Self-administration of insulin for quadriplegic diabetic patients
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Transcript of Self-administration of insulin for quadriplegic diabetic patients
SELF ADMINISTRATION OF INSULIN SELF ADMINISTRATION OF INSULIN FOR QUADRIPLEGIC PATIENTSFOR QUADRIPLEGIC PATIENTS
The project was to design a method that The project was to design a method that would allow a diabetic quadriplegic would allow a diabetic quadriplegic
patient that has had four limb patient that has had four limb amputations (above the knee and elbow) amputations (above the knee and elbow) to self administer injections of insulin. to self administer injections of insulin.
AIMS Improving quadriplegic patient’s self-management, affected by diabetes
Guaranteeing stable healthy conditions and independence
OBJECTIVES Adapting the device to different heights and body weights, also taking into account different kinds of diabetes.
Stabilising and improving the medical conditions of the patient, such as his/her lifestyle, range of independency, effective use of the designed device for self-care/assistance.
Ensuring that the design complies with the standards and regulations from the Medical Device Directive.
Quadriplegia also known as tetraplegia, can be defined as paralysis of all four limbs and torso/total loss.
a) Quadriplegia is caused by damage to the brain or the spinal cord generally at a high level, ranging from spinal cord injuries secondary to an injury to the cervical spine.
b) Below are some forms of administering medication either by the patient or someone doing it for them:
1. Oral - Frequently used type of route and most effective if one can swallow.
2. Sublingual
3. Rectal Administration
4. Topical Administration
BACKGROUND
To administer insulin – PF1
Ease of use – PF2
Cost – SF1 Reusability – SF2
Weight – SF3
Size – SF4 Aesthetics – SF4
Total
Weight 10 10 7 6 6 5 1
Robotic arm
5 3 1 5 4 4 3 164
Drip feed/ time feed
5 2 5 4 5 2 1 170
Patches 4 4 2 3 5 4 4 176
Jet syringe 5 5 4 4 4 3 2 193
Afrezza Inhaler
4 2 4 5 5 5 5 178
DESIGN IDEASDESIGN IDEAS&&
OPTIMISATIONSOPTIMISATIONS
http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/images/jet-injector.jpg
http://www.jacobsschool.ucsd.edu/pulse/fall2006/images/Pg15Nektar-Keys-LR.jpg
Interesting featuresInteresting featuresI. A new technique of injecting insulin without a needle employs a jet injector to administer a
high pressure stream of medication.
II. This method causes very little pain and affords great accuracy, ease of administration, and safety.
III. Jet injection has been proved to be a very satisfactory method of administering insulin and has met with good patient-acceptance.
ADVANTAGES
a) Cost-effectiveness and re-usability
b) Ease of use and manufacturing
c) Avoidance of intravenous injections
d) Self-administration of insulin
Enhances the patient’s independence
DISADVANTAGES
When using stainless steel nozzles, it can be costly and requires the need for sterilization.
Commercial viabilityCommercial viability
Materials Materials and and methods of methods of production production usedused
1. Biocompatible, sterilizable and nontoxic materials for the jet syringe. The main body can be made of plastic and/or glass.
2. Heat-treatable stainless steel or carbon steel is normally used to make the needles. To prevent corrosion, many are nickel plated.
3. Plastics are also used to make the plunger handle and flexible synthetic rubber for the plunger head.
4. Cyclic Olefin Polymer (COP), Stainless steel and Nylon for the frame.
The most widely method of production employed is The most widely method of production employed is
extrusion moulding. extrusion moulding.
Design analysisDesign analysis These injectors are designed to give an accurate method of injecting insulin enclosed in a syringe through preferably either an automatically inserted needle or through a high velocity jet.
A jet syringe is not only good at administrating the insulin at greater accuracy, but is also better at causing the insulin to diffuse across the body than the syringe and needle.
Both the plunger and the needles holder are made of thermoset material and cannot be reused. Instead, the COP plastic used for the frame can be completely recycled.
This cost-effective design shows that a syringe-frame This cost-effective design shows that a syringe-frame
can be can be
ecological and effective at the same time. ecological and effective at the same time.
Conclusionand and
some highlights of possible improvementssome highlights of possible improvements
Indeed, this injector may be a practical tool for insulin dependent diabetic patients, who are affected by a paralysis of all four limbs.
However, the jet injector apparently causes a broader distribution of material injected.