Section C - Soil Pollution
Transcript of Section C - Soil Pollution
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SOILPOLLUTION
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DefinitionThe presence of toxic
chemicals (pollutants or
contaminants) in soil inhigh enough concentration
to be of risk to humanhealth and/or ecosystem.
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Soil Pollution and
Effects Affects us all including plants and animals
CHILDREN are most susceptible sincethey come in close contact with the soil by
regularly playing in the ground
Effects may vary based on age, generalhealth status, and other factors
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Causes All soils contain a variety of compounds
(contaminants) which are naturally present
Examples of contaminants are metals, inorganic
ions and salts, and many organic compounds
Compounds are mainly formed through soil
microbial activity and decomposition of
organisms
Compounds get into the soil from the
atmosphere and from surface water bodies
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Causes
When the amount of soil contaminants
exceed natural levels, pollutionisgenerated
Natural events like volcanic eruptions and
tsunamis can bring about land pollution.
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Types of Soil Pollution
Anthropogenicthrough
human activityNaturalnatural accumulation
of compounds in soil
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ANTHROPOGENIC Accidental spills and leaks
Foundry activities and manufacturing processes
resulting in possible dispersion of contaminants
in the environment
Mining activities
Construction activities
Agricultural activities
Transportation activities
Dumping of chemicals
Storage of wastes in landfills
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NATURAL
Imbalances between atmospheric deposition
and leaching away with precipitation water
(concentration and accumulation of perchlorate
in soils) Natural production in soil under certain
environmental conditions (natural formation of
perchlorate in soil in the presence of a chlorinesource)
Leaks from sewer lines into subsurface
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The bare soil generate a higher health risk as
compared to vegetated soil
Soil pollution may generate health effects long
after the original exposure occurred
Poisoned soil may affect you through inhalation,
direct skin contact, poisoned vegetables and
fruits, as well as poison groundwater
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-Construction activities
-Agriculture activities
(pesticide with lead such as
lead arsenate that was
banned but has beenhistorically used)
-Growth reduction and
weight loss
-Impair pituitary-thyroid
endocrine system
Favor osteoporosis at oldage
Mercury (Hg) Mining
Incineration of coal
Alkali and metal processing
Medical and other wasteVolcanoes and geologic
deposits (natural sources)
Accumulation in plants and
vegetables grown on
polluted soils
Itching, burning, pain
Damage to brain kidney
and lungs
Pink disease (acrodynia)
skin discoloration (pink
cheeks, fingertips, toes),
while red cheeks and nose
in affected children
Desquamation (peeling off
in layers of dead skin)High blood pressure and
hyper salivation
tachycardia
Loss of hair, teeth, nails,
photofobia, kidney
dysfunction, memory-
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Arsenic (As) MiningCoal-fired power plants
Lumber facilities (usedas CCAchromate
copper arsenate in
pressure treated wood)
Electronic Industry
Foundry activities
Agriculture (Pesticides -
including some of those
currently used)
Natural accumulation
under specific conditions
If ingestedthe most
specific effects relates
to skin patternchangesandcancer (incl
uding liver, kidney,
bladder, prostate and
lung cancer); also at
lower doses the
digestive system may be
affected with symptoms
such as: nausea
vomiting, stomach
irritation, diarrhea,
damage of blood vesselsIf inhaledskin changes;
irritation of throat and
lungs, circulatory
problems, nervous
system disorders
PAHs (polyaromatic Coal burning Harm to skin body
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PAHs (polyaromatic Coal burning Harm to skin, body
fluids,
hydrocarbons) Vehicle emissions
Accumulation in plants
and vegetables grownon polluted soils
Cigarette smoke
Wildfires
Agricultural burning
Wood burningAsphalt roads
(construction
activities)
Industrial plants (e.g.,
coal tar, bitumen,
coal-gasification)
Accumulation in plants
and vegetables grown
on polluted soils
Construction activities
autoimmune system
Eye irritation, nausea,
vomiting, diahreaCataracts
Kidney and liver
damage
Cancer (skin, lung,
bladder,gastrointestinal)
Difficulty in
reproduction in
animals (not yet
confirmed in humans)
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Herbicides/Insectic
ides
Agricultural
activities
Gardening
Large range of
effects from skin
rashes to death
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Sichuan, China
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Philippines
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Landfill
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Dumpsite
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