Science METAL AND NON METAL
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Transcript of Science METAL AND NON METAL
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INDEX
About metal Metallic bond Physical properties of metal About non metal Use of non metal Periodic table Chemical properties of metal and non
metal Thank you
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METAL AND NON METAL
WHAT IS METAL AND NON METAL……..??
A metal is a solid material (an element, compound, or alloy). 91 of the 118 elements in the periodic table are metals.
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METALLIC BOUND Metals are crystalline solid and atoms are linked to one another by special types of bonds known as metallic bond.
Two parts of metallic bond-a) Valence electron.b) Kernel
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL :::---
Metallic Lustre (shine or brightness)- gold and platnium ,
exception- aluminium, copper and silver.
Hardness- silver and copper exception – sodium magnesium
Melting and boiling point –(atom are closely packed) exception - gallium(m.p =302 k) and cesium(m.p = 303 k).
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Density (crystalline in nature) – iron is 7.86 g cm , nickel is 8.9 g cm.
Malleability -the property due to which metal can be beaten into sheets. Eg- Silver and aluminium.
Ductility –The property due to which a metal can be drawn into thin wires. Eg – copper and silver
Electrical conductor(metal are good conductor of electricity)- eg copper and silver. Exception – mercury and lead.
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Thermal conductivity (heat) –thermal conductivity of metal is because of the movement of kernels and valence electron. Eg-silver and copper . Exception lead and mercury.
Sonorosity (sound) – all metal are sonorous in nature.
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In chemistry, a nonmetal or non-metal is a chemical element which mostly lacks metallic attributes. Non metal s form a large number of compound which are extremely useful.For example – ammonia, nitric , explosive like TNT fertilizer like ammonium nitrate , etc.Oxygen present in atmosphere.Sulphuric acid is even regarded as the ‘king of chemical
NON METAL
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Seventeen elements are generally classified as nonmetals; most are gases (hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, neon, chlorine, argon, krypton, xenon and radon); one is a liquid...
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CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL AND NON METAL
Metal Metal + oxygen =metal oxide Example-4 Na+ O2=2Na2O
2Mg +O2 =2MgO
Exception – silver and copper.
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NATURE OF METAL OXIDES
a) Action with water.
Metal oxide + water = hydroxide(alkali)
Na2O + H2O = 2NaOH b) Action with acid. Metal oxide+ acid = salt +
water CaO(s) + H2O = CaCl2 (aq) + H2O
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Reaction with hydrogen
Metal + hydrogen = metal hydrides 2Na (s) + H2 = 2NaH(s) Metal hydrides + water = hydrogen gas + hydroxide
NaH(s) + H2O (l) = NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
Reaction with water Metal + Water= Metal oxide + Hydrogen2K + 2H2O = 2KOH + H2 + heat energyException – copper , aluminium , gold and platinum.
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Reaction with acid
Metal + acid = metal salt + hydrogen
2Na (s) + 2HCl = 2NaCl(aq) + H2
Reaction of metal with the solution of other salt
Metal displacement reaction
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Chemical Properties Of Nonmetals Non – metal + oxygen = oxides
Examples- C(s) + O2(g) = CO2
S8(s) + 8O2 = 8SO2
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Non-metal + acid = oxide +water
examples – S+2H2SO4(conc.)=3SO4+2H2O
S+6HNO3=H2SO4+6N3+H2
O
Non –metal + chlorine= chlorides example- 2P + 5CL2=2PCL5
2S + CL2=S2CL2
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Non – metal+hydrogen=hydrides
examples- H2(g)+ S (s)=H2S N2(g)+3H2(g)=2NH3(g)
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THANK YOU
Submitted to- miss rupali
Submitted by- carol ekka