Scaffolding Undergraduate Design Education with the Wellbeing Framework

Scaffolding Undergraduate Design Education with the Wellbeing Framework

Lindsey NelsonJune 2012

How do engineers approach alleviating poverty?

approach

How do engineers approach alleviating poverty?Why do engineering students need better scaffolding when designing for poverty alleviation?

gap approach

How do engineers approach alleviating poverty?Why do engineering students need better scaffolding when designing for poverty alleviation?What are wellbeing frameworks?

framework gap approach

How do engineers approach alleviating poverty?Why do engineering students need better scaffolding when designing for poverty alleviation?What are wellbeing frameworks?How could engineering design educators use wellbeing frameworks provide better scaffolding?

application framework gapapproach

4 approaches to poverty alleviation



• Income-first• Needs-first• Rights-first• Local-first



• Income-first• Needs-first• Rights-first• Local-first


Assumes a definition of poverty

A General Engineering Approach


Initial Problem

Achieved Goal

A General Engineering Approach


Initial Problem

Achieved Goal

Technology

Problem

It is unclear how technology connects with the goal of “alleviating poverty.”


Problem

It is unclear how technology connects with the goal of “alleviating poverty.”


Initial State

Poverty Alleviation

Technology

Designing for Poverty Alleviation

The Other 90 Design, Inc (TO9D), is a not-for-profit multinational corporation that has as its mission to develop products that will benefit the 90% of people on Earth who are poor by helping them out of ‘absolute poverty,’ which was defined by the World Bank in 1990 as the earning of equivalent income of $2 a day or less. TO9D attempts to accomplish this goal through focusing development efforts on products that either allow people to earn their way out of poverty or allow people to spend less time, money, and/or effort on the necessities of life.

Specifications: The proposal must identify a real-world poverty situation in a specific nation where at least 40% of the population earns less than $2 a day.


Reid and Estell (2011)

The Use of Multiple Definitions

The Other 90 Design, Inc (TO9D), is a not-for-profit multinational corporation that has as its mission to develop products that will benefit the 90% of people on Earth who are poor by helping them out of ‘absolute poverty,’ which was defined by the World Bank in 1990 as the earning of equivalent income of $2 a day or less. TO9D attempts to accomplish this goal through focusing development efforts on products that either allow people to earn their way out of poverty or allow people to spend less time, money, and/or effort on the necessities of life.

Specifications: The proposal must identify a real-world poverty situation in a specific nation where at least 40% of the population earns less than $2 a day.


Reid and Estell (2011)

One Possible Solution

Defining poverty in align with engineering activities


One Possible Solution

Defining poverty in align with engineering activities

Poverty is the systematic failure to achieve wellbeing outcomes.


Defining Wellbeing

Materialsufficiency

Bodilyhealth

SocialconnectednessSecurity

Freedom to make choices around action

Narayan et al (2001)


The Wellbeing Framework:

Personal Goals and Values

Reality and Perception of Available Resources

and Capabilities


Copestake (2008)




and Capabilities

Wider Context


Copestake (2008)




and CapabilitiesSubjective Wellbeing and

Motivation

Wider Context


Copestake (2008)





Motivation

Actions and Interactions leading to

Wider Context


Copestake (2008)





Motivation

Actions and Interactions leading to

Outcomes(material, social, cultural, cognitive, affective)

Wider Context


Copestake (2008)



McGregor (2007)

THE SOCIAL HUMAN

Wellbeing outcomes

*Resources commanded or lost

*Needs met or denied

*Quality of Life



McGregor (2007)

THE SOCIAL HUMAN

Wellbeing outcomes



*Quality of Life

Global communityNation StateCommunityHousehold



McGregor (2007)

THE SOCIAL HUMAN

Wellbeing outcomes



*Quality of Life


Relationships with Others




McGregor (2007)

THE SOCIAL HUMAN

Wellbeing outcomes



*Quality of Life



Wellbeing Processes


Wellbeing Processes



McGregor (2007)

TIME

THE SOCIAL HUMAN

Wellbeing outcomes



*Quality of Life



Wellbeing Processes


Wellbeing Processes



McGregor (2007)

TIME

THE SOCIAL HUMAN

Wellbeing outcomes



*Quality of Life



Wellbeing Processes


Wellbeing Processes

Involving the interplay over time of goals formulated, resources deployed, goals and needs met, and the degree of satisfaction in their achievement

Recall Engineering Approach


Initial Problem

Achieved Goal

Using the Wellbeing Framework


Initial State of Ill-being

Wellbeing



Initial State

Wellbeing

Wellbeing Processes


Poverty is the systematic failure to achieve wellbeing outcomes




What wellbeing outcomes relate most strongly to your engineering discipline?




What wellbeing outcomes relate most strongly to your engineering discipline?What are the capabilities of your engineering students?




What wellbeing outcomes relate most strongly to your engineering discipline?What are the capabilities of your engineering students?Where do you have relationships with others?




What wellbeing outcomes relate most strongly to your engineering discipline?What are the capabilities of your engineering students?Where do you have relationships with others?What wellbeing outcomes are they trying to achieve?




What wellbeing outcomes relate most strongly to your engineering discipline?What are the capabilities of your engineering students?Where do you have relationships with others?What wellbeing outcomes are they trying to achieve?Do the outcomes match?


9 Principles of Partnering with People Living in Poverty

• Ask them.• Be nice to people.• Don’t rush.• Embrace error.• Facilitate.• Hand over the stick.• Have fun.• Relax.• Have confidence that people are capable.

Chambers (1997)


Scaffolding Undergraduate Design Education with the Wellbeing Frameworks

Lindsey [email protected]@ids.ac.uk

mailto:[email protected]



Measuring poverty

• International consensus shifting• Early definitions focused on consumption poverty

Measuring poverty

• International consensus shifting• Early definitions focused on consumption poverty• Income-based poverty headcount

Measuring poverty

• International consensus shifting• Early definitions focused on consumption poverty• Income-based poverty headcount• Human Development Index tracks

• Health: Life expectancy at birth• Education: Mean years and expected years of schooling• Living Standards: GNP per capita

Measuring poverty

• International consensus shifting• Early definitions focused on consumption poverty• Income-based poverty headcount• Human Development Index tracks

• Health: Life expectancy at birth• Education: Mean years and expected years of schooling• Living Standards: GNP per capita

• Multidimensional Poverty Index tracks household level data with ten indicators

Measuring poverty

Scaffolding Undergraduate Design Education with the Wellbeing Framework

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