SAR of MH370 - Lesson Learnt Noor Izhar Baharin Department of Civil Aviation, Malaysia.
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Transcript of SAR of MH370 - Lesson Learnt Noor Izhar Baharin Department of Civil Aviation, Malaysia.
SCOPE
IntroductionMalaysian SAR
OrganisationSAR MH370International EffortChallengesLesson LearntConclusion
HISTORY OF THE FLIGHT
• At 00:41 LT (16:41UTC) on 8 March 2014, Saturday, a Boeing 777-2H6ER, registration 9M-MRO and call-sign MH 370, departed from runway 32 Right (32R) at Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA), Malaysia on a scheduled flight to Beijing, China.
• On board the aircraft were 2 flight crew, 10 cabin crew and 227 passengers (a total of 239 persons on board).
• MH370 was reported missing after passing waypoint IGARI while en-route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing.
SAR ORGANISATION
NATIONAL SAR COMMITTEE
TREASURY NATIONAL SEC. COUNCIL
ASSISTING SAR DEPTS & AGENCIES
Airforce Navy Pollice Fire and Rescue
MRCC/MRSCMRCC/MRSC ARCC/ARSCARCC/ARSC
MARITIME ENF. AGENCY DEPT OF CIVIL AVIATION (DCA)
M-SAR WORKING GROUP(CHAIRMAN : DG MMEA)
A-SAR WORKING GROUP(CHAIRMAN : DG DEPT CIVIL AVIATION)
MARITIME SAR (M-SARMARITIME SAR (M-SAR)) AERONAUTICAL SAR (A-SAR)AERONAUTICAL SAR (A-SAR)
CABINET
Marine Dept
SAR MH370
• SINGAPORE AIRSPACE (FIR)• IGARI – AIRSPACE
DELEGATED TO MALAYSIA• SAR RESPONSIBILITY –
SINGAPORE SRR• IGARI – TRANSFER POINT
BETWEEN KL/ HCM
FIRST PHASE : EAST & WEST OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
EAST (SECONDARY RADAR LAST KNOWN POSITION)
Search Area: 213,000 sqkm in the Eastern SCS.
Countries Involved Search:Malaysia, China, Singapore, Brunei,
Indonesia, USA, Japan, Vietnam, Thailand, Philippine
DAY 8 : 15 MAC 2014
WEST(PRIMARY RADAR LAST KNOWN POSITION)
Search Area : 4.56 million sqkm
Straits of Malacca, Andaman Sea, Bay of Bengal, West of Sumatra
Countries Involved Search:Malaysia, China, Mynmar, Singapore, USA, UAE, Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia, India, Thailand, Korea 7
8 March
12 March
FIRST PHASE FIRST PHASE : TOTAL SEARCH AREA: TOTAL SEARCH AREA
• Northern search area = 4.8million sqkm;• Nations shared radar info and confirmed MH370 did not fly over their airspace.
8
SECOND FHASE
15th March 2014, based on the International Investigation Team experts report which consisted of INMARSAT, NTSB, AAIB, MAS and
DCA, Prime Minister announced that the SAR Operation on the Eastern and Western parts (First Phase) of Peninsular Malaysia will be
suspended. .
SECOND PHASESECOND PHASE: : NORTHERN CORRIDOR
LAOS, VIETNAM, MYANMAR, CHINA, INDIA, PAKISTAN,
BANGLADESH, UZBEKISTAN, KAZAKHSTAN, KYRGYSTAN,
THAILAND, CAMBODIA,
NEPAL, TAJIKISTAN,
TURKMENISTAN,
LAND•Asset : Aircraft (Malaysia & International)•Satellite Tracking (USA, France, China, Australia)
Note : G – G Coordination, lead by MOFA
SECOND PHASESECOND PHASE: SOUTHERN INDIAN OCEAN: SOUTHERN INDIAN OCEAN
INDONESIA SRR
AUSTRALIA SRR
SEA•Vessel •Aircraft•Satellite (USA, France, China, Australia)
Note : G – G Coordination, lead by MOFA
MAS CAREGIVERS
601 caregivers and volunteers to assist the family
members of passengers MH370.
700++ NOK’S
• Based on International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue [IAMSAR] Manual
ICAO Annex 12, Search and Rescue
SAR : CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS
CHALLENGES
•a) Due to the complexity of the MH370 event, compounded with the absence of conventional data, such as aircraft last known position, altitude, speed, actual flight route to determine the correct datum, hindered the effectiveness of the SAR operations.
•b) Absence of distress beacon detections.
• c) The verification of the military radar data took longer than expected and this resulted in the KL ARCC initially conducting the search in the Eastern and Western areas of Peninsular Malaysia.
• d) The insufficient number of adequately dedicated SAR personnel at the KL ARCC hampered the rostering of SAR personnel in the RCC over a prolonged period of time as all SAR personnel are air traffic controller rostered for operational duties at KL ATCC. At the same time, many SAR trained officers were also assigned tasks in ops room at various locations either at the main operations room, hotels in the city, and briefing to the Next of Kin other than training for KLIA2 opening.
CHALLENGES
e) The outdated directory of SPOC within the Asia Pacific region as stated in ICAO documents delayed the transfer of information between the respective RCC’s.
f) Incomplete detailed information made available to the KL ARCC on how certain search area was derived hampered fast action by other States, as they are acquiring this information to do their SAR operation.
• g) The participation of numerous military organizations during the search required continuous detailed briefings to be given. This turned out to be a daunting task. The availability of a Liaison Officer from BASARNAS and AMSA at the KL ARCC ensured smoother coordination of the SAR operation.
• h) The lack of understanding on Annex 12 provision by many parties hampered RCC direction in the SAR operation
CHALLENGES
• Managing SAR involving multidiscipline, multinational parties, civil and military need a well structured organization supported by a legal framework
LESSON LEARNT/RECCOMENDATIONS
Establish requirements for real time global tracking of commercial aircraft;
Extend the transmission life of Underwater Locator Beacons installed in flight recorders on all commercial aircraft;
Increase recording time of Cockpit Voice Recorder beyond 120 minutes;
Review Air Traffic Control (ATC) procedures on handing over aircraft between FIRs.
Improve Civil/Military airspace coordination & communication.
Review Emergency Response Plan (ERP)
To establish a legal framework defining the roles and responsibilities of various agencies in supporting SAR operations
Handling of media;
To have good communication team; Written statement/text; Nominated spoke person; Statement to be transparent, verified and corroborated;
Handling NOK;
Set up NOK committee; Appoint special care-givers; Continuous updating progress; Understand emotion, cultural and belief;
LESSON LEARNT/RECCOMENDATIONS
There is more to SAR than flying missions
SAR needs:• regulation• legislation, • Structured Organisation • management • proper planning, • documentation and• effective coordination.
Conclusion