3-D® ScrollCompressors

COM-S-9

October 2005

0899

La Crosse

History ofTrane 3-D® Scroll

1978 First sample built

1983 Initial field trial

1987 Qualification andendurance testingcompleted

1988 First production

1989 Full production -sizes 9.3, 10, 14, 15 tons• 3-D® Compliance

•EERs to 10.9

• Low noise and vibration

•Tandems in sizes from18 to 30 tons

1996 Phase I Redesign -sizes 9.3, 10, 14, 15 tons• EER improved: 11.5

•Quieter: 80 dba

•23 percent fewer parts versusprevious design

•Swinglink removed

•Tandem to 60 tons

1999 Phase II Redesign -sizes 6.2, 7.5, 8.3,9.3, 10 tons• EER to 11.5

• Internal motor protection

2004 Phase I -• 12.5 ton size introduced

Future•Optimize the design for thenew HFC refrigerants andPOE oils

•Variousmethods of capacitycontrol are being evaluated

•Larger scroll compressors insizes 20, 25 and 30 tons arebeing designed

37444_Inland_ComS-9 137444_Inland_ComS-9 1 12/12/05 10:06:19 AM12/12/05 10:06:19 AM

development andmanufacturing of openreciprocating compressors. Astechnology andmarkets changed, theproduct line grew to includesemihermetic and hermetic reciprocatingcompressors in size ranges from 1 to100tons. Trane currently produces a varietyof compressors including centrifugal,reciprocating, helical-rotary and scrolldesigns.

As compressor technology evolves,Trane remains committed to improvingexisting products and developing newtechnology. Trane has been pursuingcontinuous improvement to the 3-Dscroll compressor since its introductionin 1988. Improvements are the result ofyears of field experience and extensivelaboratory testing. The 3-D scrollcompressor is quiet, efficient, and hasgreat application flexibility, yet has fewerparts and is lighter andmore compact.

© 2005 American Standard All rights reserved

Trane hasmanufactured scrollcompressors since 1988. Scrollcompressors are used in a variety ofapplications— from less than 15 tonswith a single compressor tomore than60 tons when used in tandem.Applications include air conditioning, air-and water-cooled chillers andcondensing units, process cooling,refrigeration, dehumidification, military,mobile, heat pumps, railroad cars andothers.

Trane’s 3-D scroll technology and 3-Dscroll compressors are recognized asstate-of-the-art in the United States andaround the world. Furthermore, Trane’s3-D scroll technology has been licensedto other manufacturers worldwide.Development of compressor technologyis not new to Trane. Trane’s expertise incompressor development started withthe centrifugal compressor in the early1930s. The early 1950s saw the

Trane, the world’s leading

producer of commercial

and light commercial

scroll compressors, sets the

standard worldwide for

scroll compressors larger

than five tons.

Available 3-D® Trane Scroll CompressorsModel CSHC Features:6.2 tons • Internal motor protection7.5 tons • Standard: stub tube connections8.3 tons9.3 tons10 tons

Model CSHA Features:9.3 tons • Sight glass10 tons • Oil charging valve12.5 tons • Standard: stub tube connections14 tons • Optional: rotalocks with access fittings15 tons20 to 60 ton tandems

Standard Voltages200-60-3 460-60-3/400-50-3208/230-60-3 575-60-3380-60-3 220-50-3

346-50-3

COM-S-9© 2005 American Standard All rights reserved

Check Valve

Discharge Port

C

B

Oil PumpOil Sump

Suction A

Motor

Discharge E

Motor Shaft

Orbiting ScrollD

Stationary Scroll

Reverse Vent Valve

Trane 3-D® ScrollCompressorThe principles of operation: The suctiongas is drawn into the compressor at A.The gas then passes through the gapbetween the rotor and stator, B, coolingthemotor, C. The gas then enters theintake chamber, D, that encircles thescrolls. The oil in the suction gas isseparated by changing directions andimpinging on surfaces within thecompressor and then draining back tothe oil sump.

Finally, the suction gas is drawn into thescroll assembly where it is compressedand discharged into the dome of thecompressor. The dome of thiscompressor acts as a hot gasmufflerwhich dampens the pulsations beforethe gas enters the discharge line, E.

How the ScrollCompressor WorksGeneralA 3-D compressor has two scrolls. Thetop scroll is fixed and the bottom scrollorbits. Each scroll has walls in a spiralshape that intermesh.

Inlet - First OrbitAs the bottom scroll orbits, tworefrigerant gas pockets are formed andenclosed.

Compression - Second OrbitThe refrigerant gas is compressed as thevolume is reduced closer to the center ofthe scroll.

Discharge - Third OrbitThe gas is compressed further anddischarged through a small port in thecenter of the fixed scroll.

COM-S-9

37444_Inland_ComS-9 237444_Inland_ComS-9 2 12/12/05 10:07:01 AM12/12/05 10:07:01 AM

Reverse vent to prevent scrolldamage during reverse rotationcaused by improper phaseconnection.

Optimized involute geometry forhigher efficiency.

Journal bearings forlow noise.

Internal motortemperaturesensor is part offield-provenprotection system.

Oil charging valve forchanging or adjusting oillevel.

Sight glass tomonitoroil level.

Dirt separator formaximum bearing life.

High volume oil sumpmaintains lubrication duringperiods of high oil carry-over.

High efficiencymotor for lowerenergy consumption.EERs up to 11.5

Motor tube for more accuratelower bearing alignment. Also,permits suction gas to enter shellprior to flowing through andcooling themotor. Dirt particleswill then drop out and settle inthe sump.

Fixed throw prevents scrollimpact and resulting noise.

Improved check valve— for quietshutdown and less flow restriction.

Large discharge gas volume for lowerpressure pulsation.

High strength cast iron fixed andorbiting scroll, resulting in lessthermal distortion, less leakage andhigher efficiency.

COM-S-9

Six Sigma and QualitySix Sigma is the tool used by Trane toimprove all facets of a productencompassing design, engineering,manufacturing, and business systems. Ina Six Sigma environment, processes arescrutinized by teams using data andstatistical analysis in a constant relentlesspursuit to reduce variation and improvecustomer satisfaction. The result is areduction in defects that focuses ondeveloping and delivering near-perfectproducts. Six Sigma strives to directlylink the customer’s needs to the product.

Our simultaneous engineering effortsculminate in amethod of productionknown as Demand FlowManufacturing.Demand FlowManufacturing is a pulltype, just-in-timemanufacturingmethodthat requires quality to be designed inand that all manufacturing processesproduce a quality part every time.

A concept known as Total Quality Control(TQC) is built into every process. In thisconcept, whenever possible, parts aredesigned to fit only one way andproduction operators inspect eachother's work. In a demand flowenvironment, the designmust meet allthe requirements and themanufacturingprocessmust provide a quality productevery time.

With this extensive background of scrollknowledge, experience and theexhaustive battery of tests andevaluations, Trane confidently offers the3-D scroll compressor.

ISO 9000The Trane 3-D scroll compressor ismanufactured under a qualitymanagement system that is incompliance with, and registered to,ISOStandard 9000.

COM-S-9

37444_Inland_ComS-9 337444_Inland_ComS-9 3 12/12/05 10:08:59 AM12/12/05 10:08:59 AM

Tandem Compressors - 18 toSIZES/COMPRESSOR COMBINAT

Compressor ProtectionThe protection system consists of aninternal motor temperature sensor whichis placed in series with an externalcurrent sensor (CSHA only), externalhigh- and low-pressure switches, and thehold-in coil of themain contacts. Thishas proven to be a reliable, flexible andeasy-to-service system.

New RefrigerantsThis compressor has the future inmind.The basic compressor platformwith lessrotatingmass, all-cast-iron scrolls,journal bearings and amore responsivecheck valve, make this 3-D® scrollcompressor adaptable to the new high-pressure refrigerants and POE oils asthey replace existing HCFC refrigerantsthat usemineral oil.

Properly designed journal bearings canoperate successfully with POE oils thatmay contain a high concentration ofrefrigerant. In addition, themoreresponsive check valve is better suited tothe various densities and operatingpressures of the new HFC refrigerants.The 3-D scroll compressor is optimizedfor R-22 but is also available for use withR-134a, R-404a and R-407c. Futureoptimized designs for selectedrefrigerants will follow.

Tandem CapabilityThe tandem capability of the scrollallows, with suitable piping, up to fourcompressors on a single circuit.

The outstanding reliability of the 3-Dscroll compressor, with properlydesigned piping, makes this a practicalalternative to single large compressors.High part-load efficiency and capacitycontrol are a few of the benefits.

Testing and EvaluationTrane has an impressive background inscroll compressor technology and hasaccumulated over 25 years ofexperience, testing hundreds ofcompressors for hundreds of thousandsof hours.

High EERsEER levels range to 11.5+ Btu/watt hour.This is due in part to the use of optimizedinvolute geometry, improved porting andlower discharge flow losses with a checkvalve. In addition, accurate involutemachining and a reduction in thermalexpansion by using cast iron for bothscrolls permits tight tolerances, resultingin reduced compression leakage.

A specifically designedmotor providesimproved efficiency.

Quiet and Smooth OperationQuiet operation is due in part to journalbearings which transmit less noise fromthe running gear to the shell.Additionally, the fixed throw eliminatesthe possibility of scroll impact and theresulting noise. The check valve closesfast and seals tight for quiet shutdown.Sound power levels of 80 dB have beenachieved.

Durability/Extended LifeMany features contribute to durabilityand long life.

Amotor tube design is used. Themotorand lower bearing head are both locatedin a steel tube bolted to the housing. Thisarrangement provides for amore precisemotor and bearing alignment andpermits the suction gas to enter the shellprior to flowing through themotor. Thevelocity of the suction gas decreases as itenters the shell, allowing the dirtparticles to drop out and settle in thesump.

The compressor has a built-in dirtseparator/trap in the lower bearing headto prevent dirt from reaching thebearings.

The high-volume oil sump helps preventexcessive oil loss that can occur insystems with large refrigerant charges.This high volume oil sump and largesuction volume also helpminimize theoil dilution and slugging that occurduring periods of flooding.

Also, the use of cast iron for both theorbiting and fixed scrolls providesgreater strength and galling resistance.

A B C

A B

18 to 30 TONS(30 TON SET SHOWN)

50 to 60 TONS(60 TON SET SHOWN)

Nominal TonsModel 18.0 20.0 23.0 24.0 25.0 25.0 28.0 30.0 32CSHA093 2 1 2CSHA100 2 1 1CSHA125 2CSHA140 1 1 2CSHA150 1 2 1

COM-S-9

o 60 TonsTIONS

These compressors have ranged in sizefrom one tomore than 15 tons, includingsingle and tandem compressors. Tranehas approximately 30 U.S. andinternational patents.

Confidence in the durability of thisdesign is based on bothmathematicaland rigorous laboratory testingconducted by compressor and systemengineers who apply the 3-D scrollcompressors.

QualificationQualification of the compressor includedlong-term endurance testing todetermine wear and five-mode durabilitytesting exposing the compressor tosevere stress levels outside the operatinglimits.

Five-mode tests are designed to failcompressors. Various forms of debris areadded to the system, subjecting thecompressor to high levels of stress andwear. This ten-week test included high

pressure ratios, high pressuredifferentials, flooded starts, rapid on-offcycling and pump down.

Qualifications included a battery of testsin the (SEET) Systems ExtremeEnvironmental Test chamber in Tyler,Texas, where the compressor and unitare subjected to extreme conditionsoutside the operating range. The SEETfacility is designed to put compressorsthrough five years of wear and tear in 16grueling weeks.

Other tests include evaluation of thetandem system for proper oilmanagement and line vibration.Additionally, over 250,000 hours of fieldand other laboratory testing wasaccumulated utilizing over 180development and qualificationcompressors.

D

32 to 45 TONS(45 TON SET SHOWN)

A B C

2.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 60.02

2 1 2

1 1 2 3 2 4

COM-S-9

37444_Inland_ComS-9 437444_Inland_ComS-9 4 12/12/05 10:10:47 AM12/12/05 10:10:47 AM

Tandem Compressors - 18 toSIZES/COMPRESSOR COMBINAT

Compressor ProtectionThe protection system consists of aninternal motor temperature sensor whichis placed in series with an externalcurrent sensor (CSHA only), externalhigh- and low-pressure switches, and thehold-in coil of themain contacts. Thishas proven to be a reliable, flexible andeasy-to-service system.

New RefrigerantsThis compressor has the future inmind.The basic compressor platformwith lessrotatingmass, all-cast-iron scrolls,journal bearings and amore responsivecheck valve, make this 3-D® scrollcompressor adaptable to the new high-pressure refrigerants and POE oils asthey replace existing HCFC refrigerantsthat usemineral oil.

Properly designed journal bearings canoperate successfully with POE oils thatmay contain a high concentration ofrefrigerant. In addition, themoreresponsive check valve is better suited tothe various densities and operatingpressures of the new HFC refrigerants.The 3-D scroll compressor is optimizedfor R-22 but is also available for use withR-134a, R-404a and R-407c. Futureoptimized designs for selectedrefrigerants will follow.

Tandem CapabilityThe tandem capability of the scrollallows, with suitable piping, up to fourcompressors on a single circuit.

The outstanding reliability of the 3-Dscroll compressor, with properlydesigned piping, makes this a practicalalternative to single large compressors.High part-load efficiency and capacitycontrol are a few of the benefits.

Testing and EvaluationTrane has an impressive background inscroll compressor technology and hasaccumulated over 25 years ofexperience, testing hundreds ofcompressors for hundreds of thousandsof hours.

High EERsEER levels range to 11.5+ Btu/watt hour.This is due in part to the use of optimizedinvolute geometry, improved porting andlower discharge flow losses with a checkvalve. In addition, accurate involutemachining and a reduction in thermalexpansion by using cast iron for bothscrolls permits tight tolerances, resultingin reduced compression leakage.

A specifically designedmotor providesimproved efficiency.

Quiet and Smooth OperationQuiet operation is due in part to journalbearings which transmit less noise fromthe running gear to the shell.Additionally, the fixed throw eliminatesthe possibility of scroll impact and theresulting noise. The check valve closesfast and seals tight for quiet shutdown.Sound power levels of 80 dB have beenachieved.

Durability/Extended LifeMany features contribute to durabilityand long life.

Amotor tube design is used. Themotorand lower bearing head are both locatedin a steel tube bolted to the housing. Thisarrangement provides for amore precisemotor and bearing alignment andpermits the suction gas to enter the shellprior to flowing through themotor. Thevelocity of the suction gas decreases as itenters the shell, allowing the dirtparticles to drop out and settle in thesump.

The compressor has a built-in dirtseparator/trap in the lower bearing headto prevent dirt from reaching thebearings.

The high-volume oil sump helps preventexcessive oil loss that can occur insystems with large refrigerant charges.This high volume oil sump and largesuction volume also helpminimize theoil dilution and slugging that occurduring periods of flooding.

Also, the use of cast iron for both theorbiting and fixed scrolls providesgreater strength and galling resistance.

A B C

A B

18 to 30 TONS(30 TON SET SHOWN)

50 to 60 TONS(60 TON SET SHOWN)

Nominal TonsModel 18.0 20.0 23.0 24.0 25.0 25.0 28.0 30.0 32CSHA093 2 1 2CSHA100 2 1 1CSHA125 2CSHA140 1 1 2CSHA150 1 2 1

COM-S-9

o 60 TonsTIONS

These compressors have ranged in sizefrom one tomore than 15 tons, includingsingle and tandem compressors. Tranehas approximately 30 U.S. andinternational patents.

Confidence in the durability of thisdesign is based on bothmathematicaland rigorous laboratory testingconducted by compressor and systemengineers who apply the 3-D scrollcompressors.

QualificationQualification of the compressor includedlong-term endurance testing todetermine wear and five-mode durabilitytesting exposing the compressor tosevere stress levels outside the operatinglimits.

Five-mode tests are designed to failcompressors. Various forms of debris areadded to the system, subjecting thecompressor to high levels of stress andwear. This ten-week test included high

pressure ratios, high pressuredifferentials, flooded starts, rapid on-offcycling and pump down.

Qualifications included a battery of testsin the (SEET) Systems ExtremeEnvironmental Test chamber in Tyler,Texas, where the compressor and unitare subjected to extreme conditionsoutside the operating range. The SEETfacility is designed to put compressorsthrough five years of wear and tear in 16grueling weeks.

Other tests include evaluation of thetandem system for proper oilmanagement and line vibration.Additionally, over 250,000 hours of fieldand other laboratory testing wasaccumulated utilizing over 180development and qualificationcompressors.

D

32 to 45 TONS(45 TON SET SHOWN)

A B C

2.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 60.02

2 1 2

1 1 2 3 2 4

COM-S-9

37444_Inland_ComS-9 437444_Inland_ComS-9 4 12/12/05 10:10:47 AM12/12/05 10:10:47 AM

Reverse vent to prevent scrolldamage during reverse rotationcaused by improper phaseconnection.

Optimized involute geometry forhigher efficiency.

Journal bearings forlow noise.

Internal motortemperaturesensor is part offield-provenprotection system.

Oil charging valve forchanging or adjusting oillevel.

Sight glass tomonitoroil level.

Dirt separator formaximum bearing life.

High volume oil sumpmaintains lubrication duringperiods of high oil carry-over.

High efficiencymotor for lowerenergy consumption.EERs up to 11.5

Motor tube for more accuratelower bearing alignment. Also,permits suction gas to enter shellprior to flowing through andcooling themotor. Dirt particleswill then drop out and settle inthe sump.

Fixed throw prevents scrollimpact and resulting noise.

Improved check valve— for quietshutdown and less flow restriction.

Large discharge gas volume for lowerpressure pulsation.

High strength cast iron fixed andorbiting scroll, resulting in lessthermal distortion, less leakage andhigher efficiency.

COM-S-9

Six Sigma and QualitySix Sigma is the tool used by Trane toimprove all facets of a productencompassing design, engineering,manufacturing, and business systems. Ina Six Sigma environment, processes arescrutinized by teams using data andstatistical analysis in a constant relentlesspursuit to reduce variation and improvecustomer satisfaction. The result is areduction in defects that focuses ondeveloping and delivering near-perfectproducts. Six Sigma strives to directlylink the customer’s needs to the product.

Our simultaneous engineering effortsculminate in amethod of productionknown as Demand FlowManufacturing.Demand FlowManufacturing is a pulltype, just-in-timemanufacturingmethodthat requires quality to be designed inand that all manufacturing processesproduce a quality part every time.

A concept known as Total Quality Control(TQC) is built into every process. In thisconcept, whenever possible, parts aredesigned to fit only one way andproduction operators inspect eachother's work. In a demand flowenvironment, the designmust meet allthe requirements and themanufacturingprocessmust provide a quality productevery time.

With this extensive background of scrollknowledge, experience and theexhaustive battery of tests andevaluations, Trane confidently offers the3-D scroll compressor.

ISO 9000The Trane 3-D scroll compressor ismanufactured under a qualitymanagement system that is incompliance with, and registered to,ISOStandard 9000.

COM-S-9

37444_Inland_ComS-9 337444_Inland_ComS-9 3 12/12/05 10:08:59 AM12/12/05 10:08:59 AM

development andmanufacturing of openreciprocating compressors. Astechnology andmarkets changed, theproduct line grew to includesemihermetic and hermetic reciprocatingcompressors in size ranges from 1 to100tons. Trane currently produces a varietyof compressors including centrifugal,reciprocating, helical-rotary and scrolldesigns.

As compressor technology evolves,Trane remains committed to improvingexisting products and developing newtechnology. Trane has been pursuingcontinuous improvement to the 3-Dscroll compressor since its introductionin 1988. Improvements are the result ofyears of field experience and extensivelaboratory testing. The 3-D scrollcompressor is quiet, efficient, and hasgreat application flexibility, yet has fewerparts and is lighter andmore compact.

© 2005 American Standard All rights reserved

Trane hasmanufactured scrollcompressors since 1988. Scrollcompressors are used in a variety ofapplications— from less than 15 tonswith a single compressor tomore than60 tons when used in tandem.Applications include air conditioning, air-and water-cooled chillers andcondensing units, process cooling,refrigeration, dehumidification, military,mobile, heat pumps, railroad cars andothers.

Trane’s 3-D scroll technology and 3-Dscroll compressors are recognized asstate-of-the-art in the United States andaround the world. Furthermore, Trane’s3-D scroll technology has been licensedto other manufacturers worldwide.Development of compressor technologyis not new to Trane. Trane’s expertise incompressor development started withthe centrifugal compressor in the early1930s. The early 1950s saw the

Trane, the world’s leading

producer of commercial

and light commercial

scroll compressors, sets the

standard worldwide for

scroll compressors larger

than five tons.

Available 3-D® Trane Scroll CompressorsModel CSHC Features:6.2 tons • Internal motor protection7.5 tons • Standard: stub tube connections8.3 tons9.3 tons10 tons

Model CSHA Features:9.3 tons • Sight glass10 tons • Oil charging valve12.5 tons • Standard: stub tube connections14 tons • Optional: rotalocks with access fittings15 tons20 to 60 ton tandems

Standard Voltages200-60-3 460-60-3/400-50-3208/230-60-3 575-60-3380-60-3 220-50-3

346-50-3

COM-S-9© 2005 American Standard All rights reserved

Check Valve

Discharge Port

C

B

Oil PumpOil Sump

Suction A

Motor

Discharge E

Motor Shaft

Orbiting ScrollD

Stationary Scroll

Reverse Vent Valve

Trane 3-D® ScrollCompressorThe principles of operation: The suctiongas is drawn into the compressor at A.The gas then passes through the gapbetween the rotor and stator, B, coolingthemotor, C. The gas then enters theintake chamber, D, that encircles thescrolls. The oil in the suction gas isseparated by changing directions andimpinging on surfaces within thecompressor and then draining back tothe oil sump.

Finally, the suction gas is drawn into thescroll assembly where it is compressedand discharged into the dome of thecompressor. The dome of thiscompressor acts as a hot gasmufflerwhich dampens the pulsations beforethe gas enters the discharge line, E.

How the ScrollCompressor WorksGeneralA 3-D compressor has two scrolls. Thetop scroll is fixed and the bottom scrollorbits. Each scroll has walls in a spiralshape that intermesh.

Inlet - First OrbitAs the bottom scroll orbits, tworefrigerant gas pockets are formed andenclosed.

Compression - Second OrbitThe refrigerant gas is compressed as thevolume is reduced closer to the center ofthe scroll.

Discharge - Third OrbitThe gas is compressed further anddischarged through a small port in thecenter of the fixed scroll.

COM-S-9

37444_Inland_ComS-9 237444_Inland_ComS-9 2 12/12/05 10:07:01 AM12/12/05 10:07:01 AM

3-D® ScrollCompressors

COM-S-9

October 2005

0899

La Crosse

History ofTrane 3-D® Scroll

1978 First sample built

1983 Initial field trial

1987 Qualification andendurance testingcompleted

1988 First production

1989 Full production -sizes 9.3, 10, 14, 15 tons• 3-D® Compliance

•EERs to 10.9

• Low noise and vibration

•Tandems in sizes from18 to 30 tons

1996 Phase I Redesign -sizes 9.3, 10, 14, 15 tons• EER improved: 11.5

•Quieter: 80 dba

•23 percent fewer parts versusprevious design

•Swinglink removed

•Tandem to 60 tons

1999 Phase II Redesign -sizes 6.2, 7.5, 8.3,9.3, 10 tons• EER to 11.5

• Internal motor protection

2004 Phase I -• 12.5 ton size introduced

Future•Optimize the design for thenew HFC refrigerants andPOE oils

•Variousmethods of capacitycontrol are being evaluated

•Larger scroll compressors insizes 20, 25 and 30 tons arebeing designed

37444_Inland_ComS-9 137444_Inland_ComS-9 1 12/12/05 10:06:19 AM12/12/05 10:06:19 AM