.

INDEX

* Vocabulary.

* Reading Comprehension.

* Written Composition.

1.- Definition of Ecosystem.

2.- Types of Ecosystems.

2.1.- Aquatic Ecosystems-

2.2.- Terrestrial Ecosystems.

2.3.- Mixed Ecosystems.

3.-The Elements of an ecosystem

3.1.- Living things in an ecosystem-

3.1.1.- What are species.

3.1.2.- Adaptations of living things.

3.2.- The habitat.

3.3.- Interactions in the ecosystems.

3.3.1.- Food chains and Food webs

4.- Human activity and Ecosystems.

4.1.- Alteration of Ecosystems.

4.2.- Problems caused.

4.3.- Ways of protecting the planet.

THE WORD

ECOSYSTEMIt comes fromECO(home in

Greek)

ECOLOGY is the study of the

relationship between living

things and their environment.

And SYSTE

MA system is made up of parts that

form a whole.

1.-DEFINITION OF ECOSYSTEM

An ecosystem is a community

of living things and non-living

things that interact in the

same place.

*Living things like animals,

plants and microorganisms.

*And non living things

aspects of the environment like

water, light, soil and

temperature.

2.- TYPES OF ECOSYSTEMS

2.1. - AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS

Aquatic ecosystems are found in water. Rivers, lakes, seas and oceans contain aquatic ecosystems. There are two types: Fresh water or salt water ecosystems.

2.2.- TERRESTRIAL

ECOSYSTEMS

Terrestrial ecosystems are found on

land. Deserts, forests, tundra and

grasslands are the main terrestrial

ecosystems.

2.3. - MIXED ECOSYSTEMS.

These ecosystems combine

elements from aquatic and

terrestrial ecosystems, like ponds,

swamps and beaches...

TRUE OR FALSE

*Tundra Ecosystems are in the Artic Circle.

*The living things that you can find in a Pond Ecosystem depend on the type of shore.

*There is Little biodiversity in the Beaches Ecosystems because there is too much salt water.

*We can find the same aquatic plants or animals in all Oceans.

*There are more evergreen trees than deciduous trees in the Forest Ecosystems.

*Lakes Ecosystems contain water all year.

*The species that inhabited a River Ecosystem depend on the water temperature.

*In Desert Ecosystems there is more evaporation than rainfall.

*In Grassland Ecosystems there is a lot of rainfall.

3. The elements of an ecosystem.

It consists of living things ,a

habitat or physical environment

and the relationship or

interaction between living

things.

3.1.1 Living things in a

ecosystem.In an ecosystem there are many different living things, such as ___plants _ and

__animals_.

Why are some butterflies different from each other? Because they are members

of

two different ___species______.

SPECIES consist of a ____group_______ of organisms that reproduce among

themselves.

Members of the same species possess ______similar __ characteristics.

They often appear and ______behave_______ similarly. A group of the same

area

is called a _____population______

All these different populations of living things make up a ___community_____

It consists of all the living organisms in an __area___

Living things in each ecosystem

have certain characteristics

called adaptations, which permit

them to survive in that

ecosystem.

How have these animals these

adapted to their environment?

POLAR BEAR-

LIVES IN THE ARTIC ECOSYSTEM.

Has white fur for

camouflage.

Has a layer of fat

under fur for extra

insulation.

Has sharp teeth and

claws to catch and

eat prey.

How is a Polar bear suited to its ecosystem?

CAMEL- LIVES IN THE DESERT

Can close nostrils to

keep out sand.

Has long eyelashes

to keep out sand.

Can store fat in

hump and go for

long periods without

water.

How is a camel suited to its ecosystem?

PENGUIN- LIVES IN THE ARTIC

Has thick layer of fat

to keep warm.

Produces oil to keep

feathers waterproof.

Stream lined body

for swimming.

How is a penguin suited to its ecosystem?

CACTUS- LIVES THERE.

Can survive a long

time without water.

Has sharp spikes for

protection.

Has long roots to

collect water.

How is a cactus suited to its ecosystem?

ACTIVITY FOR THE NOTEBOOK.

WHAT ECOSYSTEM DO THESE LIVING THINGS INHABIT?HOW IS A Penguin, Camel, Cactus, Polar bear SUITED TO ITS ENVIRONMENT?

HOW IS A POLAR BEAR SUITED TO ITS

ENVIRONMENT?

It lives in an Artic

Ecosystem.

It has sharp teeth

and claws, to

catch and eat

preys

3.2 HABITATS.

The place where

an animal or living

thing lives is

called its habitat.

An animal lives

when it can find

food, water and

shelter.

3.2.1 CHARACTERISTICS HABITATS.

Oceans- cold, salt

water, many

predators.

Artic- Very cold,

snow and ice, little

shelter.

Rainforest.- Very

hot , humidity,

many plants and

trees.

3.2.CHARACTERISTICS HABITATS.

Woodland- can becold in winter, manyplants and trees.

Meadow- littleshelter, lot of grassto eat.

Mountains- verycold higher up, littleshelter

3.2.CHARACTERISTICS HABITATS.

Swamp -Damp, marshy with manydifferent plants.

Desert – very dry,hotin the day, cold at night, little shelter.

Pond/lake.-Shelteredwater is calm, manyplants.

CHARACTERISTICS

rs

Ocean – cold,

salt water,

many

predators

Rain

forest –

very hot,

damp and

many

plants &

trees

Swamp –Marsh

damp, marshy, with

many different

plants

Artic – very

cold, snow

and ice, little

shelter

Meadow – little

shelter, lots of

grass to eat

Mountains – very

cold higher up,

little shelter

Woodland – can

be cold in winter,

many plants and

trees

Pond/lake – sheltered

water is calm, many

places to hide

3.2..1 HABITATS AND LIVING THINGS.SEA/

DEEP

WATER

FOREST/

WOOD

GARDEN URBAN

(TOWN)

DESERT

SHARK OAK TREE LADYBIRD PIGEON CAMEL

LOBSTER OWL FLOWER RAT RAT

SEAWEED DEER SNAIL

WOODLO

USE

SQUIRREL

WORM

DANDELIO

N