Sedimentary Rocks

Sedimentary RocksSedimentary rocks form in 1 of 3 ways:

1. Clastic Sedimentary Rocks- made of pieces and grains of other rocks. Material such as sand or mud

-usually deposited in water

Conglomerate sandstone

Sedimentary Rocks2. Chemical Sedimentary Rocks- deposited in water from chemicals and minerals in the water.

-limestone is deposited in water from calcite

Sedimentary Rocks

• 3. Organic sedimentary rocks- made up of remains of plants or animals.

–Chalk is made from tiny shells–Coal is made from ancient plants

Other sedimentary Features1. Fossils- can be very common in sedimentary rocks

2. Nodules- (concretions) are ball-shaped rocks formed around a hard center object such as a sand grain

3. Geodes- hollowed out nodules with crystals filling the center area. Crystals are usually quartz

Sedimentary RocksRock Name Formation Composition Other Features/Color

1. Sandstone clastic sand grains rust color(iron)

Sedimentary RocksRock Name Formation Composition Other Features/Color

2. Shale clastic mud “mud stone”, layers

Sedimentary Rocks

Rock Name Formation Composition Other features/color

3. Conglomerate clastic rocks,cements natural cement

Sedimentary Rocks

Rock Name Formation Composition Other features/color

4. Coal organic ancient plants black, carbon

Sedimentary Rocks

Rock name formation composition other features/color

5. Limestone chemical calcite caves

Sedimentary Rocks

Rock name formation composition other features/color

6. Nodule clastic sand grains desert rose

Sedimentary Rocks

Rock name formation composition other features/color

7. Geode clastic quartz crystals hollow “earth stone”

Sedimentary rocks

Rock name formation composition other features/color

8. Agate clastic quartz “melted quartz”

Sedimentary RocksRock Type formation composition other features/color

9. Jasper clastic quartz reddish brown

“Jasper”

Sedimentary Rocks

Rock Type formation composition other features/color

10. Chert clastic quartz brown, arrowheads

Quiz: Sedimentary RocksWhat you should know

- You should be able to identify the 10 sedimentary rocks- You should know which are clastic, chemical, and organic- You should know how clastic, chemical, and organic rocks form- What is a nodule? A fossil? A desert rose? A geode?- What is the mineral usually inside geodes?- What are the 3 agates we learned? - What was my dog’s name? Why?- What mineral is limestone made of? What mineral are quartz,

jasper, and chert made of?- What is sandstone made of? What is shale made of?- What rock is also called earthstone? Which is also called

mudstone?- You MUST pass quiz to be able to the next 2 labs in class

On back of quiz paperWhat are the 3 kinds of sedimentary rocks?

18. __________________19. __________________20. __________________