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SCORSESE ON SCORSESE MICHAEL HENRY WILSON

Transcript of scorsese on scorsese - Home | Phaidon...The storyboard of the scene in which Travis kills a brothel...

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scorsese on scorsese

michael henry wilson

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taxi driver — 346 — scorsese on scorsese

Opposite page: “He had become Travis. I had complete confidence in him.” Martin Scorsese and Robert De Niro on the set of Taxi Driver (1976).

taxi driver (1976) “ there’s a travis in each of us”

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taxi driver — 5756 — scorsese on scorsese

“Since he wishes to be a saint, he tries to rescue her.” The storyboard of the scene in which Travis kills a brothel owner in plain view of the horrified Iris.

“Like a zealot who’ll do anything to convert you, even kill you.” Robert De Niro, Murray Moston, and Jodie Foster.

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ProloGue — 790 — scorsese on scorsese

Paris, february 1981scorsese is back in Paris, one of the stops on his european tour to promote raging bull. it is such a personal film that he has decided to travel around the world with it. having almost died of an internal hemorrhage in september 1978 on his return from the telluride film festival, he could not start work on the film until he had recovered from the ordeal that he calls “the most terrible four days of my life.” it was then, and only then, that he could begin to identify with Jake la motta. so strong became the identification that he added at the end of the screenplay a quotation from st. John’s Gospel, in which Jesus explains to nicodemus that he has to be “born again of the water and the holy spirit,” in order to enter the Kingdom of heaven. raging bull was his second chance, his promise of rebirth.

after the death of his professor haig manoogian, who believed that contemporary films were seriously lacking in “resolution,” scorsese decided to end raging bull with the parable of the blind man. he sensed that the madness of la motta had enabled him to see more clearly: “it’s all about learning to accept oneself.” we should also be grateful to de niro, who helped scorsese get a new grip on himself as a director and recover his passion for making movies. this was the era when the career of british master filmmaker michael Powell was being reassessed. in the united states, scorsese played a major part in this reevaluation. so did bertrand tavernier in france. it was from Powell, who watched scorsese and de niro on the set of raging bull, that we get the most perceptive tribute to the alchemical synergy between the director and his actor: “they have worked together so closely and so long that they can almost be said to have invented each other. martin’s thought becomes bob’s actions. the dialogue becomes dense and taut, the looks and gestures are subliminal. soon they are using a language that dares the audience to stay ahead of them” (from the introduction to mary Pat Kelly’s book martin scorsese: the first decade).

these were days when scorsese came fully alive only after midnight. our interview took place in a suite at the historic hôtel crillon, on the Place de la concorde in Paris, during the long hours of a sleepless night. he still had traces of pneumonia and looked exhausted, but his staccato delivery was as rapid and intense as ever.

Opposite page: “If you’re convinced in the deepest recesses of your being that you’re unworthy, what can you do? You’re condemned, aren’t you?” Robert De Niro in Raging Bull (1980).

Next spread: “The eloquence of an academic dissertation.” Paul Newman and Tom Cruise in The Color of Money (1986).

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casino — 185184 — scorsese on scorsese

when did you first start thinking about casino?I was finishing work on The Age of Innocence when Nick Pileggi sent me an

article that had appeared in a Florida newspaper in 1982 or 1983. It was about a certain Lefty Rosenthal, his wife Jean, a violent row they had had outside their house, and the unraveling of their marriage over a period of fifteen years. Rosenthal was the man who had run the Stardust Casino in Las Vegas on behalf of the Chicago mafia. Nick told me he had ways of getting in contact with him. I hadn’t decided what my next film was going to be, but I wasn’t ready at that time to embark on such a project. The first draft of the script goes back to 1993. Nick wrote one or two versions, which I read when I was in London for the release of The Age of Innocence. I recall that it was on January 2, 1994, that I decided to hole up with Nick at the Drake Hotel, which is across the street from my office. The idea was to stay locked up there until the script was written. We had interviews that Nick had recorded with witnesses under FBI protection, including Frank Colatta, who’s played by Frank Vincent in the film. A good part of what Colatta told him ended up in the script. Nick interviewed Rosenthal at length, mostly on the phone, but he didn’t want to be taped. So Nick had to take pages and pages of notes. Every time we needed further details, Nick would go off to do an interview, but it wasn’t always productive. The fact is that most of the people weren’t at all keen to talk! At the end of six months, we had a screenplay. It was at that stage that I decided to make the film. At the time I was involved in other projects, such as Ocean of Storms with Warren Beatty, a film about an astronaut. I realized that the subject didn’t really excite me. I had also turned down Clockers. That’s not a world I know. I don’t understand the meaning of the colors the different gangs wear. I wasn’t on my own turf. I talked to Spike Lee about it. The tragedy of a community that has been destroying itself for twenty years, a hellish cycle that’s almost genocidal, is something Spike’s familiar with, so he decided he would make it.

casino is the most complex of all your narratives. it unfolds on several levels: the married couple, the threesome, the mafia, the system, the city, the vanishing west, the 1970s…There are at least four or five interconnected stories! What was clear from the

start was the image of the couple arguing on the lawn in front of their house. It’s a story as old as the hills. They had inherited a paradise—or at least what they considered paradise—but they’d ruined it all. They let their good fortune slip away. Why? Because they’d gone too far. They had been undone by their pride, ego, and greed. These excesses were the excesses of the city itself, of an era, of 1970s America. However, the city doesn’t explain or excuse everything. They carried the germ of their destruction within themselves. Not only did they bring about their own fall, they dragged the whole system down with them. A chapter in America history ends with them. As far as I can judge, the Mafia is no longer involved in Vegas in the same way. It has become something else, a city in search of respectability, becoming increasingly like a Disneyland. But the nature of the beast won’t change. It’s a place that appeals to a certain type of people, and sucks in corruption at every level: gamblers, police, everybody. That’s why it’s a terrific setting for a story. Because they’ve been drawn there by the lure of making money, your characters are in a situation of direct conflict right from the start. They’ll go for broke and they’ll stop at nothing.

your three main characters excel at creating their own hell. their destinies recall the fable of the frog and the scorpion that orson welles liked so much: as they are crossing a wild river, the scorpion stings the frog that could save it from drowning… because it’s “his character.”

Exactly, they can’t help themselves! They go all the way, to the farthest limit of their nature, no matter what the consequences are. They burn and explode, literally. It culminates in the blowing up of buildings being torn down. We all have such demons in us. When you lose control over them, you’re lost.

have you ever experienced the gambling fever?I’ve never been a gambler, but I’ve associated with lots of people who are. What

interests me isn’t gambling as such—I don’t even know the rules—but the obsession, the dependency, the intrigues around the tables, the power plays among the gamblers… Gambling’s an act of despair.

did the casting of sharon stone change the way you approached the character of Ginger?In fact, Sharon reminded me strongly of Jean, the woman on whom her

character was based. For that reason, her contribution was crucial. Besides, Sharon really wanted to outdo herself, to achieve something she had never done before. I auditioned several actresses before her, but when it was her turn, I felt she had tenacity, a desire, a profound need to make that film. I felt she understood the role and would be capable of taking it on. If she were asked to scream for hours on end, she’d do it. If she were asked to drive a car at breakneck speed, she’d do it. She’s a professional stunt driver. She’s got guts. That helped us a lot.

how did you shape the role of ace with robert de niro?Bob helped us to develop some sequences and to make his role more coherent.

We incorporated into the script the results of our sessions with him. It was the same with Joe Pesci, to a certain extent, but it was Bob who was the principal character and the main “thread.” Bob spent some time with Rosenthal in Florida. He had to do a lot of preparatory work. It wasn’t easy for him to master all the games offered at a casino. When he took over the Stardust, even Rosenthal didn’t know them all. He was primarily a handicapper. To know how to bet, and how much, is one thing, but running a casino’s quite another matter.

the first act of the film is really a forty-five-minute exposition. you reveal the underbelly of the system and the way its economy works before developing your characters.From the writing stage, I knew this would be a film of at least three hours, an

epic, and that there was a story in there, but not really a plot. So I wanted to prepare the audience—I wanted them to know where they were going. Vegas isn’t like Tibet: in two or three shots, you can suggest that Tibet is another world where they live and breathe differently. But Vegas is America, a big city given over to spectacle and excess, and it’s hard to know what’s hidden behind those familiar images. Most people take it all for granted. What’s very clear is that everything’s designed so that you never stop gambling. That’s what’s expected of the average visitor. But how are the big-time players and high rollers treated? How do the gangsters work their way into the system? Where does the money that’s skimmed off go? I was fascinated, for instance, by the system for tipping: it runs at every level, down to the parking valets who have to be greased because they see everything that happens. We called that sequence “the capital city of kickbacks.” I wanted audiences, especially American audiences, to understand down to the last detail what goes on behind the scenes. If you begin by showing them the system before plunging your characters into it, they realize it’s a world of its own.

the first hour combines lang and eisenstein, the testament of dr. mabuse and strike. you expose all the mechanisms of that fantastic money machine. you watched a lot of early soviet films in las vegas, didn’t you?Storm Over Asia, The General Line, The End of St. Petersburg, Arsenal… For

years I’ve been watching the Russian directors of the 1920s

Left: It is love at first sight for Ace when he discovers Ginger rolling the dice for a big-time gambler at Dallas. “Ginger had only one reason for living: money.”

Below: Is managing a casino very different to managing a production? “It’s a fair analogy,” admits Scorsese, here seen with Robert De Niro on the set of Casino (1995).

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the aviator — 249248 — scorsese on scorsese

Scorsese’s annotated shooting script and drawings for The Aviator (2004). Flying the H1 in 1935, Howard Hughes (Leonardo DiCaprio) beat the world record for speed (352 miles per hour), but had to make an emergency landing in a field of beetroot.

Next spread: Mark Ruffalo and Leonardo DiCaprio in Shutter Island (2010).

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2 — SCORSESE ON SCORSESE

Ci-contre : le générique du film, inspiré par celui de The Man I Love de Raoul Walsh (1946).Ci-dessous et page de droite : le story-board de l’ouverture : Jimmy Doyle se mêle, sur Times Square, à la foule qui célèbre la victoire sur le Japon et la fin de la guerre du Pacifique.

4 — SCORSESE ON SCORSESE PROLOGUE — 5

GANGS OF NEW YORK (2002)

Ci-contre : « C’est le prologue de mes autres films. » Cameron Diaz et Leonardo DiCaprio dans Gangs of New York (2002).

12 — SCORSESE ON SCORSESE PROLOGUE — 13

I. Septembre 2005 : sur le tournage (Boston)Depuis Mean Streets, vous êtes fasciné par le thème de la trahison.C’est ce qui m’a tant séduit dans le sujet de The Departed ! Le double jeu des protago-

nistes. La volupté qu’ils mettent à le pratiquer. Les trahisons en chaîne.C’est Enfants de salauds (Play Dirty) en milieu urbain ?Il se trouve que je n’ai pas arrêté de revoir ce fi lm [d’André De Toth]. C’est depuis

longtemps, vous le savez, un de mes plaisirs coupables. Il était devenu di� cile à voir, mais depuis quelques mois, il ne cesse de repasser à la télé sur une chaîne ou une autre. Heureuse coïncidence. The Depart-ed, c’est, en e� et, une guerre tout aussi féroce que celle d’El Alamein. Même si elle se livre dans le Boston d’aujourd’hui. Excepté le pro-logue, c’est entièrement contemporain. Ce doit être mon premier fi lm contemporain depuis King of Comedy. Je ne compte pas After Hours, où la réalité était purement fantasmatique.

D’où est venue l’étincelle initiale ?De l’intrigue elle-même, je crois. De l’écheveau de situations dans lequel les pro-

tagonistes sont pris au piège. Ils se mentent les uns aux autres, et en paient les conséquences de façon tragique. Ce qui me fascinait, c’est qu’il ne s’agissait pas seulement de perfi die en a� aires ou d’infi délité en amour, mais de duplicité sur toute la ligne. Que se passe-t-il quand la duplicité devient un mode de vie  ? Quand elle dicte et fausse tous les comportements ? Quand vous en devenez le prison-nier, que ce soit pour des raisons sociales, économiques, religieuses ou politiques ? Eh bien, elle fi nit par vous étou� er et vous détruire !

L’engrenage est tragique, mais vos protagonistes ne perdent pas leur libre arbitre. Ils provoquent les dieux par leur transgression, ils sont responsables de leur destin.Ce qui détermine une destinée, ça m’a toujours intéressé. Ce n’est jamais simple.

Dans le cas de Billy, le personnage de Leo [DiCaprio], les circon-stances le placent à un carrefour, et il choisit sciemment de s’engager dans une direction dangereuse. Mais lorsque la grille de la cellule se referme sur lui, il prend soudain conscience de tout ce que son choix implique. En dépit de sa résolution, il se pose des questions ; il se demande s’il ne s’est pas fourvoyé. Vous m’avez entendu réclamer à Michael [Ballhaus] un travelling plus rapproché sur Leo quand il se retrouve derrière les barreaux. Il faut qu’on puisse lire ces questions sur son visage et qu’on sente qu’il a passé un point de non-retour.

Billy est peu à peu dépouillé de tout ce qui compte pour lui, alors que Colin [Matt Damon], son double maléfique, s’élève dans la hiérarchie policière et réalise son rêve – un appartement de luxe sur Beacon Hill.En brûlant ses vaisseaux, Billy est amené à tout sacrifi er. Il perd son statut, sa répu-

tation, sa mère, ses derniers liens familiaux. De son vivant déjà, sa mère était ostracisée par la famille. Laquelle ne se dérange même pas pour l’enterrement. Bientôt, il n’a plus rien à perdre. Il ne sait même pas si son sacrifi ce sera reconnu ou s’il restera un paria après sa mort. Il me fait penser au Billy Budd de Melville, qui ne peut se défendre de l’accusation de mutinerie et qui, bien qu’innocent, fi nit pendu haut et court. Costello pourrait être Claggart, la nemesis de Billy Budd. Vous voyez, je me suis remis à Melville ces derniers temps.

Vous avez le temps de poursuivre votre programme de lecture ?Je poursuis, tant bien que mal, mon exploration de la littérature. J’essaie de rat-

traper le temps perdu, mais c’est un labyrinthe sans fi n. Quand on dé-couvre une œuvre ou un auteur, on a aussitôt envie de connaître les œuvres ou les auteurs proches. Lorsque j’ai lu le journal des Goncourt, à l’époque de Kundun, je me suis juré de lire ensuite la plupart des écrivains dont ils parlaient, et Dieu sait s’il y en a. On n’en fi nit pas ! Je viens de lire À rebours et En rade de Huysmans, et maintenant je dois lire La Tentation de saint-Antoine de Flaubert, qui les a précédés, puis les poètes fi n de siècle qui les ont suivis. Je me suis aussi intéressé aux poètes latins, comme Catulle et Properce, mais il faut à présent que j’aille voir du côté des poètes alexandrins qui les ont infl uencés. J’ai toujours, vous le savez, une passion pour l’Antiquité. Peut-être parce

Tournage de The Departed à Boston, été 2005 : Scorsese dirige Leonardo DiCaprio et Matt Damon.

qu’elle est si fertile en trahisons de toutes sortes ! Je me suis régalé de Cicéron. Le tournage de The Departed ne m’a laissé que peu de loisirs, mais je viens de lire Mort à crédit. Depuis que j’ai découvert son Voyage au bout de la nuit, j’essaie de lire tout Céline. C’est un personnage fascinant, même si son antisémitisme et sa collabora-tion avec les nazis sont répugnants. Il y a un paradoxe que je ne m’explique pas  : ce misanthrope délirant était aussi un médecin des pauvres. Comment peut-on être à la fois un bon Samaritain et un raciste virulent ? Je ne sais pas, mais j’imagine fort bien Bar-damu o� ciant dans un hospice du Bowery ou un dispensaire de Southie [les bas quartiers au sud de Boston].

Au chapitre des paradoxes, Billy n’est-il pas, du fait même de sa probité, le « lépreux » de cette histoire ?Il est le seul qui essaie de faire le bien, de s’opposer au mal. Et il le paie très cher.

Car pour les autres personnages, il n’y a pas de morale. Il n’y a rien d’autre que le monde matériel où ils évoluent. Rien autour, rien au-delà. Seulement ce monde-ci. Ils croient savoir comment il fonc-tionne, et ils en appliquent les règles, sans se poser de questions. Cela m’a passionné, et a soutenu mon intérêt pendant les longs mois de négociations avec le studio et les acteurs. La production a été plus-ieurs fois remise en cause  ; les dates n’arrêtaient pas de changer. J’étais même sur le point de me reporter sur un projet favori auquel je songe depuis longtemps, Silence. C’est l’adaptation par Jay Cocks d’un roman de Shusaku Endo. Une histoire de missionnaires por-tugais en butte aux persécutions dans le Japon féodal. J’espère que cela sera mon prochain fi lm. Mais pendant toutes ces tergiversa-tions, je ne pouvais oublier les personnages de The Departed, enfer-més dans leur prison, englués dans leur univers, incapables de con-cevoir d’autres modes de vie.

Pourtant, dans le scénario, à l’heure du jugement, Colin en vient à dire, comme jadis Jake La Motta dans Raging Bull : « Je ne suis pas ce que j’ai fait. Je ne suis pas qui je suis ! »Nous avons un peu changé le dialogue de cette scène, mais l’idée reste la

même. Pas une rédemption, mais une sorte de prise de conscience. Il y a deux brefs moments où Colin prend ses distances. Juste avant le massacre dans l’ascenseur, quand il se résigne à être tué, puis à la fi n quand il rentre à son appartement et qu’il a un moment de déprime. Il s’e� ondre, puis se reprend vite, mais je crois qu’il se voit tel qu’il est. Il a cessé de se mentir à lui-même. Il est comme un combattant qui a traversé la guerre, qui a eu la chance de survivre, alors que tous ses compagnons ont été tués. L’ironie, bien sûr, c’est que ce combattant est tout sauf un héros !

Autrement dit, il n’y a plus personne pour tenir le compas de la moralité ?Le compas est complètement perturbé, l’aiguille oscille dans tous les sens ! Com-

me chez Céline, non ? Il n’est plus question du bien et du mal. Les deux pôles sont interchangeables. Il ne reste que le monde tel qu’il est. La métaphore principale est celle des rats [rats = mouchards, in-dics en anglais]. Ce sont eux qui vont nous survivre, et le fi lm se ter-mine sur eux, littéralement. Vous avez vu Tom [Lappin] et la seconde équipe, qui sont sur le plateau d’à-côté en train de fi lmer le rat de la fi n, celui qui grignote les croissants. Je leur ai demandé de le cadrer sous toutes les coutures et à des vitesses di� érentes. On verra au montage ce qui fonctionne le mieux.

Vous avez choisi pour motif visuel récurrent un X, comme dans…Oui, c’est mon hommage à Scarface. Le motif est approprié, car comme dans le

fi lm de Hawks, tout le monde meurt. Le X est tantôt peint sur le dé-cor, tantôt créé par l’éclairage. Cet après-midi, nous avons failli le reprendre pour le dernier échange entre Leo [DiCaprio] et Vera [Farmiga], mais Michael [Ballhaus] a eu raison de se gendarmer. C’était trop. On s’est contenté d’une barre d’ombre le long du couloir où ils se retrouvent pour la dernière fois.

Malgré les saynètes du prologue et l’utilisation d’une voix off pour évoquer le passé des protagonistes, l’approche du milieu diffère de celle des Affranchis. N’est-ce pas plus dramatique qu’anthropologique ?En e� et, car il s’agit avant tout de confi ance et de trahison. Pas d’une tentative

de recréation de Southie. Cette histoire pourrait se dérouler n’importe où. Comme chacun sait, le fi lm original [Wu jian dao/Infernal A� airs, d’Andrew Lau et Alan Mak] se situait à Hong Kong et était parlé en mandarin.

Vous avez refusé de le visionner.Je ne voulais pas être infl uencé. William Monahan [le scénariste de The Departed] a

conservé les prémisses, mais en les transposant dans un milieu entière-ment irlandais. C’est ce qui m’avait attiré d’emblée dans le scénario : un microcosme qui a ses lois propres. Di� érent de la pègre new-yorkaise. Depuis Mean Streets, j’ai eu pas mal d’occasions de traiter de la crimi-nalité, mais cet univers irlandais, c’était nouveau pour moi, même si on en donnait un aperçu dans Gangs of New York. Les rituels sont com-plètement di� érents de ceux des A� ranchis. Boston est une ville fermée, compacte, qui n’a jamais été comme New York un vrai melting pot.

Dans quelle mesure le récit s’inspire-t-il d’événements réels ?La situation est fi ctive, mais tout le contexte provient des recherches de Monahan,

qui connaît à fond la communauté irlandaise de Boston. Il s’est inspiré, en particulier, de l’a� aire Whitey Bulger, un gangster de haut vol dont on a découvert qu’il collaborait depuis quinze ans avec le FBI. Il était de mèche avec un agent nommé John Connolly. Il semble que celui-ci, qui était plus jeune, se soit laissé manœuvrer par Bulger. Comme Co-

lin dans le fi lm. Lors de son procès, Connolly ne cessait de répéter, pour se justifi er : « Ce n’est pas moi qui étais son indicateur. C’est lui qui était le mien ! » Bulger s’est volatilisé il y a neuf ans, avec sa femme. On l’aurait aperçu à Belfast, au Costa Rica, mais il est possible qu’il soit resté planqué aux États-Unis. Peut-être même a-t-il bénéfi cié d’un programme fédéral de protection des témoins. D’autres o® ciels du FBI, à un échelon supérieur, seraient également impliqués dans l’a� aire. Selon certains, le FBI se serait servi de Bulger pour empêcher la pénétration de la mafi a italienne, celle-ci étant jugée plus dangere-use que l’irlandaise car mieux organisée. C’était aussi une question de partage de territoire : la pègre irlandaise entendait contrôler Boston, tandis que la mafi a se voyait concéder la suprématie à Providence [dans l’état voisin de Rhode Island].

Le langage des protagonistes, extraordinairement cru, ne va-t-il pas vous poser des problèmes de censure ?Et comment ! Vous avez pu observer aujourd’hui que les acteurs ont même ten-

dance à en rajouter ! Je ne peux que leur donner raison. Ces obscénités sont à propos. Mais je suis sûr qu’on va nous accuser d’être politique-ment incorrects. Ce dont je me moque. Mon seul souci, c’est de ne pas indisposer le public féminin. C’est un fi lm d’hommes ; les femmes n’y jouent qu’un rôle secondaire. Je ne crois pas que la présence de Mado-lyn contribue à adoucir les angles. Pour couronner le tout, j’ai une séquence dans un cinéma porno, celui où Colin et Costello se donnent rendez-vous. On y voit un spectateur sortir un godemiché. Je ne sais pas encore ce que j’en garderai au montage, mais la seconde équipe a commencé de travailler avec l’accessoire en question !

8 — SCORSESE ON SCORSESE PROLOGUE — 9

SEPTEMBER 2005, NEW YORKExterior, day – Men’s Detention Center, Queens: Scorsese is starting his ninety-fourth day and final week of shooting behind bars. I find him camped out in a disused wing of the prison, outside a row of cells. This is where Leo DiCaprio (Billy) begins his descent into hell. Abandoning a straight and predictable police career, he gets himself imprisoned in order to infiltrate Boston’s criminal underworld. Suffering from the effects of shooting at night throughout the previous week, Scorsese complains about delays in setting up, but ends up swiftly wrapping three different sequence shots in which Michael Ballhaus’ cam-era is constantly in motion, panning either laterally or vertically.

What has been the toughest for him, he tells me right away, was to shoot the story out of continuity because of the actors’ limited availability. The scenes with Jack Nicholson (Costello) had to be filmed one after the other, although they span several decades in the plot. It was the same with Matt Damon (Co-lin), Billy’s double, the “mole” who is working for the gang inside the police. Such fragmentation presents a huge challenge when the narrative and emo-tional interconnections are as complex as they are in The Departed.

The afternoon will be a little more comfortable. The Williamsburg Ar-mory, in the Hasidic neighborhood of Brooklyn, has been transformed into a mini-studio by Kristi Zea (the production designer on New York Stories and Goodfellas). Integrated into one multi-purpose structure, the sets are collapsible, but tiny. This story, Scorsese notes, calls for claustrophobic spaces: bedrooms, corridors, and offices. “I’m accus-tomed to it. Since 1972, I’ve learned to juggle!” At the moment, Billy is at the bedside of his mother, who is dying of cancer. The scene is silent apart from the woman’s struggle to draw breath. Feeling compelled to leave his video monitor, which is set up in a neighboring room, Scorsese goes and sits down at the foot of the bed.

The next day, the hospital corridor has been turned into the office of Madolyn, the psychiatrist. It’s her last interview with Billy. He has come to entrust her with a letter detailing his covert activities. Should he die, this will probably be the only testament to his sacrifice. Again, Scorsese positions himself as close-ly as possible to the actors. Take after take, he demands of DiCaprio a little more “urgency,” a degree of anguish that will convey the character’s despair and forebodings without however “telegraphing” the tragic outcome.

Jonas Mekas, carrying a small digital camera, slips in and gently slides among us. The leg-endary imp-like figure from the New York avant-garde is shooting a short portrait of the director for the opening of the Scorsese season at Paris’ Pompidou Museum in Novem-ber. The tribute will include a complete retrospective of his work as well as the publication of the French version of this book. Scorsese has also received “carte blanche” to compose a program reflecting his passion for cinema and its history.

That evening, we talk about The Departed in his trailer. Appropriately, Cecil B. DeMille’s Cleopatra keeps us company on a giant television screen…

Matt Damon est Colin, le double maléfique de Billy, dans The Departed.

« Il me fait penser à Billy Budd. » Leonardo DiCaprio en Billy dans The Departed.

Spreads from Scorsese on Scorsese showing the opening titles and storyboards of New York, New York; Martin Scorsese directing; film still from Gangs of New York; Martin Scorsese directing Leonardo DiCaprio and Matt Damon; and with Jack Nicholson on the set of The Departed.