{ Science Project

Episode 3: Hypothesis and Variables

What is the scariest thing you have ever done?

1st sentence- repeat the question with answer

2nd sentence- Give one example.

3rd sentence- Give another example.

4th sentence-Give a third example.

5th sentence-Connect your statement to the world.

6th sentence- Restate the question and answer.

JumpStart!

Jumpstart!

The scariest thing I have ever done is wreck my car. I was very scared because I was unsure if I had hurt anyone else or myself. I was also afraid because the car I had wrecked was not my own. The worst part was when a little girl got out of the car I had hit. Many people in the world have been affected by car wrecks. Being in a car wreck is the scariest thing I have every done.

{ What do you think?

The Hypothesis

What is a hypothesis?

What should you have completed to write a hypothesis?

Hypothesis

Something that can be tested.

A statement, not a question.

Often written as an if-then sentence.

Does not start with I think.

Does not use the words better, best, or worst.

A hypothesis is….

An if-then statement is the best way to write a hypothesis.

This uses the two words…. If and then…

If-Then Statements

If skin cancer is related to ultraviolet light, then people with a high exposure to uv light will have a higher frequency of skin cancer.

If leaf color change is related to temperature, then exposing plants to low temperature will result in changes in leaf color.

Examples

Take these statements and turn them into if-then statements.

Chocolate may cause pimples

Salt in soil may affect plant growth

Plant growth may be affected by the color of the light.

Bacterial growth may be affected by temperature.

Your Turn

If eating chocolate is related to pimples, then people who eat chocolate will have a higher frequency of pimples.

If salt in soil affects plant growth, then plants with more salt in their soil will be shorter than those with less salt.

If plant growth is affected by the color of the light, then plants grown in black light will grow more.

If bacterial growth is affected by temperature, then the hotter it is a greater amount of bacteria will form.

Answers

We are going to learn about the three types of hypothesis.

Which one do we use in science class?

Activity

Where is your favorite location?

1st sentence- repeat the question with answer

2nd sentence- Give one example.

3rd sentence- Give another example.

4th sentence-Give a third example.

5th sentence-Connect your statement to the world.

6th sentence- Restate the question and answer.

JumpStart!

Jumpstart!

My favorite location is my grandfather’s house. It is a very large log cabin that he made when I was little. I remember watching them lay the concrete, cut the boards, and nail the roof together. My grandfather did not get to put the final touches on the house, but it is still beautiful. Many people find the memories of a place more important than the actual location. My favorite location is my grandfather’s house.

{ What changes?

The Variable

What is a variable?

What do you use them for in math?

In science there are several different types.

Variables

This is the person/plant/bread/object the reactions or responses of which are studied.

Subject

This is what you (the scientist) change.

There should only be one per experiment.

What would happen if you had more than one?

This can also be called the IV.

Independent Variables

This is what changes due to the independent variable changing.

You can have more than one dependent variable, but it will cause your experiment to be more complicated.

This is called the DV.

Dependent Variable

What is the IV and the DV?

Kate times how fast apple slices turn brown after being dipped in different preservatives, such as lemon juice, fruit freshener, and lime soda.

Practice

IV: The different preservative.

DV: The time it takes for apple slices to turn brown.

Answers

These are things that stay the same.

Why do we need constants?

Everything should be the same except the Independent Variable.

Constants

This is a subject that has nothing done to it.

Many cases this involves using water instead of a chemical, leaving the subject completely alone, or not changing anything about it.

Control

Can you spot them?

Kate times how fast apple slices turn brown after being dipped in different preservatives, such as lemon juice, fruit freshener, and lime soda.

Control and Constant

Constants: type of apple, size of apple pieces, amount of preservative, location of apple slices

Control: an apple with no preservative

Answers

We are going to look at some experiments that happened in Bikini Bottom.

See if you can find the answers.

Activity