text Book of Medical Physiology; Guyton, A.C; International student

addition.

� Text Book of Medical Physiology; Chatterjea, M.N and Shinde, R.;

Jaypee brothers.



PAPER-V : PRACTICALS

Paper Code: ZOL 315

Animal Diversity- IV

Museum Specimens:

• Hemichordata: Balanoglossus

• Urochordata: Herdmania

• Cephalochordata: Amphioxus

• Agnathostomata: Myxine, Petromyzon

• Pisces: Sphyrna, Torpedo, Pristis, Chimaera, Lung fish, Acipenser, Carp,

Notopterous, Cat fish, Anguilla, Exocoetus, Hippocampus, Synaptura.

• Amphibians: Ichthyophis, Ambystoma, Axolotle Larva, Alytes, Bufo, Rana

Tigrana, Hyla.

• Reptiles: Turtle, Tortoise, Shenodon, Hemidactylus, Draco, Heloderma, Iguana,

Varanus, Uromastix, Chamaeleon, Python, Eryx, Bungarus, Naja Naja, Viper,

Hydrophis, Crocodile, Alligator, Gravialis.

• Birds: Ostrich, Emu, Kiwi, Rhea, Duck, Swan, Kite, Vulture, Peacock, House

Sparrow, Crow, Wood pecker, Neelkanth, Owl, Parrot.

• Mammals: Echidna, Ornithorhyncus, Macropus, Bat, Langur, Rhesus, Manis,

Porcupin.

Osteology: Frog, Varanus, Bird and Rabbit.

Protochordata: T.S. Amphioxus through various regions.

Pisces: T.S. of Fish.

Mammalian Histology:

Liver, Lung, Kidney, Testis, Ovary, Pancreas, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pituitary,

T.S. Stomach, T.S. Duodenum, T.S. Intestine, Bone and Cartilage.

Dissections:

Amphioxus-

• Mounting: Velum, Oral hood.

Scoliodon-

• Eye muscles, Internal ear, Cranial nerves.

• Mounting: Placoid Scales, Ampullae of Lorenzini.

Labeo-

• Cranial nerves

• Mounting: Cycloid Scales



Rat-

• Venous and Arterial systems, cranial and neck nerves.

• Mounting: Stripped muscles.

Physiology-I

Physiology:

• Blood- Haemoglobin, Haematocrit, WBC and RBC Counting.

• Blood Film- Identification of various types of Leucocytes.



SEMESTER IV

PAPER I : PHYSIOLOGY III

Paper Code: ZOL 411

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I Hormonal control :

• Male and female reproduction

• Implantation,

• Parturition

• Lactation in mammals.

8

UNIT

II

Preliminary idea of neurosecretion

Hypothalamic control of pituitary function

Neuroendocrine mechanism of Insects

9

UNIT

III Thermo regulation:

• Physiological Processes.

• Cold Environment.

• Hot Environment.

• Poikilotherms and Homeotherms

12

UNIT

IV

Physiology of High altitude:

• Acclimatization and Adaptations.

• Diseases due to High altitudes

8

UNIT

V

Physiology of Diving:

• Basic outline

• Oxygen toxicity

• Decompression sickness

8


45



PAPER II : IMMUNOLOGY – I

Paper Code: ZOL 412

UNITS TOPICS Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I Immunology

• Definition

• Types of immunity; innate and acquired: humoral

and cell mediated.

Antigen: Antigenicity of molecules, haptens.

7

UNIT

II Antibody

• Definition. (IgG. IgM. IgD. IgA and IgE)

• Outline idea of properties and function of each

class of immunoglobulin.

Antigen-antibody reactions

• Precipitation reaction,

• Agglutination reaction,

• Neutralizing reaction,

• Complement

• Lytic reactions and phagocytosis.

8

UNIT

III Cells of Immunity

• Macrophages.

• Lymphocytes (B- and T- types). T.- Helper

cells.T-killer cells, plasma cells and memory

cells.

MHC genes and gene products.

10

UNIT

IV

Mechanism of humoral or antibody mediated immunity.

12

UNIT

V

Immunotolerance. Autoimmunity

Hypersensitivity

Cvtokines.

8


45



PAPER III : BIOINFORMATICS& COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Paper Code: ZOL 413

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I

The Internet and the Biologists

The Gene bank sequence database

9

UNIT

II

Structure data base

Sequence analysis using GCG

Information retrevial from Biological database

NCBI data model

Sequence Alignment and database searching

Practical aspects of multiple sequence

alignment

Phylogenetic analysis

9

UNIT

III

Predictive methods using Protein sequences

Predictive methods using Nucleotide sequences

Of Mice and Men: Navigating public physical

mapping

ACEDB:A database for genome information

Submitting DNA sequence to the database

9

UNIT

IV

Basic Mathematics for biologist

Matrices and vectors

Exponential functions.

Periodic Functions

Differential equations, Integration

9

UNIT

V

Computer Basics

MS-Office

Operating Systems(Unix and DOS)

Hardware and Software

Multimedia

Network Concepts(LAN,WAN)

Internet

Web Servers, Web Access

Security

HTML,HTTP

9


45



PAPER IV: ETHOLOGY

Paper Code: ZOL 414

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I Introduction:

• Ethology as a branch of biology and its

significance

Concepts of Ethology :

• Fixed Action Pattern.

• Action specific Energy.

• Sign Stimulus.

• Innate Releasing Mechanism,

• Learning and Imprinting

9

UNIT II Methods of studying brain and behaviour

• Neuroanatomical.

• Neurochemical

• Neurophysiological.

Feeding strategies among animals

Brain and behaviour

9

UNIT

III Genetic and environmental components in the development

of behaviour

Communication:

• Chemical

• Visual.

• Light.

• Audio Learning : habituation. conditioning. Trial and error, latent,

imprinting

9

UNIT

IV

Social behavioural

Cooperation

Reproductive behaviour

• Evolution of sex and reproductive strategies

• Mating systems

• Courtship

• Sexual selection

• Parental care

Biological rhythms

9



• Circadian and annual rhythms

Taxes. Kineses

Navigation &Migrations

• fish and birds

UNIT

V

Learning and memory

• Conditioning

• Habituation

• Insight learning

• Association learning

• Reasoning

• Cognitive skills

Wildlife of Rajasthan and behaviour of few wild animals

in their habitat and captivity.

9


45

Suggested readings:

� Molecular Modeling for Beginners - by Alan Hinchliffe

� Molecular Modeling and Simulation - by Tamar Schlick

� Molecular Modeling - by Warren J. Hehre

� Naveen Prakash, Introduction to Database Management Systems, Tata McGraw

Hill.

� Inntroduction to Computers

� Sternberg, M.J.E.: Protein structure prediction: a practical approach, 1996

� Pain, R.G.: Mechanisms of protein folding, 1994

� Leach.A.R: Molecular modelling: principles and applications

� Immunology; Kuby; W.H; Freeman Publications.

� Essential immunology; Roitt, I; ELBS.

� Animal Behaviour; Mathur, R.; Rastogi Publications, Meerut



PAPER-V : PRACTICAL

Paper Code: ZOL 415

Immunology

Blood Groups

• ABO and Rh factor.

Computer Applications

• Exercise Related to Ms-Word.

• Exercise Related to Ms-Powerpoint

• Exercise Related to Ms-Excel

• Exercise Related to DOS

• Exercise Related to Unix

• Exercise Related to Multimedia

• Exercise Related to Web Access

• Exercise Related to HTML

• Exercise Related to HTTP

Bioinformatics

(As per the theory paper)

Ethology

• To study the food preference and feeding behaviour of Tribolium.

• To study the light response of Tribolium.

• To study the process of learning in rats with the help of animal maze and analyse

the result of the experiment.

• To study the communication in Earthworm by chemical stimuli i.e. extruding a

substance called “Pheromone” that can transmit message.

• To study imprinting during critical period.

• Study of social organization of Rhesus (Macaca mulata) and Langurs (Presbetis

entellus).

• To study the behaviour of animals (Experimental)

• A visit to Zoo: To study the behaviour



SEMESTER V

PAPER I : ECOLOGY

Paper Code: ZOL 511

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I Aims and Scope of Ecology

Concepts of limiting factors

Ecosystem: Biotic and abiotic factors Biotic Factors:

• Competition in nature - Intraspecific and

interspecific.

• Niche concept.

• Predation and parasitism - concept, evolution of

prey – predator strategies, evolution of parasitism,

host parasite relationship: Commensalisms

and mutualism

9

UNIT

II Ecosystem:

• Production, consumption and composition in an

ecosystem:

• Concepts of food chain, food web. trophic

structure

• Ecological pyramids.

Biogeochemical cycles of O2. CO2 H2O, N2, P.

role of microbes.

Ecosystem:

• Its homeostasis.

• Functional aspects.

• Productivity concepts and its

determination.

• Ecotone.

• Edge Effects.

• Niche

9

UNIT

III Population Ecology:

• Populations - Characteristics, growth and its

analysis,regulation of densities.

• Density and methods of its measurement, natality,

mortality, age ratio & distribution, pyramids,

fluctuation, biotic potential,

9



dispersal, growth forms population interactions and

propagation.

• Brief idea of demography

Community Ecology:

• Characteristics of natural Communities, structure,

composition, stratification.

UNIT

IV

Ecological succession:

• Types and Patterns, concept of climax.

• Details of xerosere and hydrosere successions Habitat Ecology:

• Fresh water

• Marine,

• Terrestrial

• Estuarine water

9

UNIT

V

Major biomes of the world:

• Desert.

• Grassland.

• Tundra.

• Temperate.

• Tropical moist Forest and Seasonal forests. Ecology and Human Future:

• Growth rate

• Role of human kind in modifying natural

communities

9


45



PAPER II: ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY

Paper Code: ZOL 512 UNITS TOPICS Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I Environment and its concepts

• Global environment.

• Hydrosphere.

• Lithosphere.

• Atmosphere

• Biosphere

Natural resources: Present status and future needs.

Management of natural resources: Renewable (Forests. Wildlife.

Water) and Nonrenewable (Water, soil, minerals and energy)

9

UNIT

II Environmental pollution I:

• General outline and various types of pollutants.

• A detailed account of pollution of water, air and soil

Environment pollution II:

• Sources and remedies for thermal, noise, radiation,

industrial chemicals, agrochemicals. insecticides and pesticides and

household pollutants

9

UNIT

III Greenhouse effect.

Ozone layer Depletion.

El Nino and La Nina Effects

Radiation and Environment:

• Types of Radiation.

• Fall out.

• Effects of Radiation.

• Nuclear Accident

Basic concepts of bioaccumulation. biomagnifications.

biodegradation of pollutants.

9

UNIT

IV

Wild Life Conservation: Vanishing and threatened animals and plants with

special reference to Rajasthan.

Wildlife management efforts by Government and Non

Government Organizations

Impact of Urbanization: Development and distribution of urban centers.

9

UNIT

V

Problems and the solutions of urbanization:

• Brief idea of Human Population with special reference

to India and Rajasthan

Space ecology:

• Space problems and their solutions

• Space ecosystem

• Space colonizationI Sustainable Environment




PAPER III: DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Paper Code: ZOL 513

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I Gametogenesis-

• Spermatogenesis

• Oogenesis. vitellogenesis. egg membranes.

Fertilization –

• Sperm-egg interactions

• Biochemical events

• Post fertilization events.

Parthenogenesis.

9

UNIT

II Types of animal eggs

Patterns of cleavage

Germ layers,

Gastrulation. fate maps and cell lineage.

Extra embryonic membranes

Types and physiology of placenta.

Organizer concept, induction process.

9

UNIT

III Organogenesis

• Heart

• Kidney

• Nervous system

• Sense organs.

Post-embryonic developments - insects and amphibians.

9

UNIT

IV

Regeneration in invertebrates and vertebrates

Development of immune system in vertebrates.

Various types of stem cells and their applications (with special

reference to embryonic stem cells)

9

UNIT

V

Cloning of animals.

• Nuclear Embryonic Transfer Technique,

• Nuclear Transfer Technique

• Embryonic or Therapeutic clone.

Teratological effects of Xenobiotics. Ageing - concepts and models.

9


45



PAPER IV: EVOLUTION

Paper Code: ZOL 514


Hours

UNIT

I

Concept of Evolution.

Origin of Life on Earth.

Origin of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

9

UNIT

II Variations

Mutations

Recombination

Ploidy.

Isolation. Natural selection

Concept of species and speciation.

9

UNIT

III Molecular phylogeny

Phylogeny of horse. Mimicrv

9

UNIT

IV

Polymorphism

Population genetics.

• Genetic Drift.

• Hardy-Weinberg Law. Macro and microevolution: Evolution of Man.

9

UNIT

V

Zoogeography -

• Principles concepts of parallelism,

endemism etc.

• Factors influencing animal distribution.

• Zoogeographical realms and faunal

peculiarities.

• Evolution of realms.

• Plate tectonics and continental drifts.

9


Suggested readings: � Fundamentals of ecology; Odum.E.P.; W.B.Saunders, New Delhi.

� Environmental management; Bandhu, D; India Environment society, New Delhi

� Principles of Wildlife management; James, A. Bailey; John Wiley & sons

� Environmental Science,Santra S.C.,New Cental Book Agency Pvt Ltd.,Kolkata

� Environmental Science ,Cunningham

� Developmental biology; Gilbert, S.F; Sinauer associates Inc.Massachusetts. � Fundamentals of ecology; Odum, E.P.; W.B.Saunders, New Delhi.

� Environmental Biology; Verma P.S. & Agarwal U.K; S. Chand &Co.

NewDelhi

� Introduction to evolution; Moody.



PAPER-V : PRACTICAL

Paper Code: ZOL 515

Ecology and Environmental Biology

Analysis of Environmental components

• Soil pH

• Water analysis: pH, alkalinity, acidity, dissolved O2 and free CO2.

• Salinity(Chlorides)

• Study of phyto and zooplanktons in a given water sample.

• Quantitative estimation of zooplanktons.

Developmental Biology

Study of Frog/ Toad development with the help of:

• Prematerial available: egg, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, neurula, tail bud,

mature tadpole larva, metamorphic stages, froglet/ toadlet.

• Histological slides: Cleavage, Blastula, gastrula, neurula, tail bud.

• Study of living tadpole larva and its metamorphic stages.

Study of Chick development:

• Whole mount:18, 21,24,33,48,72 and 96 hrs of incubation period embryo.

• If possible primitive streak stage in living embryo after removal of the

blastoderm from the egg may be demonstrated

• Study of the embryo at various stages of incubation in vivo by making a window

in the egg shell may also be demonstated.

• Study of various foetal envelops in a 10-12 day old chick embryo(amnion,

chorion, allantois, yolk sac)

Evolution

Simple Numericals based on population genetics.



SEMESTER VI PAPER I : MICROBIOLOGY

Paper Code: ZOL 611

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I The scope and history of microbiology

Major characteristics of microorganisms.

Microbial classification, nomenclature and identification.

9

UNIT

II Bacteria

• Morphology, fine structures, cultivation, reproduction and

growth, pure culture and characteristics.

• Bacterial nucleic acids.

9

UNIT

III The world of Bacteria.

• Ordinary. Gram negative bacteria.

• Ordinary Gram positive bacteria.

• Bacteria with unusual properties.

• Gram positive filamentous bacteria.

9

UNIT

IV

Microorganisms

• General characteristics of fungi (molds and

yeast) algae ,protozoa, viruses.

9

UNIT V Medical Zoology

• Brief introduction to pathogenic microbes,

viruses. Rickettsia.Spirochetes and bacteria.

9


45



PAPER II: APPLIED ZOOLOGY-II

Paper Code: ZOL 612

UNITS

TOPICS

Teaching

Hours

UNIT

I Brief accounts of life history, mode of infection and

pathogenicity

• Entamoeba.

• Trypanosoma.

• Leishmania.

• Plasmodium.

• Wucheria and

• Dracunculus

9

UNIT II Arthropods as vectors of Human diseases

• Malaria.

• Dengue.

• Filariasis.

• Japanese encephalitis

• Plague

9

UNIT

III Insects pest of economically important crops

Household insects

Rat menace and its control

Mites and ticks

Vermiculture

9

UNIT

IV

Pisciculture

• Edible fresh water fishes

• Fish Diseases

• Economic importance of fish

9

UNIT V Dairy farming

Leather industry

Wool industry

Pharmaceuticals from animals

9


45



PAPER III: BIOTECHNOLOGY & ITS APLICATIONS

Paper Code: ZOL 613


Hours

UNIT

I Bacteria and genetic engineering (outline idea only);

Benefits of genetic engineering

Potential hazards and regulations of genetic engineering.

Enzymology of genetic engineering:

• Restriction enzymes.

• DNA ligase.

• Polymerase etc.

Monoclonal antibodies and their applications.

Analysis and expression of cloned gene in host cells: Restriction

enzyme analysis.

Southern blotting. Northern blotting. In-situ hybridization. PCR

(polymerase chain reaction). DNA fingerprinting

12

UNIT

II Protoplast fusion in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Recombinant DNA technology and its application.

Cloning Vehicles:

• Plasmids.

• Cosmids.

• Lambda phage.

• Charon phage.

• Shuttle vectors

• DNA plasmids.

• Yeast plasmids.

9

UNIT

III Introduction of cloned genes into the host cells

• Transformation,

• Transduction.

• Transgenic animals, their uses and biotechnology.

Brief account of cloning:

Genomic research-its advantages and disadvantages.

Biotechnology in Medicine (outline idea only):

• P.C.R. (Gene-machine)

• Antibiotics

• Vaccines

• Enzymes

• Vitamins.

• Steroids.

• Artificial Blood.

10

UNIT

IV

Environmental Biotechnology (outline idea only):

• Metal and petroleum recovery

7



• Pest control

• Waste-water treatment.

UNIT

V

Food. Drink and Dairy Biotechnology (outline idea only):

• Fermented food production

• Dairy products

• Alcoholic beverage's and vinegar

• Microbial spoilage and food preservation

7


45

Suggested readings:

� Molecular Biotechnology. Glick B.R.& Pasternak J. J; ASM Press.

� Principles of gene manipulation; An introduction to genetic engineering; Old,

R.W & Primrose, S.B; Blackwell Science.

� Elementary biotechnology, Gupta, P.K; Rastogi Puplications; Meerut.

� Economic Zoology ,Biostatitics and Animal

behaviour,Shukla.Mathur.Upadhyay.Prasad,Rastogi Publication,Meerut

� Economic Zoology ,Shukla. Upadhyay.Rastogi Publication,Meerut

� Molecular Biology of the gene; Watson J.D.; Benzamin/ Cummings.



Paper IV: Project

Paper Code : ZOL 614

Objectives:

• To orient the student to the techniques of documentation.

The student will be required to prepare and submit a Project Report or Term

Paper, requiring two hours per week of self- study outside the class. There

will be evaluation by a panel of examiners at the end of the Semester. The

evaluation will comprise of presentation of the project as well as viva-voce.



PAPER-V : PRACTICAL

Paper Code: ZOL 615

Molecular Biology & Biotechnology

Restriction digestion of DNA

Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA

Separation of amino acids on paper & thin layer chromatography

Microbiology:

Principle and working of equipments used in biotechnology laboratory (SDS-PAGE

apparatus, horizontal DNA Electrophoresis chamber, Laminar Airflow,

Autoclave, Incubator, pH meter, Homogenizer, Ascending and Descending

Chromatographic chamber, Thin Layer Chromatographic Apparatus ,Microtome)

Preparation and use culture media for microbes

Study of microbes in food material(curd, milk rotten fruits and vegetables)

Educational tour to any Microbiology lab (Food processing factory, Distillery, Dairy etc.)

Candidates will have to submit a report on it.

Applied Zoology

As per theory

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