A Presentation on Seed Production and Quality

Given To MPhil Students Of AUPThrough Tour

By FSCRD

Submitted ByMr Allah Dad Khan

SEED PRODUCTION AND QUALITY CONTROL

Federal Seed Certification & Registration DepartmentFederal Seed Certification & Registration Department

FEDERAL SEED CERTIFICATION & REGISTRATION DEPARTMENT(SEED AMENDMENT ACT 2015)

Main ResponsibilitiesMain Responsibilities

Variety RegistrationVariety Registration Seed Quality Control Through Crop Inspection & Seed TestingSeed Quality Control Through Crop Inspection & Seed Testing Seed Company RegistrationSeed Company Registration Seed Act Enforcement Through Notified Seed InspectorsSeed Act Enforcement Through Notified Seed Inspectors Adaptability Trials of Exotic MaterialsAdaptability Trials of Exotic Materials Seed Import/export MonitoringSeed Import/export Monitoring Seed Policy ImplementationSeed Policy Implementation Fruit Tree Nursery RegistrationFruit Tree Nursery Registration Capacity Building of Stakeholders of Seed IndustryCapacity Building of Stakeholders of Seed Industry Any Other Business Related to Seed IndustryAny Other Business Related to Seed Industry

SEED– SEED IS THE BASIC UNIT OF

AGRICULTURE FARMING AND THEREFORE OF UTMOST IMPORTANCE FOR ACHIEVING SELF SUFFICIENCY IN FOOD ITEMS

– THE QUALITY OF SEED ALONE IS KNOWN TO ACCOUNT FOR UPTO 20-25% INCREASE IN PRODUCTIVITY

QUALITIES OF CERTIFIED SEED

Approved /Registered Variety of High Yield

Pure Free From Weed Seed Free From Insect and Disease Attack Desired Level of Germination Healthy and of High Vigour Moisture %

WHY QUALITY SEED?

Quality seed is the medium for transforming improved varieties generated through research to farming communities for alleviating poverty and achieving food security.

SEED QUALITY ATTRIBUTES Seed of a locally adapted variety Free from other varieties, other species and

noxious weeds Free from inert matters such as broken seed, plant

debris, stones etc High germination capacity and vigor Free from seed-borne diseases, pest and weeds Properly cleaned, treated, tested and labeled

HOW TO PRODUCE QUALITY SEED

Use high quality seed for planting Select a field with good soil fertility in a

suitable area for seed production Use optimum crop management practices

for better quality and productivity Use integrated pre and post harvest seed

quality practices Proper rotation to avoid volunteer plants

from previous crop.

HOW TO PRODUCE QUALITY SEED

Proper isolation distances to avoid out-crossing and mechanical mixing from adjacent fields

Periodic seed renewal from a reliable source to restrict build-up of disease and impurities

Row planting if possible to facilitate rouging Proper cleaning of farm machinery to avoid

mechanical mixture

HOW TO PRODUCE QUALITY SEED

Proper field and seed inspection to monitor and document quality

Rouging off-types, other crop plants, and disease-infected plants to maintain quality.

HOW TO PRODUCE QUALITY SEED

UNDESIRABLE PLANTS KNOWN AS ROUGUE ARE Off-types i-e genetic variants of same variety Other varieties of the same crop Other crops with similar growth habit and seed

characteristics Noxious weeds, whose seed are difficult to

remove during cleaning Plant infected with seed-borne diseases

SEED CERTIFICATION

Seed Certification is a Quality Control System to Ensure that Seed Sold to Farmers is of the Indicated Variety, has Sufficient Purity (Physical & Varietal), High Germination Capacity and is Free from Seed Borne Disease.

MECHANISM OF SEED PRODUCTION

BNS&Pre Basic

Certified Seed

Agriculture Research System (Agric University, NIFA etc)

Quality Control by FSCRD

Public & Private Sector

Basic Seed Public Seed Farms(Agric. Extention Deptt)

Approved SeedPublic & Private Sector

CLASSES OF SEEDPre-basic Seed is produced by the breeder and is of the highest

genetic purity. For identification, this class carries a white label with violet diagonal line.

Basic Seed is progeny of the pre-basic seed and is produced by the seed corporations at their seed farms. This class is identified by a white label.

Certified Seed is produced from the basic seed by registered growers. Certified seed is identified by blue label.

Approved Seed is produced from the certified seed and is identified by a pink label.

Truth in Labeled Seed is identified by a yellow label and is used for the imported seed where the exporter of such seed gives necessary information about the seed.

REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTIFIED REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTIFIED SEED PRODUCTIONSEED PRODUCTION

ELIGIBILITY OF CULTIVARApproved / Registered

CATEGORY OF SEEDBNS Pre Basic Basic Certified

ISOLATIONISOLATION REQUIREMENTS (M)

PRE BASIC BASIC CERTIFIEDWHEAT 10 10 3MAIZE 400 400 200ONION 1600 1600 800

REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTIFIED REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTIFIED SEED PRODUCTIONSEED PRODUCTION CROP INSPECTIONPurity1. Genetic Contamination2. Mechanical ContaminationPresence of off Type PlantsPresence of Weed PlantsPest and Disease Attack SAMPLING

REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTIFIED REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTIFIED SEED PRODUCTIONSEED PRODUCTION LABORATORY ANALYSIS1. Pure Seed2. Other Crop Seed3. Weed Seed4. Inert Matter5. Germination % age6. Moisture % age7. Disease Infected Seed TAGGING & LABELING