Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources
-
Upload
rebecca-choong-xin-hui -
Category
Documents
-
view
7.007 -
download
0
Transcript of Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources
![Page 1: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
F3 Science Chapter 6
Land and Its Resources
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com Last update: 17/7/2010
![Page 2: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Minerals
•Rocks – made up of minerals•Minerals – solid elements/compounds
found naturally•Example?
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 3: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Gold
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 4: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Quartz 石英 (silicon dioxide)
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 5: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Limestone 石灰石 (calcium carbonate)
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 6: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Minerals
•Most minerals, are found as natural compounds in the form of oxides, sulphides, carbonates, and silicates.
•Although there are about 3000 types of minerals in the Earth’s crust, only 25 types are present in large quantities
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 7: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Identifying the elements in natural compounds•Minerals found as natural compound ---
metallic elements combined with non-metallic elements
•Example: Haematite 赤铁矿
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 8: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Elements present in minerals that are found as natural compoundsNatural compound
Mineral Elements
Oxide Haematite Iron, oxygen
Cassiterite Tin, oxygen
Carbonate Calcite Calcium, carbon, oxygen
Malachite Copper, carbon, oxygen
Sulphide Iron pyrite Iron, sulphur
Galena Lead, sulphur
Silicate China clay Aluminium, silicon, oxygen
Calcium silicate Calcium, silicon, oxygen
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 9: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Properties of minerals
•Hard•Insoluble•Heating?
▫Most metal oxides are stable, cannot be broken down by heating.
▫But there are exceptions
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 10: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
When some minerals are heated…1. Metal Suphide
▫Breaks down into a metal oxide and releases sulphur dioxide gas
▫Equation?▫This gas changes the potassium manganate
(VII) solution from purple to colourless
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 11: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
When some minerals are heated…2. Metal Carbonate
▫Change to their oxides and carbon dioxide when burnt in air.
▫Equation?▫The carbon dioxide gas causes limewater to
turn cloudly
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 12: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
6.2 Reactions Between Metal and Non-metal•Reaction of metals with oxygen
▫A metal oxide is formed▫Equation?
Metal + oxygen –(heated)--> Metal oxide•Reaction of metals with sulphur
▫A metal sulphide is formed▫Equation?
Metal + Sulphur –(heated)--> Metal sulphide
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 13: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Reactions of Metals with O2
Metal Reaction rate
Product of reaction
Magnesium
Very fast Magnesium oxide
Aluminium Very fast Aluminium oxideZinc Fast Zinc oxideIron Fast Iron oxideCopper Slow Copper oxide
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 14: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Reactions of Metals with Sulphur, S
Metal Reaction rate
Product of reaction
Magnesium Very fast Magnesium sulphide
Aluminium Very fast Aluminium sulphideZinc Fast Zinc sulphideIron Fast Iron sulphideCopper Slow Copper sulphide
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 15: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
6.3 Silicon Compounds 硅 , 矽
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 16: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
6.3 Silicon Compounds 硅 , 矽•Silicon is the second most abundant
element in the Earth’s crust.•Silicon does not exist as a free element in
its natural state, but in compounds•Silicon compounds in the Earth’s crust –
silica, silicates
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 17: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Silica 矽石 – silicon dioxide
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 18: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Silicates 硅酸盐– silicon, metal, oxygen
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 19: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Silicon compounds and their examplesSilicon compound
Example
Silica Sand, quartzSilicate Asbestos, jade, clay,
mica
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 20: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Asbestos
![Page 21: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Jade
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 22: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Clay
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 23: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Mica 云母
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 24: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Silica and Silicates
•Insoluble in water•Do not react with acid•Do not break down when heated•That’s why they are very stable in the
Earth crust•Hence, not easily eroded, found in large
quantities in the Earth’s crust
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 25: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Silica and Silicates
•In industry:▫Manufacture of glass, fiber optic cables,
ceramics
ceramics
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 26: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
6.4 Calcium compounds
•Calcium carbonate is an important calcium compound
•Consists of calcium, carbon, and oxygen
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 27: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Marble
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 28: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Animal shell
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 29: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Coral
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 30: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Calcium Carbonate
•Insoluble in water•Reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to
produce salt, water and carbon dioxide•Equation?
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 31: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Calcium carbonate
•When heated strongly, calcium carbonate changes to calcium oxide (quicklime) and carbon dioxide is released
•Few drops of water are added to calcium oxide, effervescence occur and heat is given off, forming calcium hydroxide
•When more water is added, it dissolves to form calcium hydroxide solution, also known as limewater
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 32: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Petroleum
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 33: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Petroleum
•Mixture of several hydrocarbons, which consist of hydrogen and carbon only
•Hydrocarbons in petroleum are separated by a process called fractional distillation
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com
![Page 34: Science F3 Chap 6 Land and It's Resources](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051111/552783ad497959ec0f8b49ce/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
http://xinhuicafe.wordpress.com