Semester 1 History Review2009

Part 2

# 30 - 66

30. Dissent:

• disagreement with or opposition to an opinion

31. Joint-Stock Company/Virginia Company:

• company that sells stock for a share of the profit

32. Indentured Servant:

• laborer who works for passage to America

33. House of Burgesses:

• Jamestown legislative assembly

34. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut:

• first written constitution in America

35. Mayflower Compact:

• provided law in the Plymouth Colony

36. Slave Codes:

• laws that governed slaves

37. Puritans:

• Group that settled in Massachusetts

38. Separatists/Pilgrims:

• Left England for religious purposes

39. Economy in South Colonies:

• development of slave labor on plantations

40.Economy in New England Colonies:

• subsistence farming

41.Enlightenment:

• historic period of intellectual and artistic creativity that improved society

42. Jamestown:

• the Jamestown settlers saved their colony by planting tobacco

43. Militia:

• a group of civilians trained to fight in emergencies

44. Albany Plan of Union (who/what) :

• developed to unify the colonies for more security against France, a key leader was Ben Franklin

45.Treaty of Paris (French and Indian War)

– (who/what/why) :

• divided North America between Great Britain and Spain, with the Mississippi River marking that western boundary. Ended the French presence in North America.

46. Proclamation of 1763:

• prohibited colonists from moving west of the Appalachian mountains

47. Sugar Act:

• The British government’s attempt to stop smuggling by lowering the tax on molasses

48. Stamp Act:

• British tax on almost all printed materials in the colonies

49.George III:

• King of England during the Revolutionary War; opposed any compromise with the American colonists

50. Declaration of Independence

• Author – Thomas Jefferson

51.Writ of Assistance:

• In order to search a colonist’s house, a British customs officer presented a writ of assistance.

52.Declaratory Act:

• gave the British Parliament the right to tax and make decisions for the colonists “ in all cases whatsoever”

53.Intolerable Acts:

• passed by the British to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party; closed Boston harbor and banned town meetings

54. Lexington & Concord:

• The “shot heard round the world”; start of American Revolution

55.Loyalists & Patriots:

• Loyalists – colonists loyal to the British; did not consider unfair taxes a good reason for rebellion

• Patriot- wanted to fight the British for American Independence

56.Mercenary:

• – a hired soldier

57.George Washington:

• commander in chief of the American army

58. Marquis de Lafayette:

• French nobleman who was Washington’s advisor

59.Paul Revere:

• shouted “the regulars are out” to warn that the British were coming

60.Von Steuben:

• brought military discipline to George Washington’s troops

61. Valley Forge: • Patriots were forced to endure a

winter of terrible suffering at Valley Forge

62. Yorktown:

• After this battle, King George III agreed to give Americans their freedom

63.Saratoga:

• After this battle, the French announced support for the United States

65.Mercantilism (define & explain the

purpose of mercantilism) :• An idea that defines the economic

relationship between a mother country and its colonies;

• a nation’s power depends on expanding its trade;

• British mercantilism was strengthened by the Navigation Acts

66. Treaty of Paris (1783) (what was it, three main parts of it, who did it favor) :

• Ended the Revolutionary War• Three Main Parts:• 1. British promised to withdraw all troops

from American territory• 2. British recognized US as an

independent nation• 3. US now claimed territory extending

from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River and from Canada to Spanish Florida

STUDY your

colonies map!