Section 3

Radiative Balance and the Natural Greenhouse Effect

http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=greenhouse+effect&qpvt=greenhouse+effect&FORM=IGRE#view=detail&id=8E45E35656FC95CB71B1F6C4439D06AC9A3F534D&selectedIndex=49

Learning Targets:

I can model and explain the relationships and energy flow existing in various Earth systems (atmosphere)

I can explain factors that cause the dynamic balance in the atmosphere to change.

http://4nutshells.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/Earths-atmosphere.jpg

30. Earth exchanges energy with its environment primarily through transfers of electromagnetic radiation.

http://uniteunderfreedom.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/electromagnetic.jpg

31. At anytime our planet is simultaneously absorbing energy from the sun and radiating energy back into space.

http://www.johnsonwindowfilms.com/dealer/images/art_148/SunWavesToEarthBlu.jpg

32.Why does the temperature remains stable over long periods of time on Earth?

The temperature remains stable because the planet radiates energy back to space at a rate that closely balances the energy input it receives from the sun. http://www.jamesrobertshaw.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/The-sun-and-solar-radiation.jpg

33.Radiation from the Sun with varying wavelengths along the electromagnetic spectrum is known as

solar radiation.

34.List 3 types of radiation the Sun emits. visible light, ultraviolet and infrared radiation

http://newheavenonearth.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/sun-rays-coming-out-of-the-clouds-in-a-blue-sky21.jpg?w=900

35. When visible solar radiation reaches Earth, it may be absorbed by clouds, the atmosphere, or the planet's surface.

http://beyondweather.ehe.osu.edu/files/2011/02/web_heat-budget.jpg

36.What raises Earth's surface temperature? Solar radiation is absorbed by the Earth’s surface and is transformed into heat energy.

37.Some outgoing infrared energy emitted from the Earth is trapped in the atmosphere and prevented from escaping to space, through a natural process called the greenhouse effect. http://www.enwin.com/kids/images/pic.greenhouse_effect.jpg

38.The most abundant gases in the atmosphere—nitrogen, oxygen, and

argon—neither absorb nor emit terrestrial or solar radiation.

http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/Atmosphere/images/chemistry_troposphere_sm.gif

Ar

ArAr

Ar

Ar

39.What in the atmosphere can absorb long-wave radiation? –

clouds, water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide

http://icons.wxug.com/metgraphics/climate/sunearthdiagram.jpg

40.Why is the amount of heat received by the surface actually much larger (3x) than the amount the surface receives in solar radiation?

Due to the natural greenhouse effect, the result is a surface temperature on

average around 15°C (60°F), as compared to temperatures colder than –18°C (0°F) if there were no greenhouse effect.

http://images.cpcache.com/merchandise/514_400x400_NoPeel.jpg?region=name:FrontCenter,id:69231149,w:16