Seerah of The Seerah of The Prophet Prophet Peace be upon himPeace be upon him

Before The BirthBefore The Birth

Why study the Seerah?

• Practical Role Model for Muslims

Indeed in the Messenger of Allah (Muhammad SAW) you have a good example to follow for him who hopes in (the Meeting with) Allah and the Last Day and remembers Allah much. األحزاب

Why study the Seerah?

• The life of the Prophet is a proof of him as a Messenger of Allah

• A Practical guide for callers to the way of Islam.– Lessons in inviting people to Islam– Lessons in Patience and Perseverance– Strengthening the resolve of believers.

Why study the Seerah?

• Learning Seerah is essential in understanding Quranic revelations

Truly Allah has given you victory on many battle fields, and on the Day of Hunain when you rejoiced at your great number but it availed you naught and the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for you, then you turned back in flight.

التوبة

Why study the Seerah?

• Increase our love to the Prophet and cause the love of Allah for us.

Say (O Muhammad to mankind): "If you (really) love Allah then follow me (i.e. accept Islamic Monotheism, follow the Qur'an and the Sunni), Allah will love you and forgive you of your sins. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful."

عمران آل

References

• Sources of Seerah:– Quran: Tafseer Tabari, Ibn Katheer, and Al Jawzi

– Hadith: Bukhari, Muslim, Ahmad, Tirmithi, Abu Dawood..etc.

– Books of Seerah

References

• Narrators of Seerah

References

• As-Seerah An-Nabaweyah by Ibn Hisham (d.218H)• ( : العبيكان هشام بن الملك عبد النبوية (1998السيرة

• As-Seerah Al- Halabiah: Ali Al-Halabi (d 1044 H) •) ( : المعرفة دار الحلبي الدين برهان بن علي الحلبية السيرة

• The Sealed Nectar: Mubarakfuri (p. 1976 CE)• ( : الرسالة المباركفوري الرحمن صفي المختوم الرحيق

1996)• As-Seerah An-Nabaweyah: Mahdi Ahmad (p 1992 CE)

• ( . : للبحوث فيصل مركز أحمد مهدي د النبوية (1992السيرة• As-Seerah An-Nabaweyah: Ali M. As-Salabi (p 2000 CE)

• ( . : المعرفة دار الصالبي محمد علي د النبوية (2004السيرة

JudaismJudaism

571 C.E.

The world at the time of The

Prophet’s Birth

: قال الله رسول عياضأن نظر”.... عن الله وإن ، وعجمهم عربهم ، األرضفمقتهم أهل إلى

“..... الكتاب أهل من بقايا إالمسلم رواه

Sahih Muslim, Book 040, Number 6853:'Iyadh bin Himar reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him), while delivering a sermon one day, said: “……..And verily, Allah looked towards the people of the world and He showed disgust, for the Arabs and the non-Arabs, but with the exception of some remnants from the People of the Book..."

Mecca before Islam

• Political Conditions:– Ibrahim and Ismail– Jurhum– Khuza’a– Quraysh

Ibrahim and Ismailإسماعيل أم فجعلت ، ماء فيها شنة ومعهم ، إسماعيل وأم بإسماعيل خرج ، كان ما أهله وبين إبراهيم بين كان لما

أم فاتبعته ، أهله إلى إبراهيم رجع ثم ، دوحة تحت فوضعها مكة قدم حتى ، صبيها على لبنها فيدر ، الشنة من تشربقال : : : ، بالله رضيت قالت ، الله إلى قال ؟ تتركنا من إلى إبراهيم يا ورائه من نادته كداء بلغوا لما حتى ، إسماعيلأحس: : لعلي فنظرت ذهبت لو قالت ، الماء فني لما حتى ، صبيها على لبنها ويدر الشنة من تشرب فجعلت فرجعت

سعت : الوادي بلغت فلما ، أحدا تحس فلم ، أحدا تحس هل ونظرت ، فنظرت الصفا فصعدت فذهبت قال ، أحداهو : فإذا فنظرت فذهبت ، الصبي تعني ، فعل ما فنظرت ذهبت لو قالت ثم ، أشواطا ذلك ففعلت ، المروة أتتفصعدت : فذهبت ، أحدا أحس لعلي ، فنظرت ذهبت لو فقالت ، نفسها تقرها فلم ، للموت ينشغ كأنه حاله على

: ، بصوت هي فإذا ، فعل ما فنظرت ذهبت لو قالت ثم ، سبعا أتمت حتى ، أحدا تحس فلم ونظرت فنظرت ، الصفافانبثق : : : قال ، األرض على عقبه وغمز ، هكذا بعقبه فقال قال ، جبريل فإذا ، خير عندك كان إن أغث فقالت

الماء : : ) كان تركته لو وسلم عليه الله صلى القاسم أبو فقال قال ، تحفر فجعلت ، إسماعيل أم فدهشت ، الماءهم ( . : : فإذا ، الوادي ببطن جرهم من ناس فمر قال ، صبيها على لبنها ويدر الماء من تشرب فجعلت قال ظاهرا

فأتاهم : ، بالماء هم فإذا فنظر رسولهم فبعثوا ، ماء على إال الطير يكون ما وقالوا ، ذاك أنكروا كأنهم ، بطيرفيهم : فنكح ابنها فبلغ ، معك نسكن أو ، معك نكون أن لنا أتأذنين ، إسماعيل أم يا فقالوا إليها فأتوا ، فأخبرهم

فقالت : : : : ؟ إسماعيل أين فقال ، فسلم فجاء قال ، تركتي مطلع إني ألهله فقال ، إلبراهيم بدا إنه ثم قال ، امرأة : : : ، أهلك إلى فاذهبي ، ذاك أنت قال ، أخبرته جاء فلما ، بابك عتبة غير جاء إذا له قولي قال ، يصيد ذهب امرأتهذهب : : . : : : امرأته فقالت ؟ إسماعيل أين فقال فجاء قال تركتي مطلع إني ألهله فقال ، إلبراهيم بدا إنه ثم قالالماء : : : . وشرابنا اللحم طعامنا قالت ؟ شرابكم وما طعامكم وما فقال ، وتشرب فتطعم تنزل أال فقالت ، يصيد

إبراهيم : . : : ) ( . بدعوة بركة وسلم عليه الله صلى القاسم أبو فقال قال وشرابهم طعامهم في لهم بارك اللهم قالله : : . نبال يصلح زمزم وراء من إسماعيل فوافق فجاء ، تركتي مطلع إني ألهله فقال ، إلبراهيم بدا إنه ثم قال

إذن : . : : : قال ، عليه تعينني أن أمرني قد إنه قال ، ربك أطع قال بيتا له أبني أن أمرني ربك إن ، إسماعيل يا فقالأنت : : } إنك منا تقبل ربنا ويقوالن الحجارة يناوله وإسماعيل ، يبني إبراهيم فجعل فقاما قال ، قال كما أو ، أفعليناوله { . : فجعل ، المقام حجر على فقام ، الحجارة نقل عن الشيخ وضعف ، البناء ارتفع حتى قال العليم السميع

العليم : } { السميع أنت إنك منا تقبل ربنا ويقوالن الحجارة

: البخاري:  -  المحدث عباس بن عبدالله الراوي

The world at the time of The

Prophet’s Birth• Al- Bukhari Volume 4, Book 55, Number 584: Narrated Ibn Abbas:

• When Abraham had differences with his wife), (because of her jealousy of Hajar, Ishmael's mother), he took Ishmael and his mother and went away. They had a water-skin with them containing some water, Ishmael's mother used to drink water from the water-skin so that her milk would increase for her child. When Abraham reached Mecca, he made her sit under a tree and afterwards returned home. Ishmael's mother followed him, and when they reached Kada', she called him from behind, 'O Abraham! To whom are you leaving us?' He replied, '(I am leaving you) to Allah's (Care).' She said, 'I am satisfied to be with Allah.' She returned to her place and started drinking water from the water-skin, and her milk increased for her child. When the water had all been used up, she said to herself, 'I'd better go and look so that I may see somebody.' She ascended the Safa mountain and looked, hoping to see somebody, but in vain. When she came down to the valley, she ran till she reached the Marwa mountain. She ran to and fro (between the two mountains) many times. They she said to herself, 'i'd better go and see the state of the child,' she went and found it in a state of one on the point of dying. She could not endure to watch it dying and said (to herself), 'If I go and look, I may find somebody.' She went and ascended the Safa mountain and looked for a long while but could not find anybody. Thus she completed seven rounds (of running) between Safa and Marwa. Again she said (to herself), 'I'd better go back and see the state of the child.' But suddenly she heard a voice, and she said to that strange voice, 'Help us if you can offer any help.' Lo! It was Gabriel (who had made the voice). Gabriel hit the earth with his heel like this (Ibn 'Abbas hit the earth with his heel to Illustrate it), and so the water gushed out. Ishmael's mother was astonished and started digging. (Abu Al-Qasim) (i.e. the Prophet) said, "If she had left the water, (flow naturally without her intervention), it would have been flowing on the surface of the earth.") Ishmael's mother started drinking from the water and her milk increased for her child . …

The world at the time of The

Prophet’s Birth• Al Bukhari Volume 4, Book 55, Number 584: Narrated Ibn Abbas:

• .. Afterwards some people of the tribe of Jurhum, while passing through the bottom of the valley, saw some birds, and that astonished them, and they said, 'Birds can only be found at a place where there is water.' They sent a messenger who searched the place and found the water, and returned to inform them about it. Then they all went to her and said, 'O ishmael's mother! Will you allow us to be with you (or dwell with you)?' (And thus they stayed there.) Later on her boy reached the age of puberty and married a lady from them. Then an idea occurred to Abraham which he disclosed to his wife (Sarah), 'I want to call on my dependents I left (at Mecca).' When he went there, he greeted (Ishmael's wife) and said, 'Where is Ishmael?' She replied, 'He has gone out hunting.' Abraham said (to her), 'When he comes, tell him to change the threshold of his gate.' When he came, she told him the same whereupon Ishmael said to her, 'You are the threshold, so go to your family (i.e. you are divorced).' Again Abraham thought of visiting his dependents whom he had left (at Mecca), and he told his wife (Sarah) of his intentions. Abraham came to Ishmael's house and asked. "Where is Ishmael?" Ishmael's wife replied, "He has gone out hunting," and added, "Will you stay (for some time) and have something to eat and drink?' Abraham asked, 'What is your food and what is your drink?' She replied, 'Our food is meat and our drink is water.' He said, 'O Allah! Bless their meals and their drink." Abu Al-Qa-sim (i.e. Prophet) said, "Because of Abraham's invocation there are blessings (in Mecca)." Once more Abraham thought of visiting his family he had left (at Mecca), so he told his wife (Sarah) of his decision. He went and found Ishmael behind the Zam-zam well, mending his arrows. He said, "O Ishmael, Your Lord has ordered me to build a house for Him." Ishmael said, "Obey (the order of) your Lord." Abraham said, "Allah has also ordered me that you should help me therein." Ishmael said, "Then I will do." So, both of them rose and Abraham started building (the Ka'ba) while Ishmael went on handing him the stones, and both of them were saying, "O our Lord ! Accept (this service) from us, Verily, You are the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing." (2.127). When the building became high and the old man (i.e. Abraham) could no longer lift the stones (to such a high position), he stood over the stone of Al-Maqam and Ishmael carried on handing him the stones, and both of them were saying, 'O our Lord! Accept (this service) from us, Verily You are All-Hearing, All-Knowing." (2.127)

Genealogy

من” كنانة اصطفى الله إنواصطفى . إسماعيل ولد

واصطفى . كنانة من قريشاهاشم . قريشبني من

“ هاشم بني من واصطفاني

فسيلة:   أبو الليثي األسقع بن واثلة -الراويمسلم: المحدث

Genealogy

من” كنانة اصطفى الله إنواصطفى . إسماعيل ولد

واصطفى . كنانة من قريشاهاشم . قريشبني من

“ هاشم بني من واصطفاني

فسيلة:   أبو الليثي األسقع بن واثلة -الراويمسلم: المحدث

Genealogy

History of Mecca

Uthman bin Math’un

Amr bin Al-’Aas

Mecca before Islam

• Political Honors in Quraysh:– Dar An-Nadwah: “Quraysh’s Congress”– Liwa’: Banner Holding– Hijabah: Custody of Ka’ba– Siqayah: Providing Water for Hajj– Rifadah: Providing food for Hajj

Mecca before Islam

• Religion:– Hanifiah: Monotheism

– Amr bin Luhay

– Paganism

The world at the time of The

Prophet’s Birth

قصبه يجر الخزاعي لحي بن عامر بن عمرو رأيتالسوائب سيب من أول وكان ، النار في

  : البخاري:   المحدث هريرة أبو الراوي

Al- Bukhari:Abu Huraira said, "The Prophet said, 'I saw Amr bin 'Amir bin Luhai Al-Khuzai dragging his intestines in the (Hell) Fire, for he was the first man who started the custom of releasing animals (for the sake of false gods).' "

Mecca before Islam

• Social Conditions:– Marriage and Family– Abuse of Women– Tribalism– Nobility

The world at the time of The

Prophet’s Birth

: قال الله رسول عياضأن نظر”.... عن الله وإن ، وعجمهم عربهم ، األرضفمقتهم أهل إلى

“..... الكتاب أهل من بقايا إالمسلم رواه

Sahih Muslim, Book 040, Number 6853:'Iyadh bin Himar reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him), while delivering a sermon one day, said: “……..And verily, Allah looked towards the people of the world and He showed disgust, for the Arabs and the non-Arabs, but with the exception of some remnants from the People of the Book..."

JudaismJudaism

571 C.E.