Scaffold and Fall Protection

8/12/2019 Scaffold and Fall Protection

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Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)Drawings and Illustrations. - 1926 Subpart L pp !

Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR) - "able o# Contents

$ %art &u'ber 1926$ %art "itle Sa#et and *ealt+ Regulations #or Constru,tion$ Subpart L$ Subpart "itle S,a##olds$ Standard &u'ber 1926 Subpart L pp !$ "itle Drawings and Illustrations.

"+is ppendi pro ides drawings o# parti,ular t pes o# s,a##olds and s,a##old ,o'ponents/and grap+i, illustrations o# bra,ing patterns and tie spa,ing patterns.

"+is ppendi is intended to pro ide isual guidan,e to assist t+e user in ,o'pl ing wit+ t+ere0uire'ents o# subpart L/ part 1926.

(For Figure 1, Click Here )









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61 FR 6324/ ug. 53/ 1996 61 FR 49751/ &o . 24/ 19968

Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)S,a##old Spe,i#i,ations - 1926 Subpart L pp


$ %art &u'ber 1926$ %art "itle Sa#et and *ealt+ Regulations #or Constru,tion$ Subpart L$ Subpart "itle S,a##olds$ Standard &u'ber 1926 Subpart L pp $ "itle S,a##old Spe,i#i,ations

"+is ppendi pro ides non-'andator guidelines to assist e'plo ers in ,o'pl ing wit+ t+ere0uire'ents o# subpart L o# t+is part. n e'plo er 'a use t+ese guidelines and tables as astarting point #or designing s,a##old s ste's. *owe er/ t+e guidelines do not pro ide all t+ein#or'ation ne,essar to build a ,o'plete s ste'/ and t+e e'plo er is still responsible #ordesigning and asse'bling t+ese ,o'ponents in su,+ a wa t+at t+e ,o'pleted s ste' will'eet t+e re0uire'ents o# 1926. 41(a). S,a##old ,o'ponents w+i,+ are not sele,ted andloaded in a,,ordan,e wit+ t+is ppendi / and ,o'ponents #or w+i,+ no spe,i#i, guidelinesor tables are gi en in t+is ppendi (e.g./ oints/ ties/ ,o'ponents #or wood pole s,a##olds'ore t+an 63 #eet in +eig+t/ ,o'ponents #or +ea -dut +orse s,a##olds/ ,o'ponents 'adewit+ ot+er 'aterials/ and ,o'ponents wit+ ot+er di'ensions/ et,.) 'ust be designed and,onstru,ted in a,,ordan,e wit+ t+e ,apa,it re0uire'ents o# 1926. 41(a)/ and loaded in

a,,ordan,e wit+ 1926. 41(d)(1).Index to A endix A !or "u# $rt %

1& 'ener$l guideline $nd t$#le & 2& " eci!ic guideline $nd t$#le &

($) ole c$!!old * "ingle+ ole ood ole c$!!old & Inde endent ood ole c$!!old & (#) -u#e $nd cou ler c$!!old & (c) F$#ric$ted !r$.e c$!!old & (d) l$ terer /, decor$tor / $nd l$rge $re$ c$!!old & (e) 0rickl$ er / u$re c$!!old & (!) Hor e c$!!old & (g) For. c$!!old $nd c$r enter / #r$cket c$!!old & ( ) oo! #r$cket c$!!old & (i) utrigger c$!!old (one le el)& ( ) u. $ck c$!!old & (k) %$dder $ck c$!!old & (l) indo $ck c$!!old & (.) Cr$ ling #o$rd (c icken l$dder )& (n) "te , l$t!or. $nd tre tle l$dder c$!!old & (o) "ingle+ oint $d u t$#le u en ion c$!!old & ( ) - o+ oint $d u t$#le u en ion c$!!old &




( )(1) "tone etter / .ulti+ oint $d u t$#le u en ion c$!!old & ( )(2) $ on / .ulti+ oint $d u t$#le u en ion c$!!old & (r) C$ten$r c$!!old & ( ) Flo$t ( i ) c$!!old & (t) Interior ung c$!!old & (u) :eedle #e$. c$!!old & ( ) ulti+le el u en ion c$!!old & ( ) o#ile c$!!old & (x) e $ir #r$cket c$!!old & ( ) "tilt & (;) -$nk #uilder / c$!!old &

1. :eneral :uidelines and "ables

(a) "+e #ollowing tables/ and t+e tables in %art 2 -- Spe,i#i, guidelines and tables/ assu'et+at all load-,arr ing ti'ber 'e'bers (e ,ept plan;s) o# t+e s,a##old are a 'ini'u' o# 1/433lb-#<in(2) (stress grade) ,onstru,tion grade lu'ber. ll di'ensions are no'inal si=es as

pro ided in t+e 'eri,an So#twood Lu'ber Standards/ dated >anuar 19?3/ e ,ept t+at/w+ere roug+ si=es are noted/ onl roug+ or undressed lu'ber o# t+e si=e spe,i#ied will satis#'ini'u' re0uire'ents.

(b) Solid sawn wood used as s,a##old plan;s s+all be sele,ted #or su,+ use #ollowing t+egrading rules establis+ed b a re,ogni=ed lu'ber grading asso,iation or b an independentlu'ber grading inspe,tion agen, . Su,+ plan;s s+all be identi#ied b t+e grade sta'p o# su,+asso,iation or agen, . "+e asso,iation or agen, and t+e grading rules under w+i,+ t+e woodis graded s+all be ,erti#ied b t+e @oard o# Re iew/ 'eri,an Lu'ber Standard Co''ittee/as set #ort+ in t+e 'eri,an So#twood Lu'ber Standard o# t+e A.S. Depart'ent o#Co''er,e.

(i) llowable spans s+all be deter'ined in ,o'plian,e wit+ t+e &ational DesignSpe,i#i,ation #or Bood Constru,tion publis+ed b t+e &ational Forest %rodu,ts sso,iation

paragrap+ 4 o# &SI 13.7-1977 S,a##olding-Sa#et Re0uire'ents publis+ed b t+e'eri,an &ational Standards Institute or #or 2 13 in,+ (no'inal) or 2 9 in,+ (roug+)

solid sawn wood plan;s/ as s+own in t+e #ollowing table

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = = $xi.u. = $xi.u. = $xi.u. intended = er.i i#le = er.i i#le no.in$l = $n u ing = $n u ing lo$d = !ull t ickne = no.in$l

(l#>!t(2)) = undre ed = t ickne = lu.#er (!t) = lu.#er (!t)<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = =25&&&&&&&&&&&&= 1? = 85?&&&&&&&&&&&&= 8 = 675&&&&&&&&&&&&= 6 =<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<



(ii) "+e 'a i'u' per'issible span #or 1 1< 9-in,+ or wider wood plan; o# #ull t+i,;nesswit+ a 'a i'u' intended load o# 43 lb<#t.(2) s+all be #eet.

(,) Fabri,ated plan;s and plat#or's 'a be used in lieu o# solid sawn wood plan;s.a i'u' spans #or su,+ units s+all be as re,o''ended b t+e 'anu#a,turer based on t+e

'a i'u' intended load being ,al,ulated as #ollows

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = $ted lo$d c$ $cit = Intended lo$d<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< =%ig t+dut &&&&&&&&&&&&&&= @ 25 ound er u$re !oot $ lied = uni!or.l o er t e entire $n $re$&

ediu.+dut &&& &&&&&&&&&= @ 5? ound er u$re !oot $ lied = uni!or.l o er t e entire $n $re$&He$ +dut &&&&&&&&&&&&&&= @ 75 ound er u$re !oot $ lied = uni!or.l o er t e entire $n $re$&

ne+ er on&&&&&&&&&&&&&&= @ 25? ound l$ced $t t e center o! = t e $n (tot$l 25? ound )&- o+ er on&&&&&&&&&&&&&&= @ 25? ound l$ced 18 inc e to t e = le!t $nd rig t o! t e center o! t e = $n (tot$l 5?? ound )&- ree+ er on&&&&&&&&&&&&= @ 25? ound l$ced $t t e center o! = t e $n $nd 25? ound l$ced 18 = inc e to t e le!t $nd rig t o! t e = center o! t e $n (tot$l 75? ound )&<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

&ote %lat#or' units used to 'a;e s,a##old plat#or's intended #or lig+t-dut use s+all be,apable o# supporting at least 24 pounds per s0uare #oot applied uni#or'l o er t+e entire

unit-span area/ or a 243-pound point load pla,ed on t+e unit at t+e ,enter o# t+e span/w+i,+e er load produ,es t+e greater s+ear #or,e.

(d) :uardrails s+all be as #ollows

(i) "oprails s+all be e0ui alent in strengt+ to 2 in,+ b in,+ lu'ber or

1 1>4 inc x 1>8 inc tructur$l $ngle iron or 1 inc x &?7? inc $ll teel tu#ing or 1&99? inc x &?58inc $ll $lu.inu. tu#ing&

(ii) idrails s+all be e0ui alent in strengt+ to 1 in,+ b 6 in,+ lu'ber or

1 1>4 inc x 1 1>4 inc x 1>8 inc tructur$l $ngle iron or 1 inc x &?7? inc $ll teel tu#ing or 1&99? inc x &?58 inc $ll $lu.inu. tu#ing&

(iii) "oeboards s+all be e0ui alent in strengt+ to 1 in,+ b in,+ lu'ber or

1 1>4 inc x 1 1>4 inc tructur$l $ngle iron or



1 inc x &?7? inc $ll teel tu#ing or 1&99? inc x &?58 inc $ll $lu.inu. tu#ing&

(i ) %osts s+all be e0ui alent in strengt+ to 2 in,+ b in,+ lu'ber or

1 1>4 inc x 1 1>4 inc x 1>8 tructur$l $ngle iron or

1 inc x &?7? inc $ll teel tu#ing or 1&99? inc x &?58 inc $ll $lu.inu. tu#ing&

( ) Distan,e between posts s+all not e ,eed 7 #eet.

(e) er+ead prote,tion s+all ,onsist o# 2 in,+ no'inal plan;ing laid tig+t/ or 5< -in,+ pl wood.

(#) S,reen installed between toeboards and 'idrails or toprails s+all ,onsist o# &o. 17 gaugeA.S. Standard wire one in,+ 'es+.

2. Spe,i#i, guidelines and tables.

(a) %ole S,a##olds.

"ingle ole ood ole "c$!!old<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = = = = = %ig t dut = %ig t dut = ediu. dut = He$ dut = u to 2? = u to 6? = u to 6? = u to 6? = !eet ig = !eet ig = !eet ig = !eet ig<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<< = = = =

$xi.u. intended = = = = lo$d = = = = (l# >!t(2))&&&&&&=25&&&&&&&&& =25&&&&&&&&& =5?&&&&&&&&&& =75 = = = =

ole or u rig t =2 x 4 in&&& =4 x 4 in&&& =4 x 4 in&&&& =4 x 6 in& = = = =

$xi.u. ole = = = = $cing = = = = (longitudin$l)&&&=6 !eet&&&&& =1? !eet&&&& =8 !eet&&&&&& =6 !eet = = = =

$xi.u. ole = = = = $cing = = = = (tr$n er e)&&&&&=5 !eet&&&&& =5 !eet&&&&& =5 !eet&&&&&& =5 !eet = = = =

unner &&&&&&&&&&&=1 x 4 in&&& =1 1>4 x 9 in=2 x 1? in&&& =2 x 1? in& = = = =0e$rer $nd = = = = .$xi.u. $cing = = = = o! #e$rer * = = = = = = = = 3 !eet&&&&&& =2 x 4 in&&& =2 x 4 in&&& =2 x 1? in&& =2 x 1? in& = = = or 3 x 4 in&= or 3 x 5 in& 5 !eet&&&&&& =2 x 6 in& or=2 x 6 in& or=2 x 1? in& or=2 x 1? in& =3 x 4 in&&& = 3 x 4 in&& = 3 x 4 in&&&&= or 3 x 5 in& = = (roug )& = =



6 !eet&&&&&& =&&&&&&&&&&& =&&&&&&&&&&& =2 x 1? in& or=2 x 1? in& = = = 3 x 4 in&&&&= or 3 x 5 in& 8 !eet&&&&&& =&&&&&&&&&&& =&&&&&&&&&&& =2 x 1? in& or= = = = 3 x 4 in&&&&=&&&&&&&&&& = = = =

l$nking&&&&&&&&&&=1 1>4 x 9 in=2 x 1? in&& =2 x 1? in&&&&=2 x 1? in& = = = =

$xi.u. ertic$l = = = = $cing o! = = = = ori;ont$l = = = = .e.#er & =7 !eet&&&&&&=9 !eet&&&&&&=7 !eet&&&&&&&=6 !t& 6 in& = = = =0r$cing = = = = ori;ont$l&&&& =1 x 4 in&&&&=1 x 4 in&&&&=1 x 6 in& or =2 x 4 in& = = = 1 1>4 x 4 in= = = = =0r$cing di$gon$l&&=1 x 4 in&&&&=1 x 4 in&&&&=1 x 4 in&&&&&=2 x 4 in& = = = =-ie+in &&&&&&&&&&&=1 x 4 in&&&&=1 x 4 in&&&&=1 x 4 in&&&&&=1 x 4 in&<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<

&ote ll 'e'bers e ,ept plan;ing are used on edge. ll wood bearers s+all be rein#or,edwit+ 5<16 2 in,+ steel strip/ or t+e e0ui alent/ se,ured to t+e lower edges #or t+e entirelengt+ o# t+e bearer.

Inde endent ood ole "c$!!old

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = = = = = %ig t dut = %ig t dut = ediu. dut = He$ dut = u to 2? = u to 6? = u to 6? = u to 6? = !eet ig = !eet ig = !eet ig = !eet ig

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<< = = = =$xi.u. intended = = = =

lo$d&&&&&&&&&& =25 l# >!t(2)=25 l# >!t(2)=5? l# >!t(2) =75 l# >!t(2)& = = = =

ole or u rig t =2 x 4 in&&&&=4 x 4 in&&&&=4 x 4 in&&&&&=4 x 4 in& = = = =

$xi.u. ole = = = = $cing = = = =(longitudin$l)& =6 !eet&&&&&&=1? !eet&&&&&=8 !eet&&&&&&&=6 !eet& = = = =

$xi.u. = = = = (tr$n er e)&& =6 !eet&&&&&&=1? !eet&&&&&=8 !eet&&&&&&&=8 !eet& = = = =

unner &&&&&&&&& =1 1>4 x 4 in=1 1>4 x 9 in=2 x 1? in&&&&=2 x 1? in& = = = =0e$rer $nd = = = = .$xi.u. $cing = = = = o! #e$rer * = = = = = = = = 3 !eet&&&&&& =2 x 4 in&&&&=2 x 4 in&&&&=2 x 1? in&&&&=2 x 1? in& = = = = (roug )& 6 !eet&&&&&& =2 x 6 in& or=2 x 1? in&& =2 x 1? in&&&&=2 x 1? in& = 3 x 4 in&&&= (roug ) or = = (roug )& = = 3 x 8 in& = =



8 !eet&&&&&& =2 x 6 in& or=2 x 1? in&& =2 x 1? in&&&&=&&&&&&&& = 3 x 4 in&&&= (roug ) or = = = = 3 x 8 in& = = 1? !eet&&&&& =2 x 6 in& or=2 x 1? in&& = = = 3 x 4 in&&&= (roug ) or = = = = 3 x 3 in&& =&&&&&&&&&&&&&=&&&&&&&& = = = =

l$nking&&&&&&&& =1 1>4 x 9 in=2 x 1? in&&&=2 x 1? in&&&&=2 x 1? in& = = = =

$xi.u. ertic$l = = = = $cing o! = = = = ori;ont$l = = = = .e.#er & =7 !eet&&&&&&=7 !eet&&&&&&=6 !eet&&&&&&&=6 !eet& = = = =0r$cing = = = = ori;ont$l&&&& =1 x 4 in&&&&=1 x 4 in&&&&=1 x 6 in& or =2 x 4 in& = = =1 1>4 x 4 in&=0r$cing di$gon$l&=1 x 4 in&&&&=1 x 4 in&&&&=1 x 4 in&&&&&=2 x 4 in& = = = =-ie+in &&&&&&&&& =1 x 4 in&&&&=1 x 4 in&&&&=1 x 4 in&&&&&=1 x 4 in&<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<

&ote ll 'e'bers e ,ept plan;ing are used on edge. ll wood bearers s+all be rein#or,edwit+ 5<16 2 in,+ steel strip/ or t+e e0ui alent/ se,ured to t+e lower edges #or t+e entirelengt+ o# t+e bearer.

(b) "ube and ,oupler s,a##olds.

ini.u. "i;e o! e.#er<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = = = = %ig t dut = ediu. dut = He$ dut

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = = =$xi.u. intended = = =

lo$d&&&&&&&&&&&&& =25 l# >!t(2) =5? l# >!t(2)&&&=75 l# >!t(2)& = = =

o t , runner $nd = = = #r$ce &&&&&&&&&&& =:o.in$l 2 in& =:o.in$l 2 in& =:o.in$l 2 in& =(1&9? inc e ) =(1&9? inc e ) =(1&9? inc e ) = B teel = B teel tu#e = B teel tu#e =tu#e or i e& =or i e& =or i e& = = =0e$rer &&&&&&&&&&&&=:o.in$l 2 in& =:o.in$l 2 in& =:o.in$l 2 1>2 in& =(1&9? inc e ) =(1&9? inc e )&&=(2&375 in&)& = = = = B teel tu#e = B teel tu#e = B teel tu#e =or i e $nd $ =or i e $nd $ =or i e $nd $ =.$xi.u. o t =.$xi.u. o t =.$xi.u. o t = $cing o! = $cing o! = $cing o! =4 !t& x 1? !t&=4 !t& x 7 !t& =6 !t& x 6 !t& = =or :o.in$l = = =2 1>2 in& = = =(2&375 in&)& = = = B teel tu#e = = =or i e $nd $ = = =.$xi.u. o t =



= = $cing o! = = =6 !t& x8 !t&(@)= = = =

$xi.u. runner = = = $cing = = = ertic$ll &&&&&&& =6 !t& 6 in&& =6 !t& 6 in&&&&&=6 !t& 6 in&<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

Footnote(@) 0e$rer $ll #e in t$lled in t e direction o! t eorter di.en ion&

&ote Longitudinal diagonal bra,ing s+all be installed at an angle o# 4 deg. (E<- 4 deg.).

$xi.u. :u.#er o! l$nked %e el<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = = = $xi.u. nu.#er o! = = $ddition$l l$nked le el = $xi.u. =<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<= eig t o! = %ig t = ediu. = He$ = c$!!old = dut = dut = dut = (in !eet)<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<< = = = =:u.#er o! orking %e el * = = = = 1&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& = 16 = 11 = 6 = 125 2&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& = 11 = 1 = ? = 125 3&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& = 6 = ? = ? = 125 4&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& = 1 = ? = ? = 125<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<

(,) Fabri,ated #ra'e s,a##olds. @e,ause o# t+eir pre#abri,ated nature/ no additionalguidelines or tables #or t+ese s,a##olds are being adopted in t+is ppendi .

(d) %lasterersG/ de,oratorsG/ and large area s,a##olds. "+e guidelines #or pole s,a##olds ortube and ,oupler s,a##olds ( ppendi (a) and (b)) 'a be applied.

(e) @ri,;la ersG s0uare s,a##olds.

a i'u' intended load 43 lb<#t.(2)(H)

<<<<<<<<<< Footnote(@) - e u$re $ll #e et not .ore t $n 8 !eet $ $rt !orlig t dut c$!!old $nd not .ore t $n 5 !eet $ $rt !or .ediu. dut

c$!!old &

$xi.u. idt * 5 !t&$xi.u. eig t* 5 !t&

'u et * 1 x 6 in&0r$ce * 1 x 8 in&%eg * 2 x 6 in&0e$rer ( ori;ont$l .e.#er )* 2 x 6 in&



= tri $ll #e $tt$c ed to t e ide = or under ide, !ull lengt &

ung &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&= ung $ll #e 1 1>8 inc .ini.u. = di$.eter it $t le$ t 7>8 inc in = di$.eter tenon , $nd t e .$xi.u. = $cing $ll #e 12 inc e to center& = -ie rod & = = :u.#er (.ini.u.)&&&&&&& =5&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&=6& Bi$.eter (.ini.u.)&&&&& =1>4 in&&&&&&&&&&&&&&=1>4 in&Flooring, .ini.u. !ini ed = = i;e&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& =1>2 x 2 3>4 in&&&&&&=1>2 x 2 3>4 in&<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

( ) %lan;-" pe %lat#or's. %lan;-t pe plat#or's s+all be ,o'posed o# not less t+an no'inal 2 7 in,+ unspli,ed plan;s/ ,onne,ted toget+er on t+e underside wit+ ,leats at inter als not

e ,eeding #eet/ starting 6 in,+es #ro' ea,+ end. bar or ot+er e##e,ti e 'eans s+all bese,urel #astened to t+e plat#or' at ea,+ end to pre ent t+e plat#or' #ro' slipping o## t+e+anger. "+e span between +angers #or plan;-t pe plat#or's s+all not e ,eed 13 #eet.

(4) @ea'-" pe %lat#or's. @ea' plat#or's s+all +a e side stringers o# lu'ber not less t+an 2 6 in,+es set on edge. "+e span between +angers s+all not e ,eed 12 #eet w+en bea'

plat#or's are used. "+e #looring s+all be supported on 2 6 in,+ ,ross bea's/ laid #lat andset into t+e upper edge o# t+e stringers wit+ a snug #it/ at inter als o# not 'ore t+an #eet/se,urel nailed to t+e ,ross bea's. Floor-boards s+all not be spa,ed 'ore t+an 1<2 in,+ apart.

(0)(1) ulti-point ad ustable suspension s,a##olds and stonesettersG 'ulti-point ad ustablesuspension s,a##olds. &o spe,i#i, guidelines or tables are gi en #or t+ese s,a##olds.

(0)(2) asonsG 'ulti-point ad ustable suspension s,a##olds. a i'u' intended load -- 43

lb<#t(2). !a,+ outrigger bea' s+all be at least a standard ? in,+/ 14.5 pound steel I-bea'/ atleast 14 #eet long. Su,+ bea's s+all not pro e,t 'ore t+an 6 #eet 6 in,+es be ond t+e bearing

point. B+ere t+e o er+ang e ,eeds 6 #eet 6 in,+es/ outrigger bea's s+all be ,o'posed o#stronger bea's or 'ultiple bea's.

(r) Catenar s,a##olds. (1) a i'u' intended load -- 433 lbs.

(2) &ot 'ore t+an two e'plo ees s+all be per'itted on t+e s,a##old at one ti'e.

(5) a i'u' ,apa,it o# ,o'e-along s+all be 2/333 lbs.

( ) erti,al pi,;ups s+all be spa,ed not 'ore t+an 43 #eet apart.

(4) Ropes s+all be e0ui alent in strengt+ to at least 1<2 in,+ (1.5 , ') dia'eter i'pro ed plowsteel wire rope.

(s) Float (s+ip) s,a##olds. (1) a i'u' intended load -- ?43 lbs.

(2) %lat#or's s+all be 'ade o# 5< in,+ pl wood/ e0ui alent in rating to 'eri,an %l woodsso,iation :rade @-@/ :roup I/ ! terior.



(5) @earers s+all be 'ade #ro' 2 in,+/ or 1 13 in,+ roug+ lu'ber. "+e s+all be #ree o#;nots and ot+er #laws.

( ) Ropes s+all be e0ui alent in strengt+ to at least 1 in,+ (2.4 ,') dia'eter #irst grade'anila rope.

(t) Interior +ung s,a##olds.0e$rer (u e on edge)* 2 x 1? in&

$xi.u. intended lo$d* $xi.u. $n25 l#>!t&(2)* 1? !t&5? l#>!t&(2)* 1? !t&75 l#>!t&(2)* 7 !t&

(u) E:eedle #e$. c$!!old &E

$xi.u. intended lo$d* 25 l#>!t&(2)0e$. * 4 x 6 in&

$xi.u. l$t!or. $n* 8 !t&$xi.u. #e$. $n* 1? !t&

(1) Ropes s+all be atta,+ed to t+e needle bea's b a s,a##old +it,+ or an e e spli,e. "+eloose end o# t+e rope s+all be tied b a bowline ;not or b a round turn and a +al# +it,+.

(2) Ropes s+all be e0ui alent in strengt+ to at least 1 in,+ (2.4 ,') dia'eter #irst grade'anila rope.

( ) ulti-le el suspension s,a##olds. &o additional guidelines or tables are being gi en #ort+ese s,a##olds.

(w) obile S,a##olds. Stabilit test as des,ribed in t+e &SI 92 series do,u'ents/ asappropriate #or t+e t pe o# s,a##old/ ,an be used to establis+ stabilit #or t+e purpose o#1926. 42(w)(6).

( ) Repair bra,;et s,a##olds. &o additional guidelines or tables are being gi en #or t+eses,a##olds.

( ) Stilts. &o spe,i#i, guidelines or tables are gi en.

(=) "an; builderGs s,a##old.

(1) "+e 'a i'u' distan,e between bra,;ets to w+i,+ s,a##olding and guardrail supports areatta,+ed s+all be no 'ore t+an 13 #eet 6 in,+es.

(2) &ot 'ore t+an t+ree e'plo ees s+all o,,up a 13 #eet 6 in,+ span o# s,a##old plan;ing atan ti'e.

(5) taut wire or s nt+eti, rope supported on t+e s,a##old bra,;ets s+all be installed at t+es,a##old plan; le el between t+e inner'ost edge o# t+e s,a##old plat#or' and t+e ,ur ed platestru,ture o# t+e tan; s+ell to ser e as a sa#et line in lieu o# an inner guardrail asse'bl



w+ere t+e spa,e between t+e s,a##old plat#or' and t+e tan; e ,eeds 12 in,+es (53. 7 ,'). Int+e e ent t+e open spa,e on eit+er side o# t+e rope e ,eeds 12 in,+es (53. 7 ,')/ a se,ondwire or s nt+eti, rope appropriatel pla,ed/ or guardrails in a,,ordan,e wit+ 1926. 41(e)( )/s+all be installed in order to redu,e t+at open spa,e to less t+an 12 in,+es (53. 7 ,').

( ) S,a##old plan;s o# roug+ #ull-di'ensioned 2-in,+ (4.1 ,') 12-in,+ (53.4 ,') Douglas

Fir or Sout+ern Jellow %ine o# Sele,t Stru,tural :rade s+all be used. Douglas Fir plan;ss+all +a e a #iber stress o# at least 1933 lb<in(2) (153/929 n<,'(2)) and a 'odulus o#elasti,it o# at least 1/933/333 lb<in(2) (153/929/333 n<,'(2))/ w+ile Jellow %ine plan;ss+all +a e a #iber stress o# at least 2433 lb<in(2) (1?2/2?4 n<,'(2)) and a 'odulus o#elasti,it o# at least 2/333/333 lb<in(2) (15?/723/333 n<,'(2)).

(4) :uardrails s+all be ,onstru,ted o# a taut wire or s nt+eti, rope/ and s+all be supported bangle irons atta,+ed to bra,;ets welded to t+e steel plates. "+ese guardrails s+all ,o'pl wit+1926. 41(e)( ). :uardrail supports s+all be lo,ated at no greater t+an 13 #eet 6 in,+ inter als.

61 FR 6324/ ug. 53/ 19968

Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)Criteria #or Deter'ining t+e Feasibilit o# %ro iding Sa#e ,,ess and Fall %rote,tion #orS,a##old !re,tors and Dis'antlers - 1926 Subpart L pp @


$ %art &u'ber 1926$ %art "itle Sa#et and *ealt+ Regulations #or Constru,tion$ Subpart L$ Subpart "itle S,a##olds$ Standard &u'ber 1926 Subpart L pp @$ "itle Criteria #or Deter'ining t+e Feasibilit o# %ro iding Sa#e

,,ess and Fall %rote,tion #or S,a##old !re,tors andDis'antlers

Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)List o# &ational Consensus Standards. - 1926 Subpart L pp C


$ %art &u'ber 1926$ %art "itle Sa#et and *ealt+ Regulations #or Constru,tion$ Subpart L$ Subpart "itle S,a##olds$ Standard &u'ber 1926 Subpart L pp C$ "itle List o# &ational Consensus Standards.





A:"I>"IA A92&2+199? e icle+ ounted Gle $ting $nd ot$ting Aeri$l Be iceA:"I>"IA A92&3+199? $nu$ll ro elled Gle $ting Aeri$l l$t!or.A:"I>"IA A92&5+199? 0oo. "u orted Gle $ting ork l$t!or.A:"I>"IA A92&6+199? "el!+ ro elled Gle $ting ork l$t!or.A:"I>"IA A92&7+199? Airline 'round "u ort e icle+ ounted ertic$l

%i!t Be iceA:"I>"IA A92&8+1993 e icle+ ounted 0ridge In ection $nd $inten$nce Be iceA:"I>"IA A92&9+1993 $ t+Cli.#ing ork l$t!or.

Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)List o# "raining "opi,s #or S,a##old !re,tors and Dis'antlers. - 1926 Subpart L pp D


$ %art &u'ber 1926$ %art "itle Sa#et and *ealt+ Regulations #or Constru,tion$ Subpart L$ Subpart "itle S,a##olds$ Standard &u'ber 1926 Subpart L pp D$ "itle List o# "raining "opi,s #or S,a##old !re,tors and

Dis'antlers.

"+is ppendi D is pro ided to ser e as a guide to assist e'plo ers w+en e aluating t+etraining needs o# e'plo ees ere,ting or dis'antling supported s,a##olds.

"+e gen, belie es t+at e'plo ees ere,ting or dis'antling s,a##olds s+ould be trained int+e #ollowing topi,s

@ 'ener$l er ie o! "c$!!olding

@ regul$tion $nd t$nd$rd @ erection>di .$ntling l$nning @ G $nd ro er rocedure @ !$ll rotection @ .$teri$l $ndling

@ $cce @ orking l$t!or. @ !ound$tion @ gu , tie $nd #r$ce

@ -u#ul$r elded Fr$.e "c$!!old

@ eci!ic regul$tion $nd t$nd$rd @ co. onent @ $rt in ection @ erection>di .$ntling l$nning




@ gu , tie $nd #r$ce @ !$ll rotection @ gener$l $!et @ $cce $nd l$t!or. @ erection>di .$ntling rocedure @ rolling c$!!old $ e.#l @ utlog

@ -u#e $nd Cl$. "c$!!old

@ eci!ic regul$tion $nd t$nd$rd @ co. onent @ $rt in ection @ erection>di .$ntling l$nning @ gu , tie $nd #r$ce @ !$ll rotection @ gener$l $!et @ $cce $nd l$t!or. @ erection>di .$ntling rocedure @ #uttre e , c$ntile er , D #ridge

@ " te. "c$!!old @ eci!ic regul$tion $nd t$nd$rd @ co. onent @ $rt in ection @ erection>di .$ntling l$nning @ gu , tie $nd #r$ce @ !$ll rotection @ gener$l $!et @ $cce $nd l$t!or. @ erection>di .$ntling rocedure @ #uttre e , c$ntile er , D #ridge

S,a##old ere,tors and dis'antlers s+ould all re,ei e t+e general o er iew/ and/ in addition/spe,i#i, training #or t+e t pe o# supported s,a##old being ere,ted or dis'antled.

Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)ut+orit #or 1926 Subpart - 1926 Subpart


$ %art &u'ber 1926$ %art "itle Sa#et and *ealt+ Regulations #or Constru,tion$ Subpart$ Subpart "itle Fall %rote,tion$ Standard &u'ber 1926 Subpart $ "itle ut+orit #or 1926 Subpart $ ppendi / @ / C / D / !




Authority: Se,. 13?/ Contra,t Bor; *ours and Sa#et Standards ,t (Constru,tion Sa#et,t) ( 3 A.S.C. 555) K / 6/ 7/ ,,upational Sa#et and *ealt+ ,t o# 19?3 (29 A.S.C. 645/

644/ 64?) Se,retar o# LaborGs rders &os. 1-93 (44 FR 9355)/ 6-96 (62 FR 111) and 5-2333 (64 FR 4331?)/ as appli,able/ and 29 CFR %art 1911.

49 FR 3?53/ ug. 9/ 199 63 FR 4151/ >an. 26/ 1994 63 FR 5924 / ug. 2/ 1994 66 FR

4264/ >an. 17/ 23318

Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)S,ope/ appli,ation/ and de#initions appli,able to t+is subpart. - 1926.433


$ %art &u'ber 1926$ %art "itle Sa#et and *ealt+ Regulations #or Constru,tion$ Subpart$ Subpart "itle Fall %rote,tion$ Standard &u'ber 1926.433$ "itle S,ope/ appli,ation/ and de#initions appli,able to t+is subpart.

1926.500(a)

Scope and application.

1926.500(a)(1)

"+is subpart sets #ort+ re0uire'ents and ,riteria #or #all prote,tion in ,onstru,tionwor;pla,es ,o ered under 29 CFR part 1926. ! ,eption "+e pro isions o# t+issubpart do not appl w+en e'plo ees are 'a;ing an inspe,tion/ in estigation/ orassess'ent o# wor;pla,e ,onditions prior to t+e a,tual start o# ,onstru,tion wor;or a#ter all ,onstru,tion wor; +as been ,o'pleted.

1926.500(a)(2)

Se,tion 1926.431 sets #ort+ t+ose wor;pla,es/ ,onditions/ operations/ and

,ir,u'stan,es #or w+i,+ #all prote,tion s+all be pro ided e ,ept as #ollows

1926.500(a)(2)(i)

Re0uire'ents relating to #all prote,tion #or e'plo ees wor;ing on s,a##olds are pro ided in subpart L o# t+is part.

1926.500(a)(2)(ii)




Re0uire'ents relating to #all prote,tion #or e'plo ees wor;ing on ,ertain ,ranesand derri,;s are pro ided in subpart & o# t+is part.

1926.500(a)(2)(iii)

Fall prote,tion re0uire'ents #or e'plo ees per#or'ing steel ere,tion wor;

(e ,ept #or towers and tan;s) are pro ided in subpart R o# t+is part.

1926.500(a)(2)(iv)

Se,tion 1926.432 does not appl to t+e ere,tion o# tan;s and ,o''uni,ation and broad,ast towers. (&ote Se,tion 1926.13 sets t+e ,riteria #or bod belts/lan ards and li#elines used #or #all prote,tion during tan; and ,o''uni,ation and

broad,ast tower ere,tion. %aragrap+s (b)/(,) and (#) o# K 1926.13? pro idede#initions #or t+e pertinent ter's.)

1926.500(a)(2)(v)

Re0uire'ents relating to #all prote,tion #or e'plo ees engaged in t+e ere,tion o#tan;s and ,o''uni,ation and broad,ast towers are pro ided in K 1926.134.

1926.500(a)(2)(vi)

Re0uire'ents relating to #all prote,tion #or e'plo ees engaged in t+e,onstru,tion o# ele,tri, trans'ission and distribution lines and e0uip'ent are

pro ided in subpart o# t+is part.

1926.500(a)(2)(vii)

Re0uire'ents relating to #all prote,tion #or e'plo ees wor;ing on stairwa s andladders are pro ided in subpart o# t+is part.

1926.500(a)(3)

Se,tion 1926.432 sets #ort+ t+e re0uire'ents #or t+e installation/ ,onstru,tion/and proper use o# #all prote,tion re0uired b part 1926/ e ,ept as #ollows

1926.500(a)(3)(i)

%er#or'an,e re0uire'ents #or guardrail s ste's used on s,a##olds and per#or'an,e re0uire'ents #or #alling ob e,t prote,tion used on s,a##olds are pro ided in subpart L o# t+is part.

1926.500(a)(3)(ii)

%er#or'an,e re0uire'ents #or stairwa s/ stairrail s ste's/ and +andrails are pro ided in subpart o# t+is part.



1926.500(a)(3)(iii)

dditional per#or'an,e re0uire'ents #or personal ,li'bing e0uip'ent/ line'anGs bod belts/ sa#et straps/ and lan ards are pro ided in Subpart o# t+is part.

1926.500(a)(3)(iv)

Se,tion 1926.432 does not appl to t+e ere,tion o# tan;s and ,o''uni,ation and broad,ast towers. (&ote Se,tion 1926.13 sets t+e ,riteria #or bod belts/lan ards and li#elines used #or #all prote,tion during tan; and ,o''uni,ation and

broad,ast tower ere,tion. %aragrap+s (b)/(,) and (#) o# K 1926.13? pro idede#initions #or t+e pertinent ter's.)

1926.500(a)(4)

Se,tion 1926.435 sets #ort+ re0uire'ents #or training in t+e installation and use o##all prote,tion s ste's/ e ,ept in relation to steel ere,tion a,ti ities.

1926.500(b)

Definitions .

Anchorage 'eans a se,ure point o# atta,+'ent #or li#elines/ lan ards orde,eleration de i,es.

Body belt (safety belt) 'eans a strap wit+ 'eans bot+ #or se,uring it about t+ewaist and #or atta,+ing it to a lan ard/ li#eline/ or de,eleration de i,e.

Body harness 'eans straps w+i,+ 'a be se,ured about t+e e'plo ee in a'anner t+at will distribute t+e #all arrest #or,es o er at least t+e t+ig+s/ pel is/waist/ ,+est and s+oulders wit+ 'eans #or atta,+ing it to ot+er ,o'ponents o# a

personal #all arrest s ste'.

Buckle 'eans an de i,e #or +olding t+e bod belt or bod +arness ,losedaround t+e e'plo eeGs bod .

Connector 'eans a de i,e w+i,+ is used to ,ouple (,onne,t) parts o# t+e personal#all arrest s ste' and positioning de i,e s ste's toget+er. It 'a be anindependent ,o'ponent o# t+e s ste'/ su,+ as a ,arabiner/ or it 'a be anintegral ,o'ponent o# part o# t+e s ste' (su,+ as a bu,;le or dee-ring sewn intoa bod belt or bod +arness/ or a snap-+oo; spli,ed or sewn to a lan ard or sel#-retra,ting lan ard).

Controlled access zone (CAZ) 'eans an area in w+i,+ ,ertain wor; (e.g./o er+and bri,;la ing) 'a ta;e pla,e wit+out t+e use o# guardrail s ste's/

personal #all arrest s ste's/ or sa#et net s ste's and a,,ess to t+e =one is,ontrolled.



Dangerous equip ent 'eans e0uip'ent (su,+ as pi,;ling or gal ani=ing tan;s/degreasing units/ 'a,+iner / ele,tri,al e0uip'ent/ and ot+er units) w+i,+/ as aresult o# #or' or #un,tion/ 'a be +a=ardous to e'plo ees w+o #all onto or intosu,+ e0uip'ent.

Deceleration de!ice 'eans an 'e,+anis'/ su,+ as a rope grab/ rip-stit,+

lan ard/ spe,iall -wo en lan ard/ tearing or de#or'ing lan ards/ auto'ati, sel#-retra,ting li#elines<lan ards/ et,./ w+i,+ ser es to dissipate a substantial a'ounto# energ during a #all arrest/ or ot+erwise li'it t+e energ i'posed on ane'plo ee during #all arrest.

Deceleration distance 'eans t+e additional erti,al distan,e a #alling e'plo eetra els/ e ,luding li#eline elongation and #ree #all distan,e/ be#ore stopping/ #ro't+e point at w+i,+ t+e de,eleration de i,e begins to operate. It is 'easured as t+edistan,e between t+e lo,ation o# an e'plo eeGs bod belt or bod +arnessatta,+'ent point at t+e 'o'ent o# a,ti ation (at t+e onset o# #all arrest #or,es) o#t+e de,eleration de i,e during a #all/ and t+e lo,ation o# t+at atta,+'ent pointa#ter t+e e'plo ee ,o'es to a #ull stop.

"qui!alent 'eans alternati e designs/ 'aterials/ or 'et+ods to prote,t against a+a=ard w+i,+ t+e e'plo er ,an de'onstrate will pro ide an e0ual or greaterdegree o# sa#et #or e'plo ees t+an t+e 'et+ods/ 'aterials or designs spe,i#iedin t+e standard.

#ailure 'eans load re#usal/ brea;age/ or separation o# ,o'ponent parts. Loadre#usal is t+e point w+ere t+e ulti'ate strengt+ is e ,eeded.

#ree fall 'eans t+e a,t o# #alling be#ore a personal #all arrest s ste' begins toappl #or,e to arrest t+e #all.

#ree fall distance 'eans t+e erti,al displa,e'ent o# t+e #all arrest atta,+'ent point on t+e e'plo eeGs bod belt or bod +arness between onset o# t+e #all and ust be#ore t+e s ste' begins to appl #or,e to arrest t+e #all. "+is distan,ee ,ludes de,eleration distan,e/ and li#eline<lan ard elongation/ but in,ludes ande,eleration de i,e slide distan,e or sel#-retra,ting li#eline<lan ard e tension

be#ore t+e operate and #all arrest #or,es o,,ur.

$uardrail syste 'eans a barrier ere,ted to pre ent e'plo ees #ro' #alling tolower le els.

%ole 'eans a gap or oid 2 in,+es (4.1 ,') or 'ore in its least di'ension/ in a#loor/ roo#/ or ot+er wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e.

&nfeasible 'eans t+at it is i'possible to per#or' t+e ,onstru,tion wor; using a,on entional #all prote,tion s ste' (i.e./ guardrail s ste'/ sa#et net s ste'/ or

personal #all arrest s ste') or t+at it is te,+nologi,all i'possible to use an oneo# t+ese s ste's to pro ide #all prote,tion.

'anyard 'eans a #le ible line o# rope/ wire rope/ or strap w+i,+ generall +as a



,onne,tor at ea,+ end #or ,onne,ting t+e bod belt or bod +arness to ade,eleration de i,e/ li#eline/ or an,+orage.

'eading edge 'eans t+e edge o# a #loor/ roo#/ or #or'wor; #or a #loor or ot+erwal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e (su,+ as t+e de,;) w+i,+ ,+anges lo,ation as additional#loor/ roo#/ de,;ing/ or #or'wor; se,tions are pla,ed/ #or'ed/ or ,onstru,ted.

leading edge is ,onsidered to be an unprote,ted side and edge during periodsw+en it is not a,ti el and ,ontinuousl under ,onstru,tion.

'ifeline 'eans a ,o'ponent ,onsisting o# a #le ible line #or ,onne,tion to anan,+orage at one end to +ang erti,all ( erti,al li#eline)/ or #or ,onne,tion toan,+orages at bot+ ends to stret,+ +ori=ontall (+ori=ontal li#eline)/ and w+i,+ser es as a 'eans #or ,onne,ting ot+er ,o'ponents o# a personal #all arrests ste' to t+e an,+orage.

'o slope roof 'eans a roo# +a ing a slope less t+an or e0ual to in 12 ( erti,alto +ori=ontal).

'o er le!els 'eans t+ose areas or sur#a,es to w+i,+ an e'plo ee ,an #all. Su,+areas or sur#a,es in,lude/ but are not li'ited to/ ground le els/ #loors/ plat#or's/ra'ps/ runwa s/ e ,a ations/ pits/ tan;s/ 'aterial/ water/ e0uip'ent/ stru,tures/or portions t+ereo#.

*echanical equip ent 'eans all 'otor or +u'an propelled w+eeled e0uip'entused #or roo#ing wor;/ e ,ept w+eelbarrows and 'op,arts.

+pening 'eans a gap or oid 53 in,+es (?6 ,') or 'ore +ig+ and 17 in,+es ( 7,') or 'ore wide/ in a wall or partition/ t+roug+ w+i,+ e'plo ees ,an #all to alower le el.

+!erhand bricklaying and related ork 'eans t+e pro,ess o# la ing bri,;s and'asonr units su,+ t+at t+e sur#a,e o# t+e wall to be ointed is on t+e oppositeside o# t+e wall #ro' t+e 'ason/ re0uiring t+e 'ason to lean o er t+e wall to,o'plete t+e wor;. Related wor; in,ludes 'ason tending and ele,tri,alinstallation in,orporated into t+e bri,; wall during t+e o er+and bri,;la ing

pro,ess.

,ersonal fall arrest syste 'eans a s ste' used to arrest an e'plo ee in a #all#ro' a wor;ing le el. It ,onsists o# an an,+orage/ ,onne,tors/ a bod belt or bod+arness and 'a in,lude a lan ard/ de,eleration de i,e/ li#eline/ or suitable,o'binations o# t+ese. s o# >anuar 1/ 1997/ t+e use o# a bod belt #or #all arrestis pro+ibited.

,ositioning de!ice syste 'eans a bod belt or bod +arness s ste' rigged toallow an e'plo ee to be supported on an ele ated erti,al sur#a,e/ su,+ as a wall/and wor; wit+ bot+ +ands #ree w+ile leaning.

-ope grab 'eans a de,eleration de i,e w+i,+ tra els on a li#eline andauto'ati,all / b #ri,tion/ engages t+e li#eline and lo,;s so as to arrest t+e #all o#



an e'plo ee. rope grab usuall e'plo s t+e prin,iple o# inertial lo,;ing/,a'<le el lo,;ing/ or bot+.

-oof 'eans t+e e terior sur#a,e on t+e top o# a building. "+is does not in,lude#loors or #or'wor; w+i,+/ be,ause a building +as not been ,o'pleted/te'poraril be,o'e t+e top sur#a,e o# a building.

-oofing ork 'eans t+e +oisting/ storage/ appli,ation/ and re'o al o# roo#ing'aterials and e0uip'ent/ in,luding related insulation/ s+eet 'etal/ and apor

barrier wor;/ but not in,luding t+e ,onstru,tion o# t+e roo# de,;.

Safety onitoring syste 'eans a sa#et s ste' in w+i,+ a ,o'petent person isresponsible #or re,ogni=ing and warning e'plo ees o# #all +a=ards.

Self retracting lifeline lanyard 'eans a de,eleration de i,e ,ontaining a dru'-wound line w+i,+ ,an be slowl e tra,ted #ro'/ or retra,ted onto/ t+e dru' underslig+t tension during nor'al e'plo ee 'o e'ent/ and w+i,+/ a#ter onset o# a#all/ auto'ati,all lo,;s t+e dru' and arrests t+e #all.

Snaphook 'eans a ,onne,tor ,o'prised o# a +oo;-s+aped 'e'ber wit+ anor'all ,losed ;eeper/ or si'ilar arrange'ent/ w+i,+ 'a be opened to per'itt+e +oo; to re,ei e an ob e,t and/ w+en released/ auto'ati,all ,loses to retaint+e ob e,t. Snap+oo;s are generall one o# two t pes

1926.500(b)(1)

"+e lo,;ing t pe wit+ a sel#-,losing/ sel#-lo,;ing ;eeper w+i,+ re'ains ,losedand lo,;ed until unlo,;ed and pressed open #or ,onne,tion or dis,onne,tion or

1926.500(b)(2)

"+e non-lo,;ing t pe wit+ a sel#-,losing ;eeper w+i,+ re'ains ,losed until pressed open #or ,onne,tion or dis,onne,tion. s o# >anuar 1/ 1997/ t+e use o# anon-lo,;ing snap+oo; as part o# personal #all arrest s ste's and positioningde i,e s ste's is pro+ibited.

Steep roof 'eans a roo# +a ing a slope greater t+an in 12 ( erti,al to+ori=ontal).

/oeboard 'eans a low prote,ti e barrier t+at will pre ent t+e #all o# 'aterialsand e0uip'ent to lower le els and pro ide prote,tion #ro' #alls #or personnel.

0nprotected sides and edges 'eans an side or edge (e ,ept at entran,es to points o# a,,ess) o# a wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e/ e.g./ #loor/ roo#/ ra'p/ or runwaw+ere t+ere is no wall or guardrail s ste' at least 59 in,+es (1.3 ') +ig+.

1alking orking surface 'eans an sur#a,e/ w+et+er +ori=ontal or erti,al onw+i,+ an e'plo ee wal;s or wor;s/ in,luding/ but not li'ited to/ #loors/ roo#s/ra'ps/ bridges/ runwa s/ #or'wor; and ,on,rete rein#or,ing steel but not



1926.501(b)

1926.501(b)(1)

Anprote,ted sides and edges. !a,+ e'plo ee on a wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e (+ori=ontal anderti,al sur#a,e) wit+ an unprote,ted side or edge w+i,+ is 6 #eet (1.7 ') or 'ore abo e a

lower le el s+all be prote,ted #ro' #alling b t+e use o# guardrail s ste's/ sa#et nets ste's/ or personal #all arrest s ste's.

..2345.672(b)(4)

1926.501(b)(2)

Leading edges.

1926.501(b)(2)(i)

!a,+ e'plo ee w+o is ,onstru,ting a leading edge 6 #eet (1.7 ') or 'ore abo e lower le elss+all be prote,ted #ro' #alling b guardrail s ste's/ sa#et net s ste's/ or personal #all arrests ste's. ! ,eption B+en t+e e'plo er ,an de'onstrate t+at it is in#easible or ,reates agreater +a=ard to use t+ese s ste's/ t+e e'plo er s+all de elop and i'ple'ent a #all

prote,tion plan w+i,+ 'eets t+e re0uire'ents o# paragrap+ (;) o# 1926.432.

&ote "+ere is a presu'ption t+at it is #easible and will not ,reate a greater +a=ard toi'ple'ent at least one o# t+e abo e-listed #all prote,tion s ste's. ,,ordingl / t+e e'plo er+as t+e burden o# establis+ing t+at it is appropriate to i'ple'ent a #all prote,tion plan w+i,+,o'plies wit+ 1926.432(;) #or a parti,ular wor;pla,e situation/ in lieu o# i'ple'enting ano# t+ose s ste's.

1926.501(b)(2)(ii)

!a,+ e'plo ee on a wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e 6 #eet (1.7 ') or 'ore abo e a lower le elw+ere leading edges are under ,onstru,tion/ but w+o is not engaged in t+e leading edgewor;/ s+all be prote,ted #ro' #alling b a guardrail s ste'/ sa#et net s ste'/ or personal #allarrest s ste'. I# a guardrail s ste' is ,+osen to pro ide t+e #all prote,tion/ and a ,ontrolleda,,ess =one +as alread been establis+ed #or leading edge wor;/ t+e ,ontrol line 'a be usedin lieu o# a guardrail along t+e edge t+at parallels t+e leading edge.

1926.501(b)(3)

*oist areas. !a,+ e'plo ee in a +oist area s+all be prote,ted #ro' #alling 6 #eet (1.7 ') or'ore to lower le els b guardrail s ste's or personal #all arrest s ste's. I# guardrails ste's/ or ,+ain/ gate/ or guardrail8 or portions t+ereo#/ are re'o ed to #a,ilitate t+e+oisting operation (e.g./ during landing o# 'aterials)/ and an e'plo ee 'ust lean t+roug+ t+ea,,ess opening or out o er t+e edge o# t+e a,,ess opening (to re,ei e or guide e0uip'ent and'aterials/ #or e a'ple)/ t+at e'plo ee s+all be prote,ted #ro' #all +a=ards b a personal #allarrest s ste'.



..2345.672(b)(8)

1926.501(b)(4)

*oles.

1926.501(b)(4)(i)

!a,+ e'plo ee on wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,es s+all be prote,ted #ro' #alling t+roug+ +oles(in,luding s; lig+ts) 'ore t+an 6 #eet (1.7 ') abo e lower le els/ b personal #all arrests ste's/ ,o ers/ or guardrail s ste's ere,ted around su,+ +oles.

1926.501(b)(4)(ii)

!a,+ e'plo ee on a wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e s+all be prote,ted #ro' tripping in or steppinginto or t+roug+ +oles (in,luding s; lig+ts) b ,o ers.

1926.501(b)(4)(iii)

!a,+ e'plo ee on a wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e s+all be prote,ted #ro' ob e,ts #alling t+roug++oles (in,luding s; lig+ts) b ,o ers.

1926.501(b)(5)

For'wor; and rein#or,ing steel. !a,+ e'plo ee on t+e #a,e o# #or'wor; or rein#or,ingsteel s+all be prote,ted #ro' #alling 6 #eet (1.7 ') or 'ore to lower le els b personal #allarrest s ste's/ sa#et net s ste's/ or positioning de i,e s ste's.

1926.501(b)(6)

Ra'ps/ runwa s/ and ot+er wal;wa s. !a,+ e'plo ee on ra'ps/ runwa s/ and ot+erwal;wa s s+all be prote,ted #ro' #alling 6 #eet (1.7 ') or 'ore to lower le els b guardrails ste's.

1926.501(b)(7)

! ,a ations.

1926.501(b)(7)(i)

!a,+ e'plo ee at t+e edge o# an e ,a ation 6 #eet (1.7 ') or 'ore in dept+ s+all be prote,ted#ro' #alling b guardrail s ste's/ #en,es/ or barri,ades w+en t+e e ,a ations are not readilseen be,ause o# plant growt+ or ot+er isual barrier

..2345.672(b)(9)(ii)

1926.501(b)(7)(ii)



!a,+ e'plo ee at t+e edge o# a well/ pit/ s+a#t/ and si'ilar e ,a ation 6 #eet (1.7 ') or 'orein dept+ s+all be prote,ted #ro' #alling b guardrail s ste's/ #en,es/ barri,ades/ or ,o ers.

1926.501(b)(8)

Dangerous e0uip'ent.

1926.501(b)(8)(i)

!a,+ e'plo ee less t+an 6 #eet (1.7 ') abo e dangerous e0uip'ent s+all be prote,ted #ro'#alling into or onto t+e dangerous e0uip'ent b guardrail s ste's or b e0uip'ent guards.

1926.501(b)(8)(ii)

!a,+ e'plo ee 6 #eet (1.7 ') or 'ore abo e dangerous e0uip'ent s+all be prote,ted #ro'#all +a=ards b guardrail s ste's/ personal #all arrest s ste's/ or sa#et net s ste's.

1926.501(b)(9)

er+and bri,;la ing and related wor;.

1926.501(b)(9)(i)

! ,ept as ot+erwise pro ided in paragrap+ (b) o# t+is se,tion/ ea,+ e'plo ee per#or'ingo er+and bri,;la ing and related wor; 6 #eet (1.7 ') or 'ore abo e lower le els/ s+all be

prote,ted #ro' #alling b guardrail s ste's/ sa#et net s ste's/ personal #all arrest s ste's/or s+all wor; in a ,ontrolled a,,ess =one.

1926.501(b)(9)(ii)

!a,+ e'plo ee rea,+ing 'ore t+an 13 in,+es (24 ,') below t+e le el o# t+ewal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e on w+i,+ t+e are wor;ing/ s+all be prote,ted #ro' #alling b aguardrail s ste'/ sa#et net s ste'/ or personal #all arrest s ste'.

&ote @ri,;la ing operations per#or'ed on s,a##olds are regulated b subpart L - S,a##oldso# t+is part.

..2345.672(b)(27)

1926.501(b)(10)

Roo#ing wor; on Low-slope roo#s. ! ,ept as ot+erwise pro ided in paragrap+ (b) o# t+isse,tion/ ea,+ e'plo ee engaged in roo#ing a,ti ities on low-slope roo#s/ wit+ unprote,tedsides and edges 6 #eet (1.7 ') or 'ore abo e lower le els s+all be prote,ted #ro' #alling bguardrail s ste's/ sa#et net s ste's/ personal #all arrest s ste's/ or a ,o'bination o#warning line s ste' and guardrail s ste'/ warning line s ste' and sa#et net s ste'/ orwarning line s ste' and personal #all arrest s ste'/ or warning line s ste' and sa#et'onitoring s ste'. r/ on roo#s 43-#eet (14.24 ') or less in widt+ (see ppendi to



subpart o# t+is part)/ t+e use o# a sa#et 'onitoring s ste' alone i.e. wit+out t+e warningline s ste'8 is per'itted.

1926.501(b)(11)

Steep roo#s. !a,+ e'plo ee on a steep roo# wit+ unprote,ted sides and edges 6 #eet (1.7 ')

or 'ore abo e lower le els s+all be prote,ted #ro' #alling b guardrail s ste's wit+toeboards/ sa#et net s ste's/ or personal #all arrest s ste's.

1926.501(b)(12)

%re,ast ,on,rete ere,tion. !a,+ e'plo ee engaged in t+e ere,tion o# pre,ast ,on,rete'e'bers (in,luding/ but not li'ited to t+e ere,tion o# wall panels/ ,olu'ns/ bea's/ and #loorand roo# tees ) and related operations su,+ as grouting o# pre,ast ,on,rete 'e'bers/ w+o is6 #eet (1.7 ') or 'ore abo e lower le els s+all be prote,ted #ro' #alling b guardrails ste's/ sa#et net s ste's/ or personal #all arrest s ste's/ unless anot+er pro ision in

paragrap+ (b) o# t+is se,tion pro ides #or an alternati e #all prote,tion 'easure. ! ,eption

B+en t+e e'plo er ,an de'onstrate t+at it is in#easible or ,reates a greater +a=ard to uset+ese s ste's/ t+e e'plo er s+all de elop and i'ple'ent a #all prote,tion plan w+i,+ 'eetst+e re0uire'ents o# paragrap+ (;) o# 1926.432.


..2345.672(b)(2:)

1926.501(b)(13)

Residential ,onstru,tion. !a,+ e'plo ee engaged in residential ,onstru,tion a,ti ities 6#eet (1.7 ') or 'ore abo e lower le els s+all be prote,ted b guardrail s ste's/ sa#et nets ste'/ or personal #all arrest s ste' unless anot+er pro ision in paragrap+ (b) o# t+is se,tion

pro ides #or an alternati e #all prote,tion 'easure. ! ,eption B+en t+e e'plo er ,ande'onstrate t+at it is in#easible or ,reates a greater +a=ard to use t+ese s ste's/ t+e e'plo ers+all de elop and i'ple'ent a #all prote,tion plan w+i,+ 'eets t+e re0uire'ents o#

paragrap+ (;) o# 1926.432.


1926.501(b)(14)

Ball openings. !a,+ e'plo ee wor;ing on/ at/ abo e/ or near wall openings (in,luding



t+ose wit+ ,+utes atta,+ed) w+ere t+e outside botto' edge o# t+e wall opening is 6 #eet (1.7') or 'ore abo e lower le els and t+e inside botto' edge o# t+e wall opening is less t+an 59in,+es (1.3 ') abo e t+e wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e/ s+all be prote,ted #ro' #alling b t+e useo# a guardrail s ste'/ a sa#et net s ste'/ or a personal #all arrest s ste'.

1926.501(b)(15)

Bal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,es not ot+erwise addressed. ! ,ept as pro ided in 1926.433(a)(2)or in 1926.431 (b)(1) t+roug+ (b)(1 )/ ea,+ e'plo ee on a wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e 6 #eet(1.7 ') or 'ore abo e lower le els s+all be prote,ted #ro' #alling b a guardrail s ste'/sa#et net s ste'/ or personal #all arrest s ste'.

1926.501(c)

%rote,tion #ro' #alling ob e,ts. B+en an e'plo ee is e posed to #alling ob e,ts/ t+ee'plo er s+all +a e ea,+ e'plo ee wear a +ard +at and s+all i'ple'ent one o# t+e #ollowing'easures

1926.501(c)(1)

!re,t toeboards/ s,reens/ or guardrail s ste's to pre ent ob e,ts #ro' #alling #ro' +ig+erle els or/

..2345.672(c)(4)

1926.501(c)(2)

!re,t a ,anop stru,ture and ;eep potential #all ob e,ts #ar enoug+ #ro' t+e edge o# t+e

+ig+er le el so t+at t+ose ob e,ts would not go o er t+e edge i# t+e were a,,identalldispla,ed or/

1926.501(c)(3)

@arri,ade t+e area to w+i,+ ob e,ts ,ould #all/ pro+ibit e'plo ees #ro' entering t+e barri,aded area/ and ;eep ob e,ts t+at 'a #all #ar enoug+ awa #ro' t+e edge o# a +ig+erle el so t+at t+ose ob e,ts would not go o er t+e edge i# t+e were a,,identall displa,ed.

Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)

Fall prote,tion s ste's ,riteria and pra,ti,es. - 1926.432


$ %art &u'ber 1926$ %art "itle Sa#et and *ealt+ Regulations #or Constru,tion$ Subpart$ Subpart "itle Fall %rote,tion




$ Standard &u'ber 1926.432$ "itle Fall prote,tion s ste's ,riteria and pra,ti,es.

1926.502(a)

:eneral.

1926.502(a)(1)

Fall prote,tion s ste's re0uired b t+is part s+all ,o'pl wit+ t+e appli,able pro isions o#t+is se,tion.

1926.502(a)(2)

!'plo ers s+all pro ide and install all #all prote,tion s ste's re0uired b t+is subpart #or ane'plo ee/ and s+all ,o'pl wit+ all ot+er pertinent re0uire'ents o# t+is subpart be#ore t+ate'plo ee begins t+e wor; t+at ne,essitates t+e #all prote,tion.

1926.502(b)

:uardrail s ste's. :uardrail s ste's and t+eir use s+all ,o'pl wit+ t+e #ollowing pro isions

1926.502(b)(1)

"op edge +eig+t o# top rails/ or e0ui alent guardrail s ste' 'e'bers/ s+all be 2 in,+es (1.1') plus or 'inus 5 in,+es (7 , ') abo e t+e wal;ing<wor;ing le el. B+en ,onditions warrant/t+e +eig+t o# t+e top edge 'a e ,eed t+e 4-in,+ +eig+t/ pro ided t+e guardrail s ste''eets all ot+er ,riteria o# t+is paragrap+.

&ote B+en e'plo ees are using stilts/ t+e top edge +eig+t o# t+e top rail/ or e0ui alent'e'ber/ s+all be in,reased an a'ount e0ual to t+e +eig+t o# t+e stilts.

..2345.674(b)(4)

1926.502(b)(2)

idrails/ s,reens/ 'es+/ inter'ediate erti,al 'e'bers/ or e0ui alent inter'ediate stru,tural'e'bers s+all be installed between t+e top edge o# t+e guardrail s ste' and t+ewal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e w+en t+ere is no wall or parapet wall at least 21 in,+es (45 ,')+ig+.

1926.502(b)(2)(i)

idrails/ w+en used/ s+all be installed at a +eig+t 'idwa between t+e top edge o# t+eguardrail s ste' and t+e wal;ing<wor;ing le el.



1926.502(b)(2)(ii)

S,reens and 'es+/ w+en used/ s+all e tend #ro' t+e top rail to t+e wal;ing<wor;ing le el andalong t+e entire opening between top rail supports.

1926.502(b)(2)(iii)

Inter'ediate 'e'bers (su,+ as balusters)/ w+en used between posts/ s+all be not 'ore t+an19 in,+es ( 7 ,') apart.

1926.502(b)(2)(iv)

t+er stru,tural 'e'bers (su,+ as additional 'idrails and ar,+ite,tural panels) s+all beinstalled su,+ t+at t+ere are no openings in t+e guardrail s ste' t+at are 'ore t+an 19 in,+es(.4 ') wide.

1926.502(b)(3)

:uardrail s ste's s+all be ,apable o# wit+standing/ wit+out #ailure/ a #or,e o# at least 233 pounds (793 &) applied wit+in 2 in,+es (4.1 ,') o# t+e top edge/ in an outward ordownward dire,tion/ at an point along t+e top edge.

..2345.674(b)(8)

1926.502(b)(4)

B+en t+e 233 pound (793 &) test load spe,i#ied in paragrap+ (b)(5) o# t+is se,tion is appliedin a downward dire,tion/ t+e top edge o# t+e guardrail s+all not de#le,t to a +eig+t less t+an

59 in,+es (1.3 ') abo e t+e wal;ing<wor;ing le el. :uardrail s ste' ,o'ponents sele,tedand ,onstru,ted in a,,ordan,e wit+ t+e ppendi @ to subpart o# t+is part will be dee'edto 'eet t+is re0uire'ent.

1926.502(b)(5)

idrails/ s,reens/ 'es+/ inter'ediate erti,al 'e'bers/ solid panels/ and e0ui alentstru,tural 'e'bers s+all be ,apable o# wit+standing/ wit+out #ailure/ a #or,e o# at least 143

pounds (666 &) applied in an downward or outward dire,tion at an point along t+e 'idrailor ot+er 'e'ber.

1926.502(b)(6)

:uardrail s ste's s+all be so sur#a,ed as to pre ent in ur to an e'plo ee #ro' pun,tures orla,erations/ and to pre ent snagging o# ,lot+ing.

1926.502(b)(7)

"+e ends o# all top rails and 'idrails s+all not o er+ang t+e ter'inal posts/ e ,ept w+ere



su,+ o er+ang does not ,onstitute a pro e,tion +a=ard.

1926.502(b)(8)

Steel banding and plasti, banding s+all not be used as top rails or 'idrails.

1926.502(b)(9)

"op rails and 'idrails s+all be at least one-0uarter in,+ (3.6 ,') no'inal dia'eter ort+i,;ness to pre ent ,uts and la,erations. I# wire rope is used #or top rails/ it s+all be #laggedat not 'ore t+an 6-#oot inter als wit+ +ig+- isibilit 'aterial.

..2345.674(b)(27)

1926.502(b)(10)

B+en guardrail s ste's are used at +oisting areas/ a ,+ain/ gate or re'o able guardrail

se,tion s+all be pla,ed a,ross t+e a,,ess opening between guardrail se,tions w+en +oistingoperations are not ta;ing pla,e.

1926.502(b)(11)

B+en guardrail s ste's are used at +oles/ t+e s+all be ere,ted on all unprote,ted sides oredges o# t+e +ole.

1926.502(b)(12)

B+en guardrail s ste's are used around +oles used #or t+e passage o# 'aterials/ t+e +ole

s+all +a e not 'ore t+an two sides pro ided wit+ re'o able guardrail se,tions to allow t+e passage o# 'aterials. B+en t+e +ole is not in use/ it s+all be ,losed o er wit+ a ,o er/ or aguardrail s ste' s+all be pro ided along all unprote,ted sides or edges.

1926.502(b)(13)

B+en guardrail s ste's are used around +oles w+i,+ are used as points o# a,,ess (su,+ asladderwa s)/ t+e s+all be pro ided wit+ a gate/ or be so o##set t+at a person ,annot wal;dire,tl into t+e +ole.

1926.502(b)(14)

:uardrail s ste's used on ra'ps and runwa s s+all be ere,ted along ea,+ unprote,ted sideor edge.

1926.502(b)(15)

anila/ plasti, or s nt+eti, rope being used #or top rails or 'idrails s+all be inspe,ted as#re0uentl as ne,essar to ensure t+at it ,ontinues to 'eet t+e strengt+ re0uire'ents o#



paragrap+ (b)(5) o# t+is se,tion.

..2345.674(c)

1926.502(c)

Sa#et net s ste's. Sa#et net s ste's and t+eir use s+all ,o'pl wit+ t+e #ollowing pro isions

1926.502(c)(1)

Sa#et nets s+all be installed as ,lose as pra,ti,able under t+e wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e onw+i,+ e'plo ees are wor;ing/ but in no ,ase 'ore t+an 53 #eet (9.1 ') below su,+ le el.B+en nets are used on bridges/ t+e potential #all area #ro' t+e wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e tot+e net s+all be unobstru,ted.

1926.502(c)(2)

Sa#et nets s+all e tend outward #ro' t+e outer'ost pro e,tion o# t+e wor; sur#a,e as#ollows

<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< = ertic$l di t$nce !ro. orking = ini.u. re uired ori;ont$l le el to ori;ont$l l$ne =di t$nce o! outer edge o! net o! net = !ro. t e edge o! t e orking = ur!$ce<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< =

to 5 !eet &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& = 8 !eet&

ore t $n 5 !eet u to 1? !eet &&&&&& = 1? !eet&ore t $n 1? !eet &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& = 13 !eet&<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<=<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<

1926.502(c)(3)

Sa#et nets s+all be installed wit+ su##i,ient ,learan,e under t+e' to pre ent ,onta,t wit+ t+esur#a,e or stru,tures below w+en sub e,ted to an i'pa,t #or,e e0ual to t+e drop test spe,i#iedin paragrap+ (,)( ) o# t+is se,tion.

1926.502(c)(4)

Sa#et nets and t+eir installations s+all be ,apable o# absorbing an i'pa,t #or,e e0ual to t+at produ,ed b t+e drop test spe,i#ied in paragrap+ (,)( )(i) o# t+is se,tion.

..2345.674(c)(8)(i)

1926.502(c)(4)(i)

! ,ept as pro ided in paragrap+ (,)( )(ii) o# t+is se,tion/ sa#et nets and sa#et net



installations s+all be drop-tested at t+e obsite a#ter initial installation and be#ore being usedas a #all prote,tion s ste'/ w+ene er relo,ated/ a#ter 'a or repair/ and at 6-'ont+ inter als i#le#t in one pla,e. "+e drop-test s+all ,onsist o# a 33 pound (173 ;g) bag o# sand 53 E or - 2in,+es (?6 E or - 4 ,') in dia'eter dropped into t+e net #ro' t+e +ig+est wal;ing<wor;ingsur#a,e at w+i,+ e'plo ees are e posed to #all +a=ards/ but not #ro' less t+an 2 in,+es (1.1') abo e t+at le el.

1926.502(c)(4)(ii)

B+en t+e e'plo er ,an de'onstrate t+at it is unreasonable to per#or' t+e drop-test re0uired b paragrap+ (,)( )(i) o# t+is se,tion/ t+e e'plo er (or a designated ,o'petent person) s+all,erti# t+at t+e net and net installation is in ,o'plian,e wit+ t+e pro isions o# paragrap+s(,)(5) and (,)( )(i) o# t+is se,tion b preparing a ,erti#i,ation re,ord prior to t+e net beingused as a #all prote,tion s ste'. "+e ,erti#i,ation re,ord 'ust in,lude an identi#i,ation o# t+enet and net installation #or w+i,+ t+e ,erti#i,ation re,ord is being prepared t+e date t+at itwas deter'ined t+at t+e identi#ied net and net installation were in ,o'plian,e wit+ paragrap+(,)(5) o# t+is se,tion and t+e signature o# t+e person 'a;ing t+e deter'ination and,erti#i,ation. "+e 'ost re,ent ,erti#i,ation re,ord #or ea,+ net and net installation s+all bea ailable at t+e obsite #or inspe,tion.

1926.502(c)(5)

De#e,ti e nets s+all not be used. Sa#et nets s+all be inspe,ted at least on,e a wee; #or wear/da'age/ and ot+er deterioration. De#e,ti e ,o'ponents s+all be re'o ed #ro' ser i,e.Sa#et nets s+all also be inspe,ted a#ter an o,,urren,e w+i,+ ,ould a##e,t t+e integrit o# t+esa#et net s ste'.

..2345.674(c)(5)

1926.502(c)(6)

aterials/ s,rap pie,es/ e0uip'ent/ and tools w+i,+ +a e #allen into t+e sa#et net s+all bere'o ed as soon as possible #ro' t+e net and at least be#ore t+e ne t wor; s+i#t.

1926.502(c)(7)

"+e 'a i'u' si=e o# ea,+ sa#et net 'es+ opening s+all not e ,eed 56 s0uare in,+es (253,') nor be longer t+an 6 in,+es (14 ,') on an side/ and t+e opening/ 'easured ,enter-to-,enter o# 'es+ ropes or webbing/ s+all not be longer t+an 6 in,+es (14 ,'). ll 'es+,rossings s+all be se,ured to pre ent enlarge'ent o# t+e 'es+ opening.

1926.502(c)(8)

!a,+ sa#et net (or se,tion o# it) s+all +a e a border rope #or webbing wit+ a 'ini'u' brea;ing strengt+ o# 4/333 pounds (22.2 ;&).

1926.502(c)(9)



Conne,tions between sa#et net panels s+all be as strong as integral net ,o'ponents and s+all be spa,ed not 'ore t+an 6 in,+es (14 ,') apart.

1926.502(d)

%ersonal #all arrest s ste's. %ersonal #all arrest s ste's and t+eir use s+all ,o'pl wit+ t+e

pro isions set #ort+ below. !##e,ti e >anuar 1/ 1997/ bod belts are not a,,eptable as part o#a personal #all arrest s ste'. &ote "+e use o# a bod belt in a positioning de i,e s ste' isa,,eptable and is regulated under paragrap+ (e) o# t+is se,tion.

1926.502(d)(1)

Conne,tors s+all be drop #orged/ pressed or #or'ed steel/ or 'ade o# e0ui alent 'aterials.

..2345.674(d)(4)

1926.502(d)(2)

Conne,tors s+all +a e a ,orrosion-resistant #inis+/ and all sur#a,es and edges s+all be s'oot+to pre ent da'age to inter#a,ing parts o# t+e s ste'.

1926.502(d)(3)

Dee-rings and snap+oo;s s+all +a e a 'ini'u' tensile strengt+ o# 4/333 pounds (22.2 ;&).

1926.502(d)(4)

Dee-rings and snap+oo;s s+all be proo#-tested to a 'ini'u' tensile load o# 5/633 pounds(16 ;&) wit+out ,ra,;ing/ brea;ing/ or ta;ing per'anent de#or'ation.

1926.502(d)(5)

Snap+oo;s s+all be si=ed to be ,o'patible wit+ t+e 'e'ber to w+i,+ t+e are ,onne,ted to pre ent unintentional disengage'ent o# t+e snap+oo; b depression o# t+e snap+oo; ;eeper b t+e ,onne,ted 'e'ber/ or s+all be a lo,;ing t pe snap+oo; designed and used to pre entdisengage'ent o# t+e snap+oo; b t+e ,onta,t o# t+e snap+oo; ;eeper b t+e ,onne,ted'e'ber. !##e,ti e >anuar 1/ 1997/ onl lo,;ing t pe snap+oo;s s+all be used.

1926.502(d)(6)

Anless t+e snap+oo; is a lo,;ing t pe and designed #or t+e #ollowing ,onne,tions/ snap+oo;ss+all not be engaged

1926.502(d)(6)(i)

dire,tl to webbing/ rope or wire rope

1926.502(d)(6)(ii)



to ea,+ ot+er

..2345.674(d)(5)(iii)

1926.502(d)(6)(iii)

to a dee-ring to w+i,+ anot+er snap+oo; or ot+er ,onne,tor is atta,+ed

1926.502(d)(6)(iv)

to a +ori=ontal li#eline or

1926.502(d)(6)(v)

to an ob e,t w+i,+ is in,o'patibl s+aped or di'ensioned in relation to t+e snap+oo; su,+t+at unintentional disengage'ent ,ould o,,ur b t+e ,onne,ted ob e,t being able to depresst+e snap+oo; ;eeper and release itsel#.

1926.502(d)(7)

n suspended s,a##olds or si'ilar wor; plat#or's wit+ +ori=ontal li#elines w+i,+ 'a be,o'e erti,al li#elines/ t+e de i,es used to ,onne,t to a +ori=ontal li#eline s+all be ,apableo# lo,;ing in bot+ dire,tions on t+e li#eline.

1926.502(d)(8)

*ori=ontal li#elines s+all be designed/ installed/ and used/ under t+e super ision o# a 0uali#ied person/ as part o# a ,o'plete personal #all arrest s ste'/ w+i,+ 'aintains a sa#et #a,tor o# at

least two.

1926.502(d)(9)

Lan ards and erti,al li#elines s+all +a e a 'ini'u' brea;ing strengt+ o# 4/333 pounds(22.2 ;&).

..2345.674(d)(27)

1926.502(d)(10)

1926.502(d)(10)(i)

! ,ept as pro ided in paragrap+ (d)(13)(ii) o# t+is se,tion/ w+en erti,al li#elines are used/ea,+ e'plo ee s+all be atta,+ed to a separate li#eline.

1926.502(d)(10)(ii)

During t+e ,onstru,tion o# ele ator s+a#ts/ two e'plo ees 'a be atta,+ed to t+e sa'eli#eline in t+e +oistwa / pro ided bot+ e'plo ees are wor;ing atop a #alse ,ar t+at is



e0uipped wit+ guardrails t+e strengt+ o# t+e li#eline is 13/333 pounds 4/333 pounds pere'plo ee atta,+ed8 ( . ;&) and all ot+er ,riteria spe,i#ied in t+is paragrap+ #or li#elines+a e been 'et.

1926.502(d)(11)

Li#elines s+all be prote,ted against being ,ut or abraded.

1926.502(d)(12)

Sel#-retra,ting li#elines and lan ards w+i,+ auto'ati,all li'it #ree #all distan,e to 2 #eet(3.61 ') or less s+all be ,apable o# sustaining a 'ini'u' tensile load o# 5/333 pounds (15.5;&) applied to t+e de i,e wit+ t+e li#eline or lan ard in t+e #ull e tended position.

1926.502(d)(13)

Sel#-retra,ting li#elines and lan ards w+i,+ do not li'it #ree #all distan,e to 2 #eet (3.61 ') orless/ ripstit,+ lan ards/ and tearing and de#or'ing lan ards s+all be ,apable o# sustaining a'ini'u' tensile load o# 4/333 pounds (22.2 ;&) applied to t+e de i,e wit+ t+e li#eline orlan ard in t+e #ull e tended position.

..2345.674(d)(28)

1926.502(d)(14)

Ropes and straps (webbing) used in lan ards/ li#elines/ and strengt+ ,o'ponents o# bod belts and bod +arnesses s+all be 'ade #ro' s nt+eti, #ibers.

1926.502(d)(15)

n,+orages used #or atta,+'ent o# personal #all arrest e0uip'ent s+all be independent o# anan,+orage being used to support or suspend plat#or's and ,apable o# supporting at least4/333 pounds (22.2 ;&) per e'plo ee atta,+ed/ or s+all be designed/ installed/ and used as#ollows

1926.502(d)(15)(i)

as part o# a ,o'plete personal #all arrest s ste' w+i,+ 'aintains a sa#et #a,tor o# at least

two and1926.502(d)(15)(ii)

under t+e super ision o# a 0uali#ied person.

1926.502(d)(16)

%ersonal #all arrest s ste's/ w+en stopping a #all/ s+all



1926.502(d)(16)(i)

li'it 'a i'u' arresting #or,e on an e'plo ee to 933 pounds ( ;&) w+en used wit+ a bod belt

1926.502(d)(16)(ii)

li'it 'a i'u' arresting #or,e on an e'plo ee to 1/733 pounds (7 ;&) w+en used wit+ a bod +arness

1926.502(d)(16)(iii)

be rigged su,+ t+at an e'plo ee ,an neit+er #ree #all 'ore t+an 6 #eet (1.7 ')/ nor ,onta,tan lower le el

..2345.674(d)(25)(i!)

1926.502(d)(16)(iv)

bring an e'plo ee to a ,o'plete stop and li'it 'a i'u' de,eleration distan,e an e'plo eetra els to 5.4 #eet (1.3? ') and/

1926.502(d)(16)(v)

+a e su##i,ient strengt+ to wit+stand twi,e t+e potential i'pa,t energ o# an e'plo ee #ree#alling a distan,e o# 6 #eet (1.7 ')/ or t+e #ree #all distan,e per'itted b t+e s ste'/w+i,+e er is less.

&ote I# t+e personal #all arrest s ste' 'eets t+e ,riteria and proto,ols ,ontained in ppendiC to subpart / and i# t+e s ste' is being used b an e'plo ee +a ing a ,o'bined personand tool weig+t o# less t+an 513 pounds (1 3 ;g)/ t+e s ste' will be ,onsidered to be in,o'plian,e wit+ t+e pro isions o# paragrap+ (d)(16) o# t+is se,tion. I# t+e s ste' is used ban e'plo ee +a ing a ,o'bined tool and bod weig+t o# 513 pounds (1 3 ;g) or 'ore/ t+ent+e e'plo er 'ust appropriatel 'odi# t+e ,riteria and proto,ols o# t+e ppendi to pro ide

proper prote,tion #or su,+ +ea ier weig+ts/ or t+e s ste' will not be dee'ed to be in,o'plian,e wit+ t+e re0uire'ents o# paragrap+ (d)(16) o# t+is se,tion.

1926.502(d)(17)

"+e atta,+'ent point o# t+e bod belt s+all be lo,ated in t+e ,enter o# t+e wearerGs ba,;. "+eatta,+'ent point o# t+e bod +arness s+all be lo,ated in t+e ,enter o# t+e wearerGs ba,; nears+oulder le el/ or abo e t+e wearerGs +ead.

1926.502(d)(18)

@od belts/ +arnesses/ and ,o'ponents s+all be used onl #or e'plo ee prote,tion (as part o#a personal #all arrest s ste' or positioning de i,e s ste') and not to +oist 'aterials.



1926.502(d)(19)

%ersonal #all arrest s ste's and ,o'ponents sub e,ted to i'pa,t loading s+all bei''ediatel re'o ed #ro' ser i,e and s+all not be used again #or e'plo ee prote,tion untilinspe,ted and deter'ined b a ,o'petent person to be unda'aged and suitable #or reuse.

1926.502(d)(20)

"+e e'plo er s+all pro ide #or pro'pt res,ue o# e'plo ees in t+e e ent o# a #all or s+allassure t+at e'plo ees are able to res,ue t+e'sel es.

..2345.674(d)(42)

1926.502(d)(21)

%ersonal #all arrest s ste's s+all be inspe,ted prior to ea,+ use #or wear/ da'age and ot+erdeterioration/ and de#e,ti e ,o'ponents s+all be re'o ed #ro' ser i,e.

1926.502(d)(22)

@od belts s+all be at least one and #i e-eig+t+s (1 4<7) in,+es ( .1 ,') wide.

1926.502(d)(23)

%ersonal #all arrest s ste's s+all not be atta,+ed to guardrail s ste's/ nor s+all t+e beatta,+ed to +oists e ,ept as spe,i#ied in ot+er subparts o# t+is %art.

1926.502(d)(24)

B+en a personal #all arrest s ste' is used at +oist areas/ it s+all be rigged to allow t+e'o e'ent o# t+e e'plo ee onl as #ar as t+e edge o# t+e wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e.

1926.502(e)

%ositioning de i,e s ste's. %ositioning de i,e s ste's and t+eir use s+all ,on#or' to t+e#ollowing pro isions

1926.502(e)(1)

%ositioning de i,es s+all be rigged su,+ t+at an e'plo ee ,annot #ree #all 'ore t+an 2 #eet(.9 ').

1926.502(e)(2)

%ositioning de i,es s+all be se,ured to an an,+orage ,apable o# supporting at least twi,e t+e potential i'pa,t load o# an e'plo eeGs #all or 5/333 pounds (15.5 ;&)/ w+i,+e er is greater.

1926.502(e)(3)



Conne,tors s+all be drop #orged/ pressed or #or'ed steel/ or 'ade o# e0ui alent 'aterials.

..2345.674(e)(8)

1926.502(e)(4)

Conne,tors s+all +a e a ,orrosion-resistant #inis+/ and all sur#a,es and edges s+all be s'oot+to pre ent da'age to inter#a,ing parts o# t+is s ste'.

1926.502(e)(5)

Conne,ting asse'blies s+all +a e a 'ini'u' tensile strengt+ o# 4/333 pounds (22.2 ;&)

1926.502(e)(6)

Dee-rings and snap+oo;s s+all be proo#-tested to a 'ini'u' tensile load o# 5/633 pounds(16 ;&) wit+out ,ra,;ing/ brea;ing/ or ta;ing per'anent de#or'ation.

1926.502(e)(7)

Snap+oo;s s+all be si=ed to be ,o'patible wit+ t+e 'e'ber to w+i,+ t+e are ,onne,ted to pre ent unintentional disengage'ent o# t+e snap+oo; b depression o# t+e snap+oo; ;eeper b t+e ,onne,ted 'e'ber/ or s+all be a lo,;ing t pe snap+oo; designed and used to pre entdisengage'ent o# t+e snap+oo; b t+e ,onta,t o# t+e snap+oo; ;eeper b t+e ,onne,ted'e'ber. s o# >anuar 1/ 1997/ onl lo,;ing t pe snap+oo;s s+all be used.

1926.502(e)(8)

Anless t+e snap+oo; is a lo,;ing t pe and designed #or t+e #ollowing ,onne,tions/ snap+oo;ss+all not be engaged

1926.502(e)(8)(i)

dire,tl to webbing/ rope or wire rope

1926.502(e)(8)(ii)

to ea,+ ot+er

..2345.674(e)(;)(iii)

1926.502(e)(8)(iii)

to a dee-ring to w+i,+ anot+er snap+oo; or ot+er ,onne,tor is atta,+ed

1926.502(e)(8)(iv)

to a +ori=ontal li#eline or



point w+ere t+e pat+ interse,ts t+e warning line ere,ted around t+e wor; area/ or t+e pat+s+all be o##set su,+ t+at a person ,annot wal; dire,tl into t+e wor; area.

1926.502(f)(2)

Barning lines s+all ,onsist o# ropes/ wires/ or ,+ains/ and supporting stan,+ions ere,ted as

#ollows

1926.502(f)(2)(i)

"+e rope/ wire/ or ,+ain s+all be #lagged at not 'ore t+an 6-#oot (1.7 ') inter als wit+ +ig+-isibilit 'aterial

..2345.674(f)(4)(ii)

1926.502(f)(2)(ii)

"+e rope/ wire/ or ,+ain s+all be rigged and supported in su,+ a wa t+at its lowest point(in,luding sag) is no less t+an 5 in,+es (.9 ') #ro' t+e wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e and its+ig+est point is no 'ore t+an 59 in,+es (1.3 ') #ro' t+e wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e

1926.502(f)(2)(iii)

#ter being ere,ted/ wit+ t+e rope/ wire/ or ,+ain atta,+ed/ stan,+ions s+all be ,apable o#resisting/ wit+out tipping o er/ a #or,e o# at least 16 pounds (?1 &) applied +ori=ontallagainst t+e stan,+ion/ 53 in,+es (.7 ') abo e t+e wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e/ perpendi,ular tot+e warning line/ and in t+e dire,tion o# t+e #loor/ roo#/ or plat#or' edge

1926.502(f)(2)(iv)

"+e rope/ wire/ or ,+ain s+all +a e a 'ini'u' tensile strengt+ o# 433 pounds (2.22 ;&)/ anda#ter being atta,+ed to t+e stan,+ions/ s+all be ,apable o# supporting/ wit+out brea;ing/ t+eloads applied to t+e stan,+ions as pres,ribed in paragrap+ (#)(2)(iii) o# t+is se,tion and

1926.502(f)(2)(v)

"+e line s+all be atta,+ed at ea,+ stan,+ion in su,+ a wa t+at pulling on one se,tion o# t+eline between stan,+ions will not result in sla,; being ta;en up in ad a,ent se,tions be#ore t+estan,+ion tips o er.

1926.502(f)(3)

&o e'plo ee s+all be allowed in t+e area between a roo# edge and a warning line unless t+ee'plo ee is per#or'ing roo#ing wor; in t+at area.

..2345.674(f)(8)

1926.502(f)(4)



e,+ani,al e0uip'ent on roo#s s+all be used or stored onl in areas w+ere e'plo ees are prote,ted b a warning line s ste'/ guardrail s ste'/ or personal #all arrest s ste'.

1926.502(g)

Controlled a,,ess =ones. Controlled a,,ess =ones See 1926.431(b)(9) and 1926.432(;)8

and t+eir use s+all ,on#or' to t+e #ollowing pro isions.

1926.502(g)(1)

B+en used to ,ontrol a,,ess to areas w+ere leading edge and ot+er operations are ta;ing pla,e t+e ,ontrolled a,,ess =one s+all be de#ined b a ,ontrol line or b an ot+er 'eans t+atrestri,ts a,,ess.

1926.502(g)(1)(i)

B+en ,ontrol lines are used/ t+e s+all be ere,ted not less t+an 6 #eet (1.7 ') nor 'ore t+an

24 #eet (?.? ') #ro' t+e unprote,ted or leading edge/ e ,ept w+en ere,ting pre,ast ,on,rete'e'bers.

1926.502(g)(1)(ii)

B+en ere,ting pre,ast ,on,rete 'e'bers/ t+e ,ontrol line s+all be ere,ted not less t+an 6 #eet(1.7 ') nor 'ore t+an 63 #eet (17 ') or +al# t+e lengt+ o# t+e 'e'ber being ere,ted/w+i,+e er is less/ #ro' t+e leading edge.

1926.502(g)(1)(iii)

"+e ,ontrol line s+all e tend along t+e entire lengt+ o# t+e unprote,ted or leading edge ands+all be appro i'atel parallel to t+e unprote,ted or leading edge.

..2345.674(g)(2)(i!)

1926.502(g)(1)(iv)

"+e ,ontrol line s+all be ,onne,ted on ea,+ side to a guardrail s ste' or wall.

1926.502(g)(2)

B+en used to ,ontrol a,,ess to areas w+ere o er+and bri,;la ing and related wor; are ta;ing pla,e

1926.502(g)(2)(i)

"+e ,ontrolled a,,ess =one s+all be de#ined b a ,ontrol line ere,ted not less t+an 13 #eet (5.1') nor 'ore t+an 14 #eet ( .4 ') #ro' t+e wor;ing edge.

1926.502(g)(2)(ii)



"+e ,ontrol line s+all e tend #or a distan,e su##i,ient #or t+e ,ontrolled a,,ess =one toen,lose all e'plo ees per#or'ing o er+and bri,;la ing and related wor; at t+e wor;ing edgeand s+all be appro i'atel parallel to t+e wor;ing edge.

1926.502(g)(2)(iii)

dditional ,ontrol lines s+all be ere,ted at ea,+ end to en,lose t+e ,ontrolled a,,ess =one.

1926.502(g)(2)(iv)

nl e'plo ees engaged in o er+and bri,;la ing or related wor; s+all be per'itted in t+e,ontrolled a,,ess =one.

1926.502(g)(3)

Control lines s+all ,onsist o# ropes/ wires/ tapes/ or e0ui alent 'aterials/ and supportingstan,+ions as #ollows

1926.502(g)(3)(i)

!a,+ line s+all be #lagged or ot+erwise ,learl 'ar;ed at not 'ore t+an 6-#oot (1.7 ')inter als wit+ +ig+- isibilit 'aterial.

..2345.674(g)(:)(ii)

1926.502(g)(3)(ii)

!a,+ line s+all be rigged and supported in su,+ a wa t+at its lowest point (in,luding sag) isnot less t+an 59 in,+es (1 ') #ro' t+e wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e and its +ig+est point is not'ore t+an 4 in,+es (1.5 ') 43 in,+es (1.5 ') w+en o er+and bri,;la ing operations are

being per#or'ed8 #ro' t+e wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e.

1926.502(g)(3)(iii)

!a,+ line s+all +a e a 'ini'u' brea;ing strengt+ o# 233 pounds (.77 ;&).

1926.502(g)(4)

n #loors and roo#s w+ere guardrail s ste's are not in pla,e prior to t+e beginning o#o er+and bri,;la ing operations/ ,ontrolled a,,ess =ones s+all be enlarged/ as ne,essar / toen,lose all points o# a,,ess/ 'aterial +andling areas/ and storage areas.

1926.502(g)(5)

n #loors and roo#s w+ere guardrail s ste's are in pla,e/ but need to be re'o ed to allowo er+and bri,;la ing wor; or leading edge wor; to ta;e pla,e/ onl t+at portion o# t+eguardrail ne,essar to a,,o'plis+ t+at da Gs wor; s+all be re'o ed.



1926.502(h)

Sa#et 'onitoring s ste's. Sa#et 'onitoring s ste's See 1926.431(b)(13) and1926.432(;)8 and t+eir use s+all ,o'pl wit+ t+e #ollowing pro isions

1926.502(h)(1)

"+e e'plo er s+all designate a ,o'petent person to 'onitor t+e sa#et o# ot+er e'plo eesand t+e e'plo er s+all ensure t+at t+e sa#et 'onitor ,o'plies wit+ t+e #ollowingre0uire'ents

1926.502(h)(1)(i)

"+e sa#et 'onitor s+all be ,o'petent to re,ogni=e #all +a=ards

..2345.674(h)(2)(ii)

1926.502(h)(1)(ii)

"+e sa#et 'onitor s+all warn t+e e'plo ee w+en it appears t+at t+e e'plo ee is unaware o#a #all +a=ard or is a,ting in an unsa#e 'anner

1926.502(h)(1)(iii)

"+e sa#et 'onitor s+all be on t+e sa'e wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e and wit+in isual sig+tingdistan,e o# t+e e'plo ee being 'onitored

1926.502(h)(1)(iv)

"+e sa#et 'onitor s+all be ,lose enoug+ to ,o''uni,ate orall wit+ t+e e'plo ee and

1926.502(h)(1)(v)

"+e sa#et 'onitor s+all not +a e ot+er responsibilities w+i,+ ,ould ta;e t+e 'onitorGsattention #ro' t+e 'onitoring #un,tion.

1926.502(h)(2)

e,+ani,al e0uip'ent s+all not be used or stored in areas w+ere sa#et 'onitoring s ste's

are being used to 'onitor e'plo ees engaged in roo#ing operations on low-slope roo#s.

1926.502(h)(3)

&o e'plo ee/ ot+er t+an an e'plo ee engaged in roo#ing wor; on low-sloped roo#s8 or ane'plo ee ,o ered b a #all prote,tion plan/ s+all be allowed in an area w+ere an e'plo ee is

being prote,ted b a sa#et 'onitoring s ste'.

1926.502(h)(4)



!a,+ e'plo ee wor;ing in a ,ontrolled a,,ess =one s+all be dire,ted to ,o'pl pro'ptlwit+ #all +a=ard warnings #ro' sa#et 'onitors.

..2345.674(i)

1926.502(i)

Co ers. Co ers #or +oles in #loors/ roo#s/ and ot+er wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,es s+all 'eett+e #ollowing re0uire'ents

1926.502(i)(1)

Co ers lo,ated in roadwa s and e+i,ular aisles s+all be ,apable o# supporting/ wit+out#ailure/ at least twi,e t+e 'a i'u' a le load o# t+e largest e+i,le e pe,ted to ,ross o er t+e,o er.

1926.502(i)(2)

ll ot+er ,o ers s+all be ,apable o# supporting/ wit+out #ailure/ at least twi,e t+e weig+t o#e'plo ees/ e0uip'ent/ and 'aterials t+at 'a be i'posed on t+e ,o er at an one ti'e.

1926.502(i)(3)

ll ,o ers s+all be se,ured w+en installed so as to pre ent a,,idental displa,e'ent b t+ewind/ e0uip'ent/ or e'plo ees.

1926.502(i)(4)

ll ,o ers s+all be ,olor ,oded or t+e s+all be 'ar;ed wit+ t+e word * L! or C !Rto pro ide warning o# t+e +a=ard.

&ote "+is pro ision does not appl to ,ast iron 'an+ole ,o ers or steel grates used onstreets or roadwa s.

1926.502(j)

%rote,tion #ro' #alling ob e,ts. Falling ob e,t prote,tion s+all ,o'pl wit+ t+e #ollowing pro isions

1926.502(j)(1)

"oeboards/ w+en used as #alling ob e,t prote,tion/ s+all be ere,ted along t+e edge o# t+eo er+ead wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e #or a distan,e su##i,ient to prote,t e'plo ees below.

..2345.674(<)(4)

1926.502(j)(2)



"oeboards s+all be ,apable o# wit+standing/ wit+out #ailure/ a #or,e o# at least 43 pounds(222 &) applied in an downward or outward dire,tion at an point along t+e toeboard.

1926.502(j)(3)

"oeboards s+all be a 'ini'u' o# 5 1<2 in,+es (9 ,') in erti,al +eig+t #ro' t+eir top edge to

t+e le el o# t+e wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e. "+e s+all +a e not 'ore t+an 1< in,+ (3.6 ,'),learan,e abo e t+e wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e. "+e s+all be solid or +a e openings not o er1 in,+ (2.4 ,') in greatest di'ension.

1926.502(j)(4)

B+ere tools/ e0uip'ent/ or 'aterials are piled +ig+er t+an t+e top edge o# a toeboard/ paneling or s,reening s+all be ere,ted #ro' t+e wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e or toeboard to t+etop o# a guardrail s ste'Gs top rail or 'idrail/ #or a distan,e su##i,ient to prote,t e'plo ees

below.

1926.502(j)(5)

:uardrail s ste's/ w+en used as #alling ob e,t prote,tion/ s+all +a e all openings s'allenoug+ to pre ent passage o# potential #alling ob e,ts.

1926.502(j)(6)

During t+e per#or'an,e o# o er+and bri,;la ing and related wor;

1926.502(j)(6)(i)

&o 'aterials or e0uip'ent e ,ept 'asonr and 'ortar s+all be stored wit+in #eet (1.2 ') o#t+e wor;ing edge.

..2345.674(<)(5)(ii)

1926.502(j)(6)(ii)

! ,ess 'ortar/ bro;en or s,attered 'asonr units/ and all ot+er 'aterials and debris s+all be;ept ,lear #ro' t+e wor; area b re'o al at regular inter als.

1926.502(j)(7)

During t+e per#or'an,e o# roo#ing wor;

1926.502(j)(7)(i)

aterials and e0uip'ent s+all not be stored wit+in 6 #eet (1.7 ') o# a roo# edge unlessguardrails are ere,ted at t+e edge.

1926.502(j)(7)(ii)



aterials w+i,+ are piled/ grouped/ or sta,;ed near a roo# edge s+all be stable and sel#-supporting.

1926.502(j)(8)

Canopies/ w+en used as #alling ob e,t prote,tion/ s+all be strong enoug+ to pre ent ,ollapse

and to pre ent penetration b an ob e,ts w+i,+ 'a #all onto t+e ,anop .

1926.502( )

Fall prote,tion plan. "+is option is a ailable onl to e'plo ees engaged in leading edgewor;/ pre,ast ,on,rete ere,tion wor;/ or residential ,onstru,tion wor; (See 1926.431(b)(2)/(b)(12)/ and (b)(15)) w+o ,an de'onstrate t+at it is in#easible or it ,reates a greater +a=ard touse ,on entional #all prote,tion e0uip'ent. "+e #all prote,tion plan 'ust ,on#or' to t+e#ollowing pro isions.

1926.502( )(1)

"+e #all prote,tion plan s+all be prepared b a 0uali#ied person and de eloped spe,i#i,all #ort+e site w+ere t+e leading edge wor;/ pre,ast ,on,rete wor;/ or residential ,onstru,tion wor;is being per#or'ed and t+e plan 'ust be 'aintained up to date.

..2345.674(k)(4)

1926.502( )(2)

n ,+anges to t+e #all prote,tion plan s+all be appro ed b a 0uali#ied person.

1926.502( )(3)

,op o# t+e #all prote,tion plan wit+ all appro ed ,+anges s+all be 'aintained at t+e obsite.

1926.502( )(4)

"+e i'ple'entation o# t+e #all prote,tion plan s+all be under t+e super ision o# a ,o'petent person.

1926.502( )(5)

"+e #all prote,tion plan s+all do,u'ent t+e reasons w+ t+e use o# ,on entional #all prote,tion s ste's (guardrail s ste's/ personal #all arrest s ste's/ or sa#et nets s ste's) arein#easible or w+ t+eir use would ,reate a greater +a=ard.

1926.502( )(6)

"+e #all prote,tion plan s+all in,lude a written dis,ussion o# ot+er 'easures t+at will be ta;ento redu,e or eli'inate t+e #all +a=ard #or wor;ers w+o ,annot be pro ided wit+ prote,tion



#ro' t+e ,on entional #all prote,tion s ste's. For e a'ple/ t+e e'plo er s+all dis,uss t+ee tent to w+i,+ s,a##olds/ ladders/ or e+i,le 'ounted wor; plat#or's ,an be used to pro idea sa#er wor;ing sur#a,e and t+ereb redu,e t+e +a=ard o# #alling.

1926.502( )(7)

"+e #all prote,tion plan s+all identi# ea,+ lo,ation w+ere ,on entional #all prote,tion'et+ods ,annot be used. "+ese lo,ations s+all t+en be ,lassi#ied as ,ontrolled a,,ess =onesand t+e e'plo er 'ust ,o'pl wit+ t+e ,riteria in paragrap+ (g) o# t+is se,tion.

..2345.674(k)(;)

1926.502( )(8)

B+ere no ot+er alternati e 'easure +as been i'ple'ented/ t+e e'plo er s+all i'ple'ent asa#et 'onitoring s ste' in ,on#or'an,e wit+ 1926.432(+).

1926.502( )(9)

"+e #all prote,tion plan 'ust in,lude a state'ent w+i,+ pro ides t+e na'e or ot+er 'et+odo# identi#i,ation #or ea,+ e'plo ee w+o is designated to wor; in ,ontrolled a,,ess =ones. &oot+er e'plo ees 'a enter ,ontrolled a,,ess =ones.

1926.502( )(10)

In t+e e ent an e'plo ee #alls/ or so'e ot+er related/ serious in,ident o,,urs/ (e.g./ a near'iss) t+e e'plo er s+all in estigate t+e ,ir,u'stan,es o# t+e #all or ot+er in,ident todeter'ine i# t+e #all prote,tion plan needs to be ,+anged (e.g. new pra,ti,es/ pro,edures/ or

training) and s+all i'ple'ent t+ose ,+anges to pre ent si'ilar t pes o# #alls or in,idents.

Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)"raining re0uire'ents. - 1926.435


$ %art &u'ber 1926$ %art "itle Sa#et and *ealt+ Regulations #or Constru,tion$ Subpart$ Subpart "itle Fall %rote,tion$ Standard &u'ber 1926.435$ "itle "raining re0uire'ents.

"+e #ollowing training pro isions supple'ent and ,lari# t+e re0uire'ents o# 1926.21regarding t+e +a=ards addressed in subpart o# t+is part.




1926.503(a)

"raining %rogra'.

1926.503(a)(1)

"+e e'plo er s+all pro ide a training progra' #or ea,+ e'plo ee w+o 'ig+t be e posed to#all +a=ards. "+e progra' s+all enable ea,+ e'plo ee to re,ogni=e t+e +a=ards o# #alling ands+all train ea,+ e'plo ee in t+e pro,edures to be #ollowed in order to 'ini'i=e t+ese+a=ards.

1926.503(a)(2)

"+e e'plo er s+all assure t+at ea,+ e'plo ee +as been trained/ as ne,essar / b a ,o'petent person 0uali#ied in t+e #ollowing areas

1926.503(a)(2)(i)

"+e nature o# #all +a=ards in t+e wor; area

1926.503(a)(2)(ii)

"+e ,orre,t pro,edures #or ere,ting/ 'aintaining/ disasse'bling/ and inspe,ting t+e #all prote,tion s ste's to be used

1926.503(a)(2)(iii)

"+e use and operation o# guardrail s ste's/ personal #all arrest s ste's/ sa#et net s ste's/

warning line s ste's/ sa#et 'onitoring s ste's/ ,ontrolled a,,ess =ones/ and ot+er prote,tion to be used

1926.503(a)(2)(iv)

"+e role o# ea,+ e'plo ee in t+e sa#et 'onitoring s ste' w+en t+is s ste' is used

..2345.67:(a)(4)(!)

1926.503(a)(2)(v)

"+e li'itations on t+e use o# 'e,+ani,al e0uip'ent during t+e per#or'an,e o# roo#ing wor;on low-sloped roo#s

1926.503(a)(2)(vi)

"+e ,orre,t pro,edures #or t+e +andling and storage o# e0uip'ent and 'aterials and t+eere,tion o# o er+ead prote,tion and



1926.503(a)(2)(vii)

"+e role o# e'plo ees in #all prote,tion plans

1926.503(a)(2)(viii)

"+e standards ,ontained in t+is subpart.

1926.503(b)

Certi#i,ation o# training.

1926.503(b)(1)

"+e e'plo er s+all eri# ,o'plian,e wit+ paragrap+ (a) o# t+is se,tion b preparing awritten ,erti#i,ation re,ord. "+e written ,erti#i,ation re,ord s+all ,ontain t+e na'e or ot+eridentit o# t+e e'plo ee trained/ t+e date(s) o# t+e training/ and t+e signature o# t+e person

w+o ,ondu,ted t+e training or t+e signature o# t+e e'plo er. I# t+e e'plo er relies ontraining ,ondu,ted b anot+er e'plo er or ,o'pleted prior to t+e e##e,ti e date o# t+isse,tion/ t+e ,erti#i,ation re,ord s+all indi,ate t+e date t+e e'plo er deter'ined t+e priortraining was ade0uate rat+er t+an t+e date o# a,tual training.

1926.503(b)(2)

"+e latest training ,erti#i,ation s+all be 'aintained.

..2345.67:(c)

1926.503(c)

Retraining. B+en t+e e'plo er +as reason to belie e t+at an a##e,ted e'plo ee w+o +asalread been trained does not +a e t+e understanding and s;ill re0uired b paragrap+ (a) o#t+is se,tion/ t+e e'plo er s+all retrain ea,+ su,+ e'plo ee. Cir,u'stan,es w+ere retrainingis re0uired in,lude/ but are not li'ited to/ situations w+ere

1926.503(c)(1)

C+anges in t+e wor;pla,e render pre ious training obsolete or

1926.503(c)(2)

C+anges in t+e t pes o# #all prote,tion s ste's or e0uip'ent to be used render pre ioustraining obsolete or

1926.503(c)(3)

Inade0ua,ies in an a##e,ted e'plo eeGs ;nowledge or use o# #all prote,tion s ste's or



roo#s 'ust be ,onsidered on an indi idual basis/ as s+own in ! a'ple F.

Gx$. le A ect$ngul$r " $ ed oo!(For Gx$. le A, Click Here )

Gx$. le 0 "lo ed ect$ngul$r " $ ed oo!(For Gx$. le 0, Click Here )

Gx$. le C Irregul$rl " $ ed oo! it ect$ngul$r " $ ed "ection

Su,+ roo#s are to be di ided into sub-areas b using di iding lines o# 'ini'u' lengt+ to'ini'i=e t+e si=e and nu'ber o# t+e areas w+i,+ are potentiall less t+an or e0ual to 43 #eet(14.24 'eters) in widt+/ in order to li'it t+e si=e o# roo# areas w+ere t+e sa#et 'onitorings ste' alone ,an be used 1926.432(b)(13)8. Dotted lines are used in t+e e a'ples to s+owt+e lo,ation o# di iding lines. B denotes in,orre,t 'easure'ents o# widt+.

(For Gx$. le C, Click Here )

Gx$. le B "e $r$te, :on+Contiguou oo! Are$(For Gx$. le B, Click Here )

Gx$. le G oo! it ent ou e , en Court $rd , Addition$l Floor , etc&

Su,+ roo#s are to be di ided into sub-areas b using di iding lines o# 'ini'u' lengt+ to'ini'i=e t+e si=e and nu'ber o# t+e areas w+i,+ are potentiall less t+an or e0ual to 43 #eet(14.24 'eters) in widt+/ in order to li'it t+e si=e o# roo# areas w+ere t+e sa#et 'onitorings ste' alone ,an be used 1926.432(b)(13)8. Dotted lines are used in t+e e a'ples to s+owt+e lo,ation o# di iding lines. B denotes in,orre,t 'easure'ents o# widt+.

(For Gx$. le G, Click Here )

Gx$. le F Irregul$r, :on+ ect$ngul$r " $ ed oo!(For Gx$. le F, Click Here )

49 FR 3?57/ ug. 9/ 199 63 FR 4151/ >an. 26/ 19948

&e t Standard (1926 Subpart pp @)

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Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR):uardrail S ste's - &on- andator :uidelines #or Co'pl ing wit+ 1926.432(b) - 1926Subpart pp @


$ %art &u'ber 1926$ %art "itle Sa#et and *ealt+ Regulations #or Constru,tion$ Subpart$ Subpart "itle Fall %rote,tion$ Standard &u'ber 1926 Subpart pp @$ "itle :uardrail S ste's - &on- andator :uidelines #or

Co'pl ing wit+ 1926.432(b)

"+e standard re0uires guardrail s ste's and ,o'ponents to be designed and built to 'eet t+e

re0uire'ents o# 1926.432(b)(5)/ ( )/ and (4). "+is ppendi ser es as a non-'andatorguideline to assist e'plo ers in ,o'pl ing wit+ t+ese re0uire'ents. n e'plo er 'a uset+ese guidelines as a starting point #or designing guardrail s ste's. *owe er/ t+e guidelinesdo not pro ide all t+e in#or'ation ne,essar to build a ,o'plete s ste'/ and t+e e'plo er isstill responsible #or designing and asse'bling t+ese ,o'ponents in su,+ a wa t+at t+e,o'pleted s ste' will 'eet t+e re0uire'ents o# 1926.432(b)(5)/ ( )/ and (4). Co'ponents#or w+i,+ no spe,i#i, guidelines are gi en in t+is ppendi (e.g./ oints/ base ,onne,tions/,o'ponents 'ade wit+ ot+er 'aterials/ and ,o'ponents wit+ ot+er di'ensions) 'ust also bedesigned and ,onstru,ted in su,+ a wa t+at t+e ,o'pleted s ste' 'eets t+e re0uire'ents o#1926.432.

(1) For wood railings Bood ,o'ponents s+all be 'ini'u' 1433 lb-#t<in(2) #iber (stressgrade) ,onstru,tion grade lu'ber t+e posts s+all be at least 2-in,+ b -in,+ (4 , ' 13 ,')lu'ber spa,ed not 'ore t+an 7 #eet (2. ') apart on ,enters t+e top rail s+all be at least 2-in,+ b -in,+ (4 , ' 13 ,') lu'ber/ t+e inter'ediate rail s+all be at least 1-in,+ b 6-in,+(2.4 ,' 14 ,') lu'ber. ll lu'ber di'ensions are no'inal si=es as pro ided b t+e

'eri,an So#twood Lu'ber Standards/ dated >anuar 19?3.

(2) For pipe railings posts/ top rails/ and inter'ediate railings s+all be at least one and one-+al# in,+es no'inal dia'eter (s,+edule 3 pipe) wit+ posts spa,ed not 'ore t+an 7 #eet (2.') apart on ,enters.

(5) For stru,tural steel railings posts/ top rails/ and inter'ediate rails s+all be at least 2-in,+ b 2-in,+ (4 ,' 13 ,') b 5<7-in,+ (1.1 ,') angles/ wit+ posts spa,ed not 'ore t+an 7 #eet(2. ') apart on ,enters.

Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)%ersonal Fall rrest S ste's - &on- andator :uidelines #or Co'pl ing wit+ 1926.432(d) -1926 Subpart pp C




se,tion.)

(2) "+e test ,onsists o# dropping t+e test weig+t on,e. new unused s ste' s+ould be used#or ea,+ test.

(5) For lan ard s ste's/ t+e lan ard lengt+ s+ould be 6 #eet plus or 'inus 2 in,+es (1.75 '

plus or 'inus 4 ,') as 'easured #ro' t+e #i ed an,+orage to t+e atta,+'ent on t+e bod beltor bod +arness.

( ) For rope-grab-t pe de,eleration s ste's/ t+e lengt+ o# t+e li#eline abo e t+e ,enterline o#t+e grabbing 'e,+anis' to t+e li#elineGs an,+orage point s+ould not e ,eed 2 #eet (3.61 ').

(4) For lan ard s ste's/ #or s ste's wit+ de,eleration de i,es w+i,+ do not auto'ati,allli'it #ree #all distan,e to 2 #eet (3.61 ' ) or less/ and #or s ste's wit+ de,eleration de i,esw+i,+ +a e a ,onne,tion distan,e in e ,ess o# 1 #oot (3.5 ') ('easured between t+e,enterline o# t+e li#eline and t+e atta,+'ent point to t+e bod belt or +arness)/ t+e test weig+ts+ould be rigged to #ree #all a distan,e o# ?.4 #eet (2.5 ') #ro' a point t+at is 1.4 #eet (. 6 ')

abo e t+e an,+orage point/ to its +anging lo,ation (6 #eet below t+e an,+orage). "+e testweig+t s+ould #all wit+out inter#eren,e/ obstru,tion/ or +itting t+e #loor or ground during t+etest. In so'e ,ases a non-elasti, wire lan ard o# su##i,ient lengt+ 'a need to be added to t+es ste' (#or test purposes) to ,reate t+e ne,essar #ree #all distan,e.

(6) For de,eleration de i,e s ste's wit+ integral li#elines or lan ards w+i,+ auto'ati,allli'it #ree #all distan,e to 2 #eet (3.61 ') or less/ t+e test weig+t s+ould be rigged to #ree #all adistan,e o# #eet (1.22 ').

(?) n weig+t w+i,+ deta,+es #ro' t+e belt or +arness +as #ailed t+e strengt+ test.

(d) For,e test - (1) :eneral. "+e test ,onsists o# dropping t+e respe,ti e test weig+t on,eas spe,i#ied in paragrap+ (d)(2)(i) or (d)(5)(i) o# t+is se,tion. new/ unused s ste' s+ould be used #or ea,+ test.

(2) For lan ard s ste's. (i) test weig+t o# 223 pounds plus or 'inus 5 pounds (133 ;g plus or 'inus 1.6 ;g) s+ould be used. (See paragrap+ (b)( ) o# t+is appendi ).

(ii) Lan ard lengt+ s+ould be 6 #eet plus or 'inus two in,+es (1.75 ' plus or 'inus 4 ,') as'easured #ro' t+e #i ed an,+orage to t+e atta,+'ent on t+e bod belt or bod +arness.

(iii) "+e test weig+t s+ould #all #ree #ro' t+e an,+orage le el to its +anging lo,ation (a total

o# 6 #eet (1.75 ') #ree #all distan,e) wit+out inter#eren,e/ obstru,tion/ or +itting t+e #loor orground during t+e test.

(5) For all ot+er s ste's. (i) test weig+t o# 223 pounds plus or 'inus 5 pounds (133 ;g plus or 'inus 1.6 ;g) s+ould be used. (See paragrap+ (b)( ) o# t+is appendi )

(ii) "+e #ree #all distan,e to be used in t+e test s+ould be t+e 'a i'u' #all distan,e p+ si,all per'itted b t+e s ste' during nor'al use ,onditions/ up to a 'a i'u' #ree #all



distan,e #or t+e test weig+t o# 6 #eet (1.75 ')/ e ,ept as #ollows

( ) For de,eleration s ste's w+i,+ +a e a ,onne,tion lin; or lan ard/ t+e test weig+t s+ould#ree #all a distan,e e0ual to t+e ,onne,tion distan,e ('easured between t+e ,enterline o# t+eli#eline and t+e atta,+'ent point to t+e bod belt or +arness).

(@) For de,eleration de i,e s ste's wit+ integral li#elines or lan ards w+i,+ auto'ati,allli'it #ree #all distan,e to 2 #eet (3.61 ') or less/ t+e test weig+t s+ould #ree #all a distan,ee0ual to t+at per'itted b t+e s ste' in nor'al use. (For e a'ple/ to test a s ste' wit+ asel#-retra,ting li#eline or lan ard/ t+e test weig+t s+ould be supported and t+e s ste' allowedto retra,t t+e li#eline or lan ard as it would in nor'al use. "+e test weig+t would t+en bereleased and t+e #or,e and de,eleration distan,e 'easured).

( ) s ste' #ails t+e #or,e test i# t+e re,orded 'a i'u' arresting #or,e e ,eeds 1/263 pounds (4.6 ;&) w+en using a bod belt/ and<or e ,eeds 2/423 pounds (11.2 ;&) w+en usinga bod +arness.

(4) "+e 'a i'u' elongation and de,eleration distan,e s+ould be re,orded during t+e #or,etest.

(e) De,eleration de i,e tests. (1) :eneral. "+e de i,e s+ould be e aluated or tested undert+e en iron'ental ,onditions/ (su,+ as rain/ i,e/ grease/ dirt/ t pe o# li#eline/ et,.)/ #or w+i,+t+e de i,e is designed.

(2) Rope-grab-t pe de,eleration de i,es. (i) De i,es s+ould be 'o ed on a li#eline 1/333ti'es o er t+e sa'e lengt+ o# line a distan,e o# not less t+an 1 #oot (53.4 ,')/ and t+e'e,+anis' s+ould lo,; ea,+ ti'e.

(ii) Anless t+e de i,e is per'anentl 'ar;ed to indi,ate t+e t pe(s) o# li#eline w+i,+ 'ust beused/ se eral t pes (di##erent dia'eters and di##erent 'aterials)/ o# li#elines s+ould be used totest t+e de i,e.

(5) t+er sel#-a,ti ating-t pe de,eleration de i,es. "+e lo,;ing 'e,+anis's o# ot+er sel#-a,ti ating-t pe de,eleration de i,es designed #or 'ore t+an one arrest s+ould lo,; ea,+ o#1/333 ti'es as t+e would in nor'al ser i,e.

II. dditional non-'andator guidelines #or personal #all arrest s ste's. "+e #ollowingin#or'ation ,onstitutes additional guidelines #or use in ,o'pl ing wit+ re0uire'ents #or a

personal #all arrest s ste'.

(a) Sele,tion and use ,onsiderations. (1) "+e ;ind o# personal #all arrest s ste' sele,teds+ould 'at,+ t+e parti,ular wor; situation/ and an possible #ree #all distan,e s+ould be ;eptto a 'ini'u'. Consideration s+ould be gi en to t+e parti,ular wor; en iron'ent. Fore a'ple/ t+e presen,e o# a,ids/ dirt/ 'oisture/ oil/ grease/ et,./ and t+eir e##e,t on t+e s ste'/s+ould be e aluated. *ot or ,old en iron'ents 'a also +a e an ad erse e##e,t on t+es ste'. Bire rope s+ould not be used w+ere an ele,tri,al +a=ard is anti,ipated. s re0uired

b t+e standard/ t+e e'plo er 'ust plan to +a e 'eans a ailable to pro'ptl res,ue ane'plo ee s+ould a #all o,,ur/ sin,e t+e suspended e'plo ee 'a not be able to rea,+ a wor;



(2) "+e 'a i'u' elongation 'easured #or lan ards during t+e #or,e test

(5) "+e de,eleration distan,e 'easured #or de,eleration de i,es during t+e #or,e test

( ) Caution state'ents on ,riti,al use li'itations

(4) ppli,ation li'its

(6) %roper +oo;-up/ an,+oring and tie-o## te,+ni0ues/ in,luding t+e proper dee-ring or ot+eratta,+'ent point to use on t+e bod belt and +arness #or #all arrest

(?) %roper ,li'bing te,+ni0ues

(7) et+ods o# inspe,tion/ use/ ,leaning/ and storage and

(9) Spe,i#i, li#elines w+i,+ 'a be used.

"+is in#or'ation s+ould be pro ided to e'plo ees during training.

(#) Res,ue ,onsiderations. s re0uired b 1926.432(d)(23)/ w+en personal #all arrests ste's are used/ t+e e'plo er 'ust assure t+at e'plo ees ,an be pro'ptl res,ued or ,anres,ue t+e'sel es s+ould a #all o,,ur. "+e a ailabilit o# res,ue personnel/ ladders or ot+erres,ue e0uip'ent s+ould be e aluated. In so'e situations/ e0uip'ent w+i,+ allowse'plo ees to res,ue t+e'sel es a#ter t+e #all +as been arrested 'a be desirable/ su,+ asde i,es w+i,+ +a e des,ent ,apabilit .

(g) Inspe,tion ,onsiderations. s re0uired b 1926.432(d)(21)/ personal #all arrest s ste's'ust be regularl inspe,ted. n ,o'ponent wit+ an signi#i,ant de#e,t/ su,+ as ,uts/ tears/abrasions/ 'old/ or undue stret,+ing alterations or additions w+i,+ 'ig+t a##e,t itse##i,ien, da'age due to deterioration ,onta,t wit+ #ire/ a,ids/ or ot+er ,orrosi es distorted+oo;s or #ault +oo; springs tongues un#itted to t+e s+oulder o# bu,;les loose or da'aged'ountings non-#un,tioning parts or wearing or internal deterioration in t+e ropes 'ust bewit+drawn #ro' ser i,e i''ediatel / and s+ould be tagged or 'ar;ed as unusable/ ordestro ed.

(+) "ie-o## ,onsiderations. (1) ne o# t+e 'ost i'portant aspe,ts o# personal #all prote,tions ste's is #ull planning t+e s ste' be#ore it is put into use. %robabl t+e 'ost o erloo;ed,o'ponent is planning #or suitable an,+orage points. Su,+ planning s+ould ideall be done

be#ore t+e stru,ture or building is ,onstru,ted so t+at an,+orage points ,an be in,orporatedduring ,onstru,tion #or use later #or window ,leaning or ot+er building 'aintenan,e. I#

properl planned/ t+ese an,+orage points 'a be used during ,onstru,tion/ as well asa#terwards.

(i) %roperl planned an,+orages s+ould be used i# t+e are a ailable. In so'e ,ases/an,+orages 'ust be installed i''ediatel prior to use. In su,+ ,ases/ a registered

pro#essional engineer wit+ e perien,e in designing #all prote,tion s ste's/ or anot+er0uali#ied person wit+ appropriate edu,ation and e perien,e s+ould design an an,+or point to

be installed.



(ii) In ot+er ,ases/ t+e gen, re,ogni=es t+at t+ere will be a need to de ise an an,+or point#ro' e isting stru,tures. ! a'ples o# w+at 'ig+t be appropriate an,+or points are steel'e'bers or I-bea's i# an a,,eptable strap is a ailable #or t+e ,onne,tion (do not use alan ard wit+ a snap+oo; ,lipped onto itsel#) large e e-bolts 'ade o# an appropriate gradesteel guardrails or railings i# t+e +a e been designed #or use as an an,+or point or 'asonror wood 'e'bers onl i# t+e atta,+'ent point is substantial and pre,autions +a e been ta;en

to assure t+at bolts or ot+er ,onne,tors will not pull t+roug+. 0uali#ied person s+ould beused to e aluate t+e suitable o# t+ese 'a;e s+i#t an,+orages wit+ a #o,us on properstrengt+.

(2) !'plo ers and e'plo ees s+ould at all ti'es be aware t+at t+e strengt+ o# a personal #allarrest s ste' is based on its being atta,+ed to an an,+oring s ste' w+i,+ does not redu,e t+estrengt+ o# t+e s ste' (su,+ as a properl di'ensioned e e-bolt<snap-+oo; an,+orage)."+ere#ore/ i# a 'eans o# atta,+'ent is used t+at will redu,e t+e strengt+ o# t+e s ste'/ t+at,o'ponent s+ould be repla,ed b a stronger one/ but one t+at will also 'aintain t+eappropriate 'a i'u' arrest #or,e ,+ara,teristi,s.

(5) "ie-o## using a ;not in a rope lan ard or li#eline (at an lo,ation) ,an redu,e t+e li#elineor lan ard strengt+ b 43 per,ent or 'ore. "+ere#ore/ a stronger lan ard or li#eline s+ould beused to ,o'pensate #or t+e wea;ening e##e,t o# t+e ;not/ or t+e lan ard lengt+ s+ould beredu,ed (or t+e tie-o## lo,ation raised) to 'ini'i=e #ree #all distan,e/ or t+e lan ard or li#elines+ould be repla,ed b one w+i,+ +as an appropriatel in,orporated ,onne,tor to eli'inate t+eneed #or a ;not.

( ) "ie-o## o# a rope lan ard or li#eline around an * or I bea' or si'ilar support ,anredu,e its strengt+ as 'u,+ as ?3 per,ent due to t+e ,utting a,tion o# t+e bea' edges."+ere#ore/ use s+ould be 'ade o# a webbing lan ard or wire ,ore li#eline around t+e bea' ort+e lan ard or li#eline s+ould be prote,ted #ro' t+e edge or #ree #all distan,e s+ould begreatl 'ini'i=ed.

(4) "ie-o## w+ere t+e line passes o er or around roug+ or s+arp sur#a,es redu,es strengt+drasti,all . Su,+ a tie-o## s+ould be a oided or an alternati e tie-o## rigging s+ould be used.Su,+ alternati es 'a in,lude use o# a snap-+oo;<dee ring ,onne,tion/ wire rope tie-o##/ ane##e,ti e padding o# t+e sur#a,es/ or an abrasion-resistan,e strap around or o er t+e proble'sur#a,e.

(6) *ori=ontal li#elines 'a / depending on t+eir geo'etr and angle o# sag/ be sub e,ted togreater loads t+an t+e i'pa,t load i'posed b an atta,+ed ,o'ponent. B+en t+e angle o#+ori=ontal li#eline sag is less t+an 53 degrees/ t+e i'pa,t #or,e i'parted to t+e li#eline b anatta,+ed lan ard is greatl a'pli#ied. For e a'ple/ wit+ a sag angle o# 14 degrees/ t+e #or,ea'pli#i,ation is about 2 1 and at 4 degrees sag/ it is about 6 1. Depending on t+e angle o# sag/and t+e lineGs elasti,it / t+e strengt+ o# t+e +ori=ontal li#eline and t+e an,+orages to w+i,+ itis atta,+ed s+ould be in,reased a nu'ber o# ti'es o er t+at o# t+e lan ard. ! tre'e ,ares+ould be ta;en in ,onsidering a +ori=ontal li#eline #or 'ultiple tie-o##s. "+e reason #or t+is ist+at in 'ultiple tie-o##s to a +ori=ontal li#eline/ i# one e'plo ee #alls/ t+e 'o e'ent o# t+e#alling e'plo ee and t+e +ori=ontal li#eline during arrest o# t+e #all 'a ,ause ot+ere'plo ees to #all also. *ori=ontal li#eline and an,+orage strengt+ s+ould be in,reased #orea,+ additional e'plo ee to be tied o##. For t+ese and ot+er reasons/ t+e design o# s ste'susing +ori=ontal li#elines 'ust onl be done b 0uali#ied persons. "esting o# installed



li#elines and an,+ors prior to use is re,o''ended.

(?) "+e strengt+ o# an e e-bolt is rated along t+e a is o# t+e bolt and its strengt+ is greatlredu,ed i# t+e #or,e is applied at an angle to t+is a is (in t+e dire,tion o# s+ear). lso/ ,ares+ould be e er,ised in sele,ting t+e proper dia'eter o# t+e e e to a oid a,,identaldisengage'ent o# snap-+oo;s not designed to be ,o'patible #or t+e ,onne,tion.

(7) Due to t+e signi#i,ant redu,tion in t+e strengt+ o# t+e li#eline<lan ard (in so'e ,ases/ as'u,+ as a ?3 per,ent redu,tion)/ t+e sliding +it,+ ;not (prusi;) s+ould not be used #orli#eline<lan ard ,onne,tions e ,ept in e'ergen, situations w+ere no ot+er a ailable s ste'is pra,ti,al. "+e one-and-one sliding +it,+ ;not s+ould ne er be used be,ause it isunreliable in stopping a #all. "+e two-and-two/ or t+ree-and-t+ree ;not (pre#erable) 'a

be used in e'ergen, situations +owe er/ ,are s+ould be ta;en to li'it #ree #all distan,e to a'ini'u' be,ause o# redu,ed li#eline<lan ard strengt+.

(i) erti,al li#eline ,onsiderations. s re0uired b t+e standard/ ea,+ e'plo ee 'ust +a e aseparate li#eline e ,ept e'plo ees engaged in ,onstru,ting ele ator s+a#ts w+o are per'itted

to +a e two e'plo ees on one li#eline8 w+en t+e li#eline is erti,al. "+e reason #or t+is is t+atin 'ultiple tie-o##s to a single li#eline/ i# one e'plo ee #alls/ t+e 'o e'ent o# t+e li#elineduring t+e arrest o# t+e #all 'a pull ot+er e'plo eesG lan ards/ ,ausing t+e' to #all as well.

( ) Snap-+oo; ,onsiderations. (1) lt+oug+ not re0uired b t+is standard #or all ,onne,tionsuntil >anuar 1/ 1997/ lo,;ing snap+oo;s designed #or ,onne,tion to suitable ob e,ts (o#su##i,ient strengt+) are +ig+l re,o''ended in lieu o# t+e nonlo,;ing t pe. Lo,;ingsnap+oo;s in,orporate a positi e lo,;ing 'e,+anis' in addition to t+e spring loaded ;eeper/w+i,+ will not allow t+e ;eeper to open under 'oderate pressure wit+out so'eone #irstreleasing t+e 'e,+anis'. Su,+ a #eature/ properl designed/ e##e,ti el pre ents roll-out#ro' o,,urring.

(2) s re0uired b 1926.432(d)(6)/ t+e #ollowing ,onne,tions 'ust be a oided (unless properl designed lo,;ing snap+oo;s are used) be,ause t+e are ,onditions w+i,+ ,an resultin roll-out w+en a nonlo,;ing snap+oo; is used

(i) Dire,t ,onne,tion o# a snap+oo; to a +ori=ontal li#eline.

(ii) "wo (or 'ore) snap+oo;s ,onne,ted to one dee-ring.

(iii) "wo snap+oo;s ,onne,ted to ea,+ ot+er.

(i ) snap+oo; ,onne,ted ba,; on its integral lan ard.

( ) snap+oo; ,onne,ted to a webbing loop or webbing lan ard.

( i) I'proper di'ensions o# t+e dee-ring/ rebar/ or ot+er ,onne,tion point in relation to t+esnap+oo; di'ensions w+i,+ would allow t+e snap+oo; ;eeper to be depressed b a turning'otion o# t+e snap+oo;.

(;) Free #all ,onsiderations. "+e e'plo er and e'plo ee s+ould at all ti'es be aware t+at a



s ste'Gs 'a i'u' arresting #or,e is e aluated under nor'al use ,onditions establis+ed bt+e 'anu#a,turer/ and in no ,ase using a #ree #all distan,e in e ,ess o# 6 #eet (1.7 '). #ewe tra #eet o# #ree #all ,an signi#i,antl in,rease t+e arresting #or,e on t+e e'plo ee/ possiblto t+e point o# ,ausing in ur . @e,ause o# t+is/ t+e #ree #all distan,e s+ould be ;ept at a'ini'u'/ and/ as re0uired b t+e standard/ in no ,ase greater t+an 6 #eet (1.7 '). "o +elpassure t+is/ t+e tie-o## atta,+'ent point to t+e li#eline or an,+or s+ould be lo,ated at or abo e

t+e ,onne,tion point o# t+e #all arrest e0uip'ent to belt or +arness. (Sin,e ot+erwiseadditional #ree #all distan,e is added to t+e lengt+ o# t+e ,onne,ting 'eans (i.e. lan ard)).tta,+ing to t+e wor;ing sur#a,e will o#ten result in a #ree #all greater t+an 6 #eet (1.7 '). For

instan,e/ i# a 6 #oot (1.7 ') lan ard is used/ t+e total #ree #all distan,e will be t+e distan,e#ro' t+e wor;ing le el to t+e bod belt (or +arness) atta,+'ent point plus t+e 6 #eet (1.7 ')o# lan ard lengt+. not+er i'portant ,onsideration is t+at t+e arresting #or,e w+i,+ t+e #alls ste' 'ust wit+stand also goes up wit+ greater distan,es o# #ree #all/ possibl e ,eeding t+estrengt+ o# t+e s ste'.

(l) !longation and de,eleration distan,e ,onsiderations. t+er #a,tors in ol ed in a propertie-o## are elongation and de,eleration distan,e. During t+e arresting o# a #all/ a lan ard wille perien,e a lengt+ o# stret,+ing or elongation/ w+ereas a,ti ation o# a de,eleration de i,ewill result in a ,ertain stopping distan,e. "+ese distan,es s+ould be a ailable wit+ t+e lan ardor de i,eGs instru,tions and 'ust be added to t+e #ree #all distan,e to arri e at t+e total #alldistan,e be#ore an e'plo ee is #ull stopped. "+e additional stopping distan,e 'a be ersigni#i,ant i# t+e lan ard or de,eleration de i,e is atta,+ed near or at t+e end o# a longli#eline/ w+i,+ 'a itsel# add ,onsiderable distan,e due to its own elongation. s re0uired bt+e standard/ su##i,ient distan,e to allow #or all o# t+ese #a,tors 'ust also be 'aintained

between t+e e'plo ee and obstru,tions below/ to pre ent an in ur due to i'pa,t be#ore t+es ste' #ull arrests t+e #all. In addition/ a 'ini'u' o# 12 #eet (5.? ') o# li#eline s+ould beallowed below t+e se,uring point o# a rope grab t pe de,eleration de i,e/ and t+e endter'inated to pre ent t+e de i,e #ro' sliding o## t+e li#eline. lternati el / t+e li#elines+ould e tend to t+e ground or t+e ne t wor;ing le el below. "+ese 'easures are suggestedto pre ent t+e wor;er #ro' inad ertentl 'o ing past t+e end o# t+e li#eline and +a ing t+erope grab be,o'e disengaged #ro' t+e li#eline.

(') bstru,tion ,onsiderations. "+e lo,ation o# t+e tie-o## s+ould also ,onsider t+e +a=ardo# obstru,tions in t+e potential #all pat+ o# t+e e'plo ee. "ie-o##s w+i,+ 'ini'i=e t+e

possibilities o# e aggerated swinging s+ould be ,onsidered. In addition/ w+en a bod belt isused/ t+e e'plo eeGs bod will go t+roug+ a +ori=ontal position to a a,;-;ni#ed positionduring t+e arrest o# all #alls. "+us/ obstru,tions w+i,+ 'ig+t inter#ere wit+ t+is 'otion s+ould

be a oided or a se ere in ur ,ould o,,ur.

(n) t+er ,onsiderations. @e,ause o# t+e design o# so'e personal #all arrest s ste's/additional ,onsiderations 'a be re0uired #or proper tie-o##. For e a'ple/ +ea de,elerationde i,es o# t+e sel#-retra,ting t pe s+ould be se,ured o er+ead in order to a oid t+e weig+t o#t+e de i,e +a ing to be supported b t+e e'plo ee. lso/ i# sel#-retra,ting e0uip'ent is,onne,ted to a +ori=ontal li#eline/ t+e sag in t+e li#eline s+ould be 'ini'i=ed to pre ent t+ede i,e #ro' sliding down t+e li#eline to a position w+i,+ ,reates a swing +a=ard during #allarrest. In all ,ases/ 'anu#a,turerGs instru,tions s+ould be #ollowed.

Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)



%ositioning De i,e S ste's - &on- andator :uidelines #or Co'pl ing wit+ 1926.432(e) -1926 Subpart pp D


$ %art &u'ber 1926$ %art "itle Sa#et and *ealt+ Regulations #or Constru,tion$ Subpart$ Subpart "itle Fall %rote,tion$ Standard &u'ber 1926 Subpart pp D$ "itle %ositioning De i,e S ste's - &on- andator :uidelines

#or Co'pl ing wit+ 1926.432(e)

I. "esting et+ods For %ositioning De i,e S ste's.

"+is appendi ser es as a non-'andator guideline to assist e'plo ers ,o'pl wit+ t+ere0uire'ents #or positioning de i,e s ste's in 1926.432(e). %aragrap+s (b)/ (,)/ (d) and (e)o# ppendi C o# subpart relating to 1926.432(d) - %ersonal Fall rrest S ste's - set #ort+test pro,edures w+i,+ 'a be used/ along wit+ t+e pro,edures listed below/ to deter'ine,o'plian,e wit+ t+e re0uire'ents #or positioning de i,e s ste's in 1926.432(e)(5) and ( )o# Subpart .

(a) :eneral. (1) Single strap positioning de i,es s+all +a e one end atta,+ed to a #i edan,+orage and t+e ot+er end ,onne,ted to a bod belt or +arness in t+e sa'e 'anner as t+ewould be used to prote,t e'plo ees. Double strap positioning de i,es/ si'ilar to window,leanerGs belts/ s+all +a e one end o# t+e strap atta,+ed to a #i ed an,+orage and t+e ot+er end

s+all +ang #ree. "+e bod belt or +arness s+all be atta,+ed to t+e strap in t+e sa'e 'anner asit would be used to prote,t e'plo ees. "+e two strap ends s+all be ad usted to t+eir'a i'u' span.

(2) "+e #i ed an,+orage s+all be rigid/ and s+all not +a e a de#le,tion greater t+an .3 in,+es(1 '') w+en a #or,e o# 2/243 pounds (13 ;&) is applied.

(5) During t+e testing o# all s ste's/ a test weig+t o# 243 pounds plus or 'inus 5 pounds(115 ;g plus or 'inus 1.6 ;g) s+all be used. "+e weig+t s+all be a rigid ob e,t wit+ a girt+ o#57 in,+es plus or 'inus in,+es (96 ,' plus or 'inus 13 ,').

( ) !a,+ test s+all ,onsist o# dropping t+e spe,i#ied weig+t one ti'e wit+out #ailure o# t+es ste' being tested. new s ste' s+all be used #or ea,+ test.

(4) "+e test weig+t #or ea,+ test s+all be +oisted e a,tl #eet (1.2 ' abo e its at rest position)/ and s+all be dropped so as to per'it a erti,al #ree #all o# #eet (1.2 ').

(6) "+e test is #ailed w+ene er an brea;age or slippage o,,urs w+i,+ per'its t+e weig+t to#all #ree o# t+e s ste'.




(?) Following t+e test/ t+e s ste' need not be ,apable o# #urt+er operation +owe er/ all su,+in,apa,ities s+all be readil apparent.

II. Inspe,tion Considerations.

s re0uired in 1926.432 (e)(4)/ positioning de i,e s ste's 'ust be regularl inspe,ted. n

,o'ponent wit+ an signi#i,ant de#e,t/ su,+ as ,uts/ tears/ abrasions/ 'old/ or unduestret,+ing alterations or additions w+i,+ 'ig+t a##e,t its e##i,ien, da'age due todeterioration ,onta,t wit+ #ire/ a,ids/ or ot+er ,orrosi es distorted +oo;s or #ault +oo;springs tongues un#itted to t+e s+oulder o# bu,;les loose or da'aged 'ountings non-#un,tioning parts or wearing or internal deterioration in t+e ropes 'ust be wit+drawn #ro'ser i,e i''ediatel / and s+ould be tagged or 'ar;ed as unusable/ or destro ed.

Regulations (Standards - 29 CFR)Sa'ple Fall %rote,tion %lan - &on- andator :uidelines #or Co'pl ing wit+ 1926.432(;) -1926 Subpart pp !


$ %art &u'ber 1926$ %art "itle Sa#et and *ealt+ Regulations #or Constru,tion$ Subpart$ Subpart "itle Fall %rote,tion$ Standard &u'ber 1926 Subpart pp !$ "itle Sa'ple Fall %rote,tion %lan - &on- andator :uidelines

#or Co'pl ing wit+ 1926.432(;)

!'plo ers engaged in leading edge wor;/ pre,ast ,on,rete ,onstru,tion wor; and residential,onstru,tion wor; w+o ,an de'onstrate t+at it is in#easible or ,reates a greater +a=ard to use,on entional #all prote,tion s ste's 'ust de elop and #ollow a #all prote,tion plan. @eloware sa'ple #all prote,tion plans de eloped #or pre,ast ,on,rete ,onstru,tion and residentialwor; t+at ,ould be tailored to be site spe,i#i, #or ot+er pre,ast ,on,rete or residential obsite."+is sa'ple plan ,an be 'odi#ied to be used #or ot+er wor; in ol ing leading edge wor;."+e sa'ple plan outlines t+e ele'ents t+at 'ust be addressed in an #all prote,tion plan. "+ereasons outlined in t+is sa'ple #all prote,tion plan are #or illustrati e purposes onl and arenot ne,essaril a alid/ a,,eptable rationale (unless t+e ,onditions at t+e ob site are t+e sa'e

as t+ose ,o ered b t+ese sa'ple plans) #or not using ,on entional #all prote,tion s ste's #ora parti,ular pre,ast ,on,rete or residential ,onstru,tion wor;site. *owe er/ t+e sa'ple plans pro ide guidan,e to e'plo ers on t+e t pe o# in#or'ation t+at is re0uired to be dis,ussed in#all prote,tion plans.

Sa'ple Fall %rote,tion %lans

F$ll rotection l$n For rec$ t> re tre Concrete "tructure - i F$ll rotection l$n i eci!ic !or t e !ollo ing ro ect*




It is t+e responsibilit o# (na'e o# ,o'petent person) to i'ple'ent t+is Fall %rote,tion %lan.(&a'e o# Co'petent %erson) is responsible #or ,ontinual obser ational sa#et ,+e,;s o# t+eirwor; operations and to en#or,e t+e sa#et poli, and pro,edures. "+e #ore'an also isresponsible to ,orre,t an unsa#e a,ts or ,onditions i''ediatel . It is t+e responsibilit o# t+ee'plo ee to understand and ad+ere to t+e pro,edures o# t+is plan and to #ollow t+einstru,tions o# t+e #ore'an. It is also t+e responsibilit o# t+e e'plo ee to bring to

'anage'entGs attention an unsa#e or +a=ardous ,onditions or a,ts t+at 'a ,ause in ur toeit+er t+e'sel es or an ot+er e'plo ees. n ,+anges to t+is Fall %rote,tion %lan 'ust beappro ed b (na'e o# Muali#ied %erson).

II. Fall %rote,tion S ste's to @e Ased on "+is %ro e,t

B+ere ,on entional #all prote,tion is in#easible or ,reates a greater +a=ard at t+e leadingedge and during initial ,onne,ting a,ti it / we plan to do t+is wor; using a sa#et 'onitorings ste' and e pose onl a 'ini'u' nu'ber o# e'plo ees #or t+e ti'e ne,essar to a,tualla,,o'plis+ t+e ob. "+e 'a i'u' nu'ber o# wor;ers to be 'onitored b one sa#et 'onitoris si (6). Be are designating t+e #ollowing trained e'plo ees as designated ere,tors and

t+e are per'itted to enter t+e ,ontrolled a,,ess =ones and wor; wit+out t+e use o#,on entional #all prote,tion.

"$!et .onitor* Be ign$ted erector* Be ign$ted erector* Be ign$ted erector* Be ign$ted erector* Be ign$ted erector* Be ign$ted erector*

"+e sa#et 'onitor s+all be identi#ied b wearing an orange +ard +at. "+e designated ere,torswill be identi#ied b one o# t+e #ollowing 'et+ods

1& - e ill e$r $ #lue colored $r. #$nd, or 2& - e ill e$r $ #lue colored $rd $t, or 3& - e ill e$r $ #lue colored e t&

nl indi iduals wit+ t+e appropriate e perien,e/ s;ills/ and training will be aut+ori=ed asdesignated ere,tors. ll e'plo ees t+at will be wor;ing as designated ere,tors under t+esa#et 'onitoring s ste' s+all +a e been trained and instru,ted in t+e #ollowing areas

1& ecognition o! t e !$ll $;$rd in t e ork $re$ ($t t e le$dingedge $nd en .$king initi$l connection + oint o! erection)& 2& A oid$nce o! !$ll $;$rd u ing e t$#li ed ork r$ctice ic

$ e #een .$de kno n to t e e. lo ee & 3& ecognition o! un $!e r$ctice or orking condition t $t couldle$d to $ !$ll, uc $ ind condition & 4& - e !unction, u e, $nd o er$tion o! $!et .onitoring te. ,gu$rdr$il te. , #od #elt> $rne te. , control ;one $nd ot er

rotection to #e u ed& 5& - e correct rocedure !or erecting, .$int$ining, di $ e.#ling$nd in ecting t e te.( ) to #e u ed& 6& no ledge o! con truction e uence or t e erection l$n&



.e.#er #eing erected, ic e er i le , !ro. t e le$ding edge& 2& - e control line $ll extend $long t e entire lengt o! t eun rotected or le$ding edge $nd $ll #e $ roxi.$tel $r$llel tot e un rotected or le$ding edge& 3& - e control line $ll #e connected on e$c ide to $ gu$rdr$il

te. or $ll& 4& Control line $ll con i t o! ro e , ire , t$ e , or

e ui $lent .$teri$l , $nd u orting t$nc ion $ !ollo * 5& G$c line $ll #e !l$gged or ot er i e cle$rl .$rked $t not.ore t $n 6+!oot (1&8 .) inter $l it ig + i i#ilit .$teri$l& 6& G$c line $ll #e rigged $nd u orted in uc $ $ t $t itlo e t oint (including $g) i not le t $n 39 inc e (1 .) !ro.t e $lking> orking ur!$ce $nd it ig e t oint i not .ore t $n 45inc e (1&3 .) !ro. t e $lking> orking ur!$ce& 7& G$c line $ll $ e $ .ini.u. #re$king trengt o! 2?? ound(&88 k:)&

*oles

ll openings greater t+an 12 in. 12 in. will +a e peri'eter guarding or ,o ering. ll predeter'ined +oles will +a e t+e pl wood ,o ers 'ade in t+e pre,astersG ard and s+ippedwit+ t+e 'e'ber to t+e obsite. %rior to ,utting +oles on t+e ob/ proper prote,tion #or t+e+ole 'ust be pro ided to prote,t t+e wor;ers. %eri'eter guarding or ,o ers will not bere'o ed wit+out t+e appro al o# t+e ere,tion #ore'an.

%re,ast ,on,rete ,olu'n ere,tion t+roug+ t+e e isting de,; re0uires t+at 'an +oles be pro ided t+roug+ t+is de,;. "+ese are to be ,o ered and prote,ted. ! ,ept #or t+e opening being ,urrentl used to ere,t a ,olu'n/ all opening prote,tion is to be le#t undisturbed. "+eopening being un,o ered to ere,t a ,olu'n will be,o'e part o# t+e point o# ere,tion and will

be addressed as part o# t+is Fall %rote,tion %lan. "+is un,o ering is to be done at t+e ere,tion

#ore'anGs dire,tion and will onl o,,ur i''ediatel prior to #eeding t+e ,olu'n t+roug+t+e opening. n,e t+e end o# t+e ,olu'n is t+roug+ t+e slab opening/ t+ere will no longere ist a #all +a=ard at t+is lo,ation.

III. I'ple'entation o# Fall %rote,tion %lan

"+e stru,ture being ere,ted is a 'ultistor total pre,ast ,on,rete building ,onsisting o#,olu'ns/ bea's/ wall panels and +ollow ,ore slabs and double tee #loor and roo# 'e'bers.

"+e #ollowing is a list o# t+e produ,ts and ere,tion situations on t+is ob

Colu'ns

For ,olu'ns 13 #t to 56 #t long/ e'plo ees dis,onne,ting ,rane +oo;s #ro' ,olu'ns willwor; #ro' a ladder and wear a bod belt<+arness wit+ lan ard and be tied o## w+en bot++ands are needed to dis,onne,t. For t ing o##/ a erti,al li#eline will be ,onne,ted to t+eli#ting e e at t+e top o# t+e ,olu'n/ prior to li#ting/ to be used wit+ a 'anuall operated or'obile rope grab. For ,olu'ns too +ig+ #or t+e use o# a ladder/ 56 #t and +ig+er/ an added,able will be used to redu,e t+e +eig+t o# t+e dis,onne,ting point so t+at a ladder ,an beused. "+is ,able will be le#t in pla,e until a point in ere,tion t+at it ,an be re'o ed sa#el . In



so'e ,ases/ ,olu'ns will be un+oo;ed #ro' t+e ,rane b using an ere,tion tube or s+a,;lewit+ a pull pin w+i,+ is released #ro' t+e ground a#ter t+e ,olu'n is stabili=ed.

"+e ,olu'n will be ade0uatel ,onne,ted and<or bra,ed to sa#el support t+e weig+t o# aladder wit+ an e'plo ee on it.

In erted "ee @ea's

!'plo ees ere,ting in erted tee bea's/ at a +eig+t o# 6 to 3 #t/ will ere,t t+e bea'/ 'a;einitial ,onne,tions/ and #inal align'ent #ro' a ladder. I# t+e e'plo ee needs to rea,+ o ert+e side o# t+e bea' to bar or 'a;e an ad ust'ent to t+e align'ent o# t+e bea'/ t+e will'ount t+e bea' and be tied o## to t+e li#ting de i,e in t+e bea' a#ter ensuring t+e load +as

been stabili=ed on its bearing. "o dis,onne,t t+e ,rane #ro' t+e bea' an e'plo ee will standa ladder against t+e bea'. @e,ause t+e use o# ladders is not pra,ti,al at +eig+ts abo e 3 #t/

bea's will be initiall pla,ed wit+ t+e use o# tag lines and t+eir #inal align'ent 'ade b a person on a 'anli#t or si'ilar e'plo ee positioning s ste's.

Spandrel @ea's

Spandrel bea's at t+e e terior o# t+e building will be aligned as ,losel as possible wit+ t+euse o# tag lines wit+ t+e #inal pla,e'ent o# t+e spandrel bea' 'ade #ro' a ladder at t+e openend o# t+e stru,ture. ladder will be used to 'a;e t+e initial ,onne,tions and a ladder will beused to dis,onne,t t+e ,rane. "+e ot+er end o# t+e bea' will be pla,ed b t+e designatedere,tor #ro' t+e double tee de,; under t+e obser ation o# t+e sa#et 'onitor.

"+e bea's will be ade0uatel ,onne,ted and<or bra,ed to sa#el support t+e weig+t o# aladder wit+ an e'plo ee on it.

Floor and Roo# e'bers

During installation o# t+e pre,ast ,on,rete #loor and<or roo# 'e'bers/ t+e wor; de,;,ontinuousl in,reases in area as 'ore and 'ore units are being ere,ted and positioned."+us/ t+e unprote,ted #loor<roo# peri'eter is ,onstantl 'odi#ied wit+ t+e leading edge,+anging lo,ation as ea,+ 'e'ber is installed. "+e #all prote,tion #or wor;ers at t+e leadingedge s+all be assured b properl ,onstru,ted and 'aintained ,ontrol =one lines not 'oret+an 63 #t awa #ro' t+e leading edge supple'ented b a sa#et 'onitoring s ste' to ensuret+e sa#et o# all designated ere,tors wor;ing wit+in t+e area de#ined b t+e ,ontrol =one lines.

"+e +ollow ,ore slabs ere,ted on t+e 'asonr portion o# t+e building will be ere,ted and

grouted using t+e sa#et 'onitoring s ste'. :rout will be pla,ed in t+e spa,e between t+eend o# t+e slab and #a,e s+ell o# t+e ,on,rete 'asonr b du'ping #ro' a w+eelbarrow. "+egrout in t+e ;e wa s between t+e slabs will be du'ped #ro' a w+eelbarrow and t+en spreadwit+ long +andled tools/ allowing t+e wor;er to stand ere,t #a,ing toward t+e unprote,tededge and ba,; #ro' an wor; de,; edge.

B+ene er possible/ t+e designated ere,tors will approa,+ t+e in,o'ing 'e'ber at t+eleading edge onl a#ter it is below waist +eig+t so t+at t+e 'e'ber itsel# pro ides prote,tionagainst #alls.



! ,ept #or t+e situations des,ribed below/ w+en t+e arri ing #loor or roo# 'e'ber is wit+in 2to 5 in,+es o# its #inal position/ t+e designated ere,tors ,an t+en pro,eed to t+eir position o#ere,tion at ea,+ end o# t+e 'e'ber under t+e ,ontrol o# t+e sa#et 'onitor. Crane +oo;s will

be un+oo;ed #ro' double tee 'e'bers b designated ere,tors under t+e dire,tion andsuper ision o# t+e sa#et 'onitor.

Designated ere,tors/ w+ile waiting #or t+e ne t #loor or roo# 'e'ber/ will be ,onstantlunder t+e ,ontrol o# t+e sa#et 'onitor #or #all prote,tion and are dire,ted to sta a 'ini'u'o# si (6) #t #ro' t+e edge. In t+e e ent a designated ere,tor 'ust 'o e #ro' one end o# a'e'ber/ w+i,+ +as ust been pla,ed at t+e leading edge/ t+e 'ust #irst 'o e awa #ro' t+eleading edge a 'ini'u' o# si (6) #t and t+en progress to t+e ot+er end w+ile 'aintaining t+e'ini'u' distan,e o# si (6) #t at all ti'es.

!re,tion o# double tees/ w+ere ,onditions re0uire bearing o# one end into a ,losed po,;et andt+e ot+er end on a bea' ledge/ restri,ting t+e tee legs #ro' going dire,tl into t+e po,;ets/re0uire spe,ial ,onsiderations. "+e tee legs t+at are to bear in t+e ,losed po,;et 'ust +anglower t+an t+ose at t+e bea' bearing. "+e double tee will be two-lined in order to ele ate

one end +ig+er t+an t+e ot+er to allow #or t+e low end to be du,;ed into t+e ,losed po,;etusing t+e #ollowing pro,edure.

"+e double tee will be rigged wit+ a standard #our-wa spreader o## o# t+e 'ain load line. nadditional ,+o;er will be atta,+ed to t+e 'arried point o# t+e two-legged spreader at t+e endo# t+e tee t+at is to be ele ated. "+e double tee will be +oisted wit+ t+e 'ain load line andswung into a position as ,lose as possible to t+e teeGs #inal bearing ele ation. B+en t+e tee isin t+is position and stabili=ed/ t+e w+ip line load blo,; will be lowered to ust abo e t+e teede,;. t t+is ti'e/ two ere,tors will wal; out on t+e suspended tee de,; at 'idspan o# t+e tee'e'ber and pull t+e load blo,; to t+e end o# t+e tee to be ele ated and atta,+ t+e additional,+o;er to t+e load blo,;. "+e possibilit o# entangle'ent wit+ t+e ,rane lines and ot+er

obsta,les during t+is two lining pro,ess w+ile raising and lowering t+e ,rane blo,; on t+atse,ond line ,ould be +a=ardous to an en,u'bered e'plo ee. "+ere#ore/ t+e designatedere,tors will not tie o## during an part o# t+is pro,ess. B+ile t+e designated ere,tors are ont+e double tee/ t+e sa#et 'onitoring s ste' will be used. #ter atta,+ing t+e ,+o;er/ t+e twoere,tors t+en step ba,; on t+e pre iousl ere,ted tee de,; and signal t+e ,rane operator to+oist t+e load wit+ t+e w+ip line to t+e ele ation t+at will allow #or enoug+ ,learan,e to lett+e low end tee legs slide into t+e po,;ets w+en t+e 'ain load line is lowered. "+e ere,tor/w+o is +andling t+e lowered end o# t+e tee at t+e ,losed po,;et bearing/ will step out on t+esuspended tee. n ere,tion bar will t+en be pla,ed between t+e end o# t+e tee leg and t+einside #a,e o# t+e po,;eted spandrel 'e'ber. "+e tee is barred awa #ro' t+e po,;eted'e'ber to redu,e t+e #ri,tion and lateral #or,e against t+e po,;eted 'e'ber. s t+e tee is

being lowered/ t+e ot+er ere,tor re'ains on t+e tee w+i,+ was pre iousl ere,ted to +andlet+e ot+er end. t t+is point t+e tee is slowl lowered b t+e ,rane to a point w+ere t+e teelegs ,an #reel slide into t+e po,;ets. "+e ere,tor wor;ing t+e lowered end o# t+e tee 'ust;eep pressure on t+e bar between t+e tee and t+e #a,e o# t+e po,;eted spandrel 'e'ber to

er graduall let t+e tee legs slide into t+e po,;et to its proper bearing di'ension. "+e tee ist+en slowl lowered into its #inal ere,ted position.

"+e designated ere,tor s+ould be allowed onto t+e suspended double tee/ ot+erwise t+ere isno ,ontrol o er t+e +ori=ontal 'o e'ent o# t+e double tee and t+is 'o e'ent ,ould ;no,;t+e spandrel o## o# its bearing or t+e ,olu'n out o# plu'b. "+e ,ontrol ne,essar to pre ent



atta,+ed w+i,+ will restri,t t+e e'plo eeGs abilit to 'o e about at t+e point o# ere,tion.

2. t pi,al pro,edure re0uires 2 or 'ore wor;ers to 'aneu er around ea,+ ot+er as a,on,rete 'e'ber is positioned to #it into t+e stru,ture. I# t+e are ea,+ atta,+ed to a li#eline/

part o# t+eir attention 'ust be di erted #ro' t+eir 'ain tas; o# positioning a 'e'berweig+ing se eral tons to t+e tas; o# a oiding entangle'ents o# t+eir li#elines or a oiding

tripping o er lan ards. "+ere#ore/ i# t+ese wor;ers are atta,+ed to lan ards/ 'ore #all potential would result t+an #ro' not using su,+ a de i,e.

In t+is spe,i#i, ere,tion se0uen,e and pro,edure/ retra,table li#elines do not sol e t+e proble' o# two wor;ers be,o'ing tangled. In #a,t/ su,+ a tangle ,ould pre ent t+e li#eline#ro' retra,ting as t+e wor;er 'o ed/ t+us potentiall e posing t+e wor;er to a #all greatert+an 6 #t. lso/ a wor;er ,rossing o er t+e li#eline o# anot+er wor;er ,an ,reate a +a=ard

be,ause t+e 'o e'ent o# one person ,an unbalan,e t+e ot+er. In t+e e ent o# a #all b one person t+ere is a li;eli+ood t+at t+e ot+er person will be ,aused to #all as well. In addition/ i#,onta'ination su,+ as grout (during +ollow ,ore grouting) enters t+e retra,table +ousing it,an ,ause e ,essi e wear and da'age to t+e de i,e and ,ould ,log t+e retra,ting 'e,+anis'

as t+e lan ard is dragged a,ross t+e de,;. bstru,ting t+e ,able ori#i,e ,an de#eat t+e de i,eGss+o,; absorbing #un,tion/ produ,e ,able sla,; and da'age/ and ad ersel a##e,t ,ablee tra,tion and retra,tion.

5. !'plo ees tied to a li#eline ,an be trapped and ,rus+ed b 'o ing stru,tural 'e'bers i#t+e e'plo ee be,o'es restrained b t+e lan ard or retra,table li#eline and ,annot get out o#t+e pat+ o# t+e 'o ing load. "+e sudden 'o e'ent o# a pre,ast ,on,rete 'e'ber beingraised b a ,rane ,an be ,aused b a nu'ber o# #a,tors. B+en t+is +appens/ a ,onne,tor 'ai''ediatel +a e to 'o e a ,onsiderable distan,e to a oid in ur . I# a tied o## bod

belt<+arness is being used/ t+e ,onne,tor ,ould be trapped. "+ere#ore/ t+ere is a greater ris; o#in ur i# t+e ,onne,tor is tied to t+e stru,ture #or t+is spe,i#i, ere,tion se0uen,e and

pro,edure.

B+en ne,essar to 'o e awa #ro' a retra,table de i,e/ t+e wor;er ,annot 'o e at a rategreater t+an t+e de i,e lo,;ing speed t pi,all 5.4 to .4 #t<se,. B+en 'o ing toward t+ede i,e it is ne,essar to 'o e at a rate w+i,+ does not per'it ,able sla,; to build up. "+issla,; 'a ,ause ,able retra,tion a,,eleration and ,ause a wor;er to lose t+eir balan,e bappl ing a +ig+er t+an nor'al er;ing #or,e on t+e bod w+en t+e ,able suddenl be,o'estaut a#ter building up 'o'entu'. "+is sla,; ,an also ,ause da'age to t+e internal spring-loaded dru'/ une en ,oiling o# ,able on t+e dru'/ and possible ,able da'age.

"+e #a,tors ,ausing sudden 'o e'ents #or t+is lo,ation in,lude

($) Cr$ne (1) er$tor error& (2) "ite condition ( o!t or un t$#le ground)& (3) ec $nic$l !$ilure& (4) "tructur$l !$ilure& (5) igging !$ilure& (6) Cr$ne ign$l>r$dio co..unic$tion !$ilure&

(#) e$t er Condition (1) ind ( trong ind> udden gu ting) + $rticul$rl $ ro#le. it



t e l$rge ur!$ce $re$ o! rec$ t concrete .e.#er & (2) "no >r$in ( i i#ilit )& (3) Fog ( i i#ilit )& (4) Cold + c$u ing lo ed re$ction or .ec $nic$l ro#le. &

(c) "tructure> roduct Condition & (1) %i!ting G e !$ilure& (2) 0e$ring !$ilure or li $ge& (3) "tructure i!ting& (4) 0r$cing !$ilure& (5) roduct !$ilure&

(d) Hu.$n Grror& (1) Incorrect t$g line rocedure& (2) -$g line $ng+u & (3) Incorrect or .i under tood cr$ne ign$l & (4) i udged ele $tion o! .e.#er& (5) i udged eed o! .e.#er& (6) i udged $ngle o! .e.#er&

. n,+orages or spe,ial atta,+'ent points ,ould be ,ast into t+e pre,ast ,on,rete 'e'bers i#su##i,ient preplanning and ,onsideration o# ere,torsG position is done be#ore t+e 'e'bers are,ast. n +ole or ot+er atta,+'ent 'ust be appro ed b t+e engineer w+o designed t+e'e'ber. It is possible t+at so'e design restri,tions will not allow a 'e'ber to be wea;ened

b an additional +ole +owe er/ it is anti,ipated t+at su,+ situations would be t+e e ,eption/not t+e rule. tta,+'ent points/ ot+er t+an on t+e de,; sur#a,e/ will re0uire re'o al and<or

pat,+ing. In order to re'o e and<or pat,+ t+ese points/ re0uires t+e e'plo ee to be e posedto an additional #all +a=ard at an unprote,ted peri'eter. "+e #a,t t+at atta,+'ent points ,ould

be a ailable an w+ere on t+e stru,ture does not eli'inate t+e +a=ards o# using t+ese points#or t ing o## as dis,ussed abo e. logi,al point #or t ing o## on double tees would be usingt+e li#ting loops/ e ,ept t+at t+e 'ust be ,ut o## to eli'inate a tripping +a=ard at anappropriate ti'e.

4. %ro iding atta,+'ent at a point abo e t+e wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,e would also ,reate #alle posures #or e'plo ees installing t+eir de i,es. Final positioning o# a pre,ast ,on,rete'e'ber re0uires it to be 'o ed in su,+ a wa t+at it 'ust pass t+roug+ t+e area t+at would

be o,,upied b t+e li#eline and t+e lan ards atta,+ed to t+e point abo e. Resultingentangle'ents o# li#elines and lan ards on a 'o ing 'e'ber ,ould pull e'plo ees #ro' t+ewor; sur#a,e. lso/ t+e stru,ture is being ,reated and/ in 'ost ,ases/ t+ere is no stru,tureabo e t+e 'e'bers being pla,ed.

(a) "e'porar stru,tural supports/ installed to pro ide atta,+ing points #or li#elines li'it t+espa,e w+i,+ is essential #or orderl positioning/ align'ent and pla,e'ent o# t+e pre,ast,on,rete 'e'bers. "o ;eep t+e lan ards a reasonable and 'anageable lengt+/ li#elinesupports would ne,essaril need to be in pro i'it to t+e positioning pro,ess. sudden s+i#to# t+e pre,ast ,on,rete 'e'ber being positioned be,ause o# wind pressure or ,rane'o e'ent ,ould 'a;e it stri;e t+e te'porar supporting stru,ture/ 'o ing it suddenl and,ausing tied o## e'plo ees to #all.

(b) "+e ti'e in 'an+ours w+i,+ would be e pended in pla,ing and 'aintaining te'porarstru,tural supports #or li#eline atta,+ing points ,ould e ,eed t+e e pended 'an+ours



in ol ed in pla,ing t+e pre,ast ,on,rete 'e'bers. &o prote,tion ,ould be pro ided #or t+ee'plo ees ere,ting t+e te'porar stru,tural supports and t+ese supports would +a e to be'o ed #or ea,+ su,,essi e step in t+e ,onstru,tion pro,ess/ t+us greatl in,reasing t+ee'plo eeGs e posure to t+e #all +a=ard.

(,) "+e use o# a ,able strung +ori=ontall between two ,olu'ns to pro ide tie o## lines #or

ere,ting or wal;ing a bea' #or ,onne,ting wor; is not #easible and ,reates a greater +a=ardon t+is 'ulti-stor building #or t+e #ollowing reasons

(1) I# a ,onne,tor is to use su,+ a line/ it 'ust be installed between t+e two ,olu'ns. "o per#or' t+is installation re0uires an ere,tor to +a e 'ore #all e posure ti'e atta,+ing t+e,able to t+e ,olu'ns t+an would be spent to 'a;e t+e bea' to ,olu'n ,onne,tion itsel#.

(2) I# su,+ a line is to be installed so t+at an ere,tor ,an wal; along a bea'/ it 'ust beo er+ead or below +i'. For e a'ple/ i# a ,onne,tor 'ust wal; along a 2 in. wide bea'/ t+e

presen,e o# a line ne t to t+e ,onne,tor at waist le el/ atta,+ed dire,tl to t+e ,olu'ns/ would pre ent t+e ,onne,tor #ro' ,entering t+eir weig+t o er t+e bea' and balan,ing t+e'sel es.

Installing t+e line abo e t+e ,onne,tor 'ig+t be possible on t+e #irst le el o# a two-stor,olu'n +owe er/ t+e ,olu'n 'a e tend onl a #ew #eet abo e t+e #loor le el at t+e se,ondle el or be #lus+ wit+ t+e #loor le el. tta,+ing t+e line to t+e side o# t+e bea' ,ould be asolution +owe er/ it would re0uire t+e ,onne,tor to atta,+ t+e lan ard below #oot le elw+i,+ would 'ost li;el e tend a #all #art+er t+an 6 #t.

(5) B+en lines are strung o er e er bea'/ it be,o'es 'ore and 'ore di##i,ult #or t+e ,raneoperator to lower a pre,ast ,on,rete 'e'ber into position wit+out t+e 'e'ber be,o'ing#ouled. S+ould t+e 'e'ber be,o'e entangled/ it ,ould easil dislodge t+e line #ro' a,olu'n. I# a wor;er is tied to it at t+e ti'e/ a #all ,ould be ,aused.

6. "+e &SI 13.1 -1991 'eri,an &ational Standard #or Constru,tion and De'olitionperations - Re0uire'ents #or Sa#et @elts/ *arnesses/ Lan ards and Li#elines #orConstru,tion and De'olition Ase/ states t+at t+e an,+or point o# a lan ard or de,elerationde i,e s+ould/ i# possible/ be lo,ated abo e t+e wearerGs belt or +arness atta,+'ent. &SI

13.1 also states t+at a suitable an,+orage point is one w+i,+ is lo,ated as +ig+ as possibleto pre ent ,onta,t wit+ an obstru,tion below s+ould t+e wor;er #all. ost 'anu#a,turers alsowarn in t+e userGs +andboo; t+at t+e sa#et blo,;<retra,table li#eline 'ust be positionedabo e t+e D-ring (abo e t+e wor; spa,e o# t+e intended user) and S* re,o''ends t+at#all arrest and restraint e0uip'ent be used in a,,ordan,e wit+ t+e 'anu#a,turerGs instru,tions.

tta,+'ent o# a retra,table de i,e to a +ori=ontal ,able near #loor le el or using t+e inserts int+e #loor or roo# 'e'bers 'a result in in,reased #ree #all due to t+e dorsal D-ring o# t+e#ull-bod +arness riding +ig+er t+an t+e atta,+'ent point o# t+e snap+oo; to t+e ,able orinsert (e.g./ 6 #oot tall wor;er wit+ a dorsal D-ring at 4 #eet abo e t+e #loor or sur#a,e/redu,es t+e wor;ing lengt+ to onl one #oot/ b pla,ing t+e an,+orage #i e #eet awa #ro't+e #all +a=ard). In addition/ i'pa,t loads 'a e ,eed 'a i'u' #all arrest #or,es ( F)

be,ause t+e #all arrest D-ring would be to 4 #eet +ig+er t+an t+e sa#et blo,;<retra,tableli#eline an,+ored to t+e wal;ing-wor;ing sur#a,e and t+e potential #or swing +a=ards isin,reased. anu#a,turers also re0uire t+at wor;ers not wor; at a le el w+ere t+e point o#snap+oo; atta,+'ent to t+e bod +arness is abo e t+e de i,e be,ause t+is will in,rease t+e#ree #all distan,e and t+e de,eleration distan,e and will ,ause +ig+er #or,es on t+e bod in t+e



e ent o# an a,,idental #all.

anu#a,turers re,o''end an an,+orage #or t+e retra,table li#eline w+i,+ is i''o abl#i ed in spa,e and is independent o# t+e userGs support s ste's. 'o eable an,+orage is onew+i,+ ,an be 'o ed around (su,+ as e0uip'ent or w+eeled e+i,les) or w+i,+ ,an de#le,t

substantiall under s+o,; loading (su,+ as a +ori=ontal ,able or er #le ible bea'). In t+e,ase o# a er #le ible an,+orage/ a s+o,; load applied to t+e an,+orage during #all arrest ,an,ause os,illation o# t+e #le ible an,+orage su,+ t+at t+e retra,table bra;e 'e,+anis' 'aundergo one or 'ore , ,les o# lo,;ing<unlo,;ing<lo,;ing (rat,+et e##e,t) until t+e an,+oragede#le,tion is da'pened. "+ere#ore/ use o# a 'o eable an,+orage in ol es ,riti,al engineeringand sa#et #a,tors and s+ould onl be ,onsidered a#ter #i ed an,+orage +as been deter'inedto be not #easible.

*ori=ontal ,ables used as an an,+orage present an additional +a=ard due to a'pli#i,ation o#t+e +ori=ontal ,o'ponent o# 'a i'u' arrest #or,e (o# a #all) trans'itted to t+e points w+eret+e +ori=ontal ,able is atta,+ed to t+e stru,ture. "+is a'pli#i,ation is due to t+e angle o# sag

o# a +ori=ontal ,able and is 'ost se ere #or s'all angles o# sag. For a ,able sag angle o# 2degrees t+e +ori=ontal #or,e on t+e points o# ,able atta,+'ent ,an be a'pli#ied b a #a,tor o#14.

It is also ne,essar to install t+e retra,table de i,e erti,all o er+ead to 'ini'i=e swing#alls. I# an ob e,t is in t+e wor;erGs swing pat+ (or t+at o# t+e ,able) +a=ardous situationse ist (1) due to t+e swing/ +ori=ontal speed o# t+e user 'a be +ig+ enoug+ to ,ause in urw+en an obsta,le in t+e swing #all pat+ is stru,; b eit+er t+e user or t+e ,able (2) t+e total

erti,al #all distan,e o# t+e user 'a be 'u,+ greater t+an i# t+e user +ad #allen onlerti,all wit+out a swing #all pat+.

Bit+ retra,table lines/ o er,on#iden,e 'a ,ause t+e wor;er to engage in inappropriate be+a ior/ su,+ as approa,+ing t+e peri'eter o# a #loor or roo# at a distan,e appre,iablgreater t+an t+e s+ortest distan,e between t+e an,+orage point and t+e leading edge. "+oug+t+e retra,table li#eline 'a arrest a wor;erGs #all be#ore +e or s+e +as #allen a #ew #eet/ t+eli#eline 'a drag along t+e edge o# t+e #loor or bea' and swing t+e wor;er li;e a pendulu'until t+e line +as 'o ed to a position w+ere t+e distan,e between t+e an,+orage point and#loor edge is t+e s+ortest distan,e between t+ose two points. ,,o'pan ing t+is pendulu'swing is a lowering o# t+e wor;er/ wit+ t+e attendant danger t+at +e or s+e 'a iolentli'pa,t t+e #loor or so'e obstru,tion below.

"+e ris; o# a ,able brea;ing is in,reased i# a li#eline is dragged sidewa s a,ross t+e roug+sur#a,e or edge o# a ,on,rete 'e'ber at t+e sa'e 'o'ent t+at t+e li#eline is being sub e,tedto a 'a i'u' i'pa,t loading during a #all. "+e t pi,al 5<16 in. ,able in a retra,table li#eline+as a brea;ing strengt+ o# #ro' 5333 to 5?33 lbs.

?. "+e ,o'petent person/ w+o ,an ta;e into a,,ount t+e spe,iali=ed operations being per#or'ed on t+is pro e,t/ s+ould deter'ine w+en and w+ere a designated ere,tor ,annot usea personal #all arrest s ste'.

@. Sa#et &et S ste's



"+e nature o# t+is parti,ular pre,ast ,on,rete ere,tion wor;site pre,ludes t+e sa#e use o#sa#et nets w+ere point o# ere,tion or leading edge wor; 'ust ta;e pla,e.

1. "o install sa#et nets in t+e interior +ig+ ba o# t+e single stor portion o# t+e building poses rigging atta,+'ent proble's. Stru,tural 'e'bers do not e ist to w+i,+ supportingde i,es #or nets ,an be atta,+ed in t+e area w+ere prote,tion is re0uired. s t+e ere,tionoperation ad an,es/ t+e lo,ation o# point o# ere,tion or leading edge wor; ,+anges ,onstantlas ea,+ 'e'ber is atta,+ed to t+e stru,ture. Due to t+is ,onstant ,+ange it is not #easible toset net se,tions and build separate stru,tures to support t+e nets.

2. "+e nature o# t+e ere,tion pro,ess #or t+e pre,ast ,on,rete 'e'bers is su,+ t+at aninstalled net would prote,t wor;ers as t+e position and se,ure onl one stru,tural 'e'ber.

#ter ea,+ 'e'ber is stabili=ed t+e net would +a e to be 'o ed to a new lo,ation (t+is ,ould'ean a 'o e o# 7 to 13 #t or t+e possibilit o# a 'o e to a di##erent le el or area o# t+estru,ture) to prote,t wor;ers pla,ing t+e ne t pie,e in t+e ,onstru,tion se0uen,e. "+e resultwould be t+e installation and dis'antling o# sa#et nets repeatedl t+roug+out t+e nor'alwor; da . s t+e ti'e ne,essar to install a net/ test/ and re'o e it is signi#i,antl greatert+an t+e ti'e ne,essar to position and se,ure a pre,ast ,on,rete 'e'ber/ t+e e posure ti'e#or t+e wor;er installing t+e sa#et net would be #ar longer t+an #or t+e wor;ers w+o' t+e netis intended to prote,t. "+e ti'e e posure repeats itsel# ea,+ ti'e t+e nets and supporting+ardware 'ust be 'o ed laterall or upward to pro ide prote,tion at t+e point o# ere,tion orleading edge.

5. Stri,t interpretation o# 1926.432(,) re0uires t+at operations s+all not be underta;en untilt+e net is in pla,e and +as been tested. Bit+ t+e point o# ere,tion ,onstantl ,+anging/ t+eti'e ne,essar to install and test a sa#et net signi#i,antl e ,eeds t+e ti'e ne,essar to

position and se,ure t+e ,on,rete 'e'ber.

. Ase o# sa#et nets on e posed peri'eter wall openings and opensided #loors/ ,ausesatta,+'ent points to be le#t in ar,+ite,tural ,on,rete w+i,+ 'ust be pat,+ed and #illed wit+'at,+ing 'aterial a#ter t+e net supporting +ardware is re'o ed. In order to pat,+ t+eseopenings/ additional nu'bers o# e'plo ees 'ust be suspended b swing stages/ boatswain,+airs or ot+er de i,es/ t+ereb in,reasing t+e a'ount o# #all e posure ti'e to e'plo ees.

4. Installed sa#et nets pose an additional +a=ard at t+e peri'eter o# t+e ere,ted stru,turew+ere li'ited spa,e is a ailable in w+i,+ 'e'bers ,an be turned a#ter being li#ted #ro' t+eground b t+e ,rane. "+ere would be a +ig+ probabilit t+at t+e 'e'ber being li#ted ,ould

be,o'e entangled in net +ardware/ ,ables/ et,.

6. "+e use o# sa#et nets w+ere stru,tural wall panels are being ere,ted would pre ent'o e'ent o# panels to point o# installation. "o be e##e,ti e/ nets would ne,essaril +a e to

pro ide prote,tion a,ross t+e area w+ere stru,tural supporting wall panels would be set and plu'bed be#ore roo# units ,ould be pla,ed.

?. Ase o# a tower ,rane #or t+e ere,tion o# t+e +ig+ rise portion o# t+e stru,ture poses a parti,ular +a=ard in t+at t+e ,rane operator ,annot see or udge t+e pro i'it o# t+e load inrelation to t+e stru,ture or nets. I# t+e signaler is loo;ing t+roug+ nets and supportingstru,tural de i,es w+ile gi ing instru,tions to t+e ,rane operator/ it is not possible to udge



pre,ise relations+ips between t+e load and t+e stru,ture itsel# or to nets and supportingstru,tural de i,es. "+is ,ould ,ause t+e load to be,o'e entangled in t+e net or +it t+estru,ture ,ausing potential da'age.

C. :uardrail S ste's

n t+is parti,ular wor;site/ guardrails/ barri,ades/ ropes/ ,ables or ot+er peri'eter guardingde i,es or 'et+ods on t+e ere,tion #loor will pose proble's to sa#e ere,tion pro,edures." pi,all / a #loor or roo# is ere,ted b pla,ing to 13 #t wide stru,tural 'e'bers ne t to oneanot+er and welding or grouting t+e' toget+er. "+e peri'eter o# a #loor and roo# ,+angesea,+ ti'e a new 'e'ber is pla,ed into position. It is unreasonable and irtuall i'possibleto ere,t guardrails and toe boards at t+e e er ,+anging leading edge o# a #loor or roo#.

1. "o position a 'e'ber sa#el it is ne,essar to re'o e all obstru,tions e tending abo e t+e#loor le el near t+e point o# ere,tion. Su,+ a pro,edure allows wor;ers to swing a new'e'ber a,ross t+e ere,ted sur#a,e as ne,essar to position it properl wit+out worr ingabout ;no,;ing 'aterial o## o# t+is sur#a,e.

*ollow ,ore slab ere,tion on t+e 'asonr wall re0uires installation o# t+e peri'eter prote,tion w+ere t+e 'asonr wall +as to be ,onstru,ted. "+is 'eans t+e guardrail isinstalled t+en subse0uentl re'o ed to ,ontinue t+e 'asonr ,onstru,tion. "+e ere,tor will

be e posed to a #all +a=ard #or a longer period o# ti'e w+ile installing and re'o ing peri'eter prote,tion t+an w+ile ere,ting t+e slabs.

In +ollow ,ore wor;/ as in ot+er pre,ast ,on,rete ere,tion/ ot+ers are not t pi,all on t+ewor; de,; until t+e pre,ast ,on,rete ere,tion is ,o'plete. "+e de,; is not ,o'plete until t+ele eling/ aligning/ and grouting o# t+e oints is done. It is nor'al pra,ti,e to ;eep ot+ers o##t+e de,; until at least t+e ne t da a#ter t+e installation is ,o'plete to allow t+e grout to

+arden.

2. "+ere is no per'anent boundar until all stru,tural 'e'bers +a e been pla,ed in t+e #looror roo#. t t+e leading edge/ wor;ers are operating at t+e te'porar edge o# t+e stru,ture ast+e wor; to position t+e ne t 'e'ber in t+e se0uen,e. Co'plian,e wit+ t+e standard wouldre0uire a guardrail and toe board be installed along t+is edge. *owe er/ t+e presen,e o# su,+a de i,e would pre ent a new 'e'ber #ro' being swung o er t+e ere,ted sur#a,e lowenoug+ to allow wor;ers to ,ontrol it sa#el during t+e positioning pro,ess. Furt+er/ t+esee'plo ees would +a e to wor; t+roug+ t+e guardrail to align t+e new 'e'ber and ,onne,t itto t+e stru,ture. "+e guardrail would not prote,t an e'plo ee w+o 'ust lean t+roug+ it to dot+e ne,essar wor;/ rat+er it would +inder t+e e'plo ee to su,+ a degree t+at a greater

+a=ard is ,reated t+an i# t+e guardrail were absent.

5. :uardrail re0uire'ents pose a +a=ard at t+e leading edge o# installed #loor or roo# se,tions b ,reating t+e possibilit o# e'plo ees being ,aug+t between guardrails and suspendedloads. "+e la,; o# a ,lear wor; area in w+i,+ to guide t+e suspended load into position #or

pla,e'ent and welding o# 'e'bers into t+e e isting stru,ture ,reates still #urt+er +a=ards.

. B+ere ere,tion pro,esses re0uire pre,ast ,on,rete stairwa s or openings to be installed asan integral part o# t+e o erall ere,tion pro,ess/ it 'ust also be re,ogni=ed t+at guardrails or



+andrails 'ust not pro e,t abo e t+e sur#a,e o# t+e ere,tion #loor. Su,+ guardrails s+ould beter'inated at t+e le el o# t+e ere,tion #loor to a oid pla,ing +a=ardous obsta,les in t+e pat+o# a 'e'ber being positioned.

. t+er Fall %rote,tion easures Considered #or "+is >ob

"+e #ollowing is a list and e planation o# ot+er #all prote,tion 'easures a ailable and ane planation o# li'itations #or use on t+is parti,ular obsite. I# during t+e ,ourse o# ere,tingt+e building t+e e'plo ee sees an area t+at ,ould be ere,ted 'ore sa#el b t+e use o# t+ese#all prote,tion 'easures/ t+e #ore'an s+ould be noti#ied.

. S,a##olds are not used be,ause

1. "+e leading edge o# t+e building is ,onstantl ,+anging and t+e s,a##olding would +a e to be 'o ed at er #re0uent inter als. !'plo ees ere,ting and dis'antling t+e s,a##oldingwould be e posed to #all +a=ards #or a greater lengt+ o# ti'e t+an t+e would b 'erelere,ting t+e pre,ast ,on,rete 'e'ber.

2. s,a##old tower ,ould inter#ere wit+ t+e sa#e swinging o# a load b t+e ,rane.

5. %ower lines/ terrain and site do not allow #or t+e sa#e use o# s,a##olding.

@. e+i,le 'ounted plat#or's are not used be,ause

1. e+i,le 'ounted plat#or' will not rea,+ areas on t+e de,; t+at are ere,ted o er ot+erle els.

2. "+e leading edge o# t+e building is usuall o er a lower le el o# t+e building and t+is

lower le el will not support t+e weig+t o# a e+i,le 'ounted plat#or'.

5. e+i,le 'ounted plat#or' ,ould inter#ere wit+ t+e sa#e swinging o# a load b t+e ,rane/eit+er b t+e ,rane swinging t+e load o er or into t+e e0uip'ent.

. %ower lines and surrounding site wor; do not allow #or t+e sa#e use o# a e+i,le 'ounted plat#or'.

C. Crane suspended personnel plat#or's are not used be,ause

1. se,ond ,rane ,lose enoug+ to suspend an e'plo ee in t+e wor;ing and ere,ting area,ould inter#ere wit+ t+e sa#e swinging o# a load b t+e ,rane +oisting t+e produ,t to beere,ted.

2. %ower lines and surrounding site wor; do not allow #or t+e sa#e use o# a se,ond ,rane ont+e ob.

I. !n#or,e'ent

Constant awareness o# and respe,t #or #all +a=ards/ and ,o'plian,e wit+ all sa#et rules are



"+is Fall %rote,tion %lan addresses t+e use o# ,on entional #all prote,tion at a nu'ber o#areas on t+e pro e,t/ as well as identi#ies spe,i#i, a,ti ities t+at re0uire non-,on entional'eans o# #all prote,tion. During t+e ,onstru,tion o# residential buildings under 7 #eet in+eig+t/ it is so'eti'es in#easible or it ,reates a greater +a=ard to use ,on entional #all

prote,tion s ste's at spe,i#i, areas or #or spe,i#i, tas;s. "+e areas or tas;s 'a in,lude/ butare not li'ited to

$& "etting $nd #r$cing o! roo! tru e $nd r$!ter #& In t$ll$tion o! !loor e$t ing $nd oi t c& oo! e$t ing o er$tion $nd d& Grecting exterior $ll &

In t+ese ,ases/ ,on entional #all prote,tion s ste's 'a not be t+e sa#est ,+oi,e #or builders."+is plan is designed to enable e'plo ers and e'plo ees to re,ogni=e t+e #all +a=ardsasso,iated wit+ t+is ob and to establis+ t+e sa#est pro,edures t+at are to be #ollowed in orderto pre ent #alls to lower le els or t+roug+ +oles and openings in wal;ing<wor;ing sur#a,es.

!a,+ e'plo ee will be trained in t+ese pro,edures and will stri,tl ad+ere to t+e' e ,eptw+en doing so would e pose t+e e'plo ee to a greater +a=ard. I#/ in t+e e'plo eeGs opinion/t+is is t+e ,ase/ t+e e'plo ee is to noti# t+e ,o'petent person o# t+eir ,on,ern and +a e t+e,on,ern addressed be#ore pro,eeding.

It is t+e responsibilit o# (na'e o# ,o'petent person) to i'ple'ent t+is Fall %rote,tion %lan.Continual obser ational sa#et ,+e,;s o# wor; operations and t+e en#or,e'ent o# t+e sa#et

poli, and pro,edures s+all be regularl en#or,ed. "+e ,rew super isor or #ore'an (insertna'e) is responsible #or ,orre,ting an unsa#e pra,ti,es or ,onditions i''ediatel .

It is t+e responsibilit o# t+e e'plo er to ensure t+at all e'plo ees understand and ad+ere tot+e pro,edures o# t+is plan and to #ollow t+e instru,tions o# t+e ,rew super isor. It is also t+eresponsibilit o# t+e e'plo ee to bring to 'anage'entGs attention an unsa#e or +a=ardous,onditions or pra,ti,es t+at 'a ,ause in ur to eit+er t+e'sel es or an ot+er e'plo ees.

n ,+anges to t+e Fall %rote,tion %lan 'ust be appro ed b (na'e o# 0uali#ied person).

II. Fall %rote,tion S ste's "o @e Ased on "+is >ob

Installation o# roo# trusses<ra#ters/ e terior wall ere,tion/ roo# s+eat+ing/ #loor s+eat+ing and oist<truss a,ti ities will be ,ondu,ted b e'plo ees w+o are spe,i#i,all trained to do t+ist pe o# wor; and are trained to re,ogni=e t+e #all +a=ards. "+e nature o# su,+ wor; nor'alle poses t+e e'plo ee to t+e #all +a=ard #or a s+ort period o# ti'e. "+is %lan details +ow(Jour ,o'pan na'e +ere) will 'ini'i=e t+ese +a=ards.

Controlled ,,ess Nones

B+en using t+e %lan to i'ple'ent t+e #all prote,tion options a ailable/ wor;ers 'ust be prote,ted t+roug+ li'ited a,,ess to +ig+ +a=ard lo,ations. @e#ore an non-,on entional #all prote,tion s ste's are used as part o# t+e wor; plan/ a ,ontrolled a,,ess =one (C N) s+all be,learl de#ined b t+e ,o'petent person as an area w+ere a re,ogni=ed +a=ard e ists. "+ede'ar,ation o# t+e C N s+all be ,o''uni,ated b t+e ,o'petent person in a re,ogni=ed



'anner/ eit+er t+roug+ signs/ wires/ tapes/ ropes or ,+ains.

(Jour ,o'pan na'e +ere) s+all ta;e t+e #ollowing steps to ensure t+at t+e C N is ,learl'ar;ed or ,ontrolled b t+e ,o'petent person

ll a,,ess to t+e C N 'ust be restri,ted to aut+ori=ed entrants

ll wor;ers w+o are per'itted in t+e C N s+all be listed in t+e appropriate se,tions o# t+e%lan (or be isibl identi#iable b t+e ,o'petent person) prior to i'ple'entation

"+e ,o'petent person s+all ensure t+at all prote,ti e ele'ents o# t+e C N be i'ple'ented prior to t+e beginning o# wor;.

Installation %ro,edures #or Roo# "russ and Ra#ter !re,tion

During t+e ere,tion and bra,ing o# roo# trusses<ra#ters/ ,on entional #all prote,tion 'a present a greater +a=ard to wor;ers. n t+is ob/ sa#et nets/ guardrails and personal #allarrest s ste's will not pro ide ade0uate #all prote,tion be,ause t+e nets will ,ause t+e wallsto ,ollapse/ w+ile t+ere are no suitable atta,+'ent or an,+orage points #or guardrails or

personal #all arrest s ste's.

n t+is ob/ re0uiring wor;ers to use a ladder #or t+e entire installation pro,ess will ,ause agreater +a=ard be,ause t+e wor;er 'ust stand on t+e ladder wit+ +is ba,; or side to t+e #ronto# t+e ladder. B+ile ere,ting t+e truss or ra#ter t+e wor;er will need bot+ +ands to 'aneu ert+e truss and t+ere#ore ,annot +old onto t+e ladder. In addition/ ladders ,annot be ade0uatel

prote,ted #ro' 'o e'ent w+ile trusses are being 'aneu ered into pla,e. an wor;ers 'ae perien,e additional #atigue be,ause o# t+e in,rease in o er+ead wor; wit+ +ea 'aterials/w+i,+ ,an also lead to a greater +a=ard.

! terior s,a##olds ,annot be utili=ed on t+is ob be,ause t+e ground/ a#ter re,ent ba,;#illing/,annot support t+e s,a##olding. In 'ost ,ases/ t+e ere,tion and dis'antling o# t+e s,a##oldwould e pose wor;ers to a greater #all +a=ard t+an ere,tion o# t+e trusses<ra#ters.

n all walls eig+t #eet or less/ wor;ers will install interior s,a##olds along t+e interior wall below t+e lo,ation w+ere t+e trusses<ra#ters will be ere,ted. Saw+orse s,a##olds ,onstru,tedo# 6 in,+ saw+orses and 2 13 plan;s will o#ten allow wor;ers to be ele ated +ig+ enoug+ toallow #or t+e ere,tion o# trusses and ra#ters wit+out wor;ing on t+e top plate o# t+e wall.

In stru,tures t+at +a e walls +ig+er t+an eig+t #eet and w+ere t+e use o# s,a##olds and ladders

would ,reate a greater +a=ard/ sa#e wor;ing pro,edures will be utili=ed w+en wor;ing on t+etop plate and will be 'onitored b t+e ,rew super isor. During all stages o# truss<ra#terere,tion t+e stabilit o# t+e trusses<ra#ters will be ensured at all ti'es.

(Jour ,o'pan na'e +ere) s+all ta;e t+e #ollowing steps to prote,t wor;ers w+o are e posedto #all +a=ards w+ile wor;ing #ro' t+e top plate installing trusses<ra#ters

nl t+e #ollowing trained wor;ers will be allowed to wor; on t+e top plate during roo# trussor ra#ter installation



In t+e e ent t+at an e'plo ee #alls or t+ere is so'e ot+er related/ serious in,ident o,,urring/t+is plan s+all be re iewed to deter'ine i# additional pra,ti,es/ pro,edures/ or training needto be i'ple'ented to pre ent si'ilar t pes o# #alls or in,idents #ro' o,,urring.

. C+anges to %lan

n ,+anges to t+e plan will be appro ed b (na'e o# t+e 0uali#ied person). "+is plan s+all be re iewed b a 0uali#ied person as t+e ob progresses to deter'ine i# additional pra,ti,es/ pro,edures or training needs to be i'ple'ented b t+e ,o'petent person to i'pro e or pro ide additional #all prote,tion. Bor;ers s+all be noti#ied and trained/ i# ne,essar / in t+enew pro,edures. ,op o# t+is plan and all appro ed ,+anges s+all be 'aintained at t+e

obsite.

Scaffold and Fall Protection

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Transcript of Scaffold and Fall Protection