Second-Semester Exam Review Sheet Modern American History.
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Transcript of Second-Semester Exam Review Sheet Modern American History.
![Page 1: Second-Semester Exam Review Sheet Modern American History.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062222/5697c01a1a28abf838ccee75/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Second-Semester Exam Review Sheet
Modern American History
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World War II
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What did imperialism lead the governments of Italy, Germany and Japan to do during the
1930s?• Created empires by dominating weaker
nations economically, politically, culturally, or militarily
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Why did the U.S. government evacuate Japanese Americans from the West Coast during World War II?
• The bombing of Pearl Harbor caused prejudice and fears.
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How did United States get out of the Great Depression?
• They began to build military production of goods for World War II.
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Why did Hitler want to rid Germany of Jewish people?
• Hitler blamed the Jews for the defeat in WWI and the economic situation of Germany
• Hitler wanted to remove all undesirable persons from positions of power
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The U.S.’s island-hopping strategy in the Pacific Ocean was designed to end where?
• Japan
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What was the purpose of the Manhattan project?
• develop an atomic bomb
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What historical events contributed to the rise of Hitler and Mussolini?
• The Great Depression and the Treaty of Versailles
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Why did the Japanese attack the U.S. at Pearl Harbor?
• The U.S. restricted the sale of oil and steel to limit Japanese expansion.
• Destroy the United States Naval Fleet
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Which jobs did American women begin to fill as men headed off to war?
• Worked in factories as steelworkers and welders
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What attack finally ended World War II?
• The dropping of atomic bombs by the United States on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
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Cold War & Vietnam
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What was the Cold War?
• Democracy v Communism• Capitalism v Communism• American and Soviet isolationism
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What impact did Senator Joseph McCarthy have on American Society?
• It encouraged a widespread fear of Communism
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Why did the U.S. want to keep oil-rich Arab nations from becoming Communist?
• The United States wanted prevent oil-rich Arab nations from falling under Soviet influence
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What is a satellite nation?
• Nations dominated or controlled by the Soviet Union
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What principle was the goal of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)?
• The principle of collective security
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What was the goal of the Marshall Plan?
• Create stable democracies in Europe that could resist communism
• Economic Aide to help rebuild Europe
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What policy prompted the U.S. to enter the Korean Conflict?
• The policy of containment
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How was Korea divided after the Korean War?
• 38th parallel • Two nations, one democratic and one
communist
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What is deterrence?
• The policy of making U.S. military power so strong that no enemy would attack for fear of retaliation
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How did Sputnik change America?
• The united States Congress increased spending on teaching science and mathematics
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What is a franchise system (example: McDonald’s)?
• A business that contracts to offer certain goods or services from a larger parent company
• They would replace many unique stores who had ties with the local community?
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What happened as a result of the Cuban Missile Crisis?
• The Soviets removed their missiles from Cuba.
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What best describes the guiding principle behind the foreign policies of Kennedy and Johnson?
• They wanted to stop the spread of communism
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Why did the Soviets build the Berlin Wall?
• To stop East Germans from fleeing to the democratic or capitalist West
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What was the goal of the Peace Corps?
• Program established to send volunteers to help developing nations around the world
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When did President Kennedy say NASA would land a man on the moon?
• The Year 1961
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How did television change the way Americans felt about war during the Vietnam War?
• They felt bad because it showed the brutality of the war into people’s living rooms
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What is a conscientious objector?
• People who opposed fighting the war on moral or religious grounds
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What principle became associated with U.S. involvement in Southeast Asia ?
• The domino theory
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Why did refugees from Southeast Asia come to the U.S. after the Vietnam War?
• To escape persecution, starvation and labor camps
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Why did the Vietnam War finally end in 1975?
• North Vietnam gained control over all of Vietnam
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Civil Rights
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What did the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education end?
• The “separate but equal” doctrine
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Why were even civil rights opponents shocked by television coverage of the way police handled non-violent protests?
• They were shocked by the police violence.
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What was the goal of the March on Washington (1963)?
• Try to convince Congress to pass civil rights legislation
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What policy did Martin Luther King, Jr. and other members of the SCLC encourage?
• Nonviolent protests
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What was the goal of the Selma march?
• Wanted to get voting rights legislation passed
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What was the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
• Gave African Americans the right to vote.
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Before his pilgrimage to Mecca, what did Malcolm X encourage African Americans to do?
• To separate themselves from white society
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What were Freedom Rides supposed to test?
• A Supreme Court decision that declared bus segregation illegal
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What did Black Panthers want African Americans to do?
• Become self-sufficient and lead their own communities
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What was President Johnson’s “Great Society”?
• He wanted to end poverty • He created a group of antipoverty programs
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What was perestroika and glasnost?
• They helped cause the fall of Communist regimes in Eastern Europe.