Search Techniques for the Web
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Transcript of Search Techniques for the Web
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Search Techniques for the Web
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Internet Searching Keywords
The basis of all search techniques○ Main topic of search ○ Additional words to narrow search
But what if you still can’t find it?Boolean logic
○ Use “computer-ese” – language for machines!
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Plan Your Search Sometimes just keywords are too general Make a plan for your search
Identify concepts○ What are your keywords?
Make a listSpecify logical relationships
○ Boolean: AND, OR, NOT
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Choosing Keywords General keywords will return many results
Words that have different meaningsExample: Watch
○ Can mean timekeeping device or the verb “to look”
Before searching, compile a list of keywords and alternates to help refine your results.
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Example of Multiple Meaning Keyword
Return from Google on keyword “Watch”
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Choosing Keywords
Carefully specify keyword(s)If searching for “watch” as in timekeeping
device○ “Wristwatch”, or “wrist watch” – space implies
“AND”Use Boolean logic operators to include and
exclude unwanted terms.
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Boolean Searching: AND
Search engines assume “AND” when inputting multiple keywordsThe AND operator will narrow your resultsExample: Instructional Design = Instructional
AND DesignSearch returns will contain BOTH those
keywordsSearch returns will reject pages that have
only one or the other keyword
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Boolean Searching: OR Use the Boolean operator OR to:
Expand your results in the case of having keywords that are too specific
Example: college OR universityResults will return pages with the terms
college, university or both in the same page.Don’t use OR when you already have too
many results
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Boolean Searching: NOT
Use the Boolean operator NOT to:Eliminate unwanted resultsExample: college NOT universityResults will return pages with the first term
only when not accompanied by the other term.
Wristwatch NOT watch will return only pages that contain “wristwatch”.○ May narrow search too much
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Boolean Searching:Combining Operators
Use multiple Boolean operators in combinationCombine multiple operators in search stringParenthesis determine order of processing
○ As in Mathematics○ Example: wristwatch AND (analog NOT digital)
Results will include only wristwatches that have dials with hands, not digital displays
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Search Engine Tools Most search engines have an “advanced”
setting that allows more specific searchesIn multiple keywords, AND is implied.
Search:○ All of these words/Must contain the words
OR logic - Search: ○ Any of the words/At least one of the words/Should
contain the wordsNOT logic - Search:
○ Must not contain the words/Should not contain the words
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Verbatim Keywords Some search software allows
the “+” symbol to specify a verbatim keyword+wristwatch eliminates returns
of “wristwatches” and other variations.
In Google, use “Verbatim” under Show Search Tools on left hand side of results page
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Google – Show Search Tools
Additional search options for refining Google searchesNarrow by posting
date/timeNarrow by specific tools
like Verbatim
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Search Phrases
Use “quotation marks” on a phrase when looking for the exact return.Example: 18,000 bph watch versus “18,000 bph
watch” returns different results.Using quotation marks will reduce unwanted resultsChoose search phrase carefullyQuotes can limit results too much
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Searching the WebQuestions and Answers