SECOND RIEL REBELLIONSECOND RIEL REBELLION

AFTER THE RED RIVER AFTER THE RED RIVER REBELLIONREBELLION

1870 MANITOBA ACT. LAND, RELIGION, LANGUAGE, 1870 MANITOBA ACT. LAND, RELIGION, LANGUAGE, SCHOOLS ALL GUARANTEED. SCHOOLS ALL GUARANTEED.

TROOPS ARRIVED AUGUST 1870 BUT RIEL HAD FLED TROOPS ARRIVED AUGUST 1870 BUT RIEL HAD FLED NO REPERCUSSIONS FOR THE MURDER OF THOMAS NO REPERCUSSIONS FOR THE MURDER OF THOMAS SCOTTSCOTT

1874 MACKENZIE BROKE THE MANITOBA ACT AND 1874 MACKENZIE BROKE THE MANITOBA ACT AND MOST MÉTIS MOVED FURTHER WEST (SASK).MOST MÉTIS MOVED FURTHER WEST (SASK).

1874-1877 OTHER NATIVE GROUPS WERE 1874-1877 OTHER NATIVE GROUPS WERE DECIMATED BY ILLNESS AND STARVATION.DECIMATED BY ILLNESS AND STARVATION.

1880-1884 RAILWAY MOVING WEST FROM MANITOBA, 1880-1884 RAILWAY MOVING WEST FROM MANITOBA, EAST FROM BC.EAST FROM BC.

AS SURVEYORS SHOW UP PEOPLE IN SASK WORRIED, LOOK AS SURVEYORS SHOW UP PEOPLE IN SASK WORRIED, LOOK FOR LEADERFOR LEADER

PEOPLE THERE WERE MÉTIS, ENGLISH, AND NATIVESPEOPLE THERE WERE MÉTIS, ENGLISH, AND NATIVES

GABRIEL DUMONT ADVOCATES FOR RIEL, BUT HE’S IN USAGABRIEL DUMONT ADVOCATES FOR RIEL, BUT HE’S IN USA

AFTER MANITOBA MACDONALD DOES NOT GRANT AMNESTYAFTER MANITOBA MACDONALD DOES NOT GRANT AMNESTY

MACKENZIE AGREES TO AMNESTY IF BANISH TO USA FOR FIVE MACKENZIE AGREES TO AMNESTY IF BANISH TO USA FOR FIVE YEARSYEARS

2 YEARS IN MONTREAL IN SECRET (INSANE ASYLUM)2 YEARS IN MONTREAL IN SECRET (INSANE ASYLUM)

JULY 1884 MÉTIS UNDER DUMONT GO TO FETCH HIM IN JULY 1884 MÉTIS UNDER DUMONT GO TO FETCH HIM IN MONTANA WHERE HE WAS MARRIED AND A TEACHERMONTANA WHERE HE WAS MARRIED AND A TEACHER

RIEL FELT HE HAD DONE SOMETHING SPECIAL IN MANITOBA RIEL FELT HE HAD DONE SOMETHING SPECIAL IN MANITOBA BUT UNDONE BY OTHERS, CHANCE TO MAKE AMENDSBUT UNDONE BY OTHERS, CHANCE TO MAKE AMENDS

GABRIEL DUMONT MÉTIS LEADER ON THE LEFT, AND THE ROUTE OF THE CPR ABOVE.

CONSTRUCTION BEGAN BOTH IN THE WEST AND EAST SO MÉTIS IN SASK WERE BEING CONVERGED UPON

RIEL SUFFERING DELUSIONSRIEL SUFFERING DELUSIONS

DAVID OF THE MÉTIS NATION, JULY 1884 HEADS DAVID OF THE MÉTIS NATION, JULY 1884 HEADS BACK TO NORTH WEST TERRITORYBACK TO NORTH WEST TERRITORY

AGREES TO LEAD THE MÉTIS, ALLIANCE WITH THE AGREES TO LEAD THE MÉTIS, ALLIANCE WITH THE CREE NATION TRIBES AGAINST THE GOV’T OF CREE NATION TRIBES AGAINST THE GOV’T OF CANADACANADA

BEGINS BY NEGOTIATIONS, OTTAWA SHOWS NO BEGINS BY NEGOTIATIONS, OTTAWA SHOWS NO INTEREST, SO RIEL DECIDES TO GO FURTHERINTEREST, SO RIEL DECIDES TO GO FURTHER

MARCH 1885 SETS UP PROVISIONAL GOV’T IN MARCH 1885 SETS UP PROVISIONAL GOV’T IN BATOCHE WITH DUMONT AS MILITARY LEADERBATOCHE WITH DUMONT AS MILITARY LEADER

NATIVE ALLIANCE WITH POUNDMAKER AND BIG NATIVE ALLIANCE WITH POUNDMAKER AND BIG BEARBEAR

ENGLISH SUPPORTERS BACK OFF AS FEAR OPEN ENGLISH SUPPORTERS BACK OFF AS FEAR OPEN REBELLIONREBELLION

LOUIS RIEL (CENTER) WITH HIS PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT IN 1885

THE TWO MAIN NATIVE CHIEFS TO SIDE WITH THE MÉTIS BIG BEAR TO LEFTAND POUNDMAKER TO THE RIGHT.

BLOODSHED!BLOODSHED! NWMP AND LOCAL MILITIA MARCHING TO ESTABLISH ROUTE NWMP AND LOCAL MILITIA MARCHING TO ESTABLISH ROUTE

BETWEEN FORTSBETWEEN FORTS

DUMONT SET UP GROUP OF WARRIORS TO AMBUSH THEMDUMONT SET UP GROUP OF WARRIORS TO AMBUSH THEM

SURROUNDED THE NWMP ATTEMPT TO NEGOTIATESURROUNDED THE NWMP ATTEMPT TO NEGOTIATE

DURING TALKS SHOTS RING OUT (BOTH BLAME OTHER) AND DURING TALKS SHOTS RING OUT (BOTH BLAME OTHER) AND FIGHTING BEGANFIGHTING BEGAN

IN THE BATTLE OF DUCK LAKE 10 NWMP OFFICERS KILLED IN THE BATTLE OF DUCK LAKE 10 NWMP OFFICERS KILLED (STILL BLOODIEST DAY) MARCH 26,1885(STILL BLOODIEST DAY) MARCH 26,1885

DUMONT (WOUNDED IN HEAD) WANTED TO FINISH OFF DUMONT (WOUNDED IN HEAD) WANTED TO FINISH OFF COLUMN, RIEL SAID ENOUGH BLOOD LET THEM GOCOLUMN, RIEL SAID ENOUGH BLOOD LET THEM GO

THIS SUCCESS LED TO NATIVE UPRISINGS. ANGRY OVER THIS SUCCESS LED TO NATIVE UPRISINGS. ANGRY OVER TREATIES, TREATMENT, BUFFALO ETCTREATIES, TREATMENT, BUFFALO ETC

A PRINT SHOWING MÉTIS SHARPSHOOTERS DEFENDING/MURDERING?

FROG LAKE MASSACRE (WANDERING SPIRIT, FROG LAKE MASSACRE (WANDERING SPIRIT, HANGED) 10 WHITE SETTLERS KILLED APRIL 2,1885HANGED) 10 WHITE SETTLERS KILLED APRIL 2,1885

ENG CANADA DEMANDS ACTION, MACDONALD ENG CANADA DEMANDS ACTION, MACDONALD TRAPPED BY RIEL AGAINTRAPPED BY RIEL AGAIN

MORE VIOLENT, CAN’T IGNORE, CHANCE TO SHOW MORE VIOLENT, CAN’T IGNORE, CHANCE TO SHOW WORTH OF RWYWORTH OF RWY

GENERAL MIDDLETON AND 5000 TROOPS SENT TO GENERAL MIDDLETON AND 5000 TROOPS SENT TO SASK TO DEAL WITH REBELLIONSASK TO DEAL WITH REBELLION

STOPPED COLD AT BATTLE OF FISH CREEK APRIL STOPPED COLD AT BATTLE OF FISH CREEK APRIL 24,1885 (200 MÉTIS VS 900 SOLDIERS) (4 MÉTIS 24,1885 (200 MÉTIS VS 900 SOLDIERS) (4 MÉTIS KILLED, 10 SOLDIERS KILLED + 45 WOUNDED) KILLED, 10 SOLDIERS KILLED + 45 WOUNDED) SLOWING DOWN ADVANCE TOWARD BATOCHESLOWING DOWN ADVANCE TOWARD BATOCHE

BATTLE OF FISH CREEK HELD UP THE ADVANCE OF MIDDLETON.

MÉTIS SHARPSHOOTERS KNEW THE LAND, HOW TO USE CAMOUFLAGE,HOW TO FIRE ETC. BR/CDN FORCES USED “NORMAL” WARFARE. THISEXPLAINS THE CASUALTIES FROM PREVIOUS SLIDE

MAY 2,1885 BATTLE OF CUT KNIFEMAY 2,1885 BATTLE OF CUT KNIFE

COLONEL OTTER IN CHARGE OF 350 MENCOLONEL OTTER IN CHARGE OF 350 MEN

POUNDMAKER (CREE AND ASSINIBOINE) HAD TAKEN POUNDMAKER (CREE AND ASSINIBOINE) HAD TAKEN OVER A FORT TO DEMAND BETTER TREATMENTOVER A FORT TO DEMAND BETTER TREATMENT

MIDDLETON ORDERED OTTER TO STAY PUT IN NORTH MIDDLETON ORDERED OTTER TO STAY PUT IN NORTH BATTLEFORD, BUT OTTER WANTED TO “PUNISH BATTLEFORD, BUT OTTER WANTED TO “PUNISH POUNDMAKER”POUNDMAKER”

MARCHES TO INDIAN VILLAGE, GATLING GUN FIRED INTO MARCHES TO INDIAN VILLAGE, GATLING GUN FIRED INTO VILLAGE OR WOMEN AND CHILDREN.VILLAGE OR WOMEN AND CHILDREN.

50 BRAVES ATTACK, ENCIRCLE AND DEFEAT OTTER50 BRAVES ATTACK, ENCIRCLE AND DEFEAT OTTER

WOULD HAVE KILLED ALL 350 BUT POUNDMAKER WOULD HAVE KILLED ALL 350 BUT POUNDMAKER PREVENTED MASSACRE AND LET THEM LEAVEPREVENTED MASSACRE AND LET THEM LEAVE

REMEMBER OTTER, HE’LL BE IMPORTANT LATER TOO!REMEMBER OTTER, HE’LL BE IMPORTANT LATER TOO!

BATTLE OF CUT KNIFE WHERE OTTER WASDEFEATED BY NATIVES. 5 NATIVES WERE KILLED, 3 WOUNDED. OTTER LOST 8 KIA AND14 WOUNDED. COULD HAVE BEEN WORSE

SIR WILLIAM DILLON OTTER. CANADA’S FIRSTPROFESSIONAL SOLDIER.

I DON’T LIKE HIM MUCH!

BATTLE OF BATOCHE MAY 1885BATTLE OF BATOCHE MAY 1885 DESPITE VICTORIES, MIDDLETON STILL MOVING TO BATOCHEDESPITE VICTORIES, MIDDLETON STILL MOVING TO BATOCHE

MÉTIS DELAYING INEVITABLE. BY MAY 5 CDN FORCES AT BATOCHEMÉTIS DELAYING INEVITABLE. BY MAY 5 CDN FORCES AT BATOCHE

MÉTIS LAST STANDMÉTIS LAST STAND

11STST TACTICAL BATTLE OF CDN ARMY TACTICAL BATTLE OF CDN ARMY

MIDDLETON HAD LEARNED FROM MISTAKESMIDDLETON HAD LEARNED FROM MISTAKES

SLOW METHODICAL APPROACH TO BATOCHESLOW METHODICAL APPROACH TO BATOCHE

ENCIRCLED TOWN, USED GATLING GUNS, HEAVY ARTILLERY TO SHELL ENCIRCLED TOWN, USED GATLING GUNS, HEAVY ARTILLERY TO SHELL TOWNTOWN

OVER WEEK MANY MÉTIS WOUNDED, OUT OF AMMO, ETCOVER WEEK MANY MÉTIS WOUNDED, OUT OF AMMO, ETC

THEN ATTACKS WITH FULL FORCETHEN ATTACKS WITH FULL FORCE

BY MAY 12, MÉTIS FIRING NAILS, ROCKS OUT OF RIFLES.BY MAY 12, MÉTIS FIRING NAILS, ROCKS OUT OF RIFLES.

MIDDLETON CHARGES AND PUSHES OUT REMAINING MÉTISMIDDLETON CHARGES AND PUSHES OUT REMAINING MÉTIS

51 MÉTIS KILLED, WOUNDED, OR CAPTURED. MIDDLETON LOST 51 MÉTIS KILLED, WOUNDED, OR CAPTURED. MIDDLETON LOST 8 KIA AND 22 WOUNDED8 KIA AND 22 WOUNDED

RIEL WAS COMPLETELY INSANE BY NOWRIEL WAS COMPLETELY INSANE BY NOW

HAD GONE FROM PROPHET OF MÉTIS (DAVID) TO POPE OF HAD GONE FROM PROPHET OF MÉTIS (DAVID) TO POPE OF NEW CATHOLIC CHURCH (LEGALIZED POLYGAMY) TO CHRIST’S NEW CATHOLIC CHURCH (LEGALIZED POLYGAMY) TO CHRIST’S SECOND COMINGSECOND COMING

DURING BATTLE STOOD IN SHAPE OF CROSSDURING BATTLE STOOD IN SHAPE OF CROSS

DUMONT ESCAPES, TRIED TO GET RIEL TO GO WITH HIM, BUT DUMONT ESCAPES, TRIED TO GET RIEL TO GO WITH HIM, BUT REFUSED, SO CAPTUREDREFUSED, SO CAPTURED

BELL FROM BATOCHE CHURCH TAKEN BACK TO ONTARIO AS BELL FROM BATOCHE CHURCH TAKEN BACK TO ONTARIO AS WAR TROPHYWAR TROPHY

MÉTIS WANT BACK ONT REFUSES. SO MÉTIS DELEGATION MÉTIS WANT BACK ONT REFUSES. SO MÉTIS DELEGATION STOLE IT AND SOME MEDALS IN 1991STOLE IT AND SOME MEDALS IN 1991

PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN BY CDN MILITIAMAN AT THE OPENING OF THE BATTLE OF BATOCHE. IMAGE CAPTURES THE OPENING SHELLING OF THE TOWN OF BATOCHE

SIR FREDERICK MIDDLETON. GENERALOF THE BRITISH ARMY AND CDN MILITIAWHO COMMANDED THE DOMINION FORCES IN THE NORTH WEST REBELLION.

THE CHURCH TOWER OF BATOCHEMISSING ITS BELL WHICH WAS NAMEDMARIE ANTOINETTE

AFTER BATOCHEAFTER BATOCHE

FEW MINOR SKIRMISHES WITH NATIVESFEW MINOR SKIRMISHES WITH NATIVES

END OF JUNE NW REBELLION OVEREND OF JUNE NW REBELLION OVER

WHAT TO DO WITH PRISONERS?WHAT TO DO WITH PRISONERS?

MANY MÉTIS AND NATIVES HANGEDMANY MÉTIS AND NATIVES HANGED

MOST WHITES GIVEN SMALL SENTENCESMOST WHITES GIVEN SMALL SENTENCES

NATIVES PUSHED BACK TO RESERVATIONS AT THE NATIVES PUSHED BACK TO RESERVATIONS AT THE MERCY OF INDIAN AGENTS WHO ABUSED POWER MERCY OF INDIAN AGENTS WHO ABUSED POWER

GROUP OF MÉTIS PRISONERS AFTER BATOCHE. RAG TAG BUNCH TO SAY THE LEAST, BUT THEY FOUGHT WELL AS THEY WERE FIGHTING FOR A CAUSE, THEIR HOME AND CULTURE.

IMPORTANCE OF BATOCHE SHOWS THE IMPORTANCE OF BATOCHE SHOWS THE DETERMINATION OF GOV’T OF CANADA TO DEFEND DETERMINATION OF GOV’T OF CANADA TO DEFEND TERRITORYTERRITORY

ALLOWS MACDONALD TO SHOW IMP OF RWY IN ALLOWS MACDONALD TO SHOW IMP OF RWY IN DEFENSE (TWO WEEKS TO GET TO SASK RATHER DEFENSE (TWO WEEKS TO GET TO SASK RATHER THAN 3 MONTHS IN RED RIVER) THAN 3 MONTHS IN RED RIVER)

MORE MONEY GIVEN TO STEPHEN AND SMITH TO MORE MONEY GIVEN TO STEPHEN AND SMITH TO FINISH RWYFINISH RWY

BIGGEST ISSUE WAS UNDOUBTEDLY WHAT TO DO BIGGEST ISSUE WAS UNDOUBTEDLY WHAT TO DO WITH RIELWITH RIEL

ONTARIO DEMANDED HANGING, QUE DEMANDING ONTARIO DEMANDED HANGING, QUE DEMANDING LENIENCYLENIENCY

UPPER LEFT, SURVEYING STATIONFOR THE CPR. ABOVE RIGHT, ONEOF THE FIRST TRAINS TO CROSSTHE COUNTRY ON THE CPR. TOTHE LEFT, DONALD SMITH DRIVESTHE LAST SPIKE OF THE CPR.

ACTUALLY IT WAS THE SECOND LAST SPIKE

TRIED FOR TREASON, BUT HAD TO USE ANCIENT TRIED FOR TREASON, BUT HAD TO USE ANCIENT TREASON DEFINITION TO MAKE IT FITTREASON DEFINITION TO MAKE IT FIT

JURY WAS SIX ENGLISH SPEAKING PROTESTANTSJURY WAS SIX ENGLISH SPEAKING PROTESTANTS

LAWYERS WANT TO USE INSANITY PLEA, HE LAWYERS WANT TO USE INSANITY PLEA, HE REFUSED, FIRED LAWYERS “Life, without the dignity of REFUSED, FIRED LAWYERS “Life, without the dignity of an intelligent being, is not worth having.”an intelligent being, is not worth having.”

DEFENDED SELF REFUSED TO BE LABELLED INSANE DEFENDED SELF REFUSED TO BE LABELLED INSANE B/C ALL WORK WOULD BE THAT OF A MAD MAN. B/C ALL WORK WOULD BE THAT OF A MAD MAN. WOULD RATHER MARTYR FOR A CAUSEWOULD RATHER MARTYR FOR A CAUSE

WAS FOUND GUILTY AFTER FIVE DAY TRIAL, WAS FOUND GUILTY AFTER FIVE DAY TRIAL, SENTENCED TO HANG (JURY RECOMMENDED SENTENCED TO HANG (JURY RECOMMENDED LENIENCY)LENIENCY)

QUEEN ASKED LENIENCY, USA ASKED LENIENCY, QUEEN ASKED LENIENCY, USA ASKED LENIENCY, POPE ASKED LENIENCY, MACDONALD REFUSED, POPE ASKED LENIENCY, MACDONALD REFUSED, LOUIS RIEL HANGED NOV 16,1885 IN REGINALOUIS RIEL HANGED NOV 16,1885 IN REGINA

AS EXECUTION APPROACHED RIEL DID TRY TO AS EXECUTION APPROACHED RIEL DID TRY TO PROVE INSANE AT TIME OF SECOND REBELLIONPROVE INSANE AT TIME OF SECOND REBELLION

JOHN A MACDONALD “He shall hang though every dog in JOHN A MACDONALD “He shall hang though every dog in Quebec bark in his favour.”Quebec bark in his favour.”

HANGING OF RIEL LOST QUE FOR MACDONALD AND HANGING OF RIEL LOST QUE FOR MACDONALD AND CONSERVATIVES FOR A LONG TIMECONSERVATIVES FOR A LONG TIME

BEFORE EXECUTION RECONCILED WITH CHURCH, BEFORE EXECUTION RECONCILED WITH CHURCH, AND GIVEN LAST RIGHTSAND GIVEN LAST RIGHTS

AFTER EXECUTION REMAINS SENT TO ST BONIFACE AFTER EXECUTION REMAINS SENT TO ST BONIFACE CHURCHYARDCHURCHYARD

FEBRUARY 2008 LOUIS RIEL DAY ESTABLISHED IN FEBRUARY 2008 LOUIS RIEL DAY ESTABLISHED IN MANITOBAMANITOBA

RETRIED FOR CBC FEW YEARS AGO, GUILTY AGAINRETRIED FOR CBC FEW YEARS AGO, GUILTY AGAIN

LOUIS RIEL AGE 14

LOUIS RIEL MAY 1885 AS A PRISONER OF GENERAL MIDDLETON. PICTURE TAKENIN MIDDLETON’S CAMP

LOUIS RIEL GIVING TESTIMONY AT HIS TRIAL ABOVE, AND TO THERIGHT THE DEATH CERTIFICATEOF LOUIS RIEL

RIEL’S TOMBSTONE IN ST BONIFACE TOTHE LEFT, AND HIS CHILDREN BELOW

STATUE OF RIEL IN WINNIPEG. WHAT DO YOU SUPPOSE IS IN HIS HANDS?

ORIGINAL COFFIN OF LOUIS RIEL

http://www.histori.ca/minutes/minute.do?id=10646

Rethinking Riel | CBC Archives

Rethinking Riel | CBC Archives

LEGACY?LEGACY?

SINCE HANGING OF RIEL, QUE HAS VOTED SINCE HANGING OF RIEL, QUE HAS VOTED CONSERVATIVE 4 TIMES.CONSERVATIVE 4 TIMES.

JOHN A MACDONALD 8JOHN A MACDONALD 8THTH GREATEST CANADIAN OF GREATEST CANADIAN OF ALL TIMEALL TIME

LOUIS RIEL WAS 11LOUIS RIEL WAS 11THTH

DON CHERRY WAS 7DON CHERRY WAS 7THTH (WHAT A JOKE) (WHAT A JOKE)

YOUR OPINION? HERO OR TRAITOR? BOTH?YOUR OPINION? HERO OR TRAITOR? BOTH?

ELECTION ISSUES OF 1887ELECTION ISSUES OF 1887 NATIONAL POLICY (QUE ONT) (EAST AND WEST)NATIONAL POLICY (QUE ONT) (EAST AND WEST)

RIEL HANGING (FRENCH ENGLISH)RIEL HANGING (FRENCH ENGLISH)

ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN GLOBALLYECONOMIC SLOWDOWN GLOBALLY

RWY CONSTRUCTION COMING TO ENDRWY CONSTRUCTION COMING TO END

CONSERVATIVES WIN 123-92CONSERVATIVES WIN 123-92

REALLY BECAUSE OF EDWARD BLAKE AND DISUNITY IN THE REALLY BECAUSE OF EDWARD BLAKE AND DISUNITY IN THE LIBERAL CAMP, BUT THAT IS STORY FOR TOMORROWLIBERAL CAMP, BUT THAT IS STORY FOR TOMORROW