CHAPTER 4 : MATTER AND SUBSTANCE1. Matter : Anything that has and .

STATES OF MATTERSOLID LIQUID GAS

Arrangement of particles ………………….packed in an

………….. arrangement

………… closely packed, .…………. in an orderly

arrangement ,

……….. far apart , …… in an orderly arrangement ,

Movement of particles …………….and ………… in

a ……………. PositionMove ………….. Move ………….and

…………..

Forces of attraction …………… strong …………….. strong Very ………….

Kinetic energy of particlesDensity

CHANGES IN STATES OF MATTERProcess Change of state FactorMelting Solid Liquid Heating Heat is absorbed

Boiling/ evaporation Liquid Gas Heating Heat is absorbedFreezing Liquid Solid Cooling Heat is released

Condensation Gas Liquid Cooling Heat is releasedSublimation Solid Gas Heating Heat is absorbedSublimation Gas Solid Cooling Heat is released

ExerciseState whether the processes below released or absorbed heat energy?

(a) boiling: ………………………………..

(b) sublimation: ……………………………

(c) condensation: ………………………….

2. State the change in the state of matter that occurs during the following process:

(a) melting : ……………………………………………….

(b) boiling : ………………………………………………..

(c) freezing : ……………………………………………….

Experiment

3. A student carried out an experiment to determine the boiling point of a solution. The table below shows the result of the experiment.

Time / minute 0 2 4 6 8 10Temperature / oC 28 48 68 88 102 102

(a) Based on the table above, draw a graph of temperature against time.

(b) What is the relationship between the temperature of the solution and time in the first 6 minutes?

……………………………………………………………………………………………

(c) Based on the graph in (a), determine the boiling point of the solution. Mark the boiling point of the solution on the graph.

Boiling point = …………………

Aim :To study the changes in the states of matter

Materials : and apparatus : Ice cubes, thermometer, 50 mf beaker, wire gauze, Bunsen burner, tripod stand

Set up the apparatus as shown in the diagram.

Heat the ice cubes slowly.

Record the temperature reading every two minutes until the water boils.