Scapular Region. Objectives Know the principal muscles of the scapular and scapulo-humeral regions....
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Transcript of Scapular Region. Objectives Know the principal muscles of the scapular and scapulo-humeral regions....
Scapular Region
Objectives
Know the principal muscles of the scapular and scapulo-humeral regions.
Understand the mechanism of scapular rotation in relation with shoulder movements.
Surface Anatomy
• Spine
Acromion (of scapula
Teres minormuscle
Teres majormuscle
Infraspinatusmuscle
Triangle ofascultation
Trapezius muscle
AnteriorScapula.-angles, borders-glenoid cavity, -acromion, -coracoid process, -Subscapular fossa
Humerus.-Head,-Surgical neck-Anatomical neck-Greater tubercle-Lesser tubercle-Intertubercular (bicipital) groove
PosteriorClavicle.Acromioclavicular joint
Scapula.- Spine - Acromion- Supraspinous fossa- Infraspinous fossa
Humerus. - Head - Anatomical neck, - Surgical neck, - Deltoid tuberosity- Spiral (radial) groove.
Superior rotation of Glenoid fossa:
- Powerful muscles pull on bony struts.
Scapula rotates when we move our arms to allow more range of motion at the shoulder joint
Complete abduction at the shoulder joint requires superior rotation of the scapula so that the glenoid fossa faces superiorly.
Glenoid fossa
Deltoid
• Clavicular origin, acromial, and scapular origins, attach all to deltoid tuberosity
• Anterior fibers flexes• Posterior fibers extends and
laterally rotates• Middle fibers abducts the arm• Innervation C5,6 Axillary nerve
Delta= TriangleDeltoid=triangular in shape Principal abductors= Deltoid, supraspinatus
Subdeltoid / Subacromial bursa.
Bursa: a closed sac or envelope, lined with synovium and containing fluid, usually in areas subject to friction.
Rotator cuff muscles stabilize the shoulder joint.Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus,Subscapularis, Teres minor
Rotator Cuff MusclesBecause the scapula is triangular deep bone, paddedwith thick muscles, injuries leading to scapular fractures Will be so severe , and most commonly we will have lots of multiple, or serious other fractures
Transverse scapular ligament
• Runs between Subscapular nerve (C5,6) and artery, which supply Supraspinatus and Infraspinatus muscles
• Artery above, nerve below
Serratus Anterior
Winged Scapula: (long thoracic nerve)
Subscapularis
"big swing muscle" or "boxer's muscle”Antagonist of RhomboidsAccessory muscle of respiration
Posterior view:- Trapezius- Latissimus Dorsi- Deltoid
Rhomboids:- minor and major- retract / inferior rotate scapula
Teres major:- inserts near latissimus dorsi- adduct / medially rotate arm
Rhomboids retract, so injury to the dorsal scapular nerve will make the
scapula further away from the midline on the affected side
Posterior scapula
Thank you