SECTION 3 SAFE WORK PRACTICES - GRD Construction ltd · Section 3 – Safe Work Practices Page | 2...

G R D Construction Ltd. We strive for excellence in all that we do

Section 3 – Safe Work Practices Page | 1 GRD Construction Ltd. [email protected]

SECTION 3 – SAFE WORK PRACTICES

CONTENTS

Safe Work Practice Policy 3

Annual Review of Safe work Practices Form 4

Safe Work Practices 5

Cable Clips and Clamping Wire Rope 6

How to apply Clamp Wire Rope 7

Installation of Wire Rope Clips 8

Chains Saws 9

Cleaning and Flammable Solvents 10

Compressed Air 11

Compressed Gas Cylinders 12

Cranes 13

Defective Tools 14

Electric Chop Saw 15

Equipment & Machinery 18

Explosive/Powder Actuating Tools 19

Fiberglass Insulation 20

Fire Protection and Prevention 21

Know your Fire Extinguishers 22

Forklifts 23

Grinding 24

Guardrails 25

Hand held Circular saws 26

Hand Tools 27

Hoisting 28



House Keeping 29

Jack Hammering/Chizzling 30

Ladders 31

Material Handling and Storage 33

Pneumatic Tools 34

Portable Grinder with Zip Cutting Disks 36

Portable Grinders with Zip Cutting Disks 37

Power Tools 38

Propane 38

Rigging 39

Tiger Torches 40

Vehicle and Mobile Equipment 41

Welding, Cutting and Burning 43

Hand Signals 45

Scaffolding 47

Ergonomics 48

Stretching Basics 56



SAFE WORK PRACTICE POLICY

GRD Construction Ltd. Policy is that all employees are properly instructed in the safe performance of

their duties. The company will determine which safe work practices are needed and whether they are

being followed by; reviewing inspection records and incident investigation records, observing jobs and

evaluating workers and management suggestions.

GRD Construction Ltd. will be continuously responsible for the revision and development of safe work

practices.

Supervisory staff is responsible for ensuring worker understanding of, and compliance with general safe

work practices.

Note: The information in this policy does not take precedence over applicable government legislation,

with which all employees should be familiar.

Date – August 1 2013 Bobby Janjua – CEO GRD Construction Ltd.



ANNUAL REVIEW OF SAFE WORK PRACTICES FORM

Safe Work Practices Development Review Review

Date By Whom

Date By Whom

Date By Whom

M D Y M D Y M D Y



SAFE WORK PRACTICES

GRD Construction Ltd. strives to complete work efficiently, on time and SAFELY. To help accomplish this,

we have developed specific safe work procedures for common and uncommon construction site

activities.

The company has put them in writing

Made them available to all employees by keeping a copy at each work site

Provided safe equipment and material to work with

Required that supervision enforce the use of and compliance with these safe work practices

It is to be noted here that not all situations can be addressed in this manual as they are varied and could

require specific practices for specific situations encountered. In compiling these safe work practices, the

following reference material was consulted to ensure accuracy:

The regulating authority having jurisdiction regarding safety legislation

Recognized safety procedures manuals

Health hazard data books

Employees and worker input and contributions.

All supervisors will be familiar with this section and shall utilize the practices listed for purpose of

training workers.



CABLES CLIPS & CLAMPING WIRE ROPE

General:

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper usage of clips and clamping wire rope.

1. Wire thimble to the rope at the desired point, then band the rope around the thimble and secure

temporarily by wiring the rope members together.

2. First attach the clips farther from the thimble and tighten (be sure that base of the saddle rests

upon the live end of the rope and the “U” bolts on the short end. All clips must be attached in the

same manner.

3. The clip nearest the thimble goes on next. Do not tighten yet. If one or more addition clips are to

be attached, place them at equal distance apart between the clips already attached.

4. Before tightening, place some stress on the rope to take up the slack and equalize tension on both

sides of the slip. (Do not apply too much stress or the slip attached in step 1 will not hold). Tighten

all clips to recommended torque. See next page.



CHAINS SAW

General:

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper usage of chainsaws. Chain saws will

comply with CSA Standards Z62.1-M-77.

Key Safe Practices:

1. The proper personal protective equipment to be used is set out bu the manufacture and

occupational Health & Safety Legislation.

2. Fueling of the saw must be done in well ventilated area and not while the saw is running or hot.

3. An approved safety container must be use to contain the fuel use along with a proper spout or

funnel for pouring.

4. The correct methode of starting, holding and carrying or storage of the saw as directed by the

manufacturer must be used.

5. Ensure the chain brake is functioning properly and adequately stops the chain.

6. The chain must be sharp, have the correct tension and be adequatley lubricated.

7. When carring/transporting a chain saw, the bar guard must be in place, the chain bar must be

toward the back and the motor be shut off.

8. The chain saw must not be used for cutting above shoulder height.



CLEANING AND FLAMMABLE SOLVENTS

General

Preventing accidents and incident associated with the improper usage cleaning and flammable solvents.

Supervisors must be aware of all solvents/flammable material that are used on the job and be sure that

all workers who use these material have been instructed in their proper use and any hazards they pose.

Key Safe Practices

1. Use nonflammable solvents for general cleaning

2. When flammable liquids are used, make sure that no hot work is permitted in the area.

3. Store flammable material and solvents in special storage areas away from heat, spark, flame and

direct rays of sun.

4. Check all toxic hazards of all solvents before use (MSDS)

5. Provide adequate ventilation where all solvents and flammable material are bring used.

6. Use goggles or face sheilds to pretect the face and eyes from splashes or sprays.

7. Use rubber gloves to protect the hands.

8. Wear protective clothing to prevent contaminated of workers clothes.

9. When breathing hazards exists. Use the appropriate respiratory protection

10. Never leave solvents in open tubs or vats – return them to storage drums or tanks.

11. Ensure that proper containers are used for transportation, storage and field use of

solvents/flammable material.

12. Where solvents are controlled products ensure all employees, using or in the vicinity of use or

storage, are trained and certified in the work place hazard materials information system. Ensure all

WHIMIS requirements are met.



COMPRESSED AIR

General

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper usage of compressed air. Air powered

tools in construction range stapling guns to jack hammers. If not treated with respect the tools can

become a powerful enemy rather that a servant.

Key Safe Practices

1. Compressor air must not be used to blow debris or to clear dirt from any workers clothes.

2. Ensure that air pressure has been turned off and the line pressure relieved before chain/ cable.

3. All hose connections must be of the quick disconnect pressure release type with a “safety

chain/cable”

4. Wear personal protective equipment such as eye protection and face shields and ensure other

workers in the area are made aware or have restricted access to the hazard area.

5. Hoses must be check on a regular basis for cuts, bulges or other damage. Ensure that defective

hoses are repaired or replaced.

6. A proper pressure regulator and relief device must be in the system to ensure that the correct

desired pressures are maintained.

7. The correct air supple hose must be used for the tool/equipment being used.

8. The equipment must be properly maintained according to the manufactures requirements.

9. Follow manufactured general instructions and comply with legislation and safety requirements.



COMPRESSED GAS CYLINDERS

General:

Preventing accidents and incident associated with the improper usage and storage of compressed gas

cylinders.

Key Safe Practices:

1. Cylinders must at all times, be strapped or chained to prevent falling over.

2. Cylinders must be allowed to drop or bump together during transport.

3. Cylinders must where practical be kept on end. Acetylene cylinders placed in a horizontal position

must stand in a verticle position for at least one hour prior to use

4. Cylinders must not be placed near excessive heat

5. Sparks, molten metal, electrical currant or flames must not be allowed to come in contact with

cylinders or their attachment

6. Oxygen cylinders and their fitting must not come in contact with grease or oil , including that from

hands, gloves or clothing.

7. Oxagen must never be used as a subsitute for compressed air.

8. Empty cylinders must have the pressure regulator removed, the valve closed tightly, the protecting

cap put on (unless integral guards are provided) and be marked empty.

9. NO SMOKING near or around cylinders.



CRANES

General

Preventing accidents and incident associated with the improper usage and /or operation of cranes.

Key Safe Practices:

1. The operator shall inspect and test his equipment at the beginingof each shift and report any

discrepancies.

2. When equipment is used in hoisting operation, a standard signal system shall be used. Signals shall

be given only by the designated signalman. The signal code shall be conspicuously posted adjacent

to the signalman and operators location. Electical or mechanical signal systems shall be used in

cases where the signal cannot be observed by the operator.

3. Safe load capacity and traveling speed shall be posted on all equipment and shall not be exceeded.

4. Equipment shall maintain a minimun clearance of 10 feet from high-voltage lines unless the current

has been shut off or the equipment has been adequatley guarded

5. All equipment shapp be provided with a braking system adequate control tge movement and to

stop and hold the equipment under all conditions of service.

6. Certified crane operation only are permitted to run this machines

7. Riding on equipment is perhibited

8. Getting on or off an equipment while it is in motion in prohibited

9. Riding on loads, hooks, hammers, material hoists and buckets is prohibited

10. Loads, booms, buckets ect. Shall not be swung over the heads of the workmen

11. While a load is suspended from a crane, hoist, forklift, gantry, or carried on an elevator platform,

the operator shall not leave his position at the controls until the load has been landed, or platform

has been returned to ground level.

12. Accessible areas within the tail swing radius of cranes shall be barricaded.

13. No modification or addition which affect the capacity of safe oepration of the equipment shall be

made to any crane without written approval of the manifacture.



DEFECTIVE TOOLS

General

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the use of defective tools.

Defective tools can cause serious and painful injuries. If a tool is defective in some way.

DO NOT USE

Key Safe Practices:

To ensure safe use of hand tools, remember

1. Never use a defective tool

2. Double-check all tools proir to use

3. Ensure defective tools are either repaired or replaced

4. Be aware of problems like:

Chisels and wedges with mushroomed heads.

Split or cracked handles

Chipped or broken drill bits

Wrenches with worn out jaws

Tools that is not complete, such as files without handles

To ensure safe and proper use of power tools, remember.

1. Do not sure power tools when the are defective in any way

2. Do not use power tools without proper instructions.

3. Double check all tools proir to use.

4. Be aware of problems like:

Borken, inoperative or modified guards

Insufficient or improper grounding due to damage on double insulation tools.

No ground wire (on plug) or cords or standard tools.

The on/off switch not in good working order

Tool blade is cracked

The wrong grinder wheel being used on the tool

The guard had been wedged back on a power saw.



ELECTRIC CHOP SAW

General

The following practices should enable the person responsible for the Chop Saw and the person(s) who

actually uses this equipment, to anticipate and avoid operational hazards. The person responsible for

the equipment must ensure that all users understand these directs and adhere to them.

Key Safe Practices:

1. Conduct a document hazard assessment before using this equipment.

2. The operation shall inspect the chop saw unit at the beginning of each use and report any

discrepancies to supervisor.

3. The operation shall refer to and not operate chip saw unit they fully understand safety directions,

precautions and safe operation methods described in the user manual.

4. The operator shall refer the chop saw unit is used in accordance with instructions and/or without

written approval from the manufacture.

5. No modifactions of this equipment which will affect the capicity of safe operation shall be done

without written approval from the manufacture.

6. Do not operate this chop saw in damp, wet or poorly lit conditions.

7. Do not abuse the cord. Never use the cord to carry the tool. Replace damaged cords immediately or

take out of service till it can be replaced

8. Do not operate this chop saw in explosive atmostpheres, such as in the presence of flammable

liquids, gas or dust

9. Always plug this power tool into a properly installed and grounded outlet

10. Extension cords must be sufficient gauge for it length and when working outdoors, use an outdoor

rated extension cord.

11. Dress properly. Do not wear loose clothing or jewlery. Keep your hair, clothing and gloves away

from moving parts.

12. PPE – always wear appropriate eye, hearing and hand protection.

13. Respiratory protection: use approved dust masks that are specially designated to filter out

microscopin particles – some dust created by this saw might contain chemicals known to cause

cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm. Your ricks from these exposures varies

depending what you are cutting and on how often you do the type of work.

14. Secure work area – use clamps or vise to hold the work. It is safer than using you hands and it frees

both hands to operate the tool.

15. Do not over reach – keep proper footing and balance at all times. Never reach across or over

machines that are running.

16. Do not cut electrically live material, wood or plastic with this tool



CHOP SAW - USE AND CARE

1. Do not force or attachment to do a job for which it was not designed

2. Maintain the chop saw with care, keep tools sharp and clean for best and safest

performance. Follow manufacture’s instructions for lubricating and changed accessories.

Tool service must be performed only by qualified repair personal.

3. Use only accessories that are recommended by the manufacture for your make and model.

4. Disconnect tools before servicing and/or whencharging accessories, such as blades, bits,

cutters and the like.

5. Keep handles dry, clean and free from oil and grease.

6. Avoid unitentioal starting – be sure the switch is in the OFF position before plugged in.

7. Remove adjusting keys and wrenches – form a habit of checking to see that keys and

adjusting wrenches are removed from tool before turning it on.

8. Do not use tool if it cannot be switched ON and OFF.

9. Always disconnect the plug from power before making any adjustments, changing

attachments or accessories.

10. Check for damaged parts before using this tool, any part that is damaged should be carefully

checked to determine that it will operate properly and perform its intended function safely.

Check aligment of moving parts, binding of moving parts, breakage of parts, mounting and

any other conditions that may affect its operation. A guard or other part that is damaged

should be properly repaired or replaced.

11. Before using, inspect each cutting wheel for cracks or flaws. If a crack or flaw is evident –

discard wheel. The wheel should also be inspected whenever you think the tool may have

been dropped.

12. When starting the chop saw, (with new or replaced wheel installed) place saw in a well

protected area. If the wheel has an undetected crack or flaw, it should burst in less that one

minute. Never start the saw with a person in line of the wheel, this includes the operator.

13. During operation, avoid bouncing the wheel or giving it rough treatment. If this occurs, stop

the saw and inspect the wheel.

14. Direction of feed – feed work into a blade or cutter against the direction of rotation of the

blade or cutter only.

15. Stay alert! Watch what you are foinf and use common sense. Do not operate tool if you are

tired.

16. Use only with guard in place – the guard protects you the operator from cutting debris as

well as from broken pieces of the blade should it breal during use.

17. If making a cut using one hand to hold the saw, unsure the free hand is clear of cutting area

18. Never leave tool running unattended. Turn power off and don’t leavetool until it comes to a

complete stop.



19. Always use the vise or special fixture to clamp work securely. Other aids such as the spring,

bar or C-clamps may be appropriate for certain sizes and shapes of work pieces, use care in

selecting and placing these clamps and make a dry run before making a cut.

20. Allow cut off parts to cool before handling.

21. Never cut magnesuim with this tool

22. Turn shop sazw off before removing any pieces from the base.



EQUIPMENT & MACHINERY

GENERAL:

Preventing accidents and incident associated with the improper usage and/or operation of equipment

and machinery.

KEY SAFE PRACTICES:

1. Do not operate any equipment or machinery that you are not familiar with and have no received

training on.

2. Operating equipment or machinery only with all factory installed or approved guards and control

devices in place,

3. Check all the guards and control devices prior to use.

4. Inspect equipment for defects or changes in condition at the beginning and end of each shift.

5. Any defective equipment or machinery must be immediately removed from use and reported

6. Equipment or machinery must never be cleaned, oiled, adjusted or repaired until after being turned

off and/or disconnected from its power source

7. Never suspended loads over workmen

8. Keep proper clearance from all structures and voltage lines



EXPOLISIVE/POWDER ACTUATED TOOLS

GENERAL:

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper usage of explosive/powder actuated

tools. There are number of tools utilizing an explosive charge in use throughout the construction

industry to drive fastenings. The manufactures of these devices provide detailed instructions, along with

the legislation specifically set out got their use. These instructions must be adhered to all times.

KEY SAFE PRACTICES:

1. Only properly trained and qualified operators are to use this type of tool. The user shall possess

proof of this training issued by the manufacturer, authorized dealer/distributor or other competent

source. The worker must be familiar with the WCB and or OH&S regulations.

2. The tool must be CSA standard approved for ‘Explosive Actuated Fastening Tools’.

3. The tool should be loaded just prior to use with the correct load for the job anticipated. Tools

should never be loaded and left to sit or moved to an alternate work sure after being loaded.

4. The tool should be loaded never be pointed at anyone, wheather loaded or unloaded. Hands should

be kept clear of the muzzle end at all times.

5. Explosive/powder actuated tools must never be used in an explosive or flammable atmosphere.

6. When used, the tool must be held firmly at right angles to the surface being driven into.

7. Eye and hearing protection must be worn by the operator. Were there is a danger of spilling, full

face protection must be worn.

8. To prevent free-flying studs, ensure that the materal being driven into will not allow the stud to

completely pass through it. Ensure that no one is working behind material that fasteners are being

shop into.

9. Manufactures recommendations should be consulted and followed whenever there is a dount

about the material being driven into. Maintenance procedures or load strength to be used.

10. Workers must be authorized by their foreman or supervisor to operate the tools.

11. Repair of powder actuated tools by unqualified persons is not permitted.



FIBREGLASS INSULATION

GENERAL:

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper usage of fiberglass insulation. There

are many areas on constructions sites that require the use of Fiberglass Insulation. It is used for

Acoustical and Thermal Insulation. It comes in many different shapes such as; blowing wool, rolls, foil

back, rigid board and residential fiberglass insulation.

In handling use. Fiberglass releases glass fibers, which may be inhaled into the lungs, cause irritation of

the throat, eyes and skin.

KEY SAFE PRACTICES:

1. Special protective information:

Protective equipment should be used as necessary to prevent irritation to the throat, eyes

and skin.

Goggles – safety goggles or safety glasses, with the shields are used to keep dust and fibers

out of the eyes.

Gloves – leather or cotton gloves are to be used to prevent contact and irritation.

Respirator- use a NIOSH approved dust/mist respirators to protect against nuisance dust

and fibers (approved disposable dust/mist respirators for this type of exposure are the

3M9900 of equivalent)

Ventilation- local exhaust should be used to keep airborne fiber concentration. General

dilution ventilation should be used to keep airborne fiber and dust to lowest possible limits.

Clothing- worker should wear loose fitting, long sleeved, long legged work clothing. Wash

clothing separately and the washing machine should be rinsed before use again.

Contact lenses- these should not be worn while installing, blowing or removing the

insulation.

2. First Aid Procedure:

Eye contact – flush eye with flowing water for at 15 minutes. If symptoms persist, seek

medical attention.

Skin Contact – wash with mild soap and cool running water to remove fibers.



FIRE PROTECTION AND PREVENTION

GENERAL:

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper fire protection and prevention

Good housekeeping is essential in the prevention of fires. Fires can start anywhere at any time. This is

why it is important to know which fire extinguishers to use and how to use it. Always keep fire

extinguishers visible and easy to get at. Fire extinguishers have to be properly maintained, to do the job

where temperature is a factor. Ensure that care is taken in selecting the right extinguisher.

KEY SAFE PRACTICES:

1) Fire equipment must always be kept accessible and in working conditions. Tempering with fire

protection is a serious offence and is prohibited.

2) Workers must know of the locations and types of fire extinguishers in their work area. There are

four general classes of fires and each requires a particular type of extinguisher agent. Portable fire

extinguishers are labeled as to the types or classes of fires on which they should be used.

i) Class A: these fires consist of wood, rags, rubbish and other ordinary combustible materials.

Recommended extinguishers-water from a hose, pump type, water can or pressurized

extinguisher and soda acid extinguisher. Fighting the fire-soak the fire completely- even the

smoking embers.

ii) Class B: flammable liquids, oil and grease. Recommended extinguishers- ABC units, dry

chemical, foam and carbon dioxide extinguishers. Fighting the fire-start at the base of the

fire and use a swinging motion from left to right, always keep the fire in front of you.

iii) Class C: electrical equipment. Recommended extinguishers-carbon dioxide and dry chemical

(ABC units) extinguishers. Fighting the fire-use short bursts on the fire. When the electrical

current is shut off on a class C fire, it can become a class A fire if the materials around the

electrical fire are ignited.

iv) Class D: fires with combustible metal such as sodium and magnesium.

3) When a fire occurs, try to extinguisher it, if necessary summoning the assistance of fellow workers. If

there is any indication that the fire will not be able to be extinguished simply, then an alarm must be

raised and evacuation procedures implemented.

4) Aisles, passageways, doorways and stairways must never be obstructed.



FORKLIFTS

GENERAL:

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper usage and operation of forklifts.

Forklifts operators must follow all applicable vehicle and mobile equipment safety rules, provinicial

requirements and the manufacturers operating instructions. Manufactures instructions shall be

maintained at the location of use of the vehicle. No modifications may be made to the equipment.

KEY SAFE PRACTICES:

1) Materials and equipment must be loaded on the forklift in a manner that prevents any movement of

the load, which could create a hazard to workers.

2) All loads which could be subject to shifting during transportation must be restrained if such shifting

could result in the forklift becoming unstable.

3) Carry loads as low as possible.

4) Do not drive the arms, head or legs outside the confines of the forklift. Any operator who cannot

clearly see the load or off-load points and the full path of travel must use a signal person to help.

5) Sound horn and slow down when approaching pedestrains, doorways, ramps and other forklifts

6) Forklifts being used indoors must be shut down when not in use, to minimize emissions into the

work area.

7) Forklifts being used indoors must be taken outsiude for refueling.

8) Observe and obey the load capacity of the forklifts.

9) When shutting down a forklift: level and lower the forks, apply the parking brake and put the

controls in neutral.

10) Do not elecate anyone on the forks unless in an engineered and approved man cage that us secured

to the forklift.



GRINDING

GENERAL

Preventing accidents or incident associated with the improper usage of grinders. Several injury may

occur if proper protective equipment is not used and properly maintained.

KEY SAFE PRACTICES:

1) Check the tool for the correct distance from the abrassive wheel maximum 1/8 “ or 3 mm

2) Replace the grindstone when adjustment of the rest cannot provide 1/8” or 3 mm

3) If the wheel has been abuse and ground to an angle or groved, reface the wheel with the

appropriate surfacing tool.

4) Protect your eyes with goggles or a face shield at all times when grinding.

5) Remove hanging jewelry

6) Tie or confine long hair

7) Roll up sleeves

8) Each time a grinding wheel is mounted, the maximum approved speed stamped on the wheel

bladder should be checked againt the shaft rotation speed of the machine to ensure the safe

peripheral speed is not exceeding the manufacturers recommendation.

9) The flanges supporting the grinding wheel should be a maximum of 1/3 the diameter of the wheel

and must fit the shaft rotating speed according to the manufactures recommendation

10) Bench grinders are designed for peripheral grinding. Do not grind the side of the wheel .

11) Do not stand directly in front of grinder wheel when it is first started, \unplug or unlock the grinder

before doing adjustments or repair

12) Unplug or unlock the grinder before doing adjustments

13) Never leave a grinder unattended while the wheels are turning

14) Use pliers or vice grip to hold small items

15) Allow object you are grinding to cool before handling it.



GUARDRAILS

GENERAL

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper usage of guardrails

KEY SAFE PRACTICES:

1) Guardrails must be installed whenever there is a hazard of falling four feet or more from a

permanent level or 10 feet or more from a temperary level.

2) Guardrails must be installed for work over water if a drowning hazard exists. Request that you

supervisor contact WCB and/or OH&S if you have concern in this regard.

3) Guardrails must have top rails, midrails and toe boards that nmeet WCB and/or OH&S requirements.

Wire rop used as an alternative to rails must meet WCB and/or OH&S requirements

4) Where it is impracticable to use fall-provention devices such as gualrdrails, fall arresting devices

must be used.

5) Where fall prevention devices must be removed for work proceed, per mission to rmeove them

must be obtained from the job supervisor. When call prevention devices are temporarily removed.

Workers must be protected by fall arresting equipment.

6) Guardrails and barricades that have been temporarily removed mustbe replaced as quickly as

possible.



HAND HELD CIRCULAR SAWS

GENERAL

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper usuage of hand held circular saws. This

type of power hand tool is one of the most commonly used in construction. Because of this common

use. There are numerious accidents due to thoughtless acts.

KEY SAFE PRACTICES:

1. Approved safety equipment such as safety glasses or a face sheild is to be worn

2. Where harmful vapors or dusts are created, approved breathing protection is to be used.

3. The proper sharp blade designed for the work to be done must be selected and used

4. The power supply must be disconnected before making any adjustment to the saw or changing the

blade

5. Before the saw is set down, be sure the retracting guard has fully returned to its down position

6. Both hands must be used to hold the saw while ripping

7. Maintenance is done according to the manufacturers specifications.

8. Ensure all cords are clear of the cutting area before starting to cut.

9. Before cutting, check the stock for foreign objects or any other obstruction which could cause the

saw to “kick back”

10. When ripping, make sure the stock is held securely in place. Use a wedge to keep the stock from

closing and causing the saw to bind.



HAND TOOLS

GENERAL

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper usage of hand tools.

KEY SAFE PRACTICES

1. Use tools only for the job which they were intended

2. Do not apply excessive presure on tools

3. Carry sharp tools in a heavy belt or apron rather than pockets, and hang tools at your sides, not

behind your back.

4. Carry tools in a manner that does not interfere with using both hands on a ladder or climbing on a

structure.

5. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (safety glasses, gloves, ect.)

6. Maintain tools carefully, keep them clean and dry, and store them properly after use.

7. Inspect tool for defects proir to use.

8. Replace cracked and broken handles on files, hammers and screwdrivers

9. Re-dress burred on mushroomed heads of striking tools.

10. Exercise extreme caution when using tool near live electrical circuits. Do not use cushion grip

handles as replacements for insulated handles.

11. Pull on wrenches and pliers. Never push unless you are using an open hand.

12. Face adjustable wrenches forward, and turn wrenches pressure against permanent jaw.

13. Do not increase leverage by adding sleeves to increase tool length

14. Do not cut or chip towards yourself when using cutting tools or chisels

15. Do not redress, grind, weld or heat-treat tools with a whetstone rather than a grinder

16. Do no use one hammer to strike anouther

17. Do not use a dull chisel. Re-dress heat-treated hammer heads.

18. Do not use C-clamps to construct scaffolds or platforms for workers

19. Do not hoist with C-clamp. Use special lifting clamps.



HOISTING

GENERAL:

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with improper hoisting.

Determine the weight of the object or load prior to a lift or make sure that the lifting equipment can

operate within its capabilities.

KEY SAFE PRACTICES:

1. Estimate the weight of gravity or point of balance. The lifting device should be positioned

immediately above the center of gravity

2. Prepare a place to land the load, lower the load gently and make sure it is stable before slacking the

sling or chain.

3. Select only slings appropriate for the lift and never exceed the working load limits

4. Make sure the hoist or crane is directly over the load

5. Use slings of propler reach. Never shorten the line by twisting or knotting. With chain slings, never

use bolts and nuts.

6. Never permit anyone to ride the lifting hook or the load

7. Make sure all peronnel stand clear from the load being lifted

8. Never working under a suspended load

9. Never leave a load suspended when the hoist or crane is unattended

10. Inspect all slings thoroughly at specified intervals and maintain them in good condition

11. Inspect each chair or slings for cuts, nicks, bent links, etc. before use. Damaged or frayed slings

must be removed from service.

12. Safety latches must be installed on all sling hooks where there is any danger of dislodgment of the

load. Ensure that safety latches on hooks are in good condition.

13. Ensure that the signaler is properly identified and understands techniques of proper signaling.

14. Make sure a tagline is used to control the load where appropriate.



HOUSEKEEPING

GENERAL

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper housekeeping.

Good housekeeping is important for safety in the workplace and as well improves on site productivity.

KEY SAFE PRACTICES

1. Plan the site so that adequate storage areas are available

2. Work areas must be kept clean and free from obstructions at all times. Keep areas organized so

that vehicle and pedestrain traffic can move freely. Tools, loose objects, oil, grease and other

materials left lying about are slipping and tripping hazards.

3. Ensure stairways and exits are clear of all hazards and obstructions.

4. Work areas must be cleaned at the end of a shift, immediately after finishing a job, or as necessary.

5. Workers must help keep the roads, walks and yard areas clean by depositing refuse in designated

containers.

6. Materials, tools and equipment must not be sotre in stairways, corridors, catwalks, ramps,

passageways, exits or overhead.

7. Ensure electrical cords and hoses are kept to one side of stairway and work areas.

8. All material must be properly stacked and secured to prevent sliding, falling or collapse. Pipe,

conduit and bar stock should be stored in racks or stacked and blocked to prevent movement.

9. All materials must be stacked or stored in a manner that permits safe access to egress from a work

area.



JACK HAMMERING/CHIZZLING

GENERAL

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper usage of jack hammers.

This type of concrete demolition job is commonly seen on a construction site.

KEY SAFE PRACTICES

1) Approved safety equipment: safety glasses or face sheild, work gloves, CSA approved steel-toe

boots, and hearing protections are to be worn.

2) Control dust levels or wear respiratory protection, either a dust mask or respirator.

3) Determine locations of any services that should be damaged because of demotion.

4) Worker should be trained in the operation at hand.

5) Ensure a safe working surface

6) Electric tools:

i) Check extension cords, switch and other components before use.

ii) Use only extension cord gauges that suit tool amperage and cord length

iii) Power feed cords must be three-wire cords with three-prong plugs and grounded thee-pole

receptacles.

iv) Use ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) in wet areas.

7) Air tools:

i) Approved safety equipment-safety glasses or face sheild and gloves and hearing protection

are ot be worn.

ii) Air hoses must be lied together

iii) Secure quick-couplers with wire to prevent disconnecting

iv) Always shut off the air supply and release the air in the lines before desconnecting fittings.

8) Bob cat mounted hydraulic concrete breaker.

i) Operator trained in its operation

ii) Approved safety equipment-safety glasses or a face sheild and hearing protections are to be

worn.



LADDERS

PORTABLE

GENERAL

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper usage of ladders. Before using any

ladder make sure that it is in good condition and is the right ladder for the job to be done safely.

KEY SAFE PRACTICES

1) Inspect ladder for defects proir to use. Remove from service all ladders with broken rungs, split rails,

and worn or broken safety feet, frayed or damaged ropes.

2) When setting up a ladder, secure the base and walk the ladder up into place.

3) The ladder should be set at the proper angle of one (1) horizontal to every four (4) verticle

4) Ladder feet must be placed on a firm surface

5) Before using a ladder, make sure it is secured at top and bottom against movement.

6) Workers shall not work from the top two rungs of a ladder

7) Ladders are to be used by one person at a time

8) Ladders used for a ascending or descending from one level to anouther must extend at least 3 ft (1

meter) above the upper landing.

9) Do not overreach while on a ladder. It is easier and safer to climb down and move the ladder over a

few feet to a new position.

10) Always face the ladder when using it. grip it firmly and use the three point contact method when

moving up or down

11) The minimum overlap on an extension ladder should be one (1) meter unless the manufacturer

specifies the overlap.

12) Keep both metal and wood ladders away from electrical sources

13) Doors must be locked or blocked when ladders are in use in front of them

14) Do not use ladders in horizontal position as runways or scaffolds

15) Do not carry heavy, bulky, or hazardous material when ascending or descending a ladder. Keep

hands free for 3-point contact at all times while climbing.

16) Ladder length limits:

i) Stepladders 20 ft (6m)

ii) Trestle ladders, extension sections or base sections of extension trestle ladders – 16 ft (4.8

m)

iii) Extension ladders (two sections) – 48 ft (14 m)

iv) Minimum lap for ladders up to 36 ft (11 m) – 3 ft (1 m) lap: 36 ft (11 m) to 48 ft (14m) – 4 ft

(1.2 m) lap



STEPLADDERS

GENERAL

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper usage of ladders.

As with all ladders, make sure that the step ladders is in good condition, and is the right ladder for the

job to be done.

KEY SAFE PRACTICES

1. Stepladders are to be used only on clean and even surfaces

2. No work is to be done from the top two steps of a stepladder, counting the op platform as a rung

3. When in the open position ready for use, the incline of the front step section shall be one (1)

horizontal to six (6) verticle.

4. The stepladder is only to be used ib a fully open position with the spreader bars locked.

5. Tops of stepladders are not to be used as a support scaffolds

6. Don’t overreach while on the ladder. Climb down and move the ladder over to a new position

7. Only CSA ladders will be used

8. When working from a stepladder besides a raised fllor permeter, the worker shall used a harness

and tag line securely attached to the building structure at all times.



MATERIALS HANDLING AND STORAGE

GENERAL

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper materials and handling storage.

Every material handling operation is different. Each part of the construction industry must take care to

ensure safety practices are in place at every stage of material handling. Every worker and supervisor has

a safety role to play in handling and storage materials. Good housekeeping, proper lifting and loading

procedures and proper packaging are all important.

Material handling and storage are legislated in part due to the transportation of goods and you should

refer to OH&S regulations for further information. Where required a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

should be readily available at the site.

KEY SAFE PRACTICES

1) If uncertain of proper handling procedures for the product refer to the WHIMIS/MSDS

2) Do not exceed the recommended load limits of vehicles used in handling materials.

3) Determine how the material will be transported. When ever possible use trucks, boom trucks,

forklifts, dollies and hoists.

4) Ensure the vehicle operator is skilled enouhg for the job at hand and has good visibility.

5) Where possiblepalletize materials. Do not pile material too high so it wont be susceptible to

toppling over or unstable if bumped on the bottom.

6) On arrival to jobsite, check for breakage or spillage before off loading.

7) Is there a fire risk? Keep flammable material away from potential ignition sources.

8) Check power line hazard.

9) Evaluate the route where materials have to move; i.e.: corners, stairs, obstructions, ect.

10) Instruct workers on objectives and procedures for material handling.

11) Ensure there are enough workers to do the job right.

12) Ensure there is a safe working space for workers, equipment and material.

13) Ensure that appropriate personal protective equipment is used.

14) When lifting by hand:

Do not attempt to lift items that are obviously too heavy or bulky

Check object for slivers, nails, sharp edges.

Ensure that you have a clear view and path for carrying materials.

Avoid twisting, keep back straight.

Lift with legs …. Not back

Ensure that your grip is firm.



PNEUMATIC TOOLS

GENERAL

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper usage of pneumatic tools.

KEY SAFE PRACTICES

1. Only authorized, experience and trained workers may use pneumatic nailing and stapling tools.

2. Inspect the tool before connecting to the air supply. Ensure screws and caps are securely tightened.

3. Check hoses for cuts or bulges and replace is defective.

4. Pneumatic tools used for nailing and stapling must be held against the work surface before pulling

the trigger.

5. Safety features must not be disengaged or overridden.

6. Operating triggers must never be held in the “on” position while moving between work positions.

7. Operating triggers must never besecure in the “on” position under any circumstances.

8. The air supply must be disconnected before adjustments or repairs are made to the tool.

9. The manufacturer-specified air pressure for tools, hoses and fittings must never be exceeded.

10. Do not point the tool towards yourself or others, regardless of whether it is empty or not.

11. Do not use compressed air to blow debris or clean dust from clothes.

12. Do not lay hoses across walkways.



PORTABLE GRINDERS WITH GRINDING STONE

GENERAL

Ensuring workers are protected from the hazards associated with the use of portable grinders

KEY STONE PRACTICES

Ensure proper instruction of workers on the contents of this practice and provide to ensure competency

in all tasks requiring the use of a portable grinder.

1. A hazard assessment must be conducted proir to the use of all power tools with all hazards being

either eliminated or controlled.

2. Ensure that the manufacturers specifications are followed at all times.

3. Thoroughly inspect each grinder for damage proir to its use. Anything suspicious or questionable

should be reported or tagged out of service.

4. Ensure proper gaurds are in place at all times.

5. Eye protection, face shield, gloves, and CSA approved steel-toed boots are the minimum PPE that

must be worn while operating portable grinders.

6. Never exceed the maximum wheel speed. Always check the speed marked wheels and compare it

to the speed on the grinder to determine compatibility.

7. When mounting wheel, check them for cracks and defects. Ensuring that the mounting flanges are

clean and the mounting blotters are used. DO NOT over tighten the mounting nut.

8. Before grinding, run newly mounted wheels at operating speed to check for vibrations.

9. Do not use grinders in close proximity to flammable materials.

10. NEVER use the Trigger Lock.

11. Where possible, use 332 size disks in place ZIP disks for cutting as ZIP disks can cause serious injury

and damage is they shatter.

12. Proper storage of wheels, disks and grinders must be observed at all times.



PORTABLE GRINDER WITH ZIP CUTTING DISKS

GENERAL

Ensuring workers are protected from the hazards associated with the use of portable grinders with Zip

Cutting Disks

KEY SAFE PRACTICES

Ensure proper instruction of workers on the contents of this practice and provide training to ensure

competency in all tasks requiring the use of portable grinder.

1. Where possible and practicable, a 332 size disk must be used in place of a zip disks for cutting

activities.

2. Where not possible or practicable, a hazard assessment must be conducted proir to the use of all

portable grinders with zip cutting disks with all hazards being either eliminated or controlled.

3. Ensure the manufacturers specifications are followed at all times.

4. Thoroughly inspect each grinder and zip disk for damage proir to its use. Anything suspicious or

questionable should be reported ot tagged out of service.

5. Ensure proper guards are in place at all times

6. Eye protection, face shield, gloved, and CSA approved steel-toed boots are the minimum PPE that

must be worn while operating portable grinders.

7. Never exceed the maximum wheel speed. Check the marked speed on the grinding wheel and

compare it to the speed on the grinder.

8. When mounting wheel. Check the cracks and defects, ensuring that the mounting flanges are clean

and the mounting blotters are used. DO NOT over tighten the mounting nut.

9. Before grinding, run newly mounted wheels at operating speed to check for vibrations.

10. DO NOT use grinder in close proximity to flammable materials.

11. NEVER use the Trigger Lock

12. Proper storage of wheels, disks and grinders must be observed at all times.



POWER TOOLS General:

Preventing accidents and incidents assosicated with the improper usage of power tools.

Key Safe Practices:

1. Inspect tool, power cords and electrical fitting for damage, broken or inoperative guards prior to

each use.

2. Do not wear gloves, loose clothing or jewlary while using revolcing power tools.

3. Switch tools off beofre connecting them to a power supply.

4. Do not use electic tools in wet or damp locations unless tool is connected to a ground-fault circuit

interrupter (GFCI)

5. Ensure tools are properly grounded (three-prong plug) or are double insulated.

6. Keep power cords clear of tools during use.

7. Suspend power cords over isles or work area, when possible, to event stumbling or tripping

hazards.

8. Do not carry electrical tools by power cord.

9. Avoid octopus connections.

10. Wear safety gougles when using power tools for grinding, cuttig, chipping, and sanding

operations.

11. Wear hearing protection when operating power tools.



PROPANE

General:

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the importper usage of propane.

Since propane is heavier than air and invisiable, it is special concern when it is used on the job site,

All installtions and use of this product on the job site must comply with the Government legislation set

out for its safe use.

Suppliers delivering the product or setting up the equipment at the site must be part of the safe work

practices.

Key Safe Practices:

Nylon slings must be used in a “choker” fashion when loading, off-loading or lifting propane tanks.

1. “Lifting lugs” provided on tanks are not to be used. Slings are to be wrapped around the shell of the

tank.

2. Regulators are to be removed form the tank prior to any movement of the tank.

3. Crane hooks shall be equipped with a “safety latch”

4. All trucks, cranes or equipment used to handle propane tanks must be equipped with a fire

extinguisher appropriate for the size and type of tank being handled.

5. Except in an emergancy, any movemnt or repositioning of tank shall be performed by a completent

certified worker.

6. Tanks are not to be heated to increase flow.

7. When in use, propane bottles are to be securely held in a upright position.

8. Tanks are not to be hooked up and used without proper regulations.

9. NO SMOKING near or aorund bottles.



RIGGING

General:

Precenting accidents and incidents associated with improper rigging.

Rigging is an easy operation that requires particular skill and expierence.

Key Safe Practice:

1. Refer also to Hoisting Safe Work Practices.

2. Appoint one of the crew to act as signslman must be careful net to order a move until he has

received the “all ready” signal from each crew member.

3. Identify the designated signalman by the use of distinctive vest, animals, etc.

4. Each rigger must be sure he is in the clear before he gives an “all ready” to the signalman. When

you have positional to sting or choker you are using, release it, if possible, beofre you give the “all

ready” signal.

5. If you must hold the sling or choker in a position, be sure your hand is clear of pinch points. In fact,

your hand should be far enough away so there is no possiblity of a frayed wire catching glove and

jerking your hand into a pinch point. Frayed cables should never be used.

6. Softeners must be used to prevent slippage, material damage, and damage to choker.

7. Watch out for the roll or swing of the load. Since it is almost impossible to position the hook exactly

over the load center, there will almost always be a swing or roll. Anticipate the direction of the

swing or roll and work away from it.

8. Never place yourself between material, equipment or any stationary object and the load swing.

Also stay away from stacked material that may be knocked over by a swing load.

9. Never stand under the load and keep from under the boom as much as possible. Chances are that

nothing will break but something might.

10. Ensure landing area is clear.

11. When lowering or setting the load, be sure your feet and all other parts of your body are clear of

the load. Set the load down easily and slowly and check the load stability prior to releasing the

rigging.

12. Use tag lines to control the load where appropriate.

13. Slings must be stored in a manner that ensures they will not be damaged.



TIGER TORCHES

General:

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper usage of tiger torches.

Tiger torches, although valuable to a job sit, are sometimes misused in a manner that can make them

dangerous.

Key Safe Practices:

1. When a torch is used, an adequate fire extinguisher must be present.

2. Torches are not to be used for heating of work areas or thawing of lins and equipment, etc when

not in use.

3. Ensure that the pro[ane bottles are properly shut off.

4. Fuel lines are to have regulators.

5. Propane bottles shall secured in a upright position.

6. NO SMOKING near or around bottles.



VEHICLES AND MOBILE EQUIPMENT

General:

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper usage of vehicles and mobile

eqipment.

Key Safe Practices:

1. All drivers of company vehicles must possess a valid provincial driver’s license for the class of

vehicle being operated.

2. Every worker required to dirve a company vehicle or operate mobile equipment must have read the

safety rules applicable to mobile eqipment and vehicles.

3. Worker must not operate company vehicles while impaired by alcohol, fatigue, sickness or drugs.

4. Seatbelts must be worn by drivers and all passengers.

5. Operators are encouraged to use running lamps or illuminated headlamps during daytime hours.

6. Workers must not operate mobile eqipment unless they have been adequately instructed in the

safe use of the equipment and have demonstrated to a forman or supervisor that they are

competent to operate the eqipment. This rule does not apply when a trainee is operating the

eqipment is to the supervisor of an authorized instructor.

7. Unauthorized worker must not be on any part of powered mobile equipment while the equipment

is in motion.

8. Operators of mobile eqipment or company vehicles are responsible for the safe operation of the

eqipment. They must maintain full control of the eqipment and must comply with all laws and rules

reguarding the operation of the equipment.

9. When a operator has reason to believe that the equipment or the load is hazardous he must report

to the supervisor.

10. Operators must obey all signs governing the movement, operation or [parking of vehicles on any

worksite or public or private road.

11. The mobile equipment operator is the only worker allowed to ride the eqipment, unless seats or

other safe facilities for the other workers are provided and used.

12. Workers must not get on or off a moving vehicle expect in a emergancy.

13. Operators must not leave the controls unless the eqipment or vehicle has been secured agianst

movement by setting the parking brakes and transmission locks, lowering any blades, buckets or

forks to the ground and chocking wheels where necessary.

14. Operators must keeep the cab, floor or deck of mobile equipment free of material, tools or other

objects that could create a trippinghazard, interfere with the operation of controls or interfere with

exciting the vehicle.

15. Tools and equipment carried in any part of a vehicle or piece of mobike equipment where workers

are riding must be placed or secured to prevent injury to workers.

16. Workers must not ride with any part of their bodies outside the vehicle or equipment or stand in or

on any vehicle or equipment unless protected agianst being thrown off balance.



17. Mobile equipment used for lifting or hoisting must not be operated is the safe working load has

been exceeded.

Vehicle Breakdowns and Accidents

If a vehicle breaks down, operator must get the vehicle off and away from the traveled portion of the

road if possible. If they can’t, then they must activate vehicle emergancy flashers.

All breakdowns involving company vehicles must be immediately reported to the office. All accidents

involving compy vehicles must be reported in accordance with the accident and injury reporting

procedure. Give all the details possible, such as width of roads, length of skids, presence of in case of an

accident the operator must.

Pull off the road, if possible, to avoid obstructing traffic.

Activate emergancy flashers.

Render first aid in any person who may be injured if able.

Report the accident to his supervisor or office as soon as possible.

Refrain from entering into arguemnt or dispute with the driver of the other vehivle, pedestrian

or bystanders.

Make no admission of liability or offer any settlement of claims.

Record license plate numbers and driver license number of any witnesses.



WELDING, CUTTING AND CURNING

General:

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the imporper welding, cutting and burning. Work

involving welding, cutting and burning can increase the fire and breathing hazard on any job and the

following should be considered prior to the start of work.

Key Safe Practices:

1. Wear an approved welding hood. Hard hat with welding hood attachment shall be worn in hard hat

areas. Wear non-combustible clothing with button collar and cuffs.

2. Always ensure that adequate ventilation is supploied since hazardous fumes can be created during,

welding, cutting or burning.

3. Where other workers may also be exposed to the hazard created by welding, cutting or burning,

they must be alerted to these hazards or protected from them by the use of “screens” or shields.

4. Never start work without proper authorization.

5. Always have the fire fighting or preventing equipment on hand before starting welding, cutting or

burning.

6. Check the work area for combustiable material and possbile flammable vapors before starting

work.

7. A welder should never work alone. A fire or spark watch should be maintained.

8. Check cables and hoses to protect from slag or sparks. Neber coil welding cables around your body

when welding.

9. Never weld or cut lines, drums, tanks, etc. That have been in serive without making sure that all

precaustions have been carried out and permits obtained.

10. Never enter, weld or cut in a confined space without proper gas tests and a required safety lookout.

11. When working overhead, use fire ristant materials, (blankets, traps) to control or contain slag and

sparks.

12. Cutting and welding must not be performed where sparks and cutting slah will fall on cylinders

(move all cylinders away to one side)

13. Open all cylinder velves slowly. The wrench used for opening the cylinder valves should always be

kept on the valve spindle when the cylinder is in use. Close cylinder valves when work is finished.

14. All work must have separate and adequate ground.

15. Remove or protect combustible materials from the sparks and heat created by the welding

operation.

16. Throughly dry arc welding machine work



HAND SIGNALS General:

Preventing accidents and incidents associated with the improper use of hand signals.

Key Safe Practices:

1. An equipment operator should always move load according to the established code of signals, and

use a signaler. Hand signals are preferred and commonly used.

2. Only a qualified person should give signals to the equipment operator.

3. There should be only one designated person at a time giving signals.

4. An equipment operator should move loads only on equipment signals from one person

5. An equipment operator must obey STOP signals no matter who gives it.

6. The person giving signals must be in clear view of the equipment operator.

7. The person giving signals must have a clear view of the load and the equipment.

8. The person giving signals must keep persons outside the operating area. Any request or questions

should be addressed to the signaler.

9. The person giving signals should never direct a load over a person.

10. No part of equipment or load should come within 15 feet of any power line. High power

transmission lines may require additional clearance.

11. Each operator should be held directly responsible for the safe operation of the equipment.

12. Whenever there is any doubt as to SAFETY, the operator should stop that equipment and refuse to

handle loads until safety has been assured.

13. These safety rules should by no means be considered complete for all situations of equipment

operation.

*See next page for general hand signals *



SCAFFOLDING

General:

Preventing accidents and incidemts associated with erecting and working with scaffolding.

All scaffolding used shall be erected, maintained and dismantled by a competent worker, in accordance

with manufacturers` specifications and legislation.

Key Safe Practices:

1. Ensure grounding on a firm and level base.

2. Maintain the established minimum clearances from all power lines.

3. Provide a safe access ladder

4. Ensure scaffold has a platform perimeter handrail.

5. Anchor or tie a free stand scaffold according to legislation.

6. Do not use a ladder sloped agianst the scafford at any time.

7. A toe board is required on all platforms

8. Ensure tube and clamp modular constrction is utilized. Wood contruction is only to be used when

absolutely necessary.

9. Ensure proper safe scaffold tags are installed

10. Utillize a tag line when hosisting material

11. Minimize tools, material and debris on the platform.

12. Ensure a hand line with a tool bag for tools is utillized.

13. When working at 3m ( 10 ft) fall protection system must be used

14. Follow scaffold safe work procedure step by step



ERGONOMICS

What is Ergonomics?

Ergonomics is the science of adapting work processes and condition to fit the physical capabilities of

workers. The goal is to reduce the incidence of musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) by minimizing or

eliminating MSI risk factors.

MSI are injuries of the soft tissues (muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments, cartilage) and nervous system.

The most common examples include repetitive strain injuries such as tendonitis and carpal tunnel

syndrome, and back injuries involving muscles, ligaments, and/or spinal discs.

Risk factors that increase the likelihood of worker suffering an MSI include:

Use of excessive force

Highly repetitive movements

Awkward and/or static postures

Manual handling of heavy loads

Pool tool, equipment, or workplace design

Poor work organization (lack of task variety, excessive work pace, etc.)

Cold temperatures

vibration

Such risk factors can be found in a wide variety of occupations and industries, such as forest products,

heavy manufacturing, and construction. Clerical workers are also vulnerable because of prolonged (and

continuous) use of input devices such as key board, mouse, etc.

Risk of injury increases with:

prolong exposure to any of these risks factors

presence of multiple risk factors within a single job task

Ergonomic tip to:

Minimize force

use mechanical lift assists and carts when available

avoid manually handling heavy objects (more than 35 pounds)

avoid carrying objects more than 100 feet

push instead of pull

use both hands when pushing (avoid twisting your body)

maintain good control

use proper lifting techniques when lifting:

examine the load and the surrounding area

bend knees when lifting a load

look forward to keep back straight

position the load close to the body



maintain a firm grip on the load

use smooth, controlled movements

keep arms in front of body

turn feet in direction of movement to avoid twisting

*** Get help before performing tasks requiring excessive force ***

A Two-Person Lift Is Appropriate When …

A lidt, hoist or other mechanical assistance is unavailable

The object is heavier than you are capable of lifting alone

The object is not heavier than what two people are capable of lifting

The object is awkward or oversized

Any object that does not have its weight equally distributed within the load.

**Remember some objects are too heavy or awkward to be handled with two people**

Use the correct tools/powered tools for the task

Powered tools tend to require less exertion to perform a task

Ensure that the weight of a powered tool (and cording) does not create additional force iissues.

Use only the amount of force necessary to complete the task.

Minimize Static Loading

Avoid prolonged awkward postures

Change the position to get as close as possible to the work area.

If prolonged awkward postures are unavailable, use a “supported” posture to compensate

**A supported posture uses part of your body to support the weight of another body segment that is

in an awkward position**

Minimize Contact Stress

Select hand tools that conforms to the geometry of the hands

Poistol grop and in-line tools:

- Recommended handle length: 5 Inches

- Recommended handle diameter: 1 to 1.5 inches

Pliers and crimpling action tools:

- Recommended handle lenth: 4 inches (minimum)

- Recommended handle span: 2.5 inches

** Avoid handles that end in the palm of the hand**



Avoid pressure on palms, wrist, and elbows

- Use padding on hard or sharo surfaces

- Change your position to eliminate the stress

Avoid pressure on knees:

- Avoid kneeling on hard surfaces for proloned periods

- Use knee pads when kneeling tasks are unavoidable

Minimize Vibration and Torque

To lessen vibration:

- Pad tools handle with a soft compressible surface

- Use vibration dampening (gel filled) gloves

- Select tools (hammers and chippers) with build in dampening systems (springs/hydraulics)

To lesson torque reaction:

- Use electric tools as oppsed to air driven tools.

- Use pulse tools or auto-shutoff tools.

Mimimize Repetition

Use power tools when available

Change tasks, stretch, or take a break from repetitive tasks

Effective job rotations work alternate muscle groups between successive job funcations

Summary

Minimize risk factors in your area

Stretch thoughout the shift especially before and after activities that require awkward positions

or lifting

Pay attention to your body and know your physical limitations

Report your concerns through appropriate channels

Soft tissue injuries are preventable, and you own your own safety.



What are MSIs?

Musculoskaletal injuries or MSIs involve the muscles and the bones in the body, as wel as the nerves,

ligaments, blood vessels, and tendons.

MSIs occure when the demands of weok exceed the capacity of the body.

Types of MDIs

-Ligement sprain-

Ligaments attach from bone to bone

Sprains are often caused by rapid overstretching abnormal twisting or bending.

Common injurt: A carpenter climbing down a stepladder steps onto a piece of wood on the floor, turns

an ankle and suffers an ankle sprain.

-Tendon or muscle strain or tear-

Tendons attach from bone to muscle. Strains are often caused by rapid overstretching overloading or

abnormal twisting.

Common injury: Industrial painter using a extension pole for long peirod strains the rotator cuff muscles

of the shoulder.

-Tenonitie-

Tendons often rub agsint bony structures and become swollen due to repeating similar movements.

Common injury: swimgingin a sledgehammer repeatedly can result in tendonitis of the elbow.

-Bursitis-

Bursae are sacs filled with fluid and located between a bone and a tendon or muscle in order to reduce

friction. Bursitis occures when the bursa becomes swollen due to repeating similar movements.

Common injury: Bursitis in the knee is common among carpet layers who kneel for long periods and use

their knee as a hammer.

-Hernlated intervertebral Disc-

Discs located between the bony vertebrae in the back consist of a soft core surrounded by a tough outer

shell. Sudden twisting or bending movemnts or a slow deterioration can cause the disc to bulge and

compress the nearby spinal nerves.

Common injury: labourers commonly hurt their backs by physically carrying heavy awkward loads.

-Nerve entrapment-

Nerves supply the muscle with signals of when to contact and when to relax.

Neveres become compressed by swelling of surrounding tissue.

Common injury: Rod workers may suffer from Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in the wrist when they routinely

tie rebar by hand.



Safe manual handing tips for construction workers

1. Clear pathways: Before you move things form one place to another, be sure you have a clear

pathway. Always plan your lift.

2. Use proper equipment: Examine the materials handling task for risk. In addition, determine what

you will need to safely finish the task. For example, a cart or dolly may make it easier.

3. Check weight: check the weight of the object you are moving to see if you need help. If you cannot

move it with one foot, you should get help.

4. Ask for help: you may need a second person. Learn to lift as a team.

5. Take your time: injuries can happen when tasks are rushed.

6. Keep back straight: if possible, keep your back straight and vertical to the ground. Keep your head

up and looking straight.

7. Lift with the knees: Bend your knees when lifting or pushing; do not stop over an object. Use the

strength of your legs. While this will not guarantee that you remain injury free, it helps reduce the

risk.

8. Hold object close: always bring the object as close to your body as possible to reduce the strain on

your back. The closer you cold it, the less compressive force you put on your low back.

9. Tighten the stomach: tighten your stomach muscles to help stabilize your back during a lift.



STRETCHING BASICS

BENEFITS OF STRETCHING:

Increases flexability/elasticity of muscles

Increase circulation to warm the muscles, improving mental alertness, reducing fatigue

Decreases muscle tension and stress

WHEN TO STRETCH:

Proir to starting the day

During short breaks (at least once per hour)

After breaks or lunch to prevent fatigue

If tension or stress is apparent

After a lengthy task duration or an extended awkward posture

SECTION 3 SAFE WORK PRACTICES - GRD Construction ltd · Section 3 – Safe Work Practices Page | 2...

Documents

Transcript of SECTION 3 SAFE WORK PRACTICES - GRD Construction ltd · Section 3 – Safe Work Practices Page | 2...