SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS
-
Upload
wecreate-worldwide -
Category
Documents
-
view
702 -
download
1
description
Transcript of SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS
![Page 1: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS
KAOS PILOTS FEB 2013
NICK JANKEL, WECREATE
@NICKWECREATE
![Page 2: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
DAY 1THE USE AND MISUSE OF SCIENCE
![Page 3: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
A FAST FORWARD THROUGH HISTORY, PARADIGMS AND COMPETING SCHOOLS OF SCIENCE, STARTING OUT WITH ”NATURAL SCIENCE”, PROVABILITY/REPEATABILITY, MOVING THROUGH VARIOUS SCHOOLS/PHILOSOPHIES LIKE POSITIVISM, BEHAVIOURISM, ENDING UP WITH QUANTUM PHYSICS AND CHAOS-THEORY. MOVING THROUGH SOCIAL SCIENCE, PSYCHOLOGY, ETC.
A CHOICE OF LENSES AND METHODS
TODAY
![Page 4: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
WHY SCIENCE?WHAT SCIENCE?WHO SCIENCE?
![Page 5: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
![Page 6: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
“Problems cannot be solved by the same level of consciousness that created them.”
ALBERT EINSTEIN
![Page 7: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
UNKNOWNSCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INTO CAUSESCOMPLEX / ADAPTIVE SYSTEMSAR / AL / AISCENARIO PLANNINGETHNOGRAPHY
![Page 9: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
“If we knew what we were doing, it wouldn’t be called ‘research’.”
ALBERT EINSTEIN
![Page 12: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
A BRIEFHISTORY OF SCIENCE
![Page 13: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
“The hunt for the origins of modern science has long been a favourite occupation of historians. They differ widely about the key moment which saw science’s birth, tracing it to the philosophers of Classical Greece, or celebrating the canonical achievements of 17th-century heroes such as Galileo, Bacon, Descartes, Boyle and Newton, or insisting with great plausibility that until at least the early 19th century, the typical institutions and techniques of the natural sciences simply didn’t exist. These different stories depend on widely divergent versions of what distinguishes the scientific enterprise, whether method, personnel, hardware or expertise.”
SIMON SCHAFFER
![Page 14: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
XMAS, 1758(53 YEARS LATER)
![Page 15: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
“This year the world is witnessing the most satisfying phenomenon that astronomy has ever provided, an event unique to this day, changing our doubts into certainties, and our hypotheses into demonstrations.”
THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
![Page 16: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
“Science originated from the fusion of two old traditions, the tradition of philosophical thinking that began in ancient Greece and the tradition of skilled crafts that began even earlier and flourished in medieval Europe. Philosophy supplied the concepts for science, and skilled crafts provided the tools.”
FREEMAN DYSON
![Page 17: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
ARISTOTLE
![Page 18: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
SCHOLASTICS
![Page 19: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
TELESCOPEGALILEO
![Page 20: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
MICROSCOPEHOOK, LEEUWENHOEK
![Page 21: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
MACHINESPENDULUMS, CALCULUS ETC.
![Page 22: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
“The wonder is, not that the field of stars is so vast, but that man has measured it.”
ANATOLE FRANCE
![Page 23: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
COPERNICUS
![Page 24: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
GIORDANO BRUNO
![Page 25: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
GALILEO
![Page 26: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
EMPIRICALOBSERVATION
![Page 27: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
“Truth is sought for its own sake. And those who are engaged upon the quest for anything for its own sake are not interested in other things. Finding the truth is difficult, and the road to it is rough.”
IBN AL-HAYTHAM
![Page 29: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
INDUCTIONFRANCIS BACON
![Page 30: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
“There are and can be only two ways of searching into and discovering truth. The one flies from the senses and particulars to the most general axioms, and from these principles, the truth of which it takes for settled and immoveable, proceeds to judgment and to the discovery of middle axioms. And this way is now in fashion. The other derives axioms from the senses and particulars, rising by a gradual and unbroken ascent, so that it arrives at the most general axioms last of all. This is the true way, but as yet untried.”FRANCIS BACON
![Page 31: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
DESCARTESRATIONALISM / DEDUCTION
![Page 32: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
CERTITUDEAVOID BIASES OF MIND & SENSES
![Page 34: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
“Nature and Nature's laws lay hid in the night:
God said, Let Newton be! and all was light.”
ALEXANDER POPE
![Page 35: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
CLOCKWORKUNIVERSE
![Page 36: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
“We may regard the present state of the universe as the effect of its past and the cause of its future. An intellect which at any given moment knew all of the forces that animate nature and the mutual positions of the beings that compose it, if this intellect were vast enough to submit the data to analysis, could condense into a single formula the movement of the greatest bodies of the universe and that of the lightest atom; for such an intellect nothing could be uncertain and the future just like the past would be present before its eyes.”
PIERRE SIMON LA PLACE
![Page 37: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
ENLIGHTENMENTVOLTAIRE, JEAN-JAQUES ROUSSEAU, LOCKE, HUME ETC
![Page 38: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
AUTHORITYSCIENCE & REASONVS.TRADITION & RELIGION
![Page 39: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
REASONBECOMES MORE AND MORE LIKE MECHANISTIC MATERIALISM
![Page 40: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
19TH CSCIENCE GETS PROFESSIONAL
![Page 41: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
CHEMICALDEMISE OF PHLOGISTON THEORYACCURATE MEASUREMENT
![Page 42: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
PERIODIC TABLEMENDELEEV
![Page 43: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
ELECTROMAGNETISM
FARADAY & MAXWELL
![Page 45: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
EVOLUTIONDARWIN VS. PALEY
![Page 47: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
EVOLUTIONDARWIN VS. PALEY
![Page 48: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
FINCHESGRADUAL CHANGE (NO LEAPS)
![Page 49: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
SOCIALDARWINISM
![Page 50: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
“In the long history of humankind (and animal kind, too) those who learned to collaborate and improvise most effectively have prevailed.”
CHARLES DARWIN
![Page 51: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
GERM THEORYPASTEUR, KOCH
![Page 52: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
“[I]t seems probable that most of the grand underlying principles have now been firmly established and that further advances are to be sought chiefly in the rigorous application of these principles to all the phenomena which come under our notice…. An eminent physicist has remarked that the future truths of physical science are to be looked for in the sixth place of decimals.”
ALBERT MICHELSON, 1894
![Page 53: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
20TH CSCIENCE GETS SPOOKY/ED
![Page 54: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
RELATIVITYEINSTEIN
![Page 55: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
CHEMIST’S WAR
![Page 56: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
QUANTUMTHEORY
![Page 57: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
ENTANGLEMENT147 MILES
![Page 58: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
UNCERTAINTYLOCATION OR MOMENTUM BUT NOT BOTH
![Page 59: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
INCOMPLETENESSCONSISTENT OR COMPLETE BUT NOT BOTH
![Page 60: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
BIOLOGIST’SEUGENICS: NAZI ‘SCIENCE’
![Page 61: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
LYSENKOISMSOVIET ‘SCIENCE’
![Page 62: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
“He is responsible for the shameful backwardness of Soviet biology and of genetics in particular, for the dissemination of pseudo-scientific views, for adventurism, for the degradation of learning, and for the defamation, firing, arrest, even death, of many genuine scientists”ANDREI SAKHAROV
![Page 63: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
HOLOCAUSTINDUSTRIAL SCALE RATIONALISM
![Page 64: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
“Evil is the product of the ability of humans to make abstract that which is concrete.”
JEAN-PAUL SARTRE
![Page 65: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
PHYSICIST’SWAR
![Page 66: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
![Page 67: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
HIROSHIMAMANHATTAN PROJECT
![Page 68: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
ARMYINJECTING DISEASE IN 1950
![Page 69: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
COMPLEXINDUSTRIAL-MILITARY
![Page 70: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
WWWSOCIAL MEDIA, SOCIAL REVOLUTIONS...
![Page 71: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
WHAT IS SCIENCE?
![Page 72: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
BODYOF KNOWLEDGE
![Page 73: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
METHODACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE
![Page 74: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
“Science is the systematic, rational acquisition of new knowledge.”
HAAPARANTA & NIINILUOTO
![Page 75: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
“[I]f you are going to teach people to make observations, you should show that something wonderful can come from them.”
RICHARD FEYNMAN
![Page 76: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
PROCESSFIND CURIOUS PHENOMENA / QUESTIONS
![Page 77: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
![Page 78: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
PROCESSFIND CURIOUS PHENOMENA / QUESTIONSOBSERVE A LOTMAKE UP A THEORYDESIGN EXPERIMENT TO TEST THEORYANALYSETELL EVERYONE ABOUT ITREPEAT (BY OTHERS)
![Page 79: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
![Page 80: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
“Science is an inherent contradiction — systematic wonder — applied to the natural world. In its mundane form, the methodical instinct prevails and the result, an orderly procession of papers, advances the perimeter of knowledge, step by laborious step… Who knows how many scientific revolutions have been missed because their potential inaugurators disregarded the whimsical, the incidental, the inconvenient inside the laboratory?”
THE GENERAL THEORY OF LOVE
![Page 81: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
![Page 82: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
“Science is not formal logic - it needs the free play of the mind in as great a degree as any other creative art. It is true that this is a gift which can hardly be taught, but its growth can be encouraged in those who already possess it.”
MAX BORN
![Page 83: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
MYTHOSLOGOS
![Page 84: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
“The most beautiful experience we can have is the mysterious - the fundamental emotion which stands at the cradle of true art and true science.
EINSTEIN
![Page 85: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
“Science is the most exquisite tool that we’ve developed for measuring that hard, physical, material world. Then there is the world of ideas which is inside our head. I would say that both of these worlds are equally real – they’re just real in different ways.”
ALAN MOORE
![Page 86: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Mystery kidney disease in Central America
![Page 87: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
WHAT MIGHT YOU WANT TO OBSERVE?WHAT DATA MIGHT YOU WANT?
![Page 88: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
OBSERVEINDUCE A THEORYDEDUCE A PREDICTION
![Page 89: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
THEORYTHEORY NEEDS TO CREATE HYPOTHESES TO TEST / VERIFY
![Page 90: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
FALSIFICATIONSCIENCE NEEDS TESTABLE PREDICTIONS
![Page 91: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
DEDUCTFROM GENERAL TO SPECIFIC
![Page 92: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
INDUCTFROM SPECIFIC TO GENERAL
![Page 93: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
![Page 94: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
WHAT PREDICTIONS MIGHT YOUR THEORY HOLD TRUE?WHAT EXPERIMENTS COULD YOU RUN?
![Page 95: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
AVOIDSUBJECT BIASEXPERIMENTER BIASSELECTION BIAS
![Page 96: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
RCT
![Page 97: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
IN DEVPT
![Page 98: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
WHAT RCTS COULD YOU RUN?
![Page 99: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
CRITERIATESTABLEREPEATABLEOBSERVABLEPREDICTABLE
![Page 100: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
CRITERIAOBJECTIVITYPUBLICITYCRITICAL THINKINGSELF-CORRECTIVENESSAUTONOMYPROGRESSIVENESS
![Page 101: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
VALUE-FREE?AGENDA-LESS?
![Page 102: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
“Science can (potentially at least) explain everything because its ways of trying to understand the universe by asking questions of it should not leave any areas off-limits. The methods of openness, inquiry, curiosity, theory building, hypothesis testing and so on can be adapted and developed to explore and try to explain anything.”
SUE BLACKMORE
![Page 103: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
GRANDNARRATIVE
![Page 104: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
PROGRESS!
![Page 105: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
TELEOLOYGEIST
![Page 106: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
CONTROL!PLANETPEOPLE
![Page 107: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
![Page 108: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
DEFINE!IQBMIHAPPINESSGDP
![Page 109: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
![Page 110: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
EXPLOIT!VALUEENERGY
![Page 111: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
![Page 112: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
KNOWLEDGEPOWER
![Page 113: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
“And God said: Let man have dominion of the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air. and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth over the earth.”
GENESIS 1, 26
![Page 114: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
ESSENTIALTRUTH / IDENTITY
![Page 115: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
FOUCAULTGENEALOGYDISCONTINUITY
![Page 116: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
FOUCAULTINDUSTRIAL-MILITARY
![Page 117: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
“A new mode of obtaining power of mind over mind, in a quantity hitherto without example.”
JEREMY BENTHAM
![Page 118: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
GAZECONSTRUCTS KNOWER AND KNOWN
![Page 119: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
“Which speaking, discoursing subjects – which subjects of experience and knowledge – do you want to ‘diminish’ when you say: ‘I who conduct this discourse am conducting a scientific discourse, and I am a scientist’?”
FOUCAULT
![Page 120: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
SURVEILLANCE
![Page 121: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
SOUSVEILLANCE
![Page 122: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
HISTORICALVS ESSENTIAL
![Page 123: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
DARWINIMPERIALISM & DOMINATION OF NATURE
![Page 124: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
BIOLOGYNOW IN CONTEXT OF CO-OPERATION & COLLABORATION
![Page 125: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
EVOLUTIONREVISITED WITHIN COMPLEXITY
![Page 126: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
GENENOT ISOLATED
![Page 127: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
25,000HOW DO WE GET SO COMPLEX?
![Page 128: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
EPIGENETICSDNA METHYLATION
![Page 129: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
CONSTRUCTEDSOCIALLY
SCIENCE
![Page 130: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
SSKEDINBURGH / BATH
![Page 131: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
TACITAGREEMENTSKNOWLEDGE
![Page 132: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
PARADIGMKUHNFOUCAULT EPISTEME
![Page 133: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
KUHN...PRE-PARADIGM PARADIGM (NORMAL SCIENCE) ANOMALY CRISIS RESPONSE & EMERGENCE OF NEW PARADIGM
![Page 134: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
“A new scientific truth does not triumph by convincing its opponents and making them see the light, but rather because its opponents eventually die, and a new generation grows up that is familiar with it.”
MAX PLANCK
![Page 135: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
SHIFTSPTOLEMAIC COSMOLOGY - COPERNICANARISTOTELIAN PHYSICS - NEWTONIAN PHYSICSNEWTONIAN PHYSICS - EINSTEIN’S RELATIVITY CLASSICAL MECHANICS - QUANTUM MECHANICS LAMARCK - DARWIN’S THEORY STATIC BRAIN - NEUROPLASTICITY
![Page 136: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
REVOLUTIONINCOMENSURABILITY
![Page 137: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
INVISIBLETEXT BOOKS SHOW LINEARITYCUMULATIVE KNOWLDEGE
![Page 138: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
DECLINEEFFECT
![Page 139: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
RELATIVISMAAARGH
![Page 140: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
MATERIALISMSTOPS BEFORE BIG BANG AS NO OBJECT / MATERIAL
![Page 141: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
CRITIQUESCIENTISM
![Page 142: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
OBSERVESOMETHING
![Page 143: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
SUBJECT /OBJECT
![Page 144: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
VARIABLESPLITS UNITY OF EXPERIENCE
![Page 145: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
“For is it not possible that science will create a monster? Is it not possible that an objective approach that frowns upon personal connections between the entities examined will harm people, turn them into miserable, unfriendly, self-righteous mechanisms without charm or humour? "Is it not possible," asks Kierkegaard, "that my activity as an objective [or critico-rational] observer of nature will weaken my strength as a human being?" I suspect the answer to many of these questions is affirmative and I believe that a reform of the sciences that makes them more anarchic and more subjective is urgently needed.”
PAUL FEYERABEND
![Page 146: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
GOETHEDELICATE, EMPATHIC EMPIRICISM
300 YEARS BEFORE COPENHAGEN INTERPRETATION
![Page 147: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/147.jpg)
“It is a calamity that the use of experiment has severed nature from man, so that he is content to understand nature merely through what artificial instruments reveal and by so doing even restricts her achievements...Microscopes and telescopes, in actual fact, confuse man's innate clarity of mind.”
GOETHE
![Page 148: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
TAWHIDISLAMIC SCIENCE
![Page 149: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
![Page 150: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
DISENCHANTMENTOF WORLD
![Page 151: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/151.jpg)
“The fate of our times is characterized by rationalization and intellectualization and, above all, by the 'disenchantment of the world.' Precisely the ultimate and most sublime values have retreated from public life either into the transcendental realm of mystic life or into the brotherliness of direct and personal human relations.”
MAX WEBER, 1918
![Page 152: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/152.jpg)
SCIENCEVS PSEUDOSCIENCE
![Page 153: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/153.jpg)
CARGOCULT
![Page 154: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/154.jpg)
![Page 155: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/155.jpg)
WHAT IS SOCIALSCIENCE?
![Page 156: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/156.jpg)
156
![Page 157: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/157.jpg)
POSITIVISMDESCRIBECONTROLPREDICT
![Page 158: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/158.jpg)
COMTEPOST-REVOLUTION
![Page 159: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/159.jpg)
“From science comes prediction; from prediction comes action.”
COMMTE
![Page 160: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/160.jpg)
CHANGE!DISSATISFACTION WITH WHAT IS
![Page 161: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/161.jpg)
ANTIPOSITIVISMMAX WEBER
![Page 162: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/162.jpg)
“[Sociology is ] ... the science whose object is to interpret the meaning of social action and thereby give a causal explanation of the way in which the action proceeds and the effects which it produces. [Never] is the 'meaning' thought of as somehow objectively 'correct' or 'true' by some metaphysical criterion. This is the difference between the empirical sciences of action, such as sociology and history, and any kind of a priori discipline, such as jurisprudence, logic, ethics, or aesthetics whose aim is to extract from their subject-matter 'correct' or 'valid' meaning.”
MAX WEBER 1922
![Page 163: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/163.jpg)
HERMENEUTICSTURN
![Page 164: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/164.jpg)
GEISTESWISSENSCHAFTEN
NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN
![Page 165: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/165.jpg)
VERSTEHENVS. ERKLÄREN
![Page 166: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/166.jpg)
“Until we invent time-travel and really get a handle on the multiverse, science tells us little about history, for example. Science may be able to tell us why we like music, why certain types of sound appeal more than others, but not why Bach is the best.”
A REALIST PHILOSOPHY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE: EXPLANATION AND UNDERSTANDING
![Page 167: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/167.jpg)
LITERARYTURN
![Page 168: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/168.jpg)
AUTHOR IS DEAD
![Page 169: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/169.jpg)
TRUTHS(S)RELATIVISMPOST MODERNISM (IRONY)
![Page 170: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/170.jpg)
TRUTHWHO OWNS IT?(AND WHAT DO THEY GET FROM IT?)
![Page 171: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/171.jpg)
FRANKFURTSCHOOL
![Page 172: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/172.jpg)
CRITICALTHINKING
![Page 173: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/173.jpg)
“The emancipation of human beings from the circumstances that enslave them.”
HORKHEIMER
![Page 174: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/174.jpg)
“The means of communication, the irresistible output of the entertainment and information industry carry with them prescribed attitudes and habits, certain intellectual and emotional reactions which bind the consumers to the producers and, through the latter to the whole social system. The products indoctrinate and manipulate; they promote a false consciousness which is immune against its falsehood...Thus emerges a pattern of one-dimensional thought and behavior.”
HERBERT MARCUSE
![Page 175: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/175.jpg)
1-DMAN
![Page 176: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/176.jpg)
MARXISTTHEORY
![Page 177: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/177.jpg)
“Philosophers have only interpreted the world in various ways; the point is to change it.”
MARX
![Page 178: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/178.jpg)
DECONSTRUCTIONDERRIDA ETC.
![Page 179: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/179.jpg)
“The positivist thesis of unified science, which assimilates all the sciences to a natural-scientific model, fails because of the intimate relationship between the social sciences and history, and the fact that they are based on a situation-specific understanding of meaning that can be explicated only hermeneutically ... access to a symbolically prestructured reality cannot be gained by observation alone.”
JURGEN HABERMAS
![Page 180: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/180.jpg)
“No pedagogy which is truly liberating can remain distant from the oppressed by treating them as unfortunates and by presenting for their emulation models from among the oppressors. The oppressed must be their own example in the struggle for their redemption.”
PAULO FREIRE 1970
![Page 181: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/181.jpg)
IS vs OUGHT
![Page 182: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/182.jpg)
SOCIAL SCIENCETRUE? VALUE-FREE?
![Page 183: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/183.jpg)
“'It is imperative that we give up the idea of ultimate sources of knowledge, and admit that all knowledge is human; that it is mixed with our errors, our prejudices, our dreams, and our hopes; that all we can do is to grope for truth even though it is beyond our reach. There is no authority beyond the reach of criticism.”
KARL POPPER
![Page 184: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/184.jpg)
DIALOGICTRUTH
BAKHTIN
![Page 185: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/185.jpg)
“What man needs is not just the persistent posing of ultimate questions, but the sense of what is feasible, what is possible, what is correct, here and now. The philosopher, of all people, must, I think, be aware of the tension between what he claims to achieve and the reality in which he finds himself.”
HANS-GEORG GADAMER
![Page 186: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/186.jpg)
PRAGMATISMBETWEEN IDEALISM & EMPIRICISM
![Page 187: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/187.jpg)
“In Aristotle’s words phronesis is a ‘true state, reasoned, and capable of action with regard to things that are good or bad for man.’ Phronesis goes beyond both analytical, scientific knowledge (episteme) and technical knowledge or know-how (techne) and involves judgments and decisions made in the manner of a virtuoso social and political actor.”
BENT FLYVBJERG
![Page 188: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/188.jpg)
PHRONESISWHERE ARE WE GOING?IS THIS DESIRABLE?WHO GAINS AND WHO LOSES, AND BY WHICH MECHANISMS OF POWER?WHAT, IF ANYTHING, SHOULD WE DO ABOUT IT?
![Page 189: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/189.jpg)
MAPNOT NECESSARILY THE TERRITORY BUT IT CAN HELP GUIDE US PRACTICALLY
![Page 190: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/190.jpg)
PRACTICALPHILOSOPHY
![Page 191: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/191.jpg)
INTENTION KNOWLEDGE TERMS LENSES
KNOW ‘TRUTH’ EXPLANATION OF WHAT IS
NATURALISM / REALISMPROOF
REDUCTIONISMEMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
INDUCTION / DEDUCTION
PREDICT / CONTROL NATURE
CORROBORATION OF WHAT WORKS INSTRUMENTALISM EVIDENCE BASE
RCTS
APPRECIATE / EMPATHISE
UNDERSTANDING OF HOW THINGS ARE HERMENEUTICS
SEMIOTICSCONTEXT
QUAL / QUANTPO
DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
DISEMPOWER CRITICISM OF WHY THINGS ARE
STRUCTURALISMPOST MODERNISM
DECONSTRUCTION‘ARCHEOLOGY’
CRITICAL THEORY
IMPROVE INSIGHT INTO HOW TO CHANGE THINGS EMANCIPATION
SYSTEMS / CYNEFINACTION RESEARCH
CRITICAL CONSCIOUSNESS
![Page 192: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/192.jpg)
DAY 2SYSTEMS THINKING & COMPLEXITY
![Page 193: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/193.jpg)
13 vs 333
![Page 194: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/194.jpg)
HOW DO YOU SOLVE MY BACK ACHE?
![Page 195: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/195.jpg)
“We still have not seen much movement on... the deep systemic issues that cause the current cluster of crisis symptoms to be reproduced time and again. I believe that the most important root issue of the current crisis is our thinking: how we collectively think.”
C OTTO SCHARMER
![Page 196: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/196.jpg)
HOW WE THINKLINEAR, REDUCTIONIST, MECHANISTICSEPARATE FROM NATURE / EACH OTHERNATURE / PEOPLE THERE TO BE USEDEXIST TO COMPETE, CONSUME, PRODUCE
![Page 197: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/197.jpg)
LINEARITYCAUSE / EFFECTBLAME AGENTS / INTENTIONSREALISM / SCIENTISM
![Page 198: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/198.jpg)
“Reality is made up of circles, but we see straight lines. Herein lies the beginnings of our limitation as systems thinkers.”
PETER SENGE
![Page 199: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/199.jpg)
SYSTEMINDIVIDUAL PARTSPARTS AFFECT EACH OTHERWHOLE MORE THAN SUMPERSIST IN DIFFERENT SETTING
![Page 200: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/200.jpg)
“There can be no scientific study of society, either in its conditions or its movements, if it is separated into portions, and its divisions are studied apart.”
AUGUSTE COMTE
![Page 201: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/201.jpg)
SYSTEMSHAVE IDENTITIES WHICH RESIST CHANGERESPOND TO INTERVENTIONSATTEMPT TO SHAPE PEOPLE / PLACESCOMPLEX BEHAVIOURLEARNSYMBOLIC EXCHANGES
![Page 202: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/202.jpg)
SYSTEMICCOMPLEMENTARY INTERACTIONSTRIGGERS, DRIVERS, RESPONSESPATTERNS EMERGE OVER TIMESYSTEMS CAUSE BEHAVIOUR (VICE VERSA)MUTUAL RESPONSIBILITYINTENTIONS ARE NOT ALWAYS CLEAR
![Page 203: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/203.jpg)
DIALOGICCONSTRUCTED & REALTANGIBLE & CONCEPTUALCREATE & CREATED
![Page 204: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/204.jpg)
TAUGHT TO ANALYSE, MECHANISELINEAR MODE OF THINKING (LANGUAGE)BIASES & ASSUMPTIONSSYSTEMS MASQUERADE AS EVENTS
HARD!
![Page 205: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/205.jpg)
systems images
![Page 206: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/206.jpg)
CHALLENGINGTAUGHT TO ANALYSELINEAR MODE (LANGUAGE)BIASES & ASSUMPTIONSMASQUERADE AS EVENTS
![Page 207: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/207.jpg)
“Unlike curiosity or empiricism, holism takes a while to acquire and appreciate.”
NICHOLAS CHRISTAKIS
![Page 208: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/208.jpg)
WHOLENESSBIOLOGY: VON BERTANALFY
![Page 209: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/209.jpg)
CONSTELLATIONSFAMILY DYNAMICSMUTUAL OWNERSHIP EMPATHIC DISCOVERY
![Page 210: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/210.jpg)
![Page 211: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/211.jpg)
“Can we talk about the wholeness of life? Can one be aware of that wholeness if the mind is fragmented? You can't be aware of the whole if you are only looking through a small hole.”
J KRISHNAMURTI
![Page 212: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/212.jpg)
![Page 213: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/213.jpg)
MULTIVERSEMANY STAKEHOLDERS / PERSPECTIVEMULTIPLE INTENTIONSMANY FRAMES / INTERPRETATIONS
![Page 214: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/214.jpg)
INTERVENTIONSHIGHLY CHARGEDMANY SCOPING CHALLENGES
![Page 215: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/215.jpg)
MAPPINGSYSTEMS
![Page 216: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/216.jpg)
![Page 217: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/217.jpg)
SYMPTOMSVS. ROOT ‘CAUSES’
![Page 218: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/218.jpg)
WEBOF CAUSATION
DEPENDENT ORIGINATION
![Page 219: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/219.jpg)
![Page 220: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/220.jpg)
“No effect arises without cause, yet no effect is predetermined, for its causes are multiple and mutually affecting. Hence there can be novelty as well as order.”
JOANNA MACY
![Page 221: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/221.jpg)
FEEDBACKOSCILLATIONS BETWEEN POSITIVE & NEGATIVE LOOPS (& INTENTIONS)THE PAST FEEDS INTO THE FUTURE
![Page 222: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/222.jpg)
BOUNDARIESWHERE?
![Page 223: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/223.jpg)
“A system is anything we happen to draw a boundary around. ”
RICHARD VERYARD
![Page 224: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/224.jpg)
LAWUNINTENDED CONSEQUENCESSURPRISES!
![Page 225: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/225.jpg)
STATEPREFERRED OR NOT
NOT NORMATIVE ‘RIGHT’ OR ‘WRONG’
![Page 226: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/226.jpg)
“Something hit me very hard once, thinking about what one little man could do. Think of the Queen Mary - the whole ship goes by and then comes the rudder. And there's a tiny thing at the edge of the rudder called a trim tab.”
BUCKMINSTER FULLER
![Page 227: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/227.jpg)
![Page 228: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/228.jpg)
SWEETSPOTS
![Page 229: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/229.jpg)
![Page 230: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/230.jpg)
STATUS QUOMAINTAINED BY OUTDATED ASSUMPTIONS
![Page 231: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/231.jpg)
![Page 232: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/232.jpg)
PLATOCONVENIENT LIES
![Page 233: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/233.jpg)
![Page 234: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/234.jpg)
DEFENDEDBY THE GROUP THINK OF THOSE IN POWER
![Page 235: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/235.jpg)
© Wecreate 2012
BREAKTHROUGH
SWITCHED ON LEADERSHIPBREAKTHROUGH INNOVATION
THE EXTENT OF THE BREAKTHROUGH
DEPENDS ON HOW DEEP WE ARE WILLING TO GO INTO WHAT IS
POSSIBLE
BREAKTHROUGH
![Page 236: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/236.jpg)
© Wecreate 2012
BREAKTHROUGH
SWITCHED ON LEADERSHIPBREAKTHROUGH INNOVATION
BREAKTHROUGH
![Page 237: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/237.jpg)
“Jump to an answer - you might as well jump to the river.”
RUSSIAN PROVERB
![Page 238: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/238.jpg)
238
![Page 239: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/239.jpg)
Breakthrough Opportunity
© wecreate 2012
Breakthrough Proposition
Problem
What is the problem, in human terms?
Proposition
What is the current proposition that results inthis probelm?
Assumptions
What do we have to believe to generateand validate this proposition?
Breakthrough Insight
What kind of headline ideas couldseize this opportunity?
What proposition emerges from thisinsight?
What is a more insightful, future-positivebelief?
BREAKTHROUGH
239THE BREAKTHROUGH SWITCH
What is the current proposition that results in this problem?
![Page 240: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/240.jpg)
240
A BILLION PEOPLE DO NOT HAVE CLEAN WATER -
CHOLERA EPIDEMICS KILL HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS
![Page 241: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/241.jpg)
Breakthrough Opportunity
© wecreate 2012
Breakthrough Proposition
Problem
What is the problem, in human terms?
Proposition
What is the current proposition [product offer, business model, org process] that leads to this problem?
Assumptions
What do we have to believe to generate and validate this proposition?
Breakthrough Insight
What kind of headline ideas could seize this opportunity?
What proposition maximises accessibility, usability and enjoyability?
What is a more powerful, liberating and abundant view ofhuman nature /life?
BREAKTHROUGH
CHOLERA
Raise money to buy and deliver equipment (drill boreholes, pumps, lifestraws) to provide water. More
investment needed to maintain technology.
A billion people do not have clean water - cholera epidemics kill
hundreds of thousands.
New things / technology is the best way to solve problems.
Money solves problems.The people need help.
.
Focus investment on empowering and enabling people (with media tools, comms etc)
to use it in new ways to increase health - virally.
The Folded Sari
Existing equipment - the sari - can be re-purposed to solve problems.
The people welcome empowerment.
![Page 242: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/242.jpg)
242
99% OF MICROBES FILTERED50% REDUCTION IN CHOLERA
70% STILL FILTERING 5 YEARS LATER + VIRAL
SPREAD
![Page 243: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/243.jpg)
REAMP.ORG
![Page 244: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/244.jpg)
PM
![Page 245: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/245.jpg)
![Page 246: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/246.jpg)
ANTSNEITHER INDIVIDUAL NOR GROUP BEHAVIOURSIGNALINGADAPTATION TO WEATHER / ATTACKHOW THROUGH EVOLUTION?
![Page 247: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/247.jpg)
COMPLEX / ADAPTIVEBRAINSHEART MUSCLEIMMUNE SYSTEMINSECT COLONIESGLOBAL ECONOMY
![Page 248: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/248.jpg)
“You have to be a certain kind of complex system to adapt, and you have to be a certain kind of complex system to coevolve with other complex systems. We have to understand what it means for complex systems to come to know one another — in the sense that when complex systems coevolve, each sets the conditions of success for the others. I suspect that there are emergent laws about how such complex systems work, so that, in a global, Gaia- like way, complex coevolving systems mutually get themselves to the edge of chaos, where they're poised in a balanced state. It's a very pretty idea. It may be right, too.”
STUART KAUFMANN
![Page 249: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/249.jpg)
![Page 250: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/250.jpg)
COMPLEXNON-LINEAR COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOURFEEDBACK, SIGNALING & INFO PROCESSINGADAPTATION VIA LEARNING OR EVOLUTIONHAVE A HISTORYNESTED HIERARCHIESSELF-ORGANISED EMERGENCE
![Page 251: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/251.jpg)
![Page 252: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/252.jpg)
WEBOF CAUSATION
![Page 253: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/253.jpg)
ROBUSTNESS, FLEXIBILITY, SPONTANEOUS INNOVATION.
SEMI-AUTONOMOUS FUNCTIONING NEEDING MINIMAL
SUPERVISION
SELF-ORGANISATION
![Page 254: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/254.jpg)
CONTROLNATURAL RESPONSE TO FIX COMPLEX PROBLEMS
BUT LOSE RESILIENCE & CREATIVE OF SYSTEM (AND FAILS)
![Page 255: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/255.jpg)
“If biologists have ignored self-organization, it is not because self-ordering is not pervasive and profound. It is because we biologists have yet to understand how to think about systems governed simultaneously by two sources of order, Yet who seeing the snowflake, who seeing simple lipid molecules cast adrift in water forming themselves into cell-like hollow lipid vesicles, who seeing the potential for the crystallization of life in swarms of reacting molecules, who seeing the stunning order for free in networks linking tens upon tens of thousands of variables, can fail to entertain a central thought: if ever we are to attain a final theory in biology, we will surely, surely have to understand the commingling of self-organization and selection. We will have to see that we are the natural expressions of a deeper order. Ultimately, we will discover in our creation myth that we are expected after all.”
STUART KAUFFMAN
![Page 256: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/256.jpg)
BIRDSSTAY CLOSEMATCH VELOCITYAVOID OBSTACLES
![Page 257: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/257.jpg)
BIRDSSTAY CLOSE (COHESION)MATCH DIRECTION & VELOCITY (ALIGNMENT)AVOID COLLISION (SEPERATION)
![Page 258: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/258.jpg)
WEATHERNON-LINEARNON-EQUILIBRIUM
![Page 259: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/259.jpg)
BUTTERFLYEFFECT
![Page 260: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/260.jpg)
CHAOSPOSITION, MASS, VELOCITY NOT ENOUGH TO PREDICT
![Page 261: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/261.jpg)
HUMANSDO NOT OPERATE IN EQUILIBRIUMS EITHER
![Page 262: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/262.jpg)
NETWORKSC. ELEGANSBRAINWEBHOLLYWOODNATIONAL GRIDMETABOLISMGENE EXPRESSION
![Page 263: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/263.jpg)
NETWORKSSMALL WORLD
![Page 264: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/264.jpg)
SCALE FREEHUBSHETEROGENOUS NODESSELF-SIMILARITY
![Page 265: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/265.jpg)
![Page 266: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/266.jpg)
![Page 267: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/267.jpg)
1/n
![Page 268: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/268.jpg)
RICHGET RICHER
![Page 269: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/269.jpg)
EPIDEMIOLOGYSEXUAL HUBS IN HIV
![Page 270: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/270.jpg)
RESILIENCEEXCEPT FOR HUBS!
![Page 271: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/271.jpg)
FAILURECASCADING
![Page 272: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/272.jpg)
EDGEOF CHAOS
MAXIMUM RATES OF GENERATION / EVOLUTION
![Page 273: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/273.jpg)
EDGE OF
CHAOS
ORDER
DISORDER
![Page 274: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/274.jpg)
© Wecreate 2012
BREAKTHROUGH
SWITCHED ON LEADERSHIPBREAKTHROUGH INNOVATION
CHAOS
BREAKTHROUGH
PREFERRED ORDERCURRENT ORDER
![Page 275: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/275.jpg)
AGILEATTENTIONEXPERIMENTROBUSTOPEN TO MULTIPLE POSSIBILITIES
LEADERSHIP AT EDGE OF CHAOS
![Page 276: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/276.jpg)
MAKINGCHANGE IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS
![Page 277: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/277.jpg)
“Thinking more deeply about institutions and complexity raises major dilemmas for development interventions. On the one hand, tackling poverty, achieving social justice and protecting the environment clearly require institutional transformation. On the other, institutions cannot be effectively changed in a neatly planned, top-down manner.”
JIM WOODHILL
![Page 278: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/278.jpg)
“Don’t disturb complicated systems that have been around for a very long time. We don’t understand their logic… Leave it the way we found it, regardless of scientific ‘evidence’.”
N. NICHOLAS TALEB
![Page 279: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/279.jpg)
REMEMBERDYNAMIC, RICH INTERACTIONSDIFFERENT PEOPLE, DIFFERENT LEVELSFEEDBACK LOOPSNON-LINEAR, UNPREDICTABLEEMERGENT CHARACTERISTICSSMALL CHANGES CAN HAVE LARGE IMPACTSHISTORY CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE
![Page 280: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/280.jpg)
HUMANITYCHANGE CAN ONLY HAPPEN WITH PEOPLE
![Page 281: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/281.jpg)
RECEIVEDWISDOM DOESN’T ALWAYS APPLY
![Page 282: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/282.jpg)
CYNEFINIBM ET. AL.
![Page 283: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/283.jpg)
“Often the only way to improve a complex system is to probe its limits by forcing it to fail in various ways.”
KEVIN KELLY
![Page 284: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/284.jpg)
Disorder
Simple
Predictable causes and effectsUse best-practice
Focus on co-ordination
ComplicatedKnown causes and effects
Use good practiceFocus on co-operation
ComplexUnderstandable root causes
Use emergent practice (harness principles)
Focus on collaboration
Chaotic
Unknowable causes / effectsUse new practice
Focus on co-creation
Sense. Analyze. Respond
Sense. Categorize. Respond
Sense. Explore. Respond
Explore. Sense. Respond
The Cynefin Model
![Page 285: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/285.jpg)
“Part of reinventing the sacred is to heal...injuries that we hardly know we suffer. If we are members of a universe in which emergence and ceaseless creativity abound, if we take that creativity as a sense of God we can share, the resulting sense of the sacredness of all of life and the planet can help orient our lives beyond the consumerism and commodification the industrialized world now lives, heal the split between reason and faith, heal the split between science and the humanities, heal the want of spirituality, heal the wound derived from the false reductionist belief that we live in a world of fact without values, and help us jointly build a global ethic. These are what is at stake in finding a new scientific worldview that enables us to reinvent the sacred.”
STUART KAUFFMAN
![Page 286: SCIENCE FOR CHANGE AGENTS](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061216/54b357904a795993398b46a0/html5/thumbnails/286.jpg)
WECREATE.CC (THIS WILL BE UP IN FEW DAYS)NICKJANKEL.COM