SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT, THE ROLE OF THEORY AND HISTORY OF MANAGEMENT

COPYRIGHT BY SYED HASNAIN AHMED


Member’s Name: SYED HASNAIN AHMED GHULAM HAIDER ABDUL SAMI


What is Management?

The planning, organizing, leading, and controlling of human and other resources to achieve organizational goals effectively and efficiently.

All managers work in organizationsOrganizations – collections of people who

work together and coordinate their actions to achieve a wide variety of goals


Scope Of Management


SCOPE OF MANAGEMENTWhen most peoples think of managers

and management they think of profit-seeking organizations. Management is essential.

Indeed any group of two or more persons working together to achieve a goal and having human, material, financial, or informational resources at its disposal requires the practice of management.


Managing in Profit-Seeking Organizations

Management comes from large profit-seeking organizations because their survival has long depended on efficiency and effictiveness.

Eamples of large businesses include industrial firms such as Tenneco, BP, Toyota, BMW, Xerox.

Management is also essential for small businesses, which plays an important role in the country’s economy. In some respects, effective management is more important in a small business than in a large one.


Managing in Not-for-Profit Organizations


Managing in Not-for-Profit Organizations Intangible goals such as education, social services, public protection, and

recreation are often the primary aim of not-for-profit organizations. Examples include United Way of America, the U.S Postal Service, Girl Scouts of the U.S.A, and the Public Broadcasting System (PBS).

These Organizations may not have to be profitable to attract investors, they must still employ sound management practices if they are to survive and work toward their goals. If the United Way were to begin to spend large portions of its contribution on administration, contributors would lose confidence in the organizations and make their charitable donations elsewhere.


Managing in Not-for-Profit Organizations


THE ROLE OF THEORY AND HISTORY IN MANAGEMENT


The Historical Context Of Management


Precursors to management theory

While the practice of management can be traced back to 3000 B.C., it was not given serious attention until the 1 800s when large organizations emerged.

Early management pioneers The early pioneers include: Robert Owen was one of the first managers to show respect and dignity to

workers in his factory. He implemented better working conditions, raised the minimum age for child labor, reduced hours, and supplied meals.

Charles Babbage applied mathematic principles to find ways to make the most efficient use of facilities and materials. He also advocated profit-sharing plans.

Andrew Ure was one of the world's first professors to teach management principles at Anderson's College in Glasglow.

SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT, THE ROLE OF THEORY AND HISTORY OF MANAGEMENT

Education

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