Science from the South Pole Karina Leppik Science Museum of Minnesota September 5, 2003.
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Transcript of Science from the South Pole Karina Leppik Science Museum of Minnesota September 5, 2003.
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Science from the South Pole
Karina Leppik
Science Museum of Minnesota
September 5, 2003
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Aerial View of Amundsen-Scott South Pole StationFebruary 2003
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The South Pole
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Climatology and Aeronomy
Geophysics, Glaciology and Seismology
Dark Sector
Quiet Sector
Clean Air Sector
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Objects emit more than one kind of light
X-Ray(image from ROSAT)
Ultraviolet(image from UIT)
Visible(image from
IAC/RGO/Malin)
Infrared(image from 2MASS)
Radio(image from VLA/WSRT)
M33, a spiral galaxy
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Receiver Room
TREND Dewar230 GHz Dewar
PoleSTAR Dewar
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– Galactic Center• CI (3P1-3P0)
• CO (4-3)
• CO (7-6)
SgrB
SgrA
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Why Astronomy at the South
Pole?
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Water in the atmosphere
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Weather at the South Pole
• Data are binned by week.– Large dots show median
– Thick bar shows 25%75%
– Thin bar shows 10% 90%
– Small dots show maximum and minimum measured values
• Top panel shows PWV as measured by AIR Model 4a balloon flights 1991 to 1996
• Bottom 3 panels summarize hourly NOAA weather data from 1977 to 2001
Week of Year
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Climate
• Temperature:– Average annual: -56.9 F – Record high: +7.5 F (December 1978)– Record low: -117.0 F (June 1982)
• Average wind: 12.4 mph• Average pressure: 681.4 millibars• Average pressure altitude: 10,576 feet
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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association
(NOAA)
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Other Dark Sector Science:
VIPER, DASI, AMANDA
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What do I do?
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Liquid Helium Fills
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A day in the life of a polie
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The dome
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The New (Elevated) Station
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South Pole Greenhouse
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Waste Disposal
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The Ceremonial Pole
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The Geographic South Pole
90o South Latitude
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Other South Poles
90o SouthPole of Inaccessibility
Dipmeter reading 80o at the geographic South Pole
South Polar Axis of Rotation
Magnetic Dip Pole
Geomagnetic Pole
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Solar Halos
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March 20, 2003: two days before sunsetMarch 20: two days before the equinox
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March 23, 2003: one day after the equinox
March 24, 2003:two days after the equinox
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Green/Blue Flash: March 26, 2003
Pillar: March 25, 2003
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The terminator: the line between night and dayApril 1, 2003
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Venus
April 5, 2003: two weeks after sunset
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Fisheye image of skyWinter 2001Photo: Chris Martin
Aurora (green)
Mars
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Fisheye image of skyWinter 2001Photo: Chris Martin
Aurora
Moon
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Q&A