Science and Technology

Science is the process of seeking an understanding of underlying principles of nature. Science involves two facets:

Technological (or factual) and philosophical (or theoretical).Technological (or factual) and philosophical (or theoretical).

Technology is the direct application of knowledge to solve problems.

Science grew out of natural philosophy or the philosophical speculation of nature

Science

Scientific laws are descriptions of natural phenomenon. (Law of Gravity, Law of Conservation of Mass/Matter…)

Many scientific laws can be stated mathematically.

i.e., Boyle’s Law (PV = k)

Science

• A scientific theory is a set of tested hypotheses that explain natural phenomena. Scientific theories are the best current explanation for natural phenomena. Theories are always tentative and may change as observations of nature change.

Science

Scientific models are tangible items or pictures used to represent invisible processes.

Limitations of Science

Science is limited to studying that which is observable, and natural processes in which variables can be controlled.

Science and Technology: Risks and Benefits

Science and technology are interrelated. They involve both risks and benefits.

Risk-benefit analysis involves an estimation called the desirability quotient (DQ).

DQ = Benefit

Risks

What is Chemistry?

Definition:Definition: Chemistry is the study of matter and its Chemistry is the study of matter and its changes from one substance to another.changes from one substance to another.

Chemistry is central to all sciences and overlaps with physics, biology, geology, and astronomy.

Learning about chemistry teaches you about the benefits and risks associated with chemicals and will help you to be an informed citizen and make intelligent choices concerning the world around you.

Chemistry teaches you to solve problems and communicate with others in an organized and logical manner.

Chemistry is called the central science as the next two slides

illustrate.

ChemistryChemistry

Chemical Engineering

Biochemistry

BiologyBiology

Medicine

PhysicsPhysics

AstronomyAstronomy

GeologyGeology

Biophysics

Physical Chemistry

NuclearChemistry

AstrophysicsCosmo chemistry

Geochemistry

Paleontology

CHEMISTRYCHEMISTRY

MATERIALSCIENCE

AGRICULTURECOSMETICS

ANIMAL SCIENCE

ART

ENVIRONMENTALCHEMISTRY

FIRESCIENCE

APPLIEDHEALTH

TECHNOLOGY

MEDICINE

TOXICOLOGY

Major Chemistry subdivisions

Analytical (qualitative and quantitative) Chemistry:

Qualitative Analytical Chemistry: What is a sample of matter composed of?

Quantitative Analytical Chemistry: How much “stuff” is in a sample of matter?

Physical Chemistry:

The study of the physics involved with chemical changes.

Organic Chemistry:

The study of properties and reactions of compounds that contain Carbon

Inorganic Chemistry:

The study of properties and reactions of compounds that are not Carbon based

Biochemistry:

The study of living systems (Biology + Chemistry)

Major Hints in being a successful Chemistry Student

Study Everyday!! A 5 unit class requires at least 10 hours/week of study time to earn a “C”

Don’t fall behind – you will never catch up!!!

Always ask for help when you need it – don’t wait.

Working in groups is very helpful IF you have the right group!!!

Read the chapter and/or online lecture notes before class to familiarize yourself with the material.