Searches for Heavy Stable Charged Particles at the LHC · 2015-11-12 · 12/11/2015 - Searches for...
Transcript of Searches for Heavy Stable Charged Particles at the LHC · 2015-11-12 · 12/11/2015 - Searches for...
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Searches for Heavy Stable Charged Particles
at the LHC
Loïc Quertenmont
on behalf of CMS and ATLAS
12 November 2015
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 2
What are we talking about ?
Appears in many scenarios and in various forms….
+++ other more exotic models/particles
(monopoles, quirks, dyons, etc.)
arXiv:hep-ph/0611040 Fairbairn et al.
SUSY EXOTIC
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 3
A rich phenomenology, dictating the experimental signature
• Heavy
• Stable
• Charged
What are we talking about ?
![Page 4: Searches for Heavy Stable Charged Particles at the LHC · 2015-11-12 · 12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC Loic.Quertenmont@cern.ch 6 A rich phenomenology, dictating the experimental](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060315/5f0bd7887e708231d4327ace/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 4
A rich phenomenology, dictating the experimental signature
• Heavy Slow particle β<1
• Stable
• Charged
What are we talking about ?
![Page 5: Searches for Heavy Stable Charged Particles at the LHC · 2015-11-12 · 12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC Loic.Quertenmont@cern.ch 6 A rich phenomenology, dictating the experimental](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060315/5f0bd7887e708231d4327ace/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 5
A rich phenomenology, dictating the experimental signature
• Heavy Slow particle β<1
• Stable Long-lived 1) Reach the tracker cτ > O(0.1)m 2) Escape the detector cτ > O(10)m 3) Stop in Asynchronous decay cτ > O(100)m
• Charged
What are we talking about ?
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 6
A rich phenomenology, dictating the experimental signature
• Heavy Slow particle β<1
• Stable Long-lived 1) Reach the tracker cτ > O(0.1)m 2) Escape the detector cτ > O(10)m 3) Stop in Asynchronous decay cτ > O(100)m
• Charged Electric lepton-like |Q|<<e, |Q|<e, |Q|=e, |Q|>e, |Q|>>e Color hadron-like R-hadron properties ?! (gluinoball, charge flip, interaction w/ matter, etc.) Magnetic monopoles, dyons Exotic quirks, …
What are we talking about ?
![Page 7: Searches for Heavy Stable Charged Particles at the LHC · 2015-11-12 · 12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC Loic.Quertenmont@cern.ch 6 A rich phenomenology, dictating the experimental](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060315/5f0bd7887e708231d4327ace/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 7
A rich phenomenology, dictating the experimental signature
• Heavy Slow particle β<1
• Stable Long-lived 1) Reach the tracker cτ > O(0.1)m 2) Escape the detector cτ > O(10)m 3) Stop in Asynchronous decay cτ > O(100)m
• Charged Electric lepton-like |Q|<<e, |Q|<e, |Q|=e, |Q|>e, |Q|>>e Color hadron-like R-hadron properties ?! (gluinoball, charge flip, interaction w/ matter, etc.) Magnetic monopoles, dyons Exotic quirks, …
Terminology : HSCP=SMP=ChaMP=CmLLP=…
What are we talking about ? IO
NIZ
AT
ION
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 8
Experimental Signature
IONIZING
dE/dx
SLOW
Time Of Flight
with δt = delay
Magnetic charge gD Q ~ 68.5e
β resolution improves
with time resolution (δt)
and with lever arm (L)
dE/dx resolution improves
with #layers, sensor
thickness and readout
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 9
Experimental Signature
IONIZING
dE/dx
SLOW
Time Of Flight
with δt = delay
Magnetic charge gD Q ~ 68.5e
If dE/dx is (high)
comparable to the
kinetic energy
The particle may
stop in the detector
and decay later
β resolution improves
with time resolution (δt)
and with lever arm (L)
STOPPED
Decay
asynchronously
w.r.t LHC bunch
dE/dx resolution improves
with #layers, sensor
thickness and readout
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 11
ATLAS/CMS Detectors for HSCP
Time of Flight
Muon Chambers
DT + CSC
Calorimeter
Muon Chambers
MDT + RPC
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 12
ATLAS/CMS Detectors for HSCP
Time of Flight
Pixel
tracker Strip
tracker
Muon Chambers
DT + CSC
dE/dx
Pixel
tracker
Calorimeter Calorimeter
Muon Chambers
MDT + RPC
Calorimeter
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 13
ATLAS/CMS Detectors for HSCP
Time of Flight
Pixel
tracker Strip
tracker
Muon Chambers
DT + CSC
dE/dx
Pixel
tracker
Calorimeter Calorimeter
Muon Chambers
MDT + RPC
TRT*
tracker
MDT*
* = only in special stream
Calorimeter Calorimeter*
* = only if dEdx>> O(1) GeV
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 14
ATLAS/CMS Detectors for HSCP
R0 R+
R+
R+
R+ R0
R+ R0
Stay charge
all along
Charged in
tracker only Charged in
muon syst. only
• R-Hadron charge can flip due to nuclear interaction
• Many possible R-Hadron interaction models some predicts that flipping to neutral is more likely
• Gluino ball fraction (f) is also unknown (even if 10% in pythia)
p+ π0
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 15
ATLAS/CMS Searches
R-Hadron ?
Q/gd charge ?
Charge ? |Q|<1 |Q|>1* |Q|=1 ± 0
*= apply to gD≠0
Stopped in ?
no yes
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 16
ATLAS/CMS Searches
R-Hadron ?
Q/gd charge ?
Charge ?
± ± ± 0 0 ± 00
|Q|<1 |Q|>1* |Q|=1
|Q|~1/2 |Q|<<1 |Q|>>1* |Q|<8 |Q|=1
± 0
*= apply to gD≠0
Stopped in ?
no yes
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 17
ATLAS/CMS Searches
R-Hadron ?
Q/gd charge ?
Charge ?
± ± ± 0 0 ± 00
|Q|<1 |Q|>1* |Q|=1
|Q|~1/2 |Q|<<1 |Q|>>1* |Q|<8 |Q|=1
± 0
Not covered
But proposal
for LHC exp.
arXiv:1410.6816
*= apply to gD≠0
CMS : TK
arXiv:1305.0491
pT + dEdx
Stopped in ?
no yes
![Page 18: Searches for Heavy Stable Charged Particles at the LHC · 2015-11-12 · 12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC Loic.Quertenmont@cern.ch 6 A rich phenomenology, dictating the experimental](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060315/5f0bd7887e708231d4327ace/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 18
Selected Results on: Q<1
The search in a nutshell
• Challenges:
• Small energy loss LHC detectors and DAQ designed for Q=1
• Out-of-time particles (cosmics/ghost) also lead to low dE/dx
• Advantage:
• Tracking: high reco pT (=pTTrue / Q)
signature Background (ABCD) Limits
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 19
ATLAS/CMS Searches
R-Hadron ?
Q/gd charge ?
Charge ?
± ± ± 0 0 ± 00
|Q|<1 |Q|>1* |Q|=1
|Q|~1/2 |Q|<<1 |Q|>>1* |Q|<8 |Q|=1
± 0
Not covered
But proposal
for LHC exp.
arXiv:1410.6816
*= apply to gD≠0
CMS : TK
arXiv:1305.0491
pT + dEdx
Stopped in ?
no yes
![Page 20: Searches for Heavy Stable Charged Particles at the LHC · 2015-11-12 · 12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC Loic.Quertenmont@cern.ch 6 A rich phenomenology, dictating the experimental](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060315/5f0bd7887e708231d4327ace/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 20
ATLAS/CMS Searches
R-Hadron ?
Q/gd charge ?
Charge ?
± ± ± 0 0 ± 00
|Q|<1 |Q|>1* |Q|=1
|Q|~1/2 |Q|<<1 |Q|>>1* |Q|<8 |Q|=1
± 0
Not covered
But proposal
for LHC exp.
arXiv:1410.6816
*= apply to gD≠0
CMS : TK
arXiv:1305.0491
pT + dEdx
ATLAS: TRT+EM
arXiv1509.08059 10<Q<60 & 0.5<gD<1.5
arXiv:1102.0459 6<Q<17
CMS : TK+MS
arXiv:1305.0491
dEdx + TOF
ATLAS: arXiv:1504.04188 dEdx PIX,TRT,MDT
Stopped in ?
no yes
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 21
Selected Results on: 1<Q<10
The search in a nutshell
• Challenges:
• Tracking: smaller reco pT (=pTTrue / Q) trigger & background rate
• Solutions:
• Requires it to reach MS (many redundant measurements dE/dx or TOF)
• Keep track pT threshold as low as possible (40GeV)
Comparable Limits
CMS/ATLAS
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 22
Selected Results on: Q>>1 or gD≠0
The search in a nutshell
• Challenges:
• Tracking: small reco pT (=pTTrue / Q) or track bending for gD≠0
• Huge energy loss: not reach outer detector (+ possible DAQ issues)
• Solutions: Dedicated trigger + no tracking + only inner detectors (TRT and EM)
TR
T in
fo
EM info
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 23
ATLAS/CMS Searches
R-Hadron ?
Q/gd charge ?
Charge ?
± ± ± 0 0 ± 00
|Q|<1 |Q|>1* |Q|=1
|Q|~1/2 |Q|<<1 |Q|>>1* |Q|<8 |Q|=1
± 0
Not covered
But proposal
for LHC exp.
arXiv:1410.6816
*= apply to gD≠0
CMS : TK
arXiv:1305.0491
pT + dEdx
ATLAS: TRT+EM
arXiv1509.08059 10<Q<60 & 0.5<gD<1.5
arXiv:1102.0459 6<Q<17
CMS : TK+MS
arXiv:1305.0491
dEdx + TOF
ATLAS: arXiv:1504.04188 dEdx PIX,TRT,MDT
Stopped in ?
no yes
![Page 24: Searches for Heavy Stable Charged Particles at the LHC · 2015-11-12 · 12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC Loic.Quertenmont@cern.ch 6 A rich phenomenology, dictating the experimental](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060315/5f0bd7887e708231d4327ace/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 24
ATLAS/CMS Searches
R-Hadron ?
Q/gd charge ?
Charge ?
± ± ± 0 0 ± 00
|Q|<1 |Q|>1* |Q|=1
|Q|~1/2 |Q|<<1 |Q|>>1* |Q|<8 |Q|=1
± 0
Not covered
But proposal
for LHC exp.
arXiv:1410.6816
*= apply to gD≠0
CMS : TK
arXiv:1305.0491
pT + dEdx
ATLAS: TRT+EM
arXiv1509.08059 10<Q<60 & 0.5<gD<1.5
arXiv:1102.0459 6<Q<17
CMS : TK+MS
arXiv:1305.0491
dEdx + TOF
ATLAS: arXiv:1504.04188 dEdx PIX,TRT,MDT
Stopped in ?
CMS: CALO
arXiv:1501.05603
ATLAS: CALO
arXiv:1310.6584
no yes
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 25
Selected Results on: Stopped HSCP
The search in a nutshell
• Signature: Energetic jet w/o pp collisions
• Backgrounds: cosmics, beam halo, det. noise
gluino
stop
sbottom
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 26
ATLAS/CMS Searches
R-Hadron ?
Q/gd charge ?
Charge ?
± ± ± 0 0 ± 00
|Q|<1 |Q|>1* |Q|=1
|Q|~1/2 |Q|<<1 |Q|>>1* |Q|<8 |Q|=1
± 0
Not covered
But proposal
for LHC exp.
arXiv:1410.6816
*= apply to gD≠0
CMS : TK
arXiv:1305.0491
pT + dEdx
ATLAS: TRT+EM
arXiv1509.08059 10<Q<60 & 0.5<gD<1.5
arXiv:1102.0459 6<Q<17
CMS : TK+MS
arXiv:1305.0491
dEdx + TOF
ATLAS: arXiv:1504.04188 dEdx PIX,TRT,MDT
Stopped in ?
CMS: CALO
arXiv:1501.05603
ATLAS: CALO
arXiv:1310.6584
no yes
![Page 27: Searches for Heavy Stable Charged Particles at the LHC · 2015-11-12 · 12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC Loic.Quertenmont@cern.ch 6 A rich phenomenology, dictating the experimental](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060315/5f0bd7887e708231d4327ace/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 27
ATLAS/CMS Searches
R-Hadron ?
Q/gd charge ?
Charge ?
± ± ± 0 0 ± 00
|Q|<1 |Q|>1* |Q|=1
|Q|~1/2 |Q|<<1 |Q|>>1* |Q|<8 |Q|=1
± 0
Not covered
But proposal
for LHC exp.
arXiv:1410.6816
*= apply to gD≠0
CMS : TK
arXiv:1305.0491
pT + dEdx
ATLAS: TRT+EM
arXiv1509.08059 10<Q<60 & 0.5<gD<1.5
arXiv:1102.0459 6<Q<17
CMS : TK+MS
arXiv:1305.0491
dEdx + TOF
ATLAS: arXiv:1504.04188 dEdx PIX,TRT,MDT
CMS: TK+MS
arXiv:1305.0491
pT + dEdx (+ TOF)
ATLAS:PIX+CALO+(MDT/RPC)
arXiv:1411.6795
pT + dEdx (+ TOF)
Stopped in ?
CMS: CALO
arXiv:1501.05603
ATLAS: CALO
arXiv:1310.6584
no yes
![Page 28: Searches for Heavy Stable Charged Particles at the LHC · 2015-11-12 · 12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC Loic.Quertenmont@cern.ch 6 A rich phenomenology, dictating the experimental](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060315/5f0bd7887e708231d4327ace/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 28
Selected Results: Regular (±± ) HSCP
• Very similar approached used by ATLAS and CMS
• Trigger : Muon OR MET
• Variables: pT (tracker), dE/dx (inner detector) and TOF ( Muon System)
• Background prediction based on ABCD and predicted mass sprectrum from pdf
• Main difference: ATLAS has a 2 HSCP/event category not considered by CMS
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12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 29
Selected Results: R-Hadrons (±0)
• Search almost identical to the R-Hadron (±±) search
• Differences are:
• Trigger efficiency is dominated by MET component
• TOF measurements from the MS are dropped
• CMS also considered pessimistic model where Prob(±0) is ~100%
![Page 30: Searches for Heavy Stable Charged Particles at the LHC · 2015-11-12 · 12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC Loic.Quertenmont@cern.ch 6 A rich phenomenology, dictating the experimental](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060315/5f0bd7887e708231d4327ace/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 30
ATLAS/CMS Searches
R-Hadron ?
Q/gd charge ?
Charge ?
± ± ± 0 0 ± 00
|Q|<1 |Q|>1* |Q|=1
|Q|~1/2 |Q|<<1 |Q|>>1* |Q|<8 |Q|=1
± 0
Not covered
But proposal
for LHC exp.
arXiv:1410.6816
*= apply to gD≠0
CMS : TK
arXiv:1305.0491
pT + dEdx
ATLAS: TRT+EM
arXiv1509.08059 10<Q<60 & 0.5<gD<1.5
arXiv:1102.0459 6<Q<17
CMS : TK+MS
arXiv:1305.0491
dEdx + TOF
ATLAS: arXiv:1504.04188 dEdx PIX,TRT,MDT
CMS: TK+MS
arXiv:1305.0491
pT + dEdx (+ TOF)
ATLAS:PIX+CALO+(MDT/RPC)
arXiv:1411.6795
pT + dEdx (+ TOF)
Stopped in ?
CMS: CALO
arXiv:1501.05603
ATLAS: CALO
arXiv:1310.6584
no yes
![Page 31: Searches for Heavy Stable Charged Particles at the LHC · 2015-11-12 · 12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC Loic.Quertenmont@cern.ch 6 A rich phenomenology, dictating the experimental](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060315/5f0bd7887e708231d4327ace/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
12/11/2015 - Searches for HSCP at the LHC [email protected] 31
ATLAS/CMS Searches
R-Hadron ?
Q/gd charge ?
Charge ?
± ± ± 0 0 ± 00
|Q|<1 |Q|>1* |Q|=1
|Q|~1/2 |Q|<<1 |Q|>>1* |Q|<8 |Q|=1
± 0
Covered by usual
SUSY
MET / Mono-X
searches
Not covered
But proposal
for LHC exp.
arXiv:1410.6816
*= apply to gD≠0
CMS : TK
arXiv:1305.0491
pT + dEdx
ATLAS: TRT+EM
arXiv1509.08059 10<Q<60 & 0.5<gD<1.5
arXiv:1102.0459 6<Q<17
CMS : TK+MS
arXiv:1305.0491
dEdx + TOF
ATLAS: arXiv:1504.04188 dEdx PIX,TRT,MDT
CMS: TK+MS
arXiv:1305.0491
pT + dEdx (+ TOF)
ATLAS:PIX+CALO+(MDT/RPC)
arXiv:1411.6795
pT + dEdx (+ TOF)
Stopped in ?
CMS: MS
arXiv:1305.0491 (19/fb)
ATLAS:MDT+RPC
arXiv:1106.4495 (37/pb)
CMS: CALO
arXiv:1501.05603
ATLAS: CALO
arXiv:1310.6584
no yes
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Selected Results: R-Hadrons (0±)
• Challenges:
• Invisible in the tracker
• Worse pT resolution (due to coarser hit position in the MS)
• High cosmic backgrounds (also out-of-time)
• Solutions:
• Dedicated trigger (stand alone muons without inner track matching)
• Tight Cosmic Veto
• Muon TOF must be compatible with IP collisions
Background (ABCD)
Limits vs fraction
of Gluino balls
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Results Recasting
• Despite the important number of HSCP analyses and physics cases studies, we clearly don’t cover the entire space of possibilities
• Interaction with matter
• (R-)hadronization (f gluino balls) or bouding (quirks, dyons)
• Production mechanisme kinematics
• Life time
• Some analyses provide signal acceptance for
• Very basic assumptions (e.g. DY-like production)
• Or even sometimes for a set of simplified models
• But, still the possibilities are so many that it is difficult to cover every models and/or ingredients for usual Simplified Model recasting.
RECASTING ENGENEERING NEEDED
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CMS HSCP recasting (first attempt)
• In CMS, we proposed a new technique to estimate the signal acceptance from
generator level information (no assumption on kinematics, mass split, etc.)
• The technique is valid for any number of lepton-like HSCP per event
• This was a first attempt that could in principle be generalized to Rhadron…
• Efficiency is decomposed event by event on « online » and « offline » components
that only depend on the long-lived particle kinematics:
• This allows to consider cases where one of the HSCP trigger the event and the
second one pass the offline selection.
are evaluated using a full simulation of the detector
The functions only depend on the kinematic (η,β,pT) of an individual long-lived particle.
These parameterizations are publicly available (hep-data).
• Recipe to account for HSCP isolation and/or shorter lifetimes are also provided
arXiv:1502.02522
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HSCP recasting toward pMSSM
• HSCP lifetime and isolation can also be taken into account.
• The technique was used to recast CMS results in the context of two models:
• Both considering cases of « finite lifetime »
pMSSM AMSB
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Recasting with sModels+HSCP
arXiv:1509.00473
1. Idea of sModels is to decompose a model in a sum of simplified models (accross channels) and compare the acceptance of each leg to exp. results
2. This was reccently extended to long-lived branches. Acceptance for 8 different simplified models were computed using the CMS recasting techniques: mProd, mInt and mHSCP were all varied from 50GeV to 3TeV
3. Limits were set on CMSSM stau co-annihilation by combining MET and HSCP signatures.
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Conclusion
• Both ATLAS and CMS have tracked down HSCP using many different techniques
• Electric charge form e/3 to 60e
• Magnetic charge from 0.5gD to 1.5gD
• Colour charge (stop, sbottom, gluino)
• Including a couple of models for hadronization and interaciton w/ matter
• Lifetimes from O(10-9) ns to infinity ( O(108) for stopped)
• So far, no signs of HSCP in 7 or 8 TeV LHC data
• But still many possible place to hide them…
• 13TeV door is just openning now…
• Still…. only a limited set of models / physics cases were considered
• Work on reintrepretation/recasting technique started…
• But more work/ideas are needed
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One more for the Zoo... soon…
HSCP
He is a bit slow
but really long-
lived. And yet to
be discovered…
+
More to come at 13TeV… …Stay tuned!
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Backups
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Disapearing track & pMSSM
Disapearing track partially
filling the gap on LL charginos
in pMSSM
But still ~50% to exclude there