Science Education in the United States: An International Perspective Oregon Summer Institute August...

Science Education in the United States:

An International Perspective

Oregon Summer InstituteAugust 2006

William H. SchmidtMichigan State University

© 2005 Center for Research in Mathematics and Science Education, Michigan State University

Instructional Content Constructs

Curricular CoherenceCurricular Structure

Curricular FocusExposure Time (OTL)

Curricular RigorLevel of Complexity

Number of Science Topics Intended by Standards for Each Grade



Yearly Science Instruction Time

ZS

SA

ME

-Gra

de

4

350

325

300

275

250

225

200

175

150

125

100

75

50

250

ZS

SA

ME

-Gra

de

4

350

325

300

275

250

225

200

175

150

125

100

75

50

250

4th Grade:

100 hours/year ≈ 33 minutes/day


Science Topics Intended by the Top-Achieving TIMSS CountriesGrade

Topics 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Organs, Tissues l l l l l l l l lPhysical Properties of Matter l l l l l l l l lPlants, Fungi l l l l l l l lAnimals l l l l l l l l lClassification of Matter l l l l l l l l lRocks, Soil l l l l l l lLight l l l l l lElectricity l l l l l l lLife Cycles l l l l l l l lPhysical Changes of Matter l l l l l l l lHeat & Temperature l l l l l l l lBodies of Water l l l l l l l lI nterdependence of Lif e l l l l l lHabitats & Niches l l l l l lBiomes & Ecosystems l l l l l l lReproduction l l l lTime, Space, Motion l l l l l l lTypes of Forces l l l l l l lWeather & Climate l l l l l lPlanets in the Solar System l l l l l l l lMagnetism l l l l l lEarth's Composition l l l lOrganism Energy Handling l l l l l lLand, Water, Sea Resource Conservation l l l l l lEarth in the Solar System l l l lAtoms, I ons, Molecules l l l l lChemical Properties of Matter l l l l lChemical Changes of Matter l l l l lPhysical Cycles l l lLand Forms l l l l lMaterial & Energy Resource Conservation l l l l lExplanations of Physical Changes l l l l lPollution l l l l lAtmosphere l l lSound & Vibration l l l l lCells l l l l lHuman Nutrition l l l lBuilding & Breaking l l l lEnergy Types, Sources, Conversions l l l lDynamics of Motion l l l lOrganism Sensing & Responding l l l lBeyond the solar system l l l lVariation and inheritance l l lEvolution, speciation, diversity l l lMacromolecules, crystals, amorphous l l lSubatomic particles l l lExplanations of chemical changes l l lMathematics, techn'y influ on science lScience applications in math, techn'y lElectrochemistry l lOther organisms l lRate of change & equilibria l lEnergy & chemical change l lOrganic & biochemical changes l lWave phenomena l lDisease and health lWorld population lNuclear chemistry l lBiochemical processes in cells lBiochemistry of genetics lHistory of science & technology lEvolution of the universe lQuantum theory & fund'l particles l


Science Topics Intended by the Top-Achieving TIMSS Countries (Part 1)

Grade

Topics 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Organs, Tissues l l l l l l l l lPhysical Properties of Matter l l l l l l l l lPlants, Fungi l l l l l l l lAnimals l l l l l l l l lClassification of Matter l l l l l l l l lRocks, Soil l l l l l l lLight l l l l l lElectricity l l l l l l lLife Cycles l l l l l l l lPhysical Changes of Matter l l l l l l l lHeat & Temperature l l l l l l l lBodies of Water l l l l l l l lI nterdependence of Lif e l l l l l lHabitats & Niches l l l l l lBiomes & Ecosystems l l l l l l lReproduction l l l lTime, Space, Motion l l l l l l lTypes of Forces l l l l l l lWeather & Climate l l l l l lPlanets in the Solar System l l l l l l l lMagnetism l l l l l l



Grade

Topics 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Earth's Composition l l l lOrganism Energy Handling l l l l l lLand, Water, Sea Resource Conservation l l l l l lEarth in the Solar System l l l lAtoms, I ons, Molecules l l l l lChemical Properties of Matter l l l l lChemical Changes of Matter l l l l lPhysical Cycles l l lLand Forms l l l l lMaterial & Energy Resource Conservation l l l l lExplanations of Physical Changes l l l l lPollution l l l l lAtmosphere l l lSound & Vibration l l l l lCells l l l l lHuman Nutrition l l l lBuilding & Breaking l l l lEnergy Types, Sources, Conversions l l l lDynamics of Motion l l l lOrganism Sensing & Responding l l l lBeyond the solar system l l l l



Grade

Topics 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Variation and inheritance l l lEvolution, speciation, diversity l l lMacromolecules, crystals, amorphous l l lSubatomic particles l l lExplanations of chemical changes l l lMathematics, techn'y influ on science lScience applications in math, techn'y lElectrochemistry l lOther organisms l lRate of change & equilibria l lEnergy & chemical change l lOrganic & biochemical changes l lWave phenomena l lDisease and health lWorld population lNuclear chemistry l lBiochemical processes in cells lBiochemistry of genetics lHistory of science & technology lEvolution of the universe lQuantum theory & fund' l particles l


Science Topics Intended by 22 U.S. States for Grades 1-8California ColoradoTopics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8Organs, tissues t t Organs, tissues t t t t t t t tPhysical properties of matter t Physical properties of matter t t t t t t t tPlant, fungi types t Plant, fungi types t t t t t t t tAnimal types t Animal types t t t t t t t tClassification of matter t Classification of matter t t t t t t t tRocks, soil t t t Rocks, soil t t t t t t t tLight t t Light t t t tElectricity t t Electricity t t t t t t t tLife cycles of organisms t t Life cycles of organisms t t t t t t t tDescribe physical changes of matter t Describe physical changes of matter t t t t t t t tHeat & temperature t Heat & temperature t t t t t t t tBodies of water t t Bodies of water t t t t t t t tInterdependence of living things t t t Interdependence of living things t t t t t t t tHabitats & niches Habitats & niches t t t tBiomes, ecosystems t t t Biomes, ecosystems t t t t t t t tReproduction of organisms t t Reproduction of organisms t t t tTime, space, motion t t Time, space, motion t t t tTypes of forces t t Types of forces

Weather & climate t t Weather & climate t t t t t t t tPlanets other than earth t t Planets other than earth t t t t t t t tMagnetism t Magnetism

Composition Composition t t t t t t t tOrganism energy handling t t Organism energy handling t t t t t t t tLand, water, sea resource conservation t t

Land, water, sea resource conservation t t t t t t t t

Earth in the solar system t t Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t tAtoms, molecules, ions t t Atoms, molecules, ions t t t tChemical properties of matter t t t Chemical properties of matter t t t tDescribe chemical changes of matter t

Describe chemical changes of matter

Physical cycles t t t t t Physical cycles t t t tLand forms Land forms t t t tMaterial & energy resource conservation t t

Material & energy resource conservation t t t t t t t t

Explain physical changes of matter t t Explain physical changes of matter t t t t t t t tPollution t Pollution

Atmosphere Atmosphere t t t t t t t tSound & vibration t Sound & vibration t t t tCells t t Cells t t t t t t t tHuman nutrition Human nutrition t t t t t t t tBuilding, breaking t t t Building, breaking t t t t t t t tEnergy types, sources, conversions t t Energy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t tDynamics of motion t Dynamics of motion

Organism sensing, responding Organism sensing, responding t t t tEvolution, speciation, diversity t t Evolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t tTotal ADDITIONAL Topics 1 4 4 8 3 3 3 6 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 10 10 10 10 13 13 13 13

Delaware Florida GeorgiaTopics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8Organs, tissues t t t t t Organs, tissues t t t t t t t t Organs, tissues t t tPhysical properties of matter t t t t t t t t Physical properties of matter t t t t t t t t Physical properties of matter t t tPlant, fungi types t t t t t t t t Plant, fungi types t t t t t t t t Plant, fungi types t tAnimal types t t t t t Animal types t t t t t t t t Animal types t t tClassification of matter t t t t t t t t Classification of matter t t t t t t t t Classification of matter t t tRocks, soil t t t t t t t t Rocks, soil t t t t t t Rocks, soil t tLight t t t t t t t t Light t t t t t Light t tElectricity t t t t t t t t Electricity t t t t t t Electricity t tLife cycles of organisms t t t t t t t t Life cycles of organisms t t t t t t t t Life cycles of organisms t tDescribe physical changes of matter t t t t t Describe physical changes of matter t t t t t t t t Describe physical changes of matter t tHeat & temperature t t t t t t t t Heat & temperature t t t t t t t t Heat & temperature t tBodies of water t t t t t t t t Bodies of water t t t Bodies of water t tInterdependence of living things t t t t t t t t Interdependence of living things t t t t t t t t Interdependence of living things t t tHabitats & niches t t t t t t t t Habitats & niches t t t t t t t t Habitats & niches t t tBiomes, ecosystems t t t t t t Biomes, ecosystems t t t t t t t t Biomes, ecosystems t t tReproduction of organisms t t t t t t t t Reproduction of organisms t t t Reproduction of organisms t t tTime, space, motion t t t t t t t t Time, space, motion t t t t t t t t Time, space, motion t tTypes of forces t t t t t t t t Types of forces t t t t t t t t Types of forces t t tWeather & climate t t t t t t t t Weather & climate t t t t t t t t Weather & climate t t tPlanets other than earth t t t t t t t t Planets other than earth t t t t t t t t Planets other than earth t t tMagnetism t t t t t t t t Magnetism t t t t t t Magnetism t t tComposition t t t t t Composition t t Composition t tOrganism energy handling t t t Organism energy handling t t t t t t t t Organism energy handling t t t tLand, water, sea resource conservation t t t t t

Land, water, sea resource conservation t t t t t t

Land, water, sea resource conservation t

Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t t Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t t Earth in the solar system t t tAtoms, molecules, ions t t t t t Atoms, molecules, ions t t t t t t Atoms, molecules, ions t t t tChemical properties of matter t t t t t t Chemical properties of matter t t t Chemical properties of matter t t tDescribe chemical changes of matter t t t t t

Describe chemical changes of matter t t t

Describe chemical changes of matter t

Physical cycles t t t t t Physical cycles t t t t t t Physical cycles t t t tLand forms t t Land forms Land forms tMaterial & energy resource conservation t t t t t t t t

Material & energy resource conservation t t t t t t

Material & energy resource conservation t t t

Explain physical changes of matter t t t t t Explain physical changes of matter t t t t t Explain physical changes of matter tPollution t t t t t Pollution t t t t t t Pollution t t t tAtmosphere t t t t t t t t Atmosphere Atmosphere tSound & vibration t t t Sound & vibration t t t t t Sound & vibration t t tCells t t t t t Cells t t t t t t Cells t tHuman nutrition t t t t t t Human nutrition t t t t t Human nutrition tBuilding, breaking t t t t t t t t Building, breaking t t t t t t Building, breaking t tEnergy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t t Energy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t t Energy types, sources, conversions t t t tDynamics of motion t t t t t t t t Dynamics of motion t t t t t t t t Dynamics of motion t tOrganism sensing, responding t t t t t t t t Organism sensing, responding t t t t t Organism sensing, responding t tEvolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t t Evolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t Evolution, speciation, diversity t t tTotal ADDITIONAL Topics 10 10 10 17 17 19 19 19 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 9 9 13 13 13 17 17 17 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 1 1 3 3 7 8 6 7

Illinois IndianaTopics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8Organs, tissues t t t t t t Organs, tissues t t t t t t t t

Physical properties of matter t t t t t t Physical properties of matter t t t t t t t t

Plant, fungi types t t t t t t Plant, fungi types t t t t t t t t

Animal types t t t t t t Animal types t t t t t t t t

Classification of matter t t t Classification of matter t t t t t t

Rocks, soil t t t t t t Rocks, soil t t t t t t t t

Light t t Light t t t t t

Electricity t t Electricity t t t t t t t t

Life cycles of organisms t t Life cycles of organisms t t t t t t

Describe physical changes of matter t t Describe physical changes of matter t t t t t t t t

Heat & temperature t t Heat & temperature t t t t t t t t

Bodies of water t t t t t t Bodies of water t t t

Interdependence of living things t t t t t t t t Interdependence of living things t t t t t t t t

Habitats & niches t t t t t t t t Habitats & niches t t t

Biomes, ecosystems t t t t t t t t Biomes, ecosystems t t t

Reproduction of organisms t t t t t Reproduction of organisms t t t t t t t t

Time, space, motion t t t t t Time, space, motion t t t t t

Types of forces t t t t t t t t Types of forces t t t t t t t t

Weather & climate t t t t t t t t Weather & climate t t t t t t t t

Planets other than earth t t t t t Planets other than earth t t t t t t t t

Magnetism t t Magnetism t t t t t t t t

Composition t t t t t t Composition t t t

Organism energy handling Organism energy handling t t t t t t t t

Land, water, sea resource conservation t t t Land, water, sea resource conservation t t t

Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t t Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t t

Atoms, molecules, ions t t t Atoms, molecules, ions t t t t t t

Chemical properties of matter t t t Chemical properties of matter t t t t t t

Describe chemical changes of matter Describe chemical changes of matter t t t t t t

Physical cycles t t t t t Physical cycles t t t

Land forms t t t t t t Land forms t t t t t t

Material & energy resource conservation t t t t t t t t Material & energy resource conservation t t t t t t

Explain physical changes of matter t t Explain physical changes of matter t t t t t t t t

Pollution Pollution t t t

Atmosphere t t t t t t Atmosphere t t t

Sound & vibration t t Sound & vibration t t t t t t t t

Cells t t t t t t Cells t t t t t t t t

Human nutrition Human nutrition t t t t t t t t

Building, breaking t t t t t t t t Building, breaking t t t

Energy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t t Energy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t t

Dynamics of motion t t t t t t Dynamics of motion t t t t t t t t

Organism sensing, responding Organism sensing, responding t t t t t t t t

Evolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t t Evolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t tTotal ADDITIONAL Topics 6 6 6 6 6 9 9 9 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 17 17 18 18 18 27 27 27

Kentucky Massachusetts MarylandTopics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8Organs, tissues t t t t t t t t Organs, tissues t t t t Organs, tissues t t t t t tPhysical properties of matter t t t t t t t t Physical properties of matter t t t t t t t t Physical properties of matter t t t t t t t tPlant, fungi types t t t t t t t t Plant, fungi types t t t t t t t t Plant, fungi types t t t t t t t tAnimal types t t t t t t t t Animal types t t t t t t t t Animal types t t t t t t t tClassification of matter t t t t t t t t Classification of matter t t t t Classification of matter t t tRocks, soil t t t t t t t t Rocks, soil t t t t t t t t Rocks, soil t t t t t t t tLight t t t t t t t t Light t t t t t t t t Light t t t t tElectricity t t t t t t t t Electricity t t t t Electricity t t t t tLife cycles of organisms t t t t t t t t Life cycles of organisms t t t t t t t t Life cycles of organisms t t t t tDescribe physical changes of matter Describe physical changes of matter t t t t t t t t Describe physical changes of matter t t t t tHeat & temperature t t t t t t t t Heat & temperature t t t t Heat & temperature t t t t tBodies of water t t t t t t t t Bodies of water t t t t Bodies of water t t t t t t t tInterdependence of living things t t t t t t t t Interdependence of living things t t t t t t t t Interdependence of living things t t t t t t t tHabitats & niches t t t t t Habitats & niches t t t t t t t t Habitats & niches t t t t t t t tBiomes, ecosystems t t t t t t t t Biomes, ecosystems Biomes, ecosystems t t t t t t t tReproduction of organisms t t t Reproduction of organisms t t t t t t t t Reproduction of organisms t t t t tTime, space, motion t t t t t t t t Time, space, motion t t t t t t t t Time, space, motion t t t t t t t tTypes of forces t t t t t Types of forces t t t t t t t t Types of forces t t t t t t t tWeather & climate t t t t t t t t Weather & climate t t t t Weather & climate t t t t t t t tPlanets other than earth t t t t t t t t Planets other than earth t t t t t t t t Planets other than earth t t t t t t t tMagnetism t t t t t Magnetism t t t t Magnetism t t t t tComposition t t t Composition t t t t t t t t Composition t t t t t t t tOrganism energy handling t t t t t t t t Organism energy handling t t t t t t t t Organism energy handling t t t t t t t tLand, water, sea resource conservation

Land, water, sea resource conservation

Land, water, sea resource conservation t t t t t

Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t t Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t t Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t tAtoms, molecules, ions Atoms, molecules, ions t t t t Atoms, molecules, ions t t tChemical properties of matter t t t Chemical properties of matter t t t t Chemical properties of matter t t t t t t t tDescribe chemical changes of matter


Describe chemical changes of matter t t t t t

Physical cycles t t t t t t t t Physical cycles t t t t t t t t Physical cycles t t t t t t t tLand forms t t t Land forms t t t t Land forms t t t t t t t tMaterial & energy resource conservation



Explain physical changes of matter Explain physical changes of matter Explain physical changes of matter Pollution Pollution t t t t Pollution t t t t tAtmosphere t t t t t t t t Atmosphere Atmosphere t t t t t t t tSound & vibration t t t t t Sound & vibration t t t t t t t t Sound & vibration t t t t tCells t t t t t t t t Cells t t t t t t t t Cells t t t t t tHuman nutrition t t t t t Human nutrition Human nutrition t t tBuilding, breaking Building, breaking t t t t Building, breaking t t t t t t t tEnergy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t t Energy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t t Energy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t tDynamics of motion t t t Dynamics of motion t t t t t t t t Dynamics of motion t t t t tOrganism sensing, responding t t t t t t t t Organism sensing, responding Organism sensing, responding t t tEvolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t t Evolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t t Evolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t tTotal ADDITIONAL Topics 4 4 4 4 4 13 13 13 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 9 9 9 9 11 11 11 11 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 10 10 10 17 17 17 17 17

A+Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8Organs, tissues j j j j j jPhysical properties of matter j j j j j jPlants, fungi j j j j j fAnimal types j j j j f jClassification of matter f f f f j jRocks, soil f f f f j jLight f j jElectricity f f j jLife cycles j j j j jPhysical changes of matter j j j j jHeat & temperature j j j j jBodies of water f f f j jInterdependence of life f j f fHabitats & niches f f f fBiomes & ecosystems f j f fReproduction f fTime, space, motion j j j jTypes of forces f f j jWeather & climate f f j jPlanets in the solar system f f f fMagnetism j j jEarth's Composition f j jOrganism energy handling f f jLand, water, sea resource conservation f f jEarth in the solar system f f fAtoms, ions, molecules j jChemical properties of matter j jChemical changes of matter j jPhysical cycles f jLand forms f jMaterial & energy resource conservation f jExplanations of physical changes f fPollution f jAtmosphere f fSound & vibration f fCells f fHuman nutrition f fBuilding & breaking jEnergy types, sources, conversions jDynamics of motion fOrganism sensing & responding fEvolution, speciation, diversity d

Michigan North CarolinaTopics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8Organs, tissues t t t t t t t t Organs, tissues t t t t t t t tPhysical properties of matter t t t t t t t t Physical properties of matter t t t t t t t tPlant, fungi types t t t t t t t t Plant, fungi types t t t t t t t tAnimal types t t t t t t t t Animal types t t t t t t t tClassification of matter t t t t t t t t Classification of matter t t t t t t t tRocks, soil t t t t t t t t Rocks, soil t t t t t t t tLight t t t t t t t t Light tElectricity t t t t t t t t Electricity tLife cycles of organisms t t t t t t t t Life cycles of organisms t t t t t tDescribe physical changes of matter t t t t t t t t Describe physical changes of matter

Heat & temperature t t t t t t t t Heat & temperature t tBodies of water t t t t t t t t Bodies of water

Interdependence of living things t t t t t t t t Interdependence of living things t t t t t tHabitats & niches t t t t t t t t Habitats & niches

Biomes, ecosystems t t t t t t t t Biomes, ecosystems t t t t t t t tReproduction of organisms t t t t t t t t Reproduction of organisms

Time, space, motion t t t t t t t t Time, space, motion t t t t t t t tTypes of forces t t t t t t t t Types of forces t t t t t t t tWeather & climate t t t t t t t t Weather & climate t t tPlanets other than earth t t t t t t t t Planets other than earth t t t t t t t tMagnetism t t t t t t t t Magnetism tComposition t t t t t t t t Composition

Organism energy handling t t t t t t t t Organism energy handling t tLand, water, sea resource conservation t t t t t t t t


Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t t Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t tAtoms, molecules, ions t t t t t t t t Atoms, molecules, ions t t t t t t t tChemical properties of matter t t t t t t t t Chemical properties of matter t t t t t t t tDescribe chemical changes of matter t t t t t t t t


Physical cycles t t t t t t t t Physical cycles t t t t t t t tLand forms t t t t t t t t Land forms t t t t t t t tMaterial & energy resource conservation t t t t t t t t


Explain physical changes of matter t t t t t t t t Explain physical changes of matter

Pollution t t t t t t t t Pollution t t t t t t t tAtmosphere t t t t t t t t Atmosphere t t t t t t t tSound & vibration t t t t t t t t Sound & vibration tCells t t t t t t t t Cells t t t t t t t tHuman nutrition t t t t t t t t Human nutrition t t t t t t t tBuilding, breaking t t t t t t t t Building, breaking

Energy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t t Energy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t tDynamics of motion t t t t t t t t Dynamics of motion t tOrganism sensing, responding t t t t Organism sensing, responding tEvolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t t Evolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t tTotal ADDITIONAL Topics 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 14 13 13 14 13 14 16 13

New Hampshire New Jersey New YorkTopics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8Organs, tissues t t t t t t Organs, tissues t t t t t t t t Organs, tissues t t t t t t t tPhysical properties of matter t t t t t t t t Physical properties of matter t t t t t t t t Physical properties of matter t t t t t t t tPlant, fungi types t t t t t t t t Plant, fungi types t t t t Plant, fungi types t t t t t t t tAnimal types t t t t t t t t Animal types t t t t t t t t Animal types t t t t t t t tClassification of matter t t t t t t t t Classification of matter t t t t t t t t Classification of matter t t t t t t t tRocks, soil t t t t t t t t Rocks, soil t t t t t t t t Rocks, soil

Light t t t t t t t t Light t t t t t t t t Light t t tElectricity t t t t t t t t Electricity t t t t Electricity t t t t t t t tLife cycles of organisms t t t t t t t t Life cycles of organisms t t t t Life cycles of organisms t t t t t t t tDescribe physical changes of matter t t t t t t t t Describe physical changes of matter Describe physical changes of matter t t tHeat & temperature t t t t t t t t Heat & temperature t t t t t t t t Heat & temperature t t t t t t t tBodies of water t t t t t t t t Bodies of water t t t t t t t t Bodies of water t t t t t t t tInterdependence of living things Interdependence of living things t t t t Interdependence of living things t t t t t t t tHabitats & niches t t t t t t t t Habitats & niches t t t t Habitats & niches

Biomes, ecosystems t t t t t t t t Biomes, ecosystems t t t t Biomes, ecosystems

Reproduction of organisms Reproduction of organisms Reproduction of organisms t t tTime, space, motion t t t t t t t t Time, space, motion t t t t Time, space, motion t t t t t t t tTypes of forces t t t t t t t t Types of forces t t t t t t t t Types of forces t t t t t t t tWeather & climate t t t t t t t t Weather & climate t t t t t t t t Weather & climate t t t t t t t tPlanets other than earth t t Planets other than earth t t t t Planets other than earth t t t t t t t tMagnetism t t t t t t t t Magnetism t t t t Magnetism t t tComposition t t t t t t t t Composition t t t t t t t t Composition t t t t t t t tOrganism energy handling t t t t t t t t Organism energy handling Organism energy handling t t t t t t t tLand, water, sea resource conservation t t t t t t t t

Land, water, sea resource conservation


Earth in the solar system t t Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t t Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t tAtoms, molecules, ions t t t t t t t t Atoms, molecules, ions t t t t Atoms, molecules, ions t t t t tChemical properties of matter t t t t t t t t Chemical properties of matter t t t t t t t t Chemical properties of matter t t t t t t t tDescribe chemical changes of matter t t t t t t t t

Describe chemical changes of matter t t t t

Describe chemical changes of matter t t t t t t t t

Physical cycles t t t t t t t t Physical cycles Physical cycles t t t t t t t tLand forms t t t t t t t t Land forms t t t t t t t t Land forms t t t t t t t tMaterial & energy resource conservation t t t t t t t t

Material & energy resource conservation


Explain physical changes of matter Explain physical changes of matter Explain physical changes of matter

Pollution t t t t t t t t Pollution Pollution t t t t t t t tAtmosphere t t t t t t t t Atmosphere t t t t t t t t Atmosphere t t t t t t t tSound & vibration t t t t t t t t Sound & vibration t t t t t t t t Sound & vibration t t tCells t t t t t t t t Cells t t t t t t t t Cells

Human nutrition Human nutrition Human nutrition t t t t t t t tBuilding, breaking t t t t t t t t Building, breaking t t t t Building, breaking t t t t t t t tEnergy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t t Energy types, sources, conversions t t t t Energy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t tDynamics of motion t t Dynamics of motion t t t t Dynamics of motion t t t t t t t tOrganism sensing, responding Organism sensing, responding Organism sensing, responding t t t t tEvolution, speciation, diversity Evolution, speciation, diversity t t t t Evolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t tTotal ADDITIONAL Topics 10 10 10 10 10 10 13 13 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 5 5 5 5 11 11 11 11 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12

Ohio Oregon South CarolinaTopics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8Organs, tissues t t t Organs, tissues t t t t t t t t Organs, tissues t t t tPhysical properties of matter t t Physical properties of matter t t t t t t t t Physical properties of matter t t t t t t t tPlant, fungi types t t Plant, fungi types t t t t t t t t Plant, fungi types t t t t t t t tAnimal types t t Animal types t t t t t t t t Animal types t t t t t t t tClassification of matter Classification of matter t t t t t t t t Classification of matter t t t t t t t tRocks, soil t t Rocks, soil t t t t t Rocks, soil t t t t t t t tLight t Light t t t t t Light t t t t t t tElectricity t t Electricity t t t t t t t t Electricity t t t tLife cycles of organisms t t Life cycles of organisms t t Life cycles of organisms t t t t t t tDescribe physical changes of matter t t Describe physical changes of matter t t t t t t t t Describe physical changes of matter t t t t t t t tHeat & temperature Heat & temperature t t t t t Heat & temperature t t t t t t t tBodies of water t Bodies of water t t t t t Bodies of water t t t t t tInterdependence of living things t t t Interdependence of living things t t t t t t t t Interdependence of living things t t t t t t tHabitats & niches t Habitats & niches t t t t t t t t Habitats & niches t t t t t t t tBiomes, ecosystems t t Biomes, ecosystems t t t t t t t t Biomes, ecosystems t t t tReproduction of organisms Reproduction of organisms t t t Reproduction of organisms

Time, space, motion t t t t t t Time, space, motion t t t t t t t t Time, space, motion t t t t t tTypes of forces Types of forces t t t t t t t t Types of forces t t t t t t t tWeather & climate t t Weather & climate t t t t t t t t Weather & climate t t t t t t t tPlanets other than earth t t Planets other than earth t t t t t t t t Planets other than earth t t t t t t t tMagnetism t t Magnetism t t t t t t t t Magnetism t t tComposition Composition t t t t t t t t Composition t t t tOrganism energy handling Organism energy handling t t t t t Organism energy handling t t t t t t t tLand, water, sea resource conservation t t t



Earth in the solar system t t Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t t Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t tAtoms, molecules, ions Atoms, molecules, ions t t t Atoms, molecules, ions t t tChemical properties of matter Chemical properties of matter t t t t t Chemical properties of matter t tDescribe chemical changes of matter t

Describe chemical changes of matter t t t t t t t t

Describe chemical changes of matter t t t t t t t

Physical cycles t t Physical cycles t t t t t t t t Physical cycles t t t t t t tLand forms Land forms t t t t t t t t Land forms t t t t t tMaterial & energy resource conservation t t t

Material & energy resource conservation t t t


Explain physical changes of matter Explain physical changes of matter Explain physical changes of matter tPollution t t t t Pollution t t t t t t t t Pollution t t t t t t tAtmosphere t Atmosphere t t t t t t t t Atmosphere t t t t t t tSound & vibration Sound & vibration t t Sound & vibration t t t t t t tCells t t Cells Cells

Human nutrition t t t Human nutrition Human nutrition tBuilding, breaking t Building, breaking t t t Building, breaking t t t t tEnergy types, sources, conversions t t Energy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t t Energy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t tDynamics of motion t t t t Dynamics of motion t t t t t Dynamics of motion t tOrganism sensing, responding t t Organism sensing, responding t t t t t Organism sensing, responding t t t t t tEvolution, speciation, diversity t t t Evolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t t Evolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t tTotal ADDITIONAL Topics 3 4 7 7 4 5 7 7 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 10 10 10 13 13 14 14 14 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 7 7 5 7 11 11 12 17

Vermont Washington WisconsinTopics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8Organs, tissues t t t t Organs, tissues t t t t t t t t Organs, tissues t t t tPhysical properties of matter t t t t t t t t Physical properties of matter t t t t t Physical properties of matter t t t t t t t tPlant, fungi types t t t t t t t t Plant, fungi types t t t t t t t t Plant, fungi types t t t tAnimal types t t t t t t t t Animal types t t t t t Animal types

Classification of matter t t t t t t t t Classification of matter Classification of matter t t t tRocks, soil t t t t t t t t Rocks, soil t t t t t t t t Rocks, soil t t t t t t t tLight t t t t Light Light t t t t t t t tElectricity t t t t t t t t Electricity Electricity t t t tLife cycles of organisms t t t t Life cycles of organisms t t t t t Life cycles of organisms t t t t t t t tDescribe physical changes of matter t t t t Describe physical changes of matter t t t Describe physical changes of matter t t t tHeat & temperature t t t t t t t t Heat & temperature t t t t t Heat & temperature t t t t t t t tBodies of water t t t t t t t t Bodies of water t t t t t t t t Bodies of water t t t t t t t tInterdependence of living things t t t t t t t t Interdependence of living things t t t t t Interdependence of living things t t t tHabitats & niches t t t t t t t t Habitats & niches Habitats & niches t t t tBiomes, ecosystems t t t t Biomes, ecosystems Biomes, ecosystems t t t t t t t tReproduction of organisms t t t t t t t t Reproduction of organisms Reproduction of organisms t t t t t t t tTime, space, motion t t t t t t t t Time, space, motion t t t t t t t t Time, space, motion t t t tTypes of forces Types of forces t t t t t Types of forces t t t t t t t tWeather & climate t t t t t t t t Weather & climate t t t t t Weather & climate t t t t t t t tPlanets other than earth t t t t t t t t Planets other than earth t t t t t Planets other than earth t t t tMagnetism t t t t Magnetism Magnetism t t t tComposition t t t t t t t t Composition t t t Composition t t t t t t t tOrganism energy handling t t t t t t t t Organism energy handling t t t t t t t t Organism energy handling t t t tLand, water, sea resource conservation t t t t t t t t

Land, water, sea resource conservation t t t t t


Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t t Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t t Earth in the solar system t t t tAtoms, molecules, ions Atoms, molecules, ions t t t Atoms, molecules, ions t t t tChemical properties of matter t t t t t t t t Chemical properties of matter Chemical properties of matter t t t t t t t tDescribe chemical changes of matter t t t t

Describe chemical changes of matter t t t

Describe chemical changes of matter t t t t

Physical cycles Physical cycles Physical cycles t t t t t t t tLand forms t t t t t t t t Land forms t t t t t t t t Land forms t t t t t t t tMaterial & energy resource conservation t t t t t t t t



Explain physical changes of matter t t t t Explain physical changes of matter t t t Explain physical changes of matter

Pollution t t t t t t t t Pollution t t t t t t t t Pollution t t t tAtmosphere Atmosphere t t t t t t t t Atmosphere t t t tSound & vibration t t t t Sound & vibration t t t Sound & vibration t t t t t t t tCells t t t t Cells t t t t t t t t Cells t t t tHuman nutrition t t t t t t t t Human nutrition Human nutrition

Building, breaking Building, breaking t t t t t Building, breaking t t t tEnergy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t t Energy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t t Energy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t tDynamics of motion Dynamics of motion t t t Dynamics of motion t t t tOrganism sensing, responding t t t t t t t t Organism sensing, responding t t t Organism sensing, responding t t t tEvolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t t Evolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t t Evolution, speciation, diversity Total ADDITIONAL Topics 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 15 15 15 15 15 21 21 21 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 6 6 6 6 9 9 9 9


Science Topics Intended by 2 U.S. States for Grades 1-8Michigan North CarolinaTopics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8Organs, tissues t t t t t t t t Organs, tissues t t t t t t t tPhysical properties of matter t t t t t t t t Physical properties of matter t t t t t t t tPlant, fungi types t t t t t t t t Plant, fungi types t t t t t t t tAnimal types t t t t t t t t Animal types t t t t t t t tClassification of matter t t t t t t t t Classification of matter t t t t t t t tRocks, soil t t t t t t t t Rocks, soil t t t t t t t tLight t t t t t t t t Light tElectricity t t t t t t t t Electricity tLife cycles of organisms t t t t t t t t Life cycles of organisms t t t t t tDescribe physical changes of matter t t t t t t t tHeat & temperature t t t t t t t t Heat & temperature t tBodies of water t t t t t t t t Bodies of water

Interdependence of living things t t t t t t t t t t t t t tHabitats & niches t t t t t t t t Habitats & niches

Biomes, ecosystems t t t t t t t t Biomes, ecosystems t t t t t t t tReproduction of organisms t t t t t t t tTime, space, motion t t t t t t t t Time, space, motion t t t t t t t tTypes of forces t t t t t t t t Types of forces t t t t t t t tWeather & climate t t t t t t t t Weather & climate t t tPlanets other than earth t t t t t t t t Planets other than earth t t t t t t t tMagnetism t t t t t t t t Magnetism tComposition t t t t t t t t Composition

Organism energy handling t t t t t t t t t tLand, water, sea resource conservation t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t tEarth in the solar system t t t t t t t t Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t tAtoms, molecules, ions t t t t t t t t Atoms, molecules, ions t t t t t t t tChemical properties of matter t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t tDescribe chemical changes of matter t t t t t t t tPhysical cycles t t t t t t t t Physical cycles t t t t t t t tLand forms t t t t t t t t Land forms t t t t t t t tMaterial & energy resource conservation t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t tExplain physical changes of matter t t t t t t t tPollution t t t t t t t t Pollution t t t t t t t tAtmosphere t t t t t t t t Atmosphere t t t t t t t tSound & vibration t t t t t t t t Sound & vibration tCells t t t t t t t t Cells t t t t t t t tHuman nutrition t t t t t t t t Human nutrition t t t t t t t tBuilding, breaking t t t t t t t t Building, breaking

Energy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t tDynamics of motion t t t t t t t t Dynamics of motion t tOrganism sensing, responding t t t t tEvolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t t Evolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t tTotal ADDITIONAL Topics 29 29 29 29 28 28 28 28 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 14 13 13 14 13 14 16 13

Ohio Oregon South CarolinaTopics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 Topics G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8Organs, tissues t t t Organs, tissues t t t t t t t t Organs, tissues t t t tPhysical properties of matter t t Physical properties of matter t t t t t t t t Physical properties of matter t t t t t t t tPlant, fungi types t t Plant, fungi types t t t t t t t t Plant, fungi types t t t t t t t tAnimal types t t Animal types t t t t t t t t Animal types t t t t t t t tClassification of matter Classification of matter t t t t t t t t Classification of matter t t t t t t t tRocks, soil t t Rocks, soil t t t t t Rocks, soil t t t t t t t tLight t Light t t t t t Light t t t t t t tElectricity t t Electricity t t t t t t t t Electricity t t t tLife cycles of organisms t t Life cycles of organisms t t Life cycles of organisms t t t t t t tDescribe physical changes of matter t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t tHeat & temperature Heat & temperature t t t t t Heat & temperature t t t t t t t tBodies of water t Bodies of water t t t t t Bodies of water t t t t t tInterdependence of living things t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t tHabitats & niches t Habitats & niches t t t t t t t t Habitats & niches t t t t t t t tBiomes, ecosystems t t Biomes, ecosystems t t t t t t t t Biomes, ecosystems t t t tReproduction of organisms t t tTime, space, motion t t t t t t Time, space, motion t t t t t t t t Time, space, motion t t t t t tTypes of forces Types of forces t t t t t t t t Types of forces t t t t t t t tWeather & climate t t Weather & climate t t t t t t t t Weather & climate t t t t t t t tPlanets other than earth t t Planets other than earth t t t t t t t t Planets other than earth t t t t t t t tMagnetism t t Magnetism t t t t t t t t Magnetism t t tComposition Composition t t t t t t t t Composition t t t tOrganism energy handling t t t t t t t t t t t t tLand, water, sea resource conservation t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t tEarth in the solar system t t Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t t Earth in the solar system t t t t t t t tAtoms, molecules, ions Atoms, molecules, ions t t t Atoms, molecules, ions t t tChemical properties of matter t t t t t t tDescribe chemical changes of matter t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t tPhysical cycles t t Physical cycles t t t t t t t t Physical cycles t t t t t t tLand forms Land forms t t t t t t t t Land forms t t t t t tMaterial & energy resource conservation t t t t t t t t t t t t t tExplain physical changes of matter tPollution t t t t Pollution t t t t t t t t Pollution t t t t t t tAtmosphere t Atmosphere t t t t t t t t Atmosphere t t t t t t tSound & vibration Sound & vibration t t Sound & vibration t t t t t t tCells t t Cells Cells

Human nutrition t t t Human nutrition Human nutrition tBuilding, breaking t Building, breaking t t t Building, breaking t t t t tEnergy types, sources, conversions t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t tDynamics of motion t t t t Dynamics of motion t t t t t Dynamics of motion t tOrganism sensing, responding t t t t t t t t t t t t tEvolution, speciation, diversity t t t Evolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t t Evolution, speciation, diversity t t t t t t t tTotal ADDITIONAL Topics 3 4 7 7 4 5 7 7 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 10 10 10 13 13 14 14 14 Total ADDITIONAL Topics 7 7 5 7 11 11 12 17

Michigan Ohio


Science Topics Intended by One U.S. State at Each GradeTopic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Organs, tissues l l l l l l l l l lPhysical properties of matter l l l l l l l l l l l lPlants, f ungi l l l l lAnimal types l l l l lClassification of matter l l l l l l l l l l lRocks, soil l l l l lLight l l l l lElectricity l l l l l l l l lLif e cycles l l l l Physical changes of matter l l lHeat & temperature l l l l l l l l l lBodies of water lI nterdependence of lif e l l l l l l l l l l l lHabitats & niches l l l lBiomes & ecosystems l l l l l l l l l l lReproduction l l l l lTime, space, motion l l l l l l l l lTypes of f orces l l l l l l lWeather & climate l l l l l l l l l l lPlanets in the solar system l l l l lMagnetism l l l l l l lEarth's Composition l lOrganism energy handling l l l lLand, water, sea resource conservation l l l lEarth in the solar system l l l l l l l l l l lAtoms, ions, molecules l l l l lChemical properties of matter l l l l l l l lChemical changes of matter l l l l l lPhysical cycles l l l l l lLand forms lMaterial & energy resource conservation l l l l lExplanations of physical changes lPollution lAtmosphere l l l l lSound & vibration l l l lCells l l l l l l lHuman nutrition Building & breaking l l l l l l lEnergy types, sources, conversions l l l l l l l lDynamics of motion l l l l l l l l l l l lOrganism sensing & responding l l l l l l

Grades

l State Assessment Content Standard

Supporting Content StatementMore than Half of Top Achieving Countries


Science Topics Intended by On U.S. State at Each Grade (continued)

l State Assessment Content Standard

Supporting Content StatementMore than Half of Top Achieving Countries

Topic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Beyond the solar system l l l lEvolution, speciation, diversity l l l l l l l l l l l lVariation and inheritance l l l l l l l lExplanations of chemical changes l l l lSubatomic particles Macromolecules, crystals, amorphous

Other organisms l l l lElectrochemistry

Science applications in math, techn'y l l l l lMathematics, techn'y influ on science

Wave phenomena l l l l lRate of change & equilibria l l l lEnergy & chemical change l l l lOrganic & biochemical changes

Disease and health l l l lWorld population l l l lNuclear chemistry Biochemical processes in cells l l l lBiochemistry of genetics l l l l lHistory of science & technology

Evolution of the universe l l l lQuantum theory & fund' l particles

Animal behavior l l l l l l lEarth's history l l l l l lKinetic-molecular theory

Grades


Percent of students taking each type of science course in 7th and 8th grade in the U.S. (TIMSS 1995)

Seventh Grade

Eighth Grade

General 29.6 (5.2) 28.4 (3.0)Physical 4.0 (2.0) 29.2 (4.8)Life 56.7 (5.3) 7.7 (2.7)Earth 9.7 (3.7) 34.7 (4.2)


LSAY High School Science Course Enrollment

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Scienc

e

Gener

al S

cien

ce

Earth

Scien

ce

Env. S

ci./E

cology

Life

Scien

ce

Phys

ical S

cien

ce

Biology

1

Biology

1: H

onor

s

Biology

2: A

dv.

Mar

ine Sc

ienc

e

Chemist

ry1

Chemist

ry1:

Hon

or

Chemist

ry2:

Adv

Phys

ics1

Phys

ics1

: Hon

ors

Phys

ics2

: Adv

Phys

ics/Che

mist

ry

No co

urse

take

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9th

10th

11th

12th


Number of Science Courses Offered in 7 Districts


Number of Course Patterns for Meeting High School Science Requirement in 7 Districts


Physics II

Earth Science 1

Earth Science 2

Biology 1 Biology 2

Physical Science 1

Physical Science 2

Gen. Life Sci. 1

Gen. Life Sci. 2

Anatomy/Physio. 1

Anatomy/Physio. 2

AP Biology 2

Chemistry 1

Chemistry 2

CP Biology 1 CP Biology 2AP Chemistry 1 AP Chemistry

2

Physics 1

CP Chemistry 1 CP Chemistry 2

Master Research

Master Program

Gen. Sci. 1 Gen. Sci. 2Gen. Sci. 3 Gen. Sci. 4

AP Biology 1

Diagram of Science Course-Taking Sequences in District F


Average Percent Correct on PROM/SE Science Items Typesby Type of High School Science Courses

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Gener

al S

cien

ce

Earth

Sci

ence

I

Earth

Sci

ence

II

Biolo

gy I

Chemis

try I

Biolo

gy II

AP Envi

ron. S

ci.

Chemis

try II

Physic

s I

Physic

s II

AP Bio

logy

AP Chem

istry

AP Phys

ics

Per

cen

t C

orr

ect

Chemistry Physics Biology Earth Sci.


Average Percent Correct on PROM/SE Science Items Typesby Socio-Economic Status

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

High Mid Low High Mid Low High Mid Low High Mid Low

9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 12

OverallTotalEarthScienceLifeScienceChemistry

Physics

International Grade Placement of Curriculum Content Across Districts

© 2005 MSU PROM/SE Promoting Rigorous Outcomes in Mathematics and Science Education, Supported by NSF Cooperative Agreement EHR-0314866

Grade

Inte

rnati

on

al G

rad

e P

lacem

en

t (

IGP

)

Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 7 Grade 8Nation Average Nation Average Nation Average Nation Average

Korea 68 Korea 74 Korea 68 Korea 72Japan 65 Japan 73 Japan 66 Japan 72PROM/SE 61 PROM/SE 70 Singapore 65 Singapore 71

Australia 59 Czech Republic 68 Slovenia 64 Czech Republic 69Austria 59 Austria 68 Bulgaria 64 Slovenia 69USA 58 Netherlands 67 Czech Republic 63 Bulgaria 68

Netherlands 58 Australia 67 Belgium (Fl) 62 Austria 67Czech Republic 58 USA 67 Hong Kong 61 Slovak Republic 66

England 57 Singapore 66 Austria 60 Hong Kong 65Hong Kong 56 Canada 65 Slovak Republic 60 Netherlands 65Slovenia 56 Hong Kong 65 England 60 Sweden 65Canada 56 Slovenia 64 USA 60 Belgium (Fl) 64

Singapore 56 England 64 Netherlands 59 Germany 64Scotland 54 Hungary 64 Australia 59 Russian Federation 64International Mean 54 Norway 62 Canada 58 England 64New Zealand 54 New Zealand 62 Germany 58 Australia 64Ireland 53 International Mean 62 Thailand 58 Hungary 63Hungary 53 Scotland 61 Hungary 57 USA 63

Latvia 51 Ireland 61 Sweden 57 Thailand 63Norway 50 Iceland 60 PROM/SE 57 Canada 62

Iceland 49 Latvia 58 Russian Federation 56 France 62Greece 48 Israel 58 Ireland 56 Norway 62Thailand 46 Greece 57 Spain 55 Israel 61Portugal 46 Cyprus 54 Switzerland 55 Ireland 61Cyprus 44 Thailand 53 International Mean 55 New Zealand 61Iran 35 Portugal 53 Norway 54 Spain 61

Iran 45 France 54 Switzerland 61Kuwait 44 New Zealand 54 International Mean 60

Scotland 52 PROM/SE 60

Belgium (Fr) 51 Scotland 59Iceland 51 Greece 57

Significantly Higher than the U.S. Romania 50 Iceland 57Not Significantly Different from U.S. Greece 50 Belgium (Fr) 57

Significantly Lower than the U.S. Denmark 49 Portugal 56Portugal 48 Denmark 56Latvia 46 Lithuania 55Cyprus 45 Romania 55Iran 45 Latvia 55Lithuania 44 Cyprus 53Philippines 42 Iran 49Colombia 39 Kuwait 49South Africa 31 Colombia 43

Philippines 43South Africa 32

Average Percent

Correct on 1995 TIMSS Science Items


Nation Average Nation Average Nation Average Nation AverageSweden 73 Sweden 73 Sweden 73 Sweden 73Iceland 71 Iceland 71 Iceland 71 Iceland 71Norway 70 Norway 70 Norway 70 Norway 70Netherlands 69 Netherlands 69 Netherlands 69 Netherlands 69Canada 69 Canada 69 Canada 69 Canada 69Denmark 68 Denmark 68 Denmark 68 Denmark 68Slovenia 67 Slovenia 67 Slovenia 67 Slovenia 67New Zealand 67 New Zealand 67 New Zealand 67 New Zealand 67Austria 67 Austria 67 Austria 67 Austria 67Switzerland 67 Switzerland 67 Switzerland 67 Switzerland 67Australia 67 Australia 67 Australia 67 Australia 67France 66 France 66 France 66 France 66USA - Grade 12 65 USA - Grade 12 65 USA - Grade 12 65 USA - Grade 12 65

Germany 65 Germany 65 Germany 65 Germany 65International Mean 64 International Mean 64 International Mean 64 International Mean 64Russian Federation 64 Russian Federation 64 Russian Federation 64 Russian Federation 64Italy 63 Italy 63 Italy 63 Italy 63Lithuania 63 Lithuania 63 Lithuania 63 Lithuania 63Czech Republic 62 Czech Republic 62 Czech Republic 62 Czech Republic 62Hungary 58 PROM/SE - Grade 10 58 PROM/SE - Grade 11 59 PROM/SE - Grade 12 60

PROM/SE - Grade 9 57 Hungary 58 Hungary 58 Hungary 58

Israel 56 Israel 56 Israel 56 Israel 56Cyprus 54 Cyprus 54 Cyprus 54 Cyprus 54

South Africa 39 South Africa 39 South Africa 39 South Africa 39

Significantly Higher than the U.S. Significantly Higher than the U.S. Significantly Higher than the U.S. Significantly Higher than the U.S.Not Significantly Different from U.S. Not Significantly Different from U.S. Not Significantly Different from U.S. Not Significantly Different from U.S.

Significantly Lower than the U.S. Significantly Lower than the U.S. Significantly Lower than the U.S. Significantly Lower than the U.S.

Average Percent Correct on TIMSS 1995 End-of-Secondary Science Literacy Test

© 2005 MSU PROM/SE Promoting Rigorous Outcomes in Mathematics and Science Education, Supported by NSF Cooperative Agreement EHR-0314866

Science Education in the United States: An International Perspective Oregon Summer Institute August...

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