Section 6 Concreting - Clifford...

Caltex Australia Petroleum Pty Ltd ABN 17 000 032 128 Mkt. Property – Proj. Services Corp Stand tmofpsp2\G\engineer\refdocs\service station const'n spec's\volume2.doc Rev: 08.2 March 2008

Commercial in Confidence

MARKETING PROPERTY-PROJECT SERVICES

STD - D905

VOLUME 2

Service Station Construction SPECIFICATION

Section 6

Concreting

Index

6.1 Extent of Works 6.2 Rev 07.8 General 6.3 Rev 07.6 Concrete Quality 6.4 Rev 07.6 Gravel Base Course 6.5 Formwork & Dimensional Tolerances 6.6 Rev 07.6 Reinforcement 6.7 Cover 6.8 Footings 6.9 Raft (Building) Slab 6.10 Floors, Plinths & Ramps 6.11 Rev 07.6 External Paving 6.12 Rev 07.6 Finishes and Surface Treatments 6.13 Grated and/or Slot Drains, Pits & Sumps 6.14 Rev 07.6 Joints 6.15 Pump Bases, Fill & Dip Points, Tank Anchors 6.16 Settlement Pit (for Car Wash)

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Caltex Australia Petroleum Pty Ltd Marketing Property-Project Services

CROSS REFERENCES This section must be read together with: Relevant standards (refer Volume 3, Section 4) include, but are not limited to: AS 1012 AS 1141 AS 1170 AS 1302

AS 1379 AS 1478 AS 1526 AS 2159 AS 2327 AS 2758.1 AS 2870.1 AS 3582 AS 3600 AS 3610 AS 3799 AS 3972 AS/NZS 4200 SAA HB67 AS/NZS 4671

Quality Assurance

07.8 Clause 6.2.4 has been added 22.11.07 07.6 Update RH 14/06/07 99.1 New format. KLL 30/03/99

06.1

Footer updated to show change to file location due to office relocation KS 05/12/06

07.8 6.2.1 First Paragraph added 22.11.07 6.2.1 Paragraph beginning with “Sawcuts” and the

next 3 paragraphs have been added 22.11.07 08.1 Formatting changes only NS 16.01.2008

Rev

Details

Initiating Engineer

Date

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6.1 Extent of Works Work to be as indicated on the Drawings or in Volume 1 Scope of Works. Works may include concrete footings, bases, slabs, paving, drainage pits and sumps, kerbs and plinths for buildings, signs and equipment. Provide for all necessary formwork and reinforcement, with all necessary concrete finishes.

6.2 General All concrete work shall comply with the relevant Australian Standards, the design consultant’s details and this specification.

6.2.1 Before placing concrete

(Rev.07.8) The Contractor shall use Caltex site excavation and concrete cutting procedures prior to cutting and/or jack hammering concrete pavement. Procedure: “Site Excavation Procedure 200106”, and Concrete Cutting, Breaking, and Drilling. Before placing concrete, the Contractor shall: • ensure that all services under concrete have been installed. This shall

include services provided under Associated Separate Contracts and by Local Authorities. No service conduits shall be laid to run within either building or driveway slabs.

• give 24 hour notice to the Superintendent so that all preparation work can be inspected and approved.

• meet any relevant local authority’s Condition of Approval requirements. (Rev 07.8) Sawcuts of concrete pavements shall be undertaken in regular rectangular

patterns uniformly spaced, as required to allow for the removal of the minimum amount of concrete to achieve the works. The proportion of the remaining concrete between joints and cuts should not exceed a ratio of 2:1. Sawcutting shall be 10mm nominal width full depth of the concrete element, with no overruns at corners. All sawcuts must be conducted safely, in particular with respect use of mechanical equipment working in hazardous zones, runoff from cutting fluid & water must be bunded collected and legally disposed of off site. Breaking out shall be undertaken with mechanical or hand equipment of suitable size for the area required to be broken out. Breaking out shall occur to neatly to the sawcuts so as to minimise dust and disruption to the site. Where larger areas of concrete are to be removed, removal shall occur from existing joint to joint. Where possible reinforcement shall be worked around to provide continuity between repair and existing concrete.

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6.2.2 Ready mix concrete Unless otherwise approved by the Superintendent, all concrete shall be Ready-Mixed Concrete from an approved concrete batch plant. No additional water is to be added after mixing and supply from the batch plant. No concrete that has been mixed for more than 45 minutes shall be placed in the works. Porous sub grades shall be well wetted but not soaked immediately prior to placement of concrete.

6.2.3 During placement of concrete During placement, a minimum of one "pencil" vibrator or a vibrating screed board is to be used to achieve adequate concrete compaction. Take EXTREME CARE when using electric or petrol engine driven vibrators on previously operating and/or currently operating sites. Refer to Section 1 for details regarding hazardous zones on service stations and to the Superintendent for details of work permit requirements. Ensure that all underground pipework is suitably protected to prevent both physical damage and ingress of concrete. Ensure also that all finished surfaces are protected from splashing during placement of concrete.

6.2.4 Concrete Pavements Replacement of concrete pavements shall be undertaken in a uniform manner. Existing pavements shall be saw cut at junctions between existing and new works, allow to blend in alignment and level over 2m. Finished pavements levels shall adjoin abutting items and pavement levels and grade uniformly between. Finished surfaces shall deviate not more than 5mm from a 3 metre straight edge placed on the surface, and be such that no ponding of water occurs. Replaced concrete pavements shall be N32 garde, 4mpa flexural strength concrete, with a 150mm min thickness reinforced with SL92 mesh top.

6.3 Concrete Quality

6.3.1 Performance Unless otherwise detailed and specified, concrete used in the works shall be of the following grades and conform to parameters set out in the following table.

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Works

Minimum Strength

MPa Grade

Max. Agg. Size (mm

)

Max. W/C

Ratio

Min.

Cement Content (kg/m3)

Max.

Slump (mm)

General Mass concrete, drainage structures

20 compression

20

0.65

270

90

Structural, slab on ground, kerbs, footings

25 compression

20

0.6

280

80

Car wash slab on ground, suspended slabs, paving slabs

32 compression (4# Flexure)

20

0.55

280

60

Structural pre-cast wall panels

40 compression

20

0.55

280

60

Blended cements containing fly ash and/or ground slag shall be accepted provided the proportions are within the limits set in the Australian Standard and the above criteria for the mix are met. # Compressive strength grade equivalents for 4 MPa flexural strength - 40 MPa compressive using blended cement, 32 MPa compressive using ordinary Portland cement only. Slump figures quoted are maximum values. The value quoted shall not be exceeded.

6.3.2 Concrete supplier Fourteen (14) days before first placement, the Contractor shall supply a list of proposed reputable suppliers for the supply of concrete to be used in the Works to the Superintendent

6.3.3 Concrete testing The Contractor shall bear the cost of all testing, and of removal and replacement of all rejected concrete. Tests shall be carried out by a NATA registered laboratory for concrete testing and conform to the requirements set out below:-

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i) Strength testing:

Sample, test and assess to AS 3600 Section 20 and AS 1012 Section 9 for compressive strength.

ii) Testing for other quality parameters: Sample, test and assess to AS 1379 Section 5. Slump test not less than one sample from each batch before placing concrete from that batch in the work. Take the samples at the point of discharge on site. Remove rejected concrete from the site.

iii) Sample tests for ready mixed concrete These shall be as follows: 1 truck - 1 sample 2 trucks - 2 samples 2-5 trucks - 2 samples 6-10 trucks - 3 samples

11-20 trucks - 4 samples and for each additional 10 trucks - 1 sample.

6.3.4 Materials (i) Cement

Cement shall be best Portland Type A cement and free from fly ash or other fillers unless otherwise specified or approved in writing by the Superintendent.

(ii) Fine aggregate Fine aggregate shall consist of clean, hard, durable grains of natural sand, free from salt, clay, silt, screened gravel and other impurities.

(iii) Coarse aggregate Coarse aggregate shall consist of clean, hard, durable, uncoated pieces of crushed stone, gravel or crushed gravel, 20mm gauge graded down to 7mm gauge, free from quarry dust and other impurities.

(iv) Coloured surface finishes and sealants These shall be applied to the areas specified and/or shown on the Drawings. Coating mix proportions and/or application rates shall be strictly maintained to obtain uniformity of colour finish. Refer Clause 6.12.5 for details and method of application.

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(v) Admixtures

These shall only be used when specified or as otherwise approved by the Superintendent. Full details of admixtures shall be supplied with Mix Design.

(vi) Reinforcement Refer Clause 6.6.

(vii) Waterproofing membrane Waterproofing membranes to areas as indicated on the drawings shall be I.C.I. "Fortecon" 0.2mm sheet, or approved equivalent.

(Rev 07.6) (viii) Coloured concrete mix concrete shall be batched and prepared off site to the colour, cement, aggregate and mix specified.

6.3.5 Curing All structural concrete, paving concrete, kerbs and concrete mixes incorporating blended cements shall be cured for a minimum of seven (7) days. All other concrete shall be cured for a minimum of four (4) days. Duration to be counted over days or part thereof, not necessarily consecutive, during which the temperature of the air in contact with the concrete is above 10 degrees C. Curing shall be by one of the methods below. If there is evidence that the Contractor has not suitably cured any concrete works, there shall be an immediate deduction of $1000.00 from the contract sum, for each proven non-conformance. Additionally, the Contractor may be required to test the suspect area to prove compliance with material specifications and/or remove and replace the suspect concrete. Loading of any concrete works shall not be permitted before completion of the minimum curing period. Loading to paving over underground tanks shall not be permitted for a further three (3) days after curing is complete. Immediately after initial set of concrete and finishing operations have concluded, curing of the concrete shall commence using one of the following methods: (i) Application of a curing compound:

Paving slabs shall be cured using materials that comply with: • AS 3799 Class B Resin-based Curing Compound, conforming to

Type 1D or Type 2 or • Class C Chlorinated Rubber Curing Compound, conforming to Type 1D.

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Curing compound shall be applied using a fine spray, in two applications: • the first application shall be immediately after finishing operations

and • the second application shall be 15 to 30 minutes later. Each application shall be at the rate stated by the manufacturer for the prevailing atmospheric conditions of temperature and wind velocity. Application rate, per coat, shall not be less than 0.2L/m2. Compounds shall be resprayed within three (3) hours of heavy rain that occurs during the curing period. Care shall be taken in the selection and use of compounds on structural concrete slabs which form substrates to toppings and other finishes, e.g. tiles/vinyl sheet, as they can affect bonding of the topping. Chlorinated rubber curing compounds should not be used in these situations.

(ii) Continuous moist curing, membrane assisted: Water down concrete surface and cover entire surface with unbroken plastic sheeting. The sheeting must be continuously anchored along all edges to prevent moisture escape. Maintain moist concrete surface for minimum curing period.

(iii) Continuous moist curing, hessian assisted: Water down concrete surface and cover entire surface with hessian sheeting. The hessian must be continuously anchored along all edges with sand to prevent the sheet being dislodged. Maintain moist concrete surface for minimum curing period. If there is any delay after initial set and before curing is effected, the surface of the concrete shall be kept continuously damp by means of a water fog or mist applied with approved equipment.

(Rev 07.6) (iv) Hot weather precautions: Take suitable precautions in hot weather.

6.4 Gravel Base Course Material

6.4.1 Material Source(s) Crushed rock or natural gravel: • consisting of hard, dense, durable particles of uniform quality • free from sand, harmful materials or coatings, including clay and

organic matter • containing not more than 1% of disintegrated, weathered, discoloured,

soft, fractured, friable or poorly indurated fragments.

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If the material is produced by crushing rounded river stones, 75% of the particles larger than 9.5 mm shall have not less than two fractured faces. Crusher run or screened, recombined materials are acceptable.

6.4.2 Material Properties Specified properties of materials apply to their condition as installed in the completed Works. Where it is expected that properties will change significantly during construction, adjust the delivered material accordingly.

6.4.3 Particle Size Distribution After compaction in the pavement, particle size distribution shall be as follows:

Table A - Particle size distribution after compaction:

Sieve aperture (mm)

Percentage passing (by mass)

26.5 19.0 13.2 9.5 4.75 2.36

0.425 0.075

100

95 – 100 78 – 92 63 – 83 44 – 64 30 – 48 14 – 12 6 – 10

Other required properties: See Table B.

Table B - Other required base properties: Limits stated for tests are as detailed in the relevant Australian Standard(s).

Property

Test limit

Liquid limit Plasticity index Linear shrinkage Flakiness index Wet strength Wet/Dry strength variation Unconfined cohesion

25% maximum 6% maximum 3% maximum 35% maximum 100 kN minimum 35% maximum 1.7 MPa minimum

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Table C - Fine Crushed Rock particle size distribution table:

Sieve aperture (mm)

A

B

C

26.5 19.0 13.2 9.5 4.75 2.36 0.425 0.075

100 85 - 100 70 - 90 60 - 80 42 - 65 28 - 50 14 - 24 5 - 10

100 85 - 100 70 - 90 48 - 72 34 - 60 14 - 34 6 - 20

100 70 - 90 48 - 72 19 - 42 9 - 25

6.4.4 Tolerances (Rev 07.6) The concrete tolerances shall be as specified in AS 3600 and AS 3610.

6.5 Formwork & Dimensional Tolerances (Rev 99.1) Concrete surface finishes and quality are to be as set out in AS 3610,

Section 3. All Tables referenced below are from AS 3610. The types shall be generally as listed below:

Item Finish Colour Uniformity

Buried structures Class 5 N/A such as pile caps, foundation beams, outside face of pits, etc

Surface to be rendered Class 4 N/A

Surfaces exposed as off form Class 3 Table 3.6.1 (AS 3610) finish or painted off form finish such as drainage structures, walls, kerbs etc. Surfaces not otherwise specifically listed.

Surfaces of precast elements Class 2 Table 3.6.1 (AS 3610)

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Dimensioned tolerances for all classes of work shall be as set out in Table 3.4.2. (AS 3610) In addition, precast elements shall also conform to the requirements of Table 3.4.3 (AS 3610), whichever is the more stringent.

6.6 Reinforcement (Rev 07.6) Reinforcing bars generally shall be Grade D500N to AS 4671 grade high

strength deformed bars, unless otherwise specified or detailed. Mesh reinforcement shall be welded high tensile steel fabric. Reinforcement shall be lapped not less than two (2) wires at all splices, tied at each intersection with 1.2mm annealed black iron wire. Trench mesh shall be welded hard drawn steel fabric. Unless otherwise indicated, reinforcement to be supported with 6mm diameter M.S. stirrups at 900mm maximum centres. Bar chairs must be used. All bar chairs, lapped joints and stirrups must be tied in position before the concrete is placed. In slabs, bar chairs with chair bases shall be provided to support mesh reinforcement at maximum 1000mm grid spacing.

6.7 Cover Cover to reinforcement shall comply with the requirements of AS 3600, for the exposure condition of the particular structural elements. This shall be shown on the Drawings. In the absence of site specific information, cover shall not be less than that noted in Clause 6.11.

6.8 Footings Build in all holding down bolts for structural steelwork, sign pylons, floodlight poles, etc and set down footings for services where required, including drainage lines on filled ground. Check for drift and correct any misplacement to bolt cages during placement. Ensure that bases to signs and floodlights are at least 50mm above finished levels of surrounding areas. After steelwork has been erected, aligned and plumbed, grout in bases with approved non-shrinking grout. Grease and protect threads of holding down bolts, prior to placing concrete.

6.9 Raft (Building) Slab Place reinforced concrete raft slab, and beams as designed and detailed on Drawings. Provide 50mm compacted sand bed above formation level. Cover this with waterproof membrane, lapped and taped to prevent moisture entering and leaving the slab. Support reinforcement on bar chairs with chair bases to prevent damage to membrane.

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Where slabs abut onto walls, columns or edges of existing slabs, provide expansion or isolation joints as detailed on Drawings. Allow for variations in thicknesses of floor finishes. Floor slabs shall be finished to the required levels, with a tolerance of 3mm deviation from a 3m straight edge. Screed slab surface by approved means to finished levels. Finish screeded surface with approved power driven equipment to a uniform smooth texture. Hand float in locations inaccessible to the machine float.

6.10 Floors, Ramps, Paths and Plinths

Floors On prepared areas, pour concrete floors to required thickness as detailed in Drawings. Allow for variations in thickness of floor finishes. Where new concrete floors are to be poured on top of existing floor slabs: • all existing floor finishes and toppings are to be removed and the slab

cleaned and scabbled • apply proprietary bonding agent to scabbled surface and fix any

specified reinforcing • pour concrete to achieve required floor levels as detailed in Drawings.

Ramps and paths Provide ramp at salesroom entrance, suitably ramped (sloped) for wheelchair access. For sites without shop front parking, shop and forecourt levels shall be so arranged that the level difference at the door does not exceed 100mm. Where car parking is provided, not parallel to the shop front: • a raised concrete path/merchandising area and kerb shall be provided

for the full length of the shop. • the salesroom door access ramp shall reach the shop floor level at the

kerb line, not the edge of the floor slab.

Plinths Provide plinths at the fuel dispensers, as detailed on the Standard Drawings. Pour plinth as a separate pour to the paving. Provide adequate ties to main slab and incorporate all required pump bases and service facilities. Provide form raised concrete plinths and slabs where indicated on the Drawings, for ice machines, bulk oil tanks, hot water system, and other ancillary equipment.

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6.11 External Paving

6.11.1 Paving (Driveway) Gravel base course (Refer to the Standard Drawing) (a) For all trafficable slabs over underground tanks:

• Provide a base course of 4% cement stabilised sand, 100mm thick. • Material shall be premixed and delivered to site by concrete

agitator truck. This is required as compaction equipment cannot be operated over the tanks.

• Complete the compaction and surface grading of tank backfill before placing this base course material.

(b) For all trafficable slabs, except over the underground tanks: • Provide a 100mm thick layer of 20mm fine crushed rock compacted

to 95% modified maximum dry density (MDD-M). • Before placing this base course material, compact the subgrade in

accordance with Clause 4.7. (c) For all pedestrian slabs:

• Provide a 50mm thick layer of 20mm fine crushed rock compacted to 95% MDD-M.

• Before placing this base course material, compact the subgrade in accordance with Clause 4.7.

Concrete paving (driveway) slabs Place all reinforced concrete slabs to layout details and levels indicated on the Drawings. (a) Slabs over underground tanks:

• Shall be 175mm thick, with two (2) layers of SL95 mesh. • Cover to reinforcement shall be minimum 50mm to top of the slab. • Slabs shall extend a minimum of one metre beyond the line of the

tank excavation. (b) Service station forecourt slabs: These shall be 150mm thick with a single layer of SL95 mesh, centrally located.

(c) Carwash slabs These shall be as for forecourt slabs.

(d) Footpaths: • Footpath slabs shall be 100mm thick with 1 layer of F62 mesh. • Cover to mesh shall be 40mm from bottom of the slab.

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6.11.2 Street Paving Works Construct footpath crossings to council standards, where indicated, under the direction and supervision of the Local Council Authorities. The Contractor shall take out all permits and pay all fees and deposits. Where no council standard exists, construct crossing as for forecourt slabs. Provide kerb returns and dished crossing to Authority requirements. Make good all footpaths. Construct new footpath paving slabs, median strips, kerbs and gutters where indicated to council requirements.

6.11.3 Kerbs Form and pour raised kerbs, 150 mm H x 150 mm W, in conjunction with driveway slabs. Provide reinforcement to the kerb, as detailed in Standard Drawings. Sides to be plumb and straight and conform in section as detailed in Standard Drawings. Finish to be carried over kerb to adjoining driveway with a tooled 25mm struck radius. Top edge to be tooled to 13mm radius. At crossovers, taper down at extremities. Kerb to meet driveway for a distance of 1000mm. Unreinforced slip-form kerbs shall be accepted as pavement edging, provided a standard kerb and gutter form is used.

6.11.4 Bollards Build galvanised steel pipe bollards into slabs, as indicated on Standard Drawings, to finish: • 1200mm above slab level • approximately 500mm from pumps and • located approximately 100mm beyond line of pump face. Anchor each bollard in a mass concrete footing, fill bollards with concrete and suitably cap. (Refer Standard Drawings).

6.12 Concrete Finishes & Surface Treatments

6.12.1 Driveway, footpaths & ramp All natural coloured driveway paving slabs, footpaths and shop access ramp shall have a broom finish with edge tool margins.

6.12.2 “Black” colour The "black" concrete slabs shall have the following finishes: Forecourt and parking* - steel coving trowel

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Workshop floor and cove - steel coving trowel Building plinth and pump islands - smooth steel trowel All slabs to be finished with edge tool margins. *area within canopy roof line including link canopy to shop.

6.12.3 Kerbs Natural coloured concrete kerbs shall have smooth steel trowel finish.

6.12.4 Building floor slab (Rev 97.1) Areas for tile finish - power float

Areas for sheet vinyl/carpet or no other finish - smooth steel trowel Coolroom and/or freezer room - power float The coolroom and freezer room floors shall: • be coated with Durafloor HP Pastel Gray in colour • have medium Durafloor HP Grit broad cast in to the trafficable areas

only, not under the front display shelving or rear storage area. The material shall be applied strictly in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and in strict conformity with the essential precautions detailed therein.

Only a pigmented surface treatment shall be applied, to visually indicate that the floor sealing has been completed.

6.12.5 "Black" surface treatment A mix of the following proportions shall be applied to the wet screeded concrete, well worked in and then finished as detailed in the Standard Drawings: - 1 volume coarse river sand - 1 volume cement - ½ to ¼ volume oxide. After curing: • the black surface shall be sealed with Nitoflor FC 120 HB or approved

equivalent. alternatively • a proprietary, premixed, monolithic floor finish may be used to create

the black surface finish. Fosroc, Nitoflor, Sicaltop or approved equivalent, may be used for this application. Where the Nitoflor product is selected, it shall be applied at a rate not less than 3.0 kg/m2. All application, finishing and curing procedures shall be carried out strictly in accordance with the manufacturer’s written instructions. After curing, the surface shall be sealed with Nitoflor FC 120 high build - black - all in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.

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6.13 Grated and/or Slot Drains, Pits and Sumps Construct surface drains, sumps and pits to detail provided in Drawings. Provide Isolation Joints around sumps and pits. Set in concrete grating bearer/surround frames. (Refer Section 12). Prefabricated sumps and pits may be approved in place of cast-in-situ units. Provide 50mm compacted sand bed to required levels.

6.14 Joints

6.14.1 General (Rev 97.1) All joints shall conform to the details, and shall be constructed in the

locations shown on the Drawings: • For typical paving joint details, refer Standard Drawings. • For minor paving works where no project specific drawings are

provided, the paving shall be constructed in accordance with the following general guidelines and the Company's Standard Drawings.

(i) Keyed Construction Joints (KJ) shall be formed to detail and set 5m maximum apart with adjacent paving strips not being placed less than 24 hours apart. Placing of concrete shall be continuous between keyed joints.

(ii) Saw cut joints (SC) shall be formed every 4 metres maximum, perpendicular to the keyed construction joints.

(iii) Expansion Joints (EJ) shall be formed at a maximum of 15m centres in the paving, perpendicular to the key joints or between old and new slabs

Confirm all details with the Superintendent prior to commencement of works.

6.14.2 Joint Details

(Rev 97.1) (i) Keyed (Construction) Joints (KJ) If it is not possible to complete the pour, because of an interruption to the concrete supply, an additional expansion joint shall be installed. Such additional expansion joint shall be constructed at: • the location of a planned saw cut or • at other locations as approved by the Superintendent. Dowels or tie bars shall NOT be installed in keyed joints

(ii) Sawcut (Contraction) Joints (SC) Where saw cut joints are specified, the Contractor shall have at least one approved concrete saw in working order on site at the times when concreting is in progress. Sawing operations shall be carried out as required during the day or night, regardless of weather conditions.

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Sawing of the joints shall commence: • as early as possible and • when the concrete has hardened sufficiently to permit cutting it

without excessive chipping, spalling or tearing. Not withstanding this, sawing shall be complete within 12 hours of completing concrete placement. Sawing shall not cut reinforcing mesh or bars.

(iii) Expansion Joints (E.J.) Expansion joints shall be formed by means of preformed filler material. The filler shall: • only be installed after the concrete on one face of the joint has

hardened. • be fitted tightly together; attached to the hardened concrete with

approved adhesive; and held in line to ensure continuity and prevent any concrete from entering the expansion space.

Dowels shall be provided in expansion joints. Dowels shall be rigidly aligned to ensure that individual dowels do not deviate by more than 1mm in 100mm from their specified alignment, both horizontally and vertically. Expansion joints shall be formed: • about structures and features that project through, into, or against

the pavement • using joint filler of the type, thickness, and width as indicated, and

installed in such a manner as to form a complete, uniform separation between the structure and the pavement.

(iv) Isolation Joint (IJ) These joints are provided to isolate: • adjacent slabs where required or • a slab from pits or sumps within the slab or • a slab where it abuts a fixed structure such as a wall. The joints shall be formed by: • adhering preformed joint filler to the hardened joint face • ensuring continuity to prevent any concrete from entering the joint,

then • sealing. Stop reinforcement 50mm from joint face.

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6.14.3 Joint Filler (Rev 97.1) Joint filler shall be "Hydrocor" self expanding cork as manufactured by

Fosroc or approved equivalent. It shall be installed strictly in accordance with the manufacturer's written instructions. Bitumen impregnated fillers shall not be used on service station sites.

6.14.4 Joint Sealants Joint sealant shall be a two (2) pot polysulphide material, equal to Thioflex 600, as manufactured by Fosroc. Alternatively a single pot polyurethane sealant, Dow Corning 888 or approved equivalent may be used. Joint cleaning and preparation, and sealant preparation and application shall be strictly in accordance with the manufacture's written instructions.

6.15 Pump Bases, Tank Anchors, and Fill and Dip Points, Pump bases For installation of new bases in existing site conditions: • build in prefabricated petrol pump bases a minimum of 40mm above

surrounding finished paving levels, and • grade down to surrounding pavement. For installation of new bases in new site conditions: • refer Standard Drawings. Tank anchors Tank anchors shall be formed in accordance with the details on the Standard Drawing. Fill and Dip Points Build in cover plate frames to valve pits, dip, fill, vapour recovery and cathodic protection points: • 20mm above surrounding finished paving levels, and • graded away to meet the general level of surrounding driveway.

6.16 Settlement Pit (for Car Wash) Construct reclamation pit as detailed on the Standard Drawings, in conjunction with relevant details as described in Section 29 (Car Wash Installation).

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