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Transcript of Science 4—Weekly Subject List - Sonlight Christian ... electrical charges/static...
©20
09 b
y So
nlig
ht C
urric
ulum
, Ltd
. All
right
s re
serv
ed.
Science 4 ♦ Section One ♦ 9
Science 4—Weekly Subject List
5-DayWeek Subject
1 early Americana/electricity/inventions/wheels
2 early Americana/electricity/inventions/bicycles/catseyes
3 early Americana/electricity/inventions/transportation/flight
4 early Americana/electricity/inventions/gliders/planes/parachutes
5 early Americana/electricity/magnetism/inventions/aircraft/chocolate
6 electricity/magnetism/inventions/gum/chips
7 electricity/magnetism/inventions/dishwasher/vacuum cleaner
8 electricity/magnetism/inventions/microwave oven/toilet
9 electricity/magnetism/inventions/light bulb/lighting
10 electricity/magnetism/Alexander Graham Bell/telephone/phonograph
11 electrons/protons/neutrons/periodic table/electricity/inventions/audio recording/television
12 energy particles/atoms/particle accelerators/elements/X-rays/forensic science/molecules/liquids/solids/gases electricity/inventions/math machines/computers/communication devices
13 crystals/chemical compounds/energy particles/dark matter/water/electricity/inventions/jeans/zipper
14 metals/plastics/carbon/silicon/electricity/inventions/Velcro/nitrous oxide/chloroform
15 biomimicry/energy/nuclear power/alternative energy/physics/forces/electricity/inventions/lenses/eye glasses /bandages
16 gravity/black holes/Albert Einstein/time/pressure/sound vibrations/electricity/inventions/X-rays/paper
17 sound/heat energy/low temperatures/electrical current/electricity/inventions/books/moveable type/ballpoint pens
18 electrical charges/static electricity/lightning/Tesla coil/neurons/pacemakers/central nervous system /magnetism/electromagnetism/electricity/inventions/sticky notes/Braile
19 electromagnetic spectrum/microwaves/X-rays/light/lasers/color/electricity/inventions/writing tools/underwater inventions
20 optical illusions/light/shadows/magnetism/inventions/piano/camera
21 light/bending light/refraction/lenses/magnetism/everyday inventions/strange inventions
22 color/prisms/spectrum/light/dispersion/filters/magnetism/energy/potential energy
23 computers/Internet/World Wide Web/artificial intelligence/robotics/magnetism/kinds of energy/hot and cold
24 nanotechnology/genetics/DNA/cells/cloning/cybernetics/magnetism/energy/conduction/convection/combustion
25 microscopes (optical/electron)/using a microscope/viewing paper, print, fibers, and fabrics/magnetism /explosions/fossil fuels
26 microscopes/archaeology/forensic science/viewing/hair/cells/magnetism/engines /food as fuel
27 microscopes/nucleus/DNA/genes/bacteria/viruses/medicine/vaccines/surgery/plant cells/plant food /magnetism/wasting energy/using energy
28 microscopes/plant reproduction/pollen/water plants/fungi/food science/insects/microscopic life/magnetism /Sun/extreme temperatures
©2009 by Sonlight Curriculum
, Ltd. All rights reserved.
10 ♦ Section One ♦ Science 4
29 microscopes/pests/insects/sand and rocks/ microfossils/ crystals/magnetism/Sun/energy cycle
30 microscopes/atoms/chain reactions/solar energy
31 buying a microscope/microscope equipment/advanced microscope techniques/magnetism/astronomy /universe/geothermal energy/wind and water power
32 space/solar system/sun/eclipses/Mercury/Venus/magnetism/biopower/electrical energy
33 Earth/Moon/Mars/Jupiter/Saturn/Uranus/magnetism/electricity/electric power/oil/coal/producers and consumers
34 Neptune/Pluto/asteroids/comets/meteors/ exploring space/famous astronauts/satellites and galaxies /magnetism/energy underground (power cables, pipes)/future energy
35 Milky Way galaxy/birth of stars/life of stars/variable stars/constellations/describing stars/magnetism/energy facts and figures/energy timeline
36 maps of the stars/constellations/home astronomy/star photographs/telescopes/astronomy facts/map of the moon/magnetism
©20
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ll ri
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Science 4 Week 1 SCHeDULe
Science 4 ♦ Section Two ♦ Week 1 ♦ Schedule
Date: Day 1 1 Day 2 2 Day 3 3 Day 4 4 Day 5 5
Diary of an Early American Boy
Author's Note, chaps. 1–2
pp. 12–19 (end before
journal entry)
pp. 19–24
Activity Sheet Questions N
#1–6 #7 #8–9
5-Day:The Story of Inventions
pp. 6–9 N
Activity Sheet Questions N
#10–15
Optional: Do Together A Journal of Their Own N
Building Bridges N
Discover & Do Level 4 DVD N
Science with Electricity Intro-
duction, #11TOPS #32: Electricity #1
Supplies N We provide: NSK — masking tape; 4SK — aluminum foil, D-cell batteries, flashlight bulbs.You provide: scissors, pencil.
Shopping/Planning List For next week: foil ribbon from #1.
Other Notes
The Story of Inventionsp. 6
"Prehistoric" refers to a time before written records and, as such, does not necessarily imply support of "cave men" in a macroevolutionary sense.
Do animals invent? The book offers the example of chimpanzee’s tool-using abilities, but this is a far cry from inventing something like a television, cell phone, or the printing press! Using a rock to break open nuts is hardly an invention. Made in God's image, human beings are intel-ligent and creative, possessing a level of ingenuity that far exceeds anything in the animal world.
My Inventions Book
Rather than completing the Activity Sheet Questions we have provided for this book this year, you may prefer to have your children create a new page each week to add to their own My Inventions Book. Create a form for them to fill out after you finish the assigned reading to record information about one of the inventions you read about. The form may include the following:
(Use the name of the invention as the page’s title) Name of the Inventor: What he or she invented: Date: What need was the inventor trying to meet with
this invention? (For example, when Josephine Cochran invented the mechanical dishwasher, it was because she
©2009 b
y Son
ligh
t Cu
rriculu
m, Ltd
. All rig
hts reserved
.
2 ♦ Week 1 ♦ Section Two ♦ Science 4
was tired of doing dishes by hand! Remember: “Necessity is the mother of invention.”)
Brief synopsis of the invention story: When did the invention become popular?
You may want to work with them to complete this form the first few weeks, but before long they’ll feel confident answering the information on their own.
Activity SheetsActivity Sheets are included after the notes and are
assigned on each schedule page. Each Activity Sheet has a corresponding Answer Key page following these schedule pages.
You do not have to do every question on the Activity Sheets. Feel free to adjust and/or omit activities to meet the needs of your children. We cover the same concepts repeatedly throughout the year (and years to come!) to enable students to learn “naturally” through repetition and practice over time.
Please don’t expect your children to write the answers until they gain considerable proficiency at handwriting. We have provided a variety of activities to interest and challenge your children. Feel free to let your children do those activities that they enjoy and simply talk through others.
We have provided space for you to fill in answers as your children respond verbally, or simply check off the items that you discuss.
Remember: this program is designed for you to use to meet your children’s needs. It is not meant to use you!
Suggestion: your Activity Sheets might work more easily in a small binder for your children to keep and use as assigned. If you have more than one child using this program, extra Activity Sheets can be purchased for each child (Item # 4TS1).
Occasionally we assign a “cut-out” activity. These are separate sheets you will find in the back of this guide. If you like, color the sheets first, then cut them out and attach them to the worksheet.
Discover & Do Level 4 DVDWe produced this fun and educational video so you and
your child could watch “Professor Ike” perform each of the assigned experiments from The Usborne Book of Science Activities, Vol. 1. We recommend you gather your supplies, watch the DVD to see what to do, and then try each of these simple experiments yourself.
Or, if you prefer, you can do the experiment(s) on your own and then watch the DVD to see how it turned out on
screen. You may want to mix and match to find out what works best. We hope this video makes your science experi-ments more enjoyable and more educational.
Note to Mom or Dad: Please navigate your Discover & Do Level 4 DVD by using the DVD menu on your screen.
Optional: Do TogetherDay 2: A Journal of Their Own
Help your children get into the spirit of reading Diary of an Early American Boy by encouraging them to start their own journal today. If they are excited about the idea, feel free to take a trip to the store to pick out a unique journal, special paper, and/or pens/pencils to use just for journaling.
Challenge them to think about what types of things about their daily existence might intrigue young readers 50 or 100 years from now. What would they find fascinat-ing? What would they want to know more about? Use these discussions as starting points for journaling.
Urge your children to include their own illustrations, just like Noah Blake does in his journal. Can they bring their journal entries to life like Noah does? Let them spend as much time as they want working on this activity. The extra writing practice is just a bonus that you can “slip” by them if they’re having fun!
Day 4: Building Bridges
This week, your children read about building a new bridge across Red Man Brook. What did they think of the process described? Could they imagine helping out with such a huge project? Why or why not?
If at all possible, take a field trip to view a local bridge up close. It could be a long suspension bridge across a river or a bay, or a simple one-lane country bridge across a mostly-dry creek bed. Size and type doesn’t matter a bit. Just try to find a bridge structure of some type (a walking bridge in a local park would work fine, too).
If possible, take the time to travel back and forth across the bridge. Is it possible to walk across on foot? Can you walk under or around it? How close can you get to exam-ine it in depth? Can your children point out any similar features to the bridge Noah Blake described in his journal? How are they similar? What major differences do they see?
Have fun with this activity, and use it as an opportunity to bring their reading assignments to life in a unique way. Encourage curiosity and discussion. Feel free to go off on a tangent, if your children’s interests lead down a new and interesting path.
Week 1 Activity Sheets©
2009
by
Sonl
ight
Cur
ricul
um, L
td. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
.
Diary of an Early American Boy
1. Talk it out question: Demonstrate/explain comprehension verbally to Mom or Dad. The author says the good things
of the past were not so often articles (things) as they were what? (p. viii)
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. What does he particularly admire or not admire about old things? (p. viii)
He does not admire He does admire
3. What evidence does he give for the idea that people were very aware of the time in which they lived? (p. viii)
________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. What are some good rules to keep in mind when keeping and handling an axe? List three. (pp. 8-9)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
5. Why was the loft the warmest spot in the house? (p. 10) ____________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Science 4 ♦ Week 1 ♦ Student Activity Sheets 1
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Science 4 Week 18 SCHeDULe
Science 4 ♦ Section Two ♦ Week 18 ♦ Schedule
Date: Day 1 86 Day 2 87 Day 3 88 Day 4 89 Day 5 90
Europe. In the field of chemistry he discovered how to liq-uefy chlorine and also discovered benzene. But Faraday’s work in the area of electricity is how he is remembered best. He studied electromagnetism, created an electric motor, made an electrical generator, and expressed the laws of electrolysis.
A committed Christian, one biographer of Faraday wrote of him, “Faraday’s Christian testimony has also helped mold people in modern times. The firmness of his faith and his determination to follow the Sermon on the Mount have influenced our age as much as or more than his stud-ies on magnetism and electricity” (Charles Ludwig, Michael Faraday: Father of Electronics [Herald Press, 1978], p. 204).
Mysteries and Marvels of Sciencep. 61
Nikola Tesla (1856–1943) invented the Tesla coil in 1891.
The Faraday Cage is named after English scientist Michael Faraday (1791–1867). But what is it? It’s not where he kept his pet parakeets, but has to do with electricity. We’ll return to the Faraday cage in a moment, but first let’s take a brief look at Faraday’s interesting life.
Michael Faraday had the privilege of serving as assis-tant to a chemist named Humphrey Davy (1778–1829), who brought Faraday along on a visit to key scientists in
Mysteries and Marvels of Science
pp. 60–61 N pp. 62–65 pp. 66–67
Activity Sheet Questions #1–4 #5–11 #12–17
5-Day:The Story of Inventions
pp. 74–77
Activity Sheet Questions #18–21
Optional: Do Together Telsa Coil N
Magnetic Field N
Discover & Do Level 4 DVD #29
TOPS #32: Electricity #19
Supplies We provide: NSK — tape, clothespins. 4SK — aluminum foil.You provide: scissors, circuit from #8.
Shopping/Planning List For next week: pennies, circuit from #8.
Other Notes
©20
09 b
y So
nlig
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td. A
ll ri
gh
ts re
serv
ed.
Science 4 ♦ Section Two ♦ Week 18 ♦ 3
Wee
k 18
Act
ivit
y Sh
eets
©2009 by Sonlight Curriculum, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Wee
k 18
Act
ivit
y Sh
eets
©2009 by Sonlight Curriculum, Ltd. All rights reserved.
9.
Why
do
com
pass
nee
dles
alw
ays
poin
t nor
th?
(p. 6
5)
be
caus
e th
at's
how
they
wer
e tr
aine
d
be
caus
e th
e ea
rth'
s co
re o
f sw
irlin
g iro
n m
akes
the
plan
et a
ct li
ke a
gia
nt m
agne
tic b
ar
be
caus
e th
e ea
rth'
s co
re is
full
of m
agne
tic s
eeds
that
att
ract
the
com
pass
's ne
edle
be
caus
e th
ere
is a
hug
e m
agne
t at t
he s
outh
pol
e th
at re
pels
the
need
le a
way
to m
ake
it po
int n
orth
10.
Wha
t qua
lity
do li
ving
thin
gs n
eed
to h
ave
in o
rder
to b
e m
agne
tic?
(p. 6
5)
_
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11.
Is w
ater
mag
netic
or d
iam
agne
tic?
(p. 6
5) _
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
H
ow d
oes
som
ethi
ng th
at is
dia
mag
netic
beh
ave
tow
ard
an o
utsi
de m
agne
tic fi
eld?
__
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_
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___
12.
Why
is e
lect
rom
agne
tism
so
impo
rtan
t? (
Hin
t: th
ink
abou
t ato
ms)
(p.
66)
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__
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_
13.
Elec
tron
s ci
rcle
an
atom
's nu
cleu
s in
she
lls. A
s th
ey m
ove
clos
er to
and
furt
her
away
from
the
nucl
eus,
they
gai
n an
d lo
se e
nerg
y. C
ircle
the
elec
tron
in th
is
atom
that
has
the
mos
t ene
rgy.
(p.
66)
14.
Whe
n an
ele
ctro
n m
oves
clo
ser t
o th
e nu
cleu
s, it
lose
s en
ergy
in th
e fo
rm o
f a…
(p.
66)
ph
oton
neut
ron
el
ectr
on
pr
oton
…
whi
ch a
re e
lect
rom
agne
tic w
aves
.
15.
Wha
t kee
ps a
boo
k fr
om s
inki
ng in
to th
e w
ood
of a
tabl
e? (
p. 6
6)
_
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____
5.
Whi
ch b
ody
syst
em u
ses
elec
tric
ity to
rela
y m
essa
ges?
(p.
62)
th
e ci
rcul
ator
y sy
stem
th
e sk
elet
al s
yste
m
th
e re
spira
tory
sys
tem
th
e ne
rvou
s sy
stem
6.
How
is e
lect
ricity
use
d in
the
circ
ulat
ory
syst
em?
(p. 6
3)
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7.
Mat
ch e
ach
term
to th
e co
rrec
t def
initi
on.
(p. 6
3)
neur
on•
•m
ade
up o
f the
bra
in a
nd s
pina
l cor
d; in
terp
rets
in
form
atio
n fr
om th
e se
nses
and
sen
ds c
omm
ands
th
roug
h ne
uron
cha
ins
neur
otra
nsm
itter
s•
•th
e ba
sic
nerv
e ce
ll of
the
nerv
ous
syst
em
cent
ral n
ervo
us s
yste
m•
•ge
nera
ted
whe
n a
neur
on s
ense
s so
met
hing
; tr
avel
s th
roug
h ne
uron
s as
a m
essa
ge to
the
brai
n
elec
tric
al p
ulse
••
chem
ical
s re
leas
ed b
y ne
uron
s th
at a
llow
ele
ctric
al
puls
es to
trav
el fr
om o
ne n
euro
n to
the
next
Ta
lk it
out
then
writ
e it
dow
n: E
xpla
in y
our a
nsw
er v
erba
lly to
Mom
or D
ad, t
hen
writ
e it
belo
w. U
se th
e te
rms
abov
e
to h
elp
you
desc
ribe
how
a m
essa
ge tr
avel
s fr
om y
our f
inge
r to
your
bra
in.
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8.
How
are
mag
netic
pol
es li
ke e
lect
rical
cha
rges
? (p
. 64)
_
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_
++
– +
– +
(p
acem
aker
s use
ele
ctric
ity to
mak
e th
e he
art
pum
p bl
ood
arou
nd th
e bo
dy)
(Whe
n yo
ur fi
nger
sens
es so
met
hing
, a n
euro
n ge
nera
tes a
n el
ectr
ic p
ulse
. Sim
ulta
neou
sly,
the
neur
on p
rodu
ces
chem
ical
s cal
led
neur
otra
nsm
itter
s tha
t allo
w th
e el
ectr
ic p
ulse
to tr
avel
acr
oss t
he g
ap b
etw
een
one
neur
on a
nd
then
nex
t. Th
e pu
lse
trav
els t
his w
ay—
thro
ugh
neur
otra
nsm
itter
s fro
m o
ne n
euro
n to
the
next
—to
the
brai
n.)
(iden
tical
pol
es p
ush
each
oth
er a
way
, jus
t lik
e id
entic
al c
harg
es d
o;
both
opp
osite
pol
es a
nd o
ppos
ite c
harg
es a
ttra
ct e
ach
othe
r.)
(they
nee
d to
hav
e lo
ts o
f wat
er in
side
of t
hem
)
(som
ethi
ng th
at is
dia
mag
-
netic
has
ato
ms i
n it
that
all
have
thei
r ow
n m
agne
tic fi
eld,
and
ther
efor
e th
ey a
lway
s rep
el o
utsi
de m
agne
tic fo
rces
)
(dia
mag
netic
)
(ele
ctro
mag
netis
m n
ot o
nly
cont
rols
how
ele
ctric
ity a
nd m
agne
tism
wor
ks, b
ut it
hol
ds th
e at
oms t
hat m
ake
up a
ll m
atte
r tog
ethe
r)
(Ele
ctro
mag
netic
forc
es c
ause
ele
ctro
ns in
the
oute
r she
lls o
f ato
ms t
o re
pel e
ach
othe
r, w
hich
cre
ates
an
invi
sibl
e ba
rrie
r bet
wee
n so
lid o
bjec
ts)
Stu
dent
Act
ivit
y Sh
eets
♦ W
eek
18 ♦
Sci
ence
470
Scie
nce
4 ♦
Wee
k 18
♦ S
tude
nt A
ctiv
ity
Shee
ts
71
Wee
k 17
Act
ivit
y Sh
eets
©2009 by Sonlight Curriculum, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Wee
k 18
Act
ivit
y Sh
eets
©2009 by Sonlight Curriculum, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Mys
terie
s and
Mar
vels
of Sc
ience
1.
If yo
u sh
uffle
you
r fee
t on
carp
et in
a d
ry c
limat
e, y
ou m
ay p
rodu
ce a
n el
ectr
ic s
hock
whe
n yo
u re
ach
for a
met
al
obje
ct. F
ill in
the
blan
ks to
exp
lain
why
this
hap
pens
. Cha
lleng
e: D
raw
+'s
and
–'s o
n th
e pi
ctur
es 1
-3 to
sho
w
whi
ch o
bjec
ts c
arry
whi
ch k
ind
of c
harg
e. (
p. 6
0)
A p
erso
n in
fuzz
y sl
ippe
rs a
nd a
pie
ce o
f car
pet
are
both
ele
ctric
ally
___
____
____
____
____
_.
Whe
n th
ey ru
b to
geth
er, _
____
____
____
____
____
____
will
tran
sfer
from
one
obj
ect t
o th
e ot
her.
This
tran
sfer
giv
es o
ne o
bjec
t a _
____
____
____
____
___
char
ge, a
nd th
e ot
her a
pos
itive
cha
rge.
Whe
n a
char
ged
obje
ct n
ears
a g
ood
cond
ucto
r, th
e
built
-up
elec
tron
s le
ap to
the
____
____
____
____
____
_
to m
ake
the
char
ged
obje
ct n
eutr
al a
gain
.
2.
Wha
t kin
d of
ele
ctric
ity is
des
crib
ed a
bove
? (p
. 60)
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__
3.
Nam
e tw
o fa
ctor
s th
at d
eter
min
e ho
w m
uch
stat
ic c
harg
e ca
n be
bui
lt up
in tw
o in
sula
tors
. (p
. 60)
1)
__
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____
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____
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____
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___
2)
__
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____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
4.
Can
light
ning
hap
pen
abov
e cl
ouds
? E
xpla
in.
(p. 6
1) _
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
ne
gativ
e el
ectr
ons
neut
ral
cond
ucto
r
19.
Why
do
lam
ps im
med
iate
ly li
ght u
p w
hen
you
turn
the
switc
h (if
they
're c
onne
cted
to e
lect
ricity
)? (
p. 5
9)
_
____
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____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
The S
tory
of In
vent
ions
Optio
nal
20.
Why
did
the
first
blo
ck-p
rinte
d bo
oks
have
man
y pi
ctur
es?
(p. 7
0)
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
21.
Why
was
Bi S
heng
's id
ea to
cre
ate
mov
eabl
e ty
pe s
peed
up
the
book
-mak
ing
proc
ess?
(p.
70)
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
W
hy w
as it
diff
icul
t to
use
with
Chi
nese
cha
ract
ers?
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__
22.
Befo
re p
rinte
d bo
oks
beca
me
easy
to m
ake,
did
man
y pe
ople
kno
w h
ow to
read
? (p
. 71)
Yes
No
23.
So w
hy w
as G
uten
berg
's in
vent
ion
one
of th
e m
ost i
mpo
rtan
t inv
entio
ns e
ver?
(p.
71)
__
____
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____
_
_
____
____
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____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
24.
Talk
it o
ut th
en w
rite
it do
wn:
Exp
lain
you
r ans
wer
ver
bally
to M
om o
r Dad
, the
n
writ
e it
belo
w. U
se th
e di
agra
m to
hel
p yo
u. H
ow d
o ba
llpoi
nt p
ens
wor
k? (
p. 7
2)
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__
25.
Why
wer
e ba
llpoi
nt p
ens
so p
opul
ar?
(p. 7
3)
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
12
34
(bec
ause
the
elec
tric
al w
ires b
etw
een
the
switc
h an
d th
e bu
lb a
lread
y ha
ve c
harg
ed a
tom
s in
them
. Tur
ning
the
switc
h co
mpl
etes
the
circ
uit a
nd th
e el
ectr
ical
cur
rent
can
now
mov
e th
e ch
arge
thro
ugh
the
wire
s.)
(bec
ause
pic
ture
s wer
e ea
sier
to c
arve
than
wor
ds)
(bec
ause
he
coul
d re
arra
nge
the
sam
e bl
ocks
to m
ake
diffe
rent
pag
es o
f tex
t)
(Sin
ce C
hine
se w
ritin
g us
es th
ousa
nds o
f sym
bols,
ther
e ha
d to
be
thou
sand
s of k
inds
of
prin
ting
bloc
ks a
vaila
ble
to b
e ab
le to
prin
t any
thin
g)
(due
to G
uten
berg
's in
ven-
tion,
boo
ks b
ecam
e ch
eape
r and
mor
e re
adily
ava
ilabl
e, so
mor
e pe
ople
cou
ld le
arn
to re
ad a
nd le
arn
abou
t thi
ngs
beyo
nd w
hat t
hey
wer
e im
med
iate
ly e
xpos
ed to
—w
hich
mea
nt th
ough
ts a
nd id
eas f
lour
ishe
d)
(a b
all b
earin
g fit
s int
o th
e en
d of
a in
k-fil
led
tube
. The
ink
lubr
icat
es th
e ba
ll an
d as
the
ball
rolls
acr
oss t
he p
aper
, it l
eave
s a tr
ail o
f ink
)
(Pos
sibl
e: th
ey w
ere
hand
y, re
liabl
e an
d ea
sy to
use
; the
ink
didn
't
smud
ge; t
hey
wor
ked
at h
igh
altit
udes
, etc
.)
(sta
tic e
lect
ricity
)
(the
mat
eria
l tha
t mak
es u
p th
e in
sula
tors
)
(the
amou
nt o
f sur
face
are
a th
at m
akes
con
tact
bet
wee
n th
e tw
o in
sula
tors
)
(Y
es—
som
etim
es st
orm
clou
ds g
ener
ate
light
ing
in th
e to
p pa
rt o
f the
clo
ud in
stea
d of
the
bott
om; t
his l
ight
ning
mig
ht a
ppea
r as a
red,
jelly
fish
shap
ed b
urst
of l
ight
scie
ntis
ts c
all a
"spr
ite",
or a
blu
e fla
sh,
calle
d a
jet.)
(neu
tral
)
(ele
ctro
ns)
(neg
ativ
e)(c
ondu
ctor
)
+–
+–
+–
+–
(no
char
ge)
Stu
dent
Act
ivit
y Sh
eets
♦ W
eek
17 ♦
Sci
ence
468
Scie
nce
4 ♦
Wee
k 18
♦ S
tude
nt A
ctiv
ity
Shee
ts
69
Week 17 Activity Sheets
©2009 by Sonlight Curriculum
, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Week 18 Activity Sheets©
2009
by
Sonl
ight
Cur
ricul
um, L
td. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
.
Mysteries and Marvels of Science
1. If you shuffle your feet on carpet in a dry climate, you may produce an electric shock when you reach for a metal
object. Fill in the blanks to explain why this happens. Challenge: Draw +'s and –'s on the pictures 1-3 to show
which objects carry which kind of charge. (p. 60)
A person in fuzzy slippers and a piece of carpet
are both electrically ____________________.
When they rub together, _________________________
will transfer from one object to the other.
This transfer gives one object a ____________________
charge, and the other a positive charge.
When a charged object nears a good conductor, the
built-up electrons leap to the _____________________
to make the charged object neutral again.
2. What kind of electricity is described above? (p. 60) _____________________________________________________
3. Name two factors that determine how much static charge can be built up in two insulators. (p. 60)
1) _____________________________________________________________________________________________
2) _____________________________________________________________________________________________
4. Can lightning happen above clouds? Explain. (p. 61) _______________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
negative electrons neutral conductor
19. Why do lamps immediately light up when you turn the switch (if they're connected to electricity)? (p. 59)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
The Story of InventionsOptional
20. Why did the first block-printed books have many pictures? (p. 70)
________________________________________________________________________________________________
21. Why was Bi Sheng's idea to create moveable type speed up the book-making process? (p. 70)
________________________________________________________________________________________________
Why was it difficult to use with Chinese characters?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
22. Before printed books became easy to make, did many people know how to read? (p. 71) Yes No
23. So why was Gutenberg's invention one of the most important inventions ever? (p. 71) _______________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
24. Talk it out then write it down: Explain your answer verbally to Mom or Dad, then
write it below. Use the diagram to help you. How do ballpoint pens work? (p. 72)
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
25. Why were ballpoint pens so popular? (p. 73) __________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
1 2
3 4
Student Activity Sheets ♦ Week 17 ♦ Science 468 Science 4 ♦ Week 18 ♦ Student Activity Sheets 69
©20
09 b
y So
nlig
ht
Cu
rric
ulu
m, L
td. A
ll ri
gh
ts re
serv
ed.
Science 4 Week 36 SCHeDULe
Science 4 ♦ Section Two ♦ Week 36 ♦ Schedule
Astronomy and Space pp. 59–75 pp. 76–80 N pp. 81–87 N
Activity Sheet Questions #1–5 #6–23
5-Day:Energy
Catch up N
Optional: Do Together Science … Fiction? N
Favorite Activity N
Discover & Do Level 4 DVD #58
TOPS #33: Magnetism #20
Activity Sheet Questions #24–29
Supplies We Provide: NSK — tape, magnets. 4SK — D-cell battery, index card.You provide: thin cardboard (manila folder) 9”x11,” 2 clothes hangers, books, rice, unused staples.
Other Notes
You’re All Done!
Date: Day 1 176 Day 2 177 Day 3 178 Day 4 179 Day 5 180
Astronomy and Spacepp. 76–77
If you decide to buy some binoculars for astronomy use, one other tip is useful. If you or your children wear glasses, it’s helpful to get a pair of binoculars that have rubbery eyepieces that can be folded down when looking through them with glasses on. This makes it easier to keep your glasses on and still get the most out of your binoculars.
An alternative to buying expensive telescopes or bin-oculars is to find out about astronomy clubs in your area.
Such groups meet regularly and usually several members have great telescopes and binoculars that you can use. Seeing pictures of the night sky in books is one thing, but you and your children will be amazed by some of the sights you can see for yourself through a great telescope.
pp. 82–83
As you’ve probably noticed by now, the study of astronomy is also a great time to study Greek and Roman mythology. Descriptions of famous constellations, for instance, introduce a number of popular Greek myths.
©20
09 b
y So
nlig
ht
Cu
rric
ulu
m, L
td. A
ll ri
gh
ts re
serv
ed.
Science 4 ♦ Section Two ♦ Week 36 ♦ 3
Wee
k 36
Act
ivit
y Sh
eets
©2009 by Sonlight Curriculum, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Wee
k 36
Act
ivit
y Sh
eets
©2009 by Sonlight Curriculum, Ltd. All rights reserved.
11.
Whi
ch p
lane
t has
the
long
est y
ear?
(p.
87)
M
ercu
ry
N
eptu
ne
Sa
turn
Pl
uto
12.
Whi
ch p
lane
t has
the
long
est d
ay?
(p. 8
7)
M
ercu
ry
Ve
nus
Jupi
ter
Pl
uto
13.
Whi
ch h
as th
e sh
orte
st d
ay?
(p. 8
7)
Ju
pite
r
Satu
rn
Ve
nus
Ea
rth
14.
Whi
ch p
lane
t's d
ay is
the
clos
est t
o th
e sa
me
leng
th a
s a
day
on E
arth
? (p
. 87)
__
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
Revi
ew.
15.
I am
som
etim
es re
ferr
ed to
as
"the
mor
ning
or e
veni
ng s
tar"
? _
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
16.
I am
the
larg
est p
lane
t in
the
Sola
r Sys
tem
. _
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__
17.
Com
pare
d to
the
othe
r pla
nets
, I'm
the
one
that
spi
ns o
n m
y si
de.
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
_
18.
You
only
eve
ry s
ee o
ne s
ide
of m
e fr
om E
arth
. _
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
19.
Tem
pera
ture
s on
my
surf
ace
can
reac
h ov
er fo
ur ti
mes
the
tem
pera
ture
of b
oilin
g w
ater
, but
I al
so h
ave
crat
ers
so
deep
that
sun
light
nev
er re
ache
s th
e bo
ttom
to w
arm
them
. _
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
20.
For 2
0 of
my
248
Eart
h-ye
ar o
rbit,
I am
not
the
mos
t dis
tant
pla
net f
rom
the
Sun.
__
____
____
____
____
____
____
__
21.
My
soil
cont
ent i
s hi
gh in
iron
, whi
ch g
ives
me
a re
ddis
h co
lor.
__
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
_
22.
One
of m
y cl
ouds
, Sco
oter
, zip
s al
l the
way
aro
und
me
once
eve
ry 1
6 ho
urs.
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
_
23.
I spi
n ar
ound
so
quic
kly
that
the
gase
s in
my
atm
osph
ere
bulg
e ou
t aro
und
my
mid
dle
near
my
rings
.
__
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
M
ercu
ry
Venu
s th
e M
oon
Mar
s Ju
pite
r
Sa
turn
U
ranu
s N
eptu
ne
Plut
o
6.
Brie
fly d
escr
ibe
one
of th
e tw
o co
nste
llatio
n st
orie
s de
scrib
ed in
you
r boo
k—ei
ther
Per
seus
or O
rion—
or a
diff
eren
t
cons
tella
tion
stor
y of
you
r cho
ice.
(p.
82)
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
7.
Thin
k ab
out i
t: T
he c
onst
ella
tion
stor
ies
we
hear
mos
t oft
en a
re b
ased
on
Gre
ek o
r Rom
an m
ytho
logy
. Do
you
thin
k
thes
e ar
e th
e on
ly s
torie
s th
at e
xist
abo
ut g
roup
s of
sta
rs?
Why
or w
hy n
ot?
(p. 8
2)
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
8.
Why
sho
uld
you
turn
the
book
ups
ide
dow
n if
you
are
look
ing
at th
e m
oon
thro
ugh
a te
lesc
ope?
(p.
83)
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
9.
Wha
t do
you
rem
embe
r fro
m y
our r
eadi
ng a
bout
the
size
of t
he c
rate
r Cop
erni
cus?
(p.
83)
(Hin
t: se
e pa
ge 2
4)
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
Th
e ne
xt ti
me
you
see
a fu
ll m
oon,
see
if y
ou c
an fi
nd it
!
10.
Fill
in th
e m
issi
ng in
form
atio
n to
com
plet
e th
e ch
art b
elow
. (p
p. 8
4-85
)
Star
Fact
s
N
ame
of S
tar
Nam
e of
Con
stel
latio
nSp
ectr
al T
ype
Dou
ble
or V
aria
ble?
Siriu
s (A
)ne
ither
Boöt
esK
Alta
irne
ither
Beta
Cap
ricor
ni—
Cetu
s—
long
-per
iod
varia
ble
(See
the
text
in th
e bo
ok to
che
ck y
our c
hild
's sy
nops
is)
(No,
man
y cu
lture
s aro
und
the
wor
ld h
ave
stor
ies t
o de
scrib
e th
e pa
tter
ns th
ey sa
w in
the
sky
that
wer
e ba
sed
on st
orie
s
or c
hara
cter
s tha
t wer
e im
port
ant i
n th
eir c
ultu
re.)
(bec
ause
mos
t ast
rono
mic
al te
lesc
opes
mak
e ob
ject
s in
the
sky
appe
ar u
psid
e do
wn)
(it is
so la
rge
that
a c
ity th
e si
ze o
f Lon
don
coul
d fit
insi
de it
!)
(Can
is M
ajor
)(A
)
(Arc
turu
s)(n
eith
er)
(Aqu
ila)
(A)
(Cap
ricor
nus)
(phy
sica
l dou
ble)
(Mira
)
(Mar
s)
(Ven
us)
(Jup
iter)
(Ura
nus)
(the
Moo
n)
(Mer
cury
)
(Plu
to)
(Mar
s)
(Nep
tune
)
(Sat
urn)
Stu
dent
Act
ivit
y Sh
eets
♦ W
eek
36 ♦
Sci
ence
413
8Sc
ienc
e 4
♦ W
eek
36 ♦
Stu
dent
Act
ivit
y Sh
eets
139
Wee
k 35
Act
ivit
y Sh
eets
©2009 by Sonlight Curriculum, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Wee
k 36
Act
ivit
y Sh
eets
©2009 by Sonlight Curriculum, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Book
of As
trono
my &
Spac
e
1.
Com
pare
and
con
tras
t usi
ng b
inoc
ular
s or
a te
lesc
ope
to lo
ok a
t the
nig
ht s
ky. W
hat a
re th
e pr
os a
nd c
ons
of e
ach?
(pp.
76-
77)
2.
Chal
leng
e! W
hy d
o yo
u th
ink
flash
light
gla
re w
ould
mak
e it
hard
to s
ee th
e ni
ght s
ky?
(p. 7
7)
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
3.
Why
do
star
s lo
ok b
lurr
ed in
som
e ph
otog
raph
s? (
p. 7
9)
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
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____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
H
ow d
o ph
otog
raph
ers
capt
ure
this
effe
ct?
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
4.
Whi
ch ty
pe o
f tel
esco
pe u
ses
mirr
ors
to b
ring
an im
age
to y
our e
ye?
(p. 8
0)
r
efle
ctor
tele
scop
e
re
frac
tor t
eles
cope
5.
Whi
ch ty
pe o
f mou
nt a
llow
s yo
u to
follo
w th
e cu
rved
pat
h of
a s
tar a
cros
s th
e sk
y? (
p. 8
0)
a
ltaz
imut
h m
ount
eq
uato
rial
mou
nt
Bino
cula
rsTe
lesc
ope
Pros
:Pr
os:
Cons
:Co
ns:
19.
True
or F
alse
…Ch
alle
nge!
The
brig
htes
t sta
r in
the
sky,
Siri
us, i
s br
ight
bec
ause
it is
one
of t
he h
otte
st s
tars
. (H
int:
Whe
re d
oes
Siriu
s fa
ll in
the
char
t at t
he b
otto
m o
f pag
e 58
?) (
pp. 5
7-58
) Tr
ue
Fa
lse
Ener
gyOp
tiona
l
20.
Nam
e on
e w
ay to
con
serv
e en
ergy
, and
one
way
we
was
te e
nerg
y as
list
ed in
the
fact
s on
pag
es 5
6-57
.
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
(Con
serv
e: re
cycl
ing
a ca
n sa
ves e
noug
h en
ergy
to p
ower
a T
V fo
r 3 h
ours
; ene
rgy
savi
ng li
ght b
ulbs
last
long
er a
nd sa
ve
muc
h m
ore
ener
gy th
an o
rdin
ary
ones
; tur
ning
off
a co
mpu
ter s
cree
n ov
erni
ght s
aves
eno
ugh
ener
gy to
prin
t 800
pag
es;
etc.
Was
te: i
mpo
rtin
g fo
od c
reat
es m
ore
carb
on d
ioxi
de d
urin
g its
jour
ney
than
a fa
mily
cre
ates
whi
le c
ooki
ng o
ver 6
mon
ths;
etc.
)
(le
ss e
xpen
sive
; mad
e in
diff
eren
t siz
es a
nd
pow
ers)
(if
they
're b
igge
r, th
ey're
hea
vier
and
may
be
diffi
cult
to h
old
stea
dy—
may
requ
ire a
trip
od to
use
effe
ctiv
ely)
(s
how
the
sky
mor
e cl
early
)
(a
re v
ery
expe
nsiv
e—ch
eape
r one
s are
not
ver
y
good
and
it w
ould
be
mor
e w
orth
whi
le to
spen
d th
e
sam
e am
ount
of m
oney
on
good
bin
ocul
ars)
(bec
ause
our
pup
ils d
ilate
to se
e be
tter
in th
e da
rk, b
ut if
we
turn
to lo
ok a
t whi
te li
ght f
rom
the
flash
light
on
a pi
ece
of p
aper
, our
pup
ils m
ust c
onst
rict t
o ke
ep to
o m
uch
light
from
get
-
ting
in. W
e w
ould
hav
e to
wai
t for
our
eye
s to
get u
sed
to th
e da
rk a
gain
bef
ore
we
coul
d se
e
the
sky
very
wel
l.)
(b
ecau
se th
e Ea
rth
spin
s, so
the
star
s are
alw
ays m
ovin
g
thro
ugh
the
sky)
(b
y le
avin
g th
e sh
utte
rs o
n th
eir c
amer
as o
pen
for a
long
tim
e, so
the
light
from
eac
h st
ar sl
owly
mov
es fr
om a
poi
nt in
to a
line
acr
oss t
he fi
lm)
Stu
dent
Act
ivit
y Sh
eets
♦ W
eek
35 ♦
Sci
ence
413
6Sc
ienc
e 4
♦ W
eek
36 ♦
Stu
dent
Act
ivit
y Sh
eets
137
Week 35 Activity Sheets
©2009 by Sonlight Curriculum
, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Week 36 Activity Sheets©
2009
by
Sonl
ight
Cur
ricul
um, L
td. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
.
Book of Astronomy & Space
1. Compare and contrast using binoculars or a telescope to look at the night sky. What are the pros and cons of each?
(pp. 76-77)
2. Challenge! Why do you think flashlight glare would make it hard to see the night sky? (p. 77)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
3. Why do stars look blurred in some photographs? (p. 79) ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
How do photographers capture this effect? ____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. Which type of telescope uses mirrors to bring an image to your eye? (p. 80)
reflector telescope refractor telescope
5. Which type of mount allows you to follow the curved path of a star across the sky? (p. 80)
altazimuth mount equatorial mount
Binoculars Telescope
Pros: Pros:
Cons: Cons:
19. True or False…Challenge! The brightest star in the sky, Sirius, is bright because it is one of the hottest stars. (Hint:
Where does Sirius fall in the chart at the bottom of page 58?) (pp. 57-58) True False
EnergyOptional
20. Name one way to conserve energy, and one way we waste energy as listed in the facts on pages 56-57.
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
Student Activity Sheets ♦ Week 35 ♦ Science 4136 Science 4 ♦ Week 36 ♦ Student Activity Sheets 137
Cut-Out Sheets©
2009
by
Sonl
ight
Cur
ricul
um, L
td. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
.
Science 4 ♦ Cut-Out Sheets ♦ 1
Cut-Out #1
Static electricity builds as water droplets hit one another.
Negative charges build up in the bottom of the cloud.
Negative charges in the cloud repel negative charges in the buildings below.
Positive charges are left behind in the buildings.
When the charge gets large enough, it breaks through the insulation of the air.
The electrical charge at the base of the cloud discharges and lightning strikes.
Cut-Out #2
Electricity flows through the electromagnet and becomes magnetic.
The electromagnet attracts the arm and pulls on the hammer.
As the hammer pulls back, it loses contact with the wire and breaks the current.
The electromagnet stops working.
Pushing the button closes the circuit and causes the electricity to flow.
The spring pulls and the hammer strikes the bell.