SAT Prep 3-06-08
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Transcript of SAT Prep 3-06-08
SAT Prep 3-06-08
Quizzes/Prefix/Grammar
Quiz Time
Here's the quiz
Prefixes
Arch/Archi- Chief, principal Architect
the deviser, maker, or creator of anything: Archenemy
a chief enemy.
Archy- Ruler Monarchy
supreme power or sovereignty held by a single person. Anarchy
a state of society without government or law.
Prefix
Art- Skill, craft Art
the craft or trade using these principles or methods Artificial
made by human skill;
Auc/Aug/Aux- to increase Auction
a publicly held sale at which property or goods are sold to the highest bidder.
Augment to make larger; enlarge in size, number, strength, or
extent; increase:
Prefix
Auto-self Automatic
having the capability of starting, operating, moving, etc., independently
Be- to be, to have a certain quality Belittle Belated Befriend Belie
Subject/Verb Agreement This is probably the easiest question to get
correct. In many cases, people get confused as to when to
add an “s” to the end of the main verb. I.E. Say or says? When do you use either one?
ISE
3rd person singular, add “s” to the verb He eats pizza. The dog runs everyday. Ben poos every morning. Terrance, the acclaimed songwriter, says that he
doesn't like opera. 3rd person singular includes subjective
pronouns like (He/She/It), names, or groups
3rd person singular includes subjective pronouns like (He/She/It/They), names, or groups
Some subjects sounds plural but are really singular Everyone/Everybody Nobody Everything/Altogether Whoever/Whatever/Whenever Committee/Board of Directors/Congress/Chamber of
Deputies (etc.)
ISE
Conjunctions can get difficult as well: John AND I see Mary. (AND is plural) Either John OR Bob dates Mary (OR is singular) Either John OR I date Mary (Even though OR is singular,
you must go with the conjugation of the word closest to the verb, which is I DATE)
Neither John NOR I date Mary (Same rule as above) Both John AND I date Mary. (Same as AND)
Pronoun/Antecedent Agreement
What are pronouns? Subject- I, You, He/She/It, We, You, They, Who Object- Me, You, Him/Her/It, Us, You, Them,
Whom What are antecedents?
Specific nouns Like names, places, etc
Why is it important to memorize subject/object pronouns for ISE? What this means is that "he" is a pronoun that
replaces the subject of the sentence while "him" replaces a direct or indirect object in the sentence.
Example
The teacher told me that I gave him a hard time when I wouldn't tell him to who I handed the paper. What is the mistake?
“Who” should be replaced with “whom” Anytime you face the word “to” it will always follow with “whom”
Pronoun/Antecedent Agreements
Ambiguous Questions William raced Harry and he was clearly the winner.
Whenever a sentence is not clear, most likely it is wrong.
Comparison with pronouns I am a better writer than she.
Make sure that the pronouns are the same when comparing.
Verb Tenses
Conjugation Errors I go to the pool I goes to the pool I lay down and sleep every night I lie down and sleep every night
Since you are doing the action “every night” you have to change the verb to present tense.
http://www2.gsu.edu/~wwwesl/egw/verbs.htm
Verb Tenses
Tense Errors You should also make sure that the tense of a
verb being used matches the context. Yesterday I go to the beach. Last Monday I will have bought at least four bushels
of corn.
Verb Tenses
If I was a rich man, I would buy everyone a new car.
When you make a sentence using a condition, you must use the "were... would" construction. If I were a rich man, I would buy everyone a new
car.
Adjectives
When comparing two items, must add “er” to the adjective Yesterday is hotter than today This laptop is more expensive than that laptop.
When comparing three or more, must as “est” to the adjective Today is the hottest day of the month. This is the most expensive laptop in the store.
Adjectives
Correct/Incorrect Mike is bigger than he. Between Mike, Scott, and Ted, Mike is the
biggest. Among my friends, I am the smarter one. The students at King High are smartest than the
students at Lincoln High.
Adverbs
Adverbs describe verbs and other adjectives. Even a person who drives carefully cannot
operate a motor vehicle when he is under the influence of alcohol.
He slowly walked to the classroom.
The College Board will not ask you what an
adverb is. Rather, it will ask you questions in
which it mixes up adverbs and adjectives.
Adverbs
What is wrong with these sentences?
If you want to arrive on time you better leave quick.
I told him that he did a well job on the assignment.
Verbs
Three types of verbs Infinitive- to+verb
form of a verb that can be used to replace a noun, adjective, or adverb
Gerund- verb+ing Present progressive form of a verb that can be used
to replace a noun. Participle
Present progressive or perfect/past ("-ed" or "-ing") form of a verb that replaces an adjective.
Panting, I caught my breath
Verbals
You should know how they are correctly applied to a sentence. He said that I should really start to instruct the
kids, including to teach them reading.
The sentence is very confusing because "to teach" is actually an incorrectly-placed infinitive. The verb should be conjugated to its proper form, which makes the sentence much clearer.
The only way you will become proficient with these verbals is by to practice them.
Singing my prepared song, the audience all clapped for me.
Word Choice
Sometimes during the SAT, you will face a sentence that sounds like these I cannot except any kind of personal check. There are many affects of global warming that
are starting to show up.
Commonly Mistaken Word-Pairs
Write/right Affect/effect Infamous/famous Conscience/Conscious Principal/Principle It's/Its (The word it's is a contraction for "it
is") Contraction/Contradiction
Parallelism
Sometimes you might come across sentences like these: I like to eat, play volleyball, surf, and also I can
sing. Reading is my favorite hobby even though to
play baseball is America's. Doesn't he understand that knowing how to
throw, catch, and how to tackle are fundamentals of football?
Parallelism
What is parallelism? The structure of one part of a sentence should
match the structure of the others. The SAT's will be littered tremendously with
these types of errors, so have your eyes aware for this.
Miscellaneous
Speaking Errors Sometimes we use incorrect grammar when we
speak. This seeps into our understanding of grammar. Here are some speaking errors you should be aware of
I ain’t going to listen to her anymore. (I am not going to listen to her anymore.)
He use to be my friend. (He used to be my friend.) Irregardless of your opinion on abortion, you must admit
that there are many perspectives in the debate. (Regardless of your position…)
I should of taken those groceries out. (I should have taken those groceries out.)
You aren’t suppose to mess with her. (You aren’t supposed to mess with her.)
Miscellaneous
Double Negatives Two negatives cannot be next to each other
Haven't never Couldn't never Couldn't hardly Can't barely
Could be an outright negative or a word that has a negative connotation. Be aware!