Scope and History

of

Implantology

What are Dental Implants ?

Manmade Roots

used to retain Dentures

What are Dental Implants ?

or support Crowns and Bridgework

or act as Anchorage in Orthodontics

Early Implantology

Incas

Egyptians

The Incas used

Semiprecious Metals

as Dental Implants

Egyptian Mummies found

with Crude Implants

Iron Molar Implant found in

a Roman Male

First Century AD

• 1700’s Century Human

Donors • 1809 Moggiolo Gold implant

• 1886 Edmunds Platinum

• 1937 Alvin Strock Vitallium

Modern

Implant Dentistry

On Bone Under the

Periosteum

Gustav Dahl

1948 Aaron Gerskoff

1962

Table Top

Subperiosteal Implants

Subperiosteal Implant

in place

“O” Ring Posts

Tripodal Implant

The Advantages of the Tripodal

Implant Design

• Owing to the Flexible Design

the Implant Flexes with the

Flexion of the Mandible

• Less Bone Loss occurs

Tripodal Implant

in Place

Endosteal

Implants

1950 & 1960’s

Scialom Pins

Chercheve

1962

• Free Gingival Grafts

• First developed in Paris in the Early 1900’s

• Introduced into the USA by King and Pennel

1965

Boyne

1965

Study begins utilizing Antigen Matched

Frozen Bone and Irradiated Bone

Mid 1960’s

Branemark Development

begins

1963

Ralph Roberts introduced

Blade Implants

First Stainless Steel Blade

Constructed by Ralph Roberts

in 1963 while a dental student

1967

Ralph Roberts gave an

X-ray of a Blade Implant to Leonard

Linkow

Linkow took a Pattern out on

Blade Implants

Linkow promoted Blade

Implants

to the Profession

Linkow Blades

Early Tatum Blade

Lead Apron

Buckle

Early Tatum Blade

Ralph and Harold

Roberts

Ramus Blade in place

Early Blades and a Subperiosteal Implant

1968

Custom Blades

Harold Roberts 1969

Ramus Frame

Ramus Frame

Severe Atrophy

Ramus Frame in Place

Temporary Denture

fitted

immediately

Permanent Denture

3 Months Later

Vitreous

Carbon

Implants

Gross

Bone Loss occurred

Due to cracks

in the

Vitreous Carbon

Causing Electrolitic

Action with the

Internal Metal

Modern Screw Implants

developed

Early 1970’s

Screw Implants

1970

Bone Expansion developed

1970-75

Maxillary Ridge Expansion

developed

1971

Onlay Grafting developed

“D” Fin Implant

Development

D Fin Implants

1970’s

Staple Implants

A Staple Implant

Scortecci Implants

1975 First Sinus Graft by Tatum

when Onlay Grafting

was found to be Inadequate

Sinus Grafting Development began

in 1975

May 1976

Sinus Grafting Concept first presented

at the

Alabama Implant Congress

by Hilt Tatum

May 1977 Paper on Sinus Grafting Concept

presented

at the American Academy of Implant

Dentistry

by Hilt Tatum

May 1977

Chaired by

Philip Boyne

August 1980

First Paper published on Sinus

Grafting

by Philip Boyne

1979

Human Clinical

Trials

Commercially

available 1983

Intra-mucosal Inserts

Intramucosal Inserts

Aluminium

Oxide

Ceramic

Aluminium Oxide Ceramic

Failed due to

Fractures

1975 Implants available

Tatum Sinus Implant

Tatum Sinus Implants

1977

The First Two Stage Implant

was introduced into the USA by

Tatum

1977

Direct Bone to Implant Surface reported

by Jack Lemons

1978 Jack Lemons’ Article reported

Direct Bone/Implant Interface

on a Tatum Titanium Implant

in Function for 8 years

Ralph Roberts observed

Bone/Implant Interface

at about this Time

1979

Human Clinical Trials on 1st

Synthetic Bone Graft Material (TCP)

Early 1980’s

Branemark described

Direct Bone /Implant Interface

as Osseointegration

1983

Dentist Lead Implantology

was replace by Commercially Lead

Dentistry

1983 Federal Drugs Administration approval

for marketing Synthetic Bone Graft Materials

Tri-Calcium Phosphate(TCP)

and Hydroxyappetits (HA)

1984 Irradiated Cancellous and

Demineralized Freeze Dried Bone

become Commercially Available

Late 1980’s

The Non-resorbable Material

GoreTex was marketed

1990 Comparative Study on Graft Materials

identifies

Irradiated Bone as Most Effective

Commercially available Bone Graft

Material

1990’s Proliferation

of Resorbable Membranes

1990’s

Lower Ridge Expansion developed

1990’s

Mandibular Bone Expansion

developed

Mini Implants

Considerable Bone Loss

a

Six Mini Implants in Place

Resurrecting a Broken Bridge

The Broken Bridge

Mini Implants in Place

Complete Bone Loss around

the Right Central Incisor

November 1999

The Mini Implants in place

2000 onwards The Tatum Ridge Reposition

Technique

The End