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POWER DISTRIBUTION SUBSTATION AUTOMATION

USING SCADA

PREPARED BY PUNEET SINGH THAKUR M.E.(DIGITAL INSTRUMENTATION)

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What is power substation automation??

• Power substation automation is the act of automatically controlling the power system via SCADA based monitoring system. Substation automation refers to using data from Intelligent electronic devices (like RTU, PLC…..) heaving control and automation capabilities within the substation, and control commands from remote users to control power-system substation.

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Classification of Power substation Automation Generation Automation Distribution Automation

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Basic feature of Power distribution substation Automation

Fault findingPower measurementTheft findingControlling the area

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Control Functional Steps of SCADAThe following functional steps are performed by the SCADA for managing the overall power system network:1. Every data points of the substation equipments are connected with

the RTU by using wire. When any substation is remote or manually operated then the RTU gathers operational information in the central database through micro-wave linkage which is transferred to the SCADA master.

2. The daily operation and supervision is maintained by data historian & different PLCs for overall operation of the electrical network.

6Block diagram representation of typical substation

7Actual view on SCADA monitor of field

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FAULT PASSAGE INDICATOR

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HOW SYSTEM FORM USING FPI

10System configuration and function distribution

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The power distribution has two modes of operation :

Auto Mode: In this mode, the PLC monitors and controls the power distribution according to the logic built in the memory.

Manual Mode: In this mode the controlled capability of the PLC is bypassed and SCADA now only monitors the power distribution status. The power distribution is done manually by the operator. This mode is used only in case of emergency conditions when all the environmental checks etc are to be bypassed and the systems need to be kept ON.

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BENEFITS OF POWER SYSTEM AUTOMATION

Improved quality of service and reduced manpower requirements. Improved reliability with reduced system implementation costs. Maintenance/expansion of customer base and Reduced operating

costs. High value service provider. Improved customer access to information and also improved

information for engineering decisions. Enterprise information accessibility along with improved information

for planning decisions.

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LIMITATION

Initial cost of the system.Required skilled professionals to operate the system.Some system has vendor specific protocol this restrict the userAs system uses WAN and other open internet protocol the system

security is also the matter.

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COMPARASION BETWEEN SCADA & DCS

DCS and SCADA are monitoring and control mechanisms that are used in industrial installations to keep track and control of the processes and equipment; to ensure that everything goes smoothly, and none of the equipment work outside the specified limits.

DCS, or Distributed Control System, is process oriented, as it focuses more on the processes in each step of the operation. SCADA, or Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition, focuses more on the acquisition and collation of data for reference of the personnel who are charged with keeping track of the operation.

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Continued…….In terms of applications, DCS is the system of choice for installations

that are limited to a small locale, like a single factory or plant, while SCADA is preferred when the entire system is spread across a much larger geographic location

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REFERENCES1. "Application and Evaluation of Automatic Fault Recording Devices", IEEE

Power System Relaying Committee Report, IEEE Transactions of Power Apparatus and Systems, Volume PAS-84, No. 12, pp. 1187-1203, December, 2005.

2. Controlling of Electrical Power System Network by using SCADA International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 3, Issue 10, October-2012 ISSN 2229-5518.

3. ‘PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS’ by ‘Frank D. Petruzella’ Third Edition.

4. www.nortechonline.co.uk