SAP TM8.1

SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM)

Release 8.1

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SAP Transportation Management 8.1

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Table of ContentsSAP Transportation Management (SAP TM) ................................................................................ 16 Introductory Information ............................................................................................................. 19 Master Data................................................................................................................................ 20 Business Partner .................................................................................................................... 21 Definition of Business Partners........................................................................................... 22 Business Partner Blocking .................................................................................................. 24 Carrier Profile ...................................................................................................................... 26 Definition of Carrier Profiles ............................................................................................ 27 Organizational Management .................................................................................................. 29 Creation of Organizational Models ..................................................................................... 30 Organizational Unit .......................................................................................................... 31 Assigning Employees to Organizational Units ............................................................ 32 Changing of Organizational Models ................................................................................... 33 Workflow in SAP Transportation Management................................................................... 34 Approval Check ............................................................................................................... 35 Transportation Network .......................................................................................................... 37 Transportation Network Cockpit ......................................................................................... 38 Location .............................................................................................................................. 40 One-Time Location .......................................................................................................... 42 Transshipment Location .................................................................................................. 44 Define Transshipment Location Assignments ............................................................. 45 Examples for the Transshipment Location .................................................................. 46 Transshipment Location Chain .................................................................................... 50 Definition of Transshipment Location Chains ...................................................... 51 Definition of Locations ..................................................................................................... 52 Operating Times .......................................................................................................... 54 Deleting Locations ........................................................................................................... 55 Application Logs for Locations ........................................................................................ 57 Use of Change Documents for Locations ....................................................................... 58 Definition of Alternative Location Identifiers .................................................................... 59 Transportation Zone ........................................................................................................... 60 Definition of Transportation Zones .................................................................................. 61 Transportation Zone Hierarchy ....................................................................................... 62 Defining a Transportation Zone Hierarchy .................................................................. 63 Calculation of Geographical Data for a Transportation Zone ......................................... 64 Determination of Locations Within a Transportation Zone .............................................. 65

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Transportation Lane ............................................................................................................ 67 Definition of Transportation Lanes .................................................................................. 68 Use of Change Documents for Transportation Lanes .................................................... 70 Distance and Duration Determination (DDD) .................................................................. 71 Lane, Distance, and Duration Determination (LDDD) ..................................................... 72 Schedule ............................................................................................................................. 73 Schedule (New Concept) ................................................................................................ 74 Creating Schedules ..................................................................................................... 75 Example: Schedules .................................................................................................... 77 Default Route .................................................................................................................. 79 Schedule (Old Concept) .................................................................................................. 80 Definition of Schedules ................................................................................................ 81 Creating a Stop Sequence for a Schedule .......................................................... 84 Assigning a Departure Calendar to a Schedule .................................................. 86 Assigning a Carrier to a MTr of a Schedule ........................................................ 88 Copying Schedules .............................................................................................. 89 Manipulating Individual Departures ..................................................................... 90 Departure Calendar ..................................................................................................... 91 Defining a Departure Calendar ............................................................................ 92 Manipulating Individual Departures ..................................................................... 93 Product ................................................................................................................................... 94 Definition of Products .......................................................................................................... 95 Deleting Products ............................................................................................................ 96 Use of Change Documents for Products ............................................................................ 97 Equipment .............................................................................................................................. 98 Definition of Equipment Groups and Equipment Types ..................................................... 99 Definition of Resources ........................................................................................................ 100 Resource Types ................................................................................................................ 101 Calendar Resource ....................................................................................................... 102 Vehicle Resource .......................................................................................................... 103 Definition of Means of Transport ............................................................................... 105 Definition of Means-of-Transport Combinations ................................................ 108 Definition of Compartments ....................................................................................... 109 Examples of Compartments .............................................................................. 110 Definition of Dimensions and Units of Measurement ................................................ 116 Handling Resource ........................................................................................................ 118 Creating, Copying, and Deleting Resources .................................................................... 119 Creating Handling, Vehicle, and Calendar Resources ................................................. 120 Copying Resources ....................................................................................................... 122 Copying Resources from Templates ............................................................................. 123

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Deleting Resources ....................................................................................................... 125 Definition of Capacity ........................................................................................................ 126 Definition of Capacity Variants ...................................................................................... 127 Specification of Definitions ........................................................................................ 128 Creating Definitions ........................................................................................... 131 Creating Capacity Variants ........................................................................................ 133 Definition of Capacity Profiles ....................................................................................... 134 Determination of the Valid Available Capacity .............................................................. 136 Definition of Availability ..................................................................................................... 138 Definition of Downtimes .................................................................................................... 139 Definition of Qualifications ................................................................................................ 140 Definition of Attached Equipment ..................................................................................... 141 Definition of Physical Properties ....................................................................................... 142 Definition of Grouping Attributes ....................................................................................... 143 Definition of Alternative Names ........................................................................................ 144 Charge Management............................................................................................................ 145 Setup of Master Data for Charge Management................................................................ 147 Condition ....................................................................................................................... 149 Rules and Conditions for Charge Management ........................................................ 150 BRFplus for Charge Management ............................................................................. 152 Agreement ..................................................................................................................... 153 Agreement Maintenance ........................................................................................... 156 Calculation Sheet .......................................................................................................... 159 Calculation Sheet Maintenance ................................................................................. 162 Rate ............................................................................................................................... 166 Rate Definition and Maintenance .............................................................................. 169 Scale ............................................................................................................................. 173 Scale Maintenance .................................................................................................... 175 Master Data Cockpit ...................................................................................................... 177 Charge Calculation ........................................................................................................... 179 Calculation Logic ........................................................................................................... 182 Calculation Profile ......................................................................................................... 185 External Agreements ..................................................................................................... 187 Rate Determination with Partial Information ................................................................. 189 Charges Overview ......................................................................................................... 190 Forwarding Order Management ............................................................................................... 193 Forwarding Order ................................................................................................................. 194

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Settings for the Forwarding Order .................................................................................... 198 Creation of a Forwarding Order ........................................................................................ 200 Attributes for Process Control ....................................................................................... 203 Uncontrolled Transportation .......................................................................................... 205 Incoterms in Forwarding Orders ................................................................................... 206 Credit Limit Check ......................................................................................................... 209 Editing of a Forwarding Order........................................................................................... 211 Confirmation and Completion of a Forwarding Order ....................................................... 214 Direct Creation of Freight Documents and Selection of Schedules ................................. 216 Forwarding Quotation ........................................................................................................... 219 Creation and Editing of a Forwarding Quotation .............................................................. 221 Creation of Forwarding Order Items or Forwarding Quotation Items ................................... 224 Example for the Creation of Items .................................................................................... 228 Handling Discrepancies .................................................................................................... 230 Determination of the Route .................................................................................................. 232 Change Tracking in Forwarding Order Management ........................................................... 237 Processing of Changes and Deletion of Forwarding Orders and Forwarding Quotations ... 238 ERP Logistics Integration ......................................................................................................... 240 Configuring Integration of Orders and Deliveries ................................................................. 242 Delivery Profile .................................................................................................................. 246 Scheduling of SAP ERP Sales Orders in SAP TM............................................................... 247 Sample Process: Creating a Sales Order ......................................................................... 252 Sample Process: Changing a Sales Order ....................................................................... 255 Sample Process: Rescheduling ........................................................................................ 258 Integration of ERP Orders and Deliveries in Transp. Planning ............................................ 261 Integration of ERP Orders ................................................................................................ 265 Order-Based Transportation Requirement .................................................................... 268 Creation of ERP Deliveries from SAP TM ........................................................................ 271 Creation of Delivery Proposals ..................................................................................... 274 Monitoring of Delivery Creation ..................................................................................... 277 Integration of ERP Deliveries............................................................................................ 279 Delivery-Based Transportation Requirement ................................................................ 283 Consumption of Order-Based Transportation Requirements ....................................... 285 Integration of Changed and Deleted ERP Orders and Deliveries .................................... 288 Processing Changed or Deleted Orders from ERP ...................................................... 290 Processing Changed, Deleted, or Split Deliveries from ERP ....................................... 293 Integration of SAP TM and SAP ERP Shipment Processing ............................................... 298

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Shipment Integration Based on Freight Orders ................................................................ 300 Shipment Integration Based on Freight Bookings ............................................................ 303 Shipment-Based Tendering .............................................................................................. 306 Freight Order Management ...................................................................................................... 310 Freight Order ........................................................................................................................ 312 Creation and Editing of Freight Orders ............................................................................. 314 Manually Creating Freight Orders .................................................................................... 316 Direct Creation of Freight Orders ..................................................................................... 318 External Communication in Overland Transportation ....................................................... 320 Freight Orders with Non-Linear Stages ............................................................................ 321 Freight Booking .................................................................................................................... 323 Creation and Editing of Freight Bookings ......................................................................... 326 Manually Creating Freight Bookings ................................................................................. 328 External Communication in Sea Traffic and Air Traffic ..................................................... 331 Pick-up and Delivery Freight Orders ................................................................................ 332 Buyer's Consolidation ....................................................................................................... 334 LCL Freight Bookings ....................................................................................................... 336 FCL Freight Bookings ....................................................................................................... 337 Service Order ....................................................................................................................... 338 Creation and Editing of Service Orders ............................................................................ 340 Manually Creating Service Orders .................................................................................... 341 Quantities and Capacities .................................................................................................... 343 Example of Quantity Totaling............................................................................................ 345 Discrepancies ................................................................................................................... 347 Quantity Discrepancies ................................................................................................. 348 Other Discrepancies ...................................................................................................... 349 Goods Information ................................................................................................................ 350 Freight Tendering ................................................................................................................. 351 Basic Settings for Tendering............................................................................................. 353 Tendering Profile ........................................................................................................... 355 Communication Channels in Tendering ........................................................................ 357 Transportation Lanes in Tendering ............................................................................... 358 Change Controller in Tendering .................................................................................... 359 Calculation of Price Limits ............................................................................................. 360 E-mail Processing for Tendering ................................................................................... 361 Carrier Notification Process Management .................................................................... 363 Creation of a Tendering Plan ............................................................................................ 365

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Tendering Step .............................................................................................................. 367 Broadcast Tendering ..................................................................................................... 368 Peer-to-Peer Tendering ................................................................................................ 369 Visibility Settings ........................................................................................................... 370 Freight Request for Quotation ....................................................................................... 371 Tendering .......................................................................................................................... 372 Documents and Notifications ........................................................................................ 374 Tendering Alerts ............................................................................................................ 375 Change Handling .......................................................................................................... 376 Acceptance or Rejection of a Freight Request for Quotation ........................................... 377 Evaluation of Freight Quotations ...................................................................................... 379 Update of a Freight Order ............................................................................................. 380 Tendering Execution ......................................................................................................... 381 Carrier Categorization .......................................................................................................... 382 Statuses of Business Documents ........................................................................................ 384 Explanation of Statuses of Business Documents ............................................................. 388 Cargo Management .............................................................................................................. 399 Building of House Bills of Lading .......................................................................................... 401 Use of Seals ......................................................................................................................... 403 Blocking Information ............................................................................................................. 404 Change Tracking .................................................................................................................. 405 Planning ................................................................................................................................... 406 Profiles and Settings ............................................................................................................ 407 Selection Profile ................................................................................................................ 409 Demand Horizon ........................................................................................................... 410 Additional Selection Attributes ...................................................................................... 412 Planning Profile ................................................................................................................. 413 Planning Horizon ........................................................................................................... 415 Planning Costs .............................................................................................................. 417 Cost Function ................................................................................................................ 420 Freight Order Building Rule........................................................................................... 421 Example for the Freight Order Building Rule ............................................................ 422 Capacity Decrease ........................................................................................................... 425 Definition of Decreasing Capacities .............................................................................. 427 Freight Unit Building Rule ................................................................................................. 430 Determination of Freight Unit Building Rules ................................................................ 433 Definition of Dimensions and Units of Measurement .................................................... 434

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Incompatibilities ................................................................................................................ 436 Definition of Incompatibilities......................................................................................... 439 Creation and Editing of Freight Units ................................................................................... 440 Determination of Freight Unit Building Rules .................................................................... 443 Freight Unit Building Rule ............................................................................................. 444 Freight Unit .................................................................................................................... 447 Transportation Stages and Dates/Times in the Freight Unit ..................................... 449 Interaction Between Organizational Units ................................................................. 450 Consideration of Equipment Data During FU Creation .................................................... 453 Statuses of Business Documents ..................................................................................... 455 Explanation of Statuses of Business Documents ......................................................... 459 Blocking Information ......................................................................................................... 470 Windows ........................................................................................................................... 471 Delivery Window ........................................................................................................... 473 Definition of Windows for Delivery ................................................................................ 476 Definition of a Condition for Windows ........................................................................... 484 Change Tracking .............................................................................................................. 486 Interactive Planning .............................................................................................................. 487 Use of Profile and Layout Sets ......................................................................................... 489 Selection Attributes for Transportation Cockpit ................................................................ 491 Manual Planning ............................................................................................................... 492 Freight Order Overview ................................................................................................. 495 Freight-Unit Stage Groups ............................................................................................ 496 VSR Optimization ............................................................................................................. 499 Optimization Data .......................................................................................................... 501 Total Costs .................................................................................................................... 502 Initial Solution ................................................................................................................ 503 Constraints for VSR Optimization ................................................................................. 504 Explanation Tool ........................................................................................................... 507 Consideration of Scheduling Constraints ...................................................................... 509 Determination of Direct Shipment Options ....................................................................... 512 Parallel Planning ............................................................................................................... 516 Generation of Transportation Proposals ........................................................................... 517 Carrier Selection ............................................................................................................... 519 Strategies ...................................................................................................................... 522 Strategy Determination .............................................................................................. 524 Continuous Move .......................................................................................................... 525

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Cost Calculation for Continuous Moves .................................................................... 527 Business Share ............................................................................................................. 528 Creation of Business Shares and Transportation Allocations ................................... 529 Check Against Transportation Allocations .................................................................... 532 Transportation Allocation ........................................................................................... 534 Creation of Business Shares and Transportation Allocations ........................... 535 Use of Transportation Orientations ............................................................................... 538 Optimization as Part of Carrier Selection ...................................................................... 541 One-Step Planning ........................................................................................................... 542 Loading and Unloading Durations .................................................................................... 543 Use of Multiresources ....................................................................................................... 544 Use of Trailers .................................................................................................................. 546 Windows ........................................................................................................................... 548 Delivery Window ........................................................................................................... 550 Definition of Windows for Delivery ................................................................................ 553 Definition of a Condition for Windows ........................................................................... 561 Context Determination ...................................................................................................... 563 Full Map Display ............................................................................................................... 565 Customer-Specific Functions ............................................................................................ 566 Effects of Date/Time Deviations During Execution ........................................................... 567 Forwarding Settlement ............................................................................................................. 568 Forwarding Settlement ......................................................................................................... 569 Forwarding Settlement Document ........................................................................................ 571 Credit Memo ......................................................................................................................... 574 Credit Memo Management ................................................................................................... 577 Freight Settlement .................................................................................................................... 579 Freight Settlement ................................................................................................................ 580 Freight Settlement Document............................................................................................... 583 Additional Agreement Parties ............................................................................................... 586 Integration ................................................................................................................................ 587 Integration with SAP Event Management ............................................................................ 588 Tracking of Freight Units ................................................................................................... 589 Tracking of Freight Orders and Freight Bookings............................................................. 591 Integration with SAP BusinessObjects Global Trade Services ............................................ 592 Basic Functions ........................................................................................................................ 594 Considering Dangerous Goods ............................................................................................ 595 Configuration of Dangerous Goods Processing ............................................................... 596

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Checking Dangerous Goods Within ERP Logistics Integration ........................................ 598 Checking Dangerous Goods Within Forwarding Order Management .............................. 602 Definition of UI Profiles for Document-Based DG Data .................................................... 605 Creation and Use of Dangerous Goods Templates ......................................................... 607 Creation and Editing of Document-Based Dangerous Goods Records ........................... 609 Global Trade ......................................................................................................................... 611 Configuration of Export Declarations by Shippers ............................................................ 612 Export Declarations by Shippers ...................................................................................... 614 Export Declarations by LSPs (Manual Customs Handling) .............................................. 617 Export Declarations by LSPs (Automatic Customs Handling) .......................................... 619 Transit Declarations by LSPs ........................................................................................... 621 Transit Declarations by LSPs Within Forwarding Orders ............................................. 622 Transit Declarations by LSPs Within Freight Orders .................................................... 624 Request Unloading ........................................................................................................ 626 Import Declarations by LSPs ............................................................................................ 627 Cancellation of Customs Declarations .............................................................................. 628 Text Collection ...................................................................................................................... 629 Attachment Folder ................................................................................................................ 630 Settings for Time Zone and Distance ................................................................................... 631 Condition .............................................................................................................................. 633 Definition of Conditions ..................................................................................................... 634 Definition of a Condition for Windows ............................................................................... 637 Change Controller ................................................................................................................ 639 Objects Delivered by SAP for the Change Controller ....................................................... 641 Settings for the Change Controller ................................................................................... 646 Process Controller Configuration ......................................................................................... 648 Planning Strategies ........................................................................................................... 650 External Strategies ........................................................................................................... 651 Map Display .......................................................................................................................... 652 Map Functions .................................................................................................................. 653 Background Processing ....................................................................................................... 654 Background Processing: Forwarding Order Management Preparation ........................... 656 Background Processing: Planning Run ............................................................................ 658 Background Processing: Carrier Selection ....................................................................... 659 Background Processing: Tendering ................................................................................. 660 Background Processing: Process FQs and Overdue RFQs ............................................ 661 Background Processing: Confirmation ............................................................................. 662

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Background Processing: Create Deliveries in ERP .......................................................... 663 Background Processing: Communication of Settlements with SAP ERP ........................ 664 Background Processing: Convert FUs for Direct Shipment ............................................. 666 Background Processing: Mass Processing of Freight Bookings (FBs) ............................ 668 Background Processing: Mass Processing of Freight Orders (FOs)................................ 670 Background Processing: Processing of Triggers.............................................................. 672 Definition of Parallel Processing Profiles ............................................................................. 673 Printing ................................................................................................................................. 674 Configuration of Printing ................................................................................................... 676 Creating Custom Print Forms ........................................................................................... 678 Creation of an ABAP Class for a Print Form ................................................................. 679 Creation of an ABAP Class for the PPF Service........................................................... 681 Authorizations ....................................................................................................................... 683 SAP Transportation Management Monitoring with CCMS ................................................... 684 Data Archiving ...................................................................................................................... 686 Archiving with Archive Development Kit (ADK) ................................................................ 687 Archiving in SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM) ................................................ 689 Archiving Forwarding Settlement Documents (TM-FWS) ............................................. 690 Archiving Agreements (TM-MD-CM-AG) ...................................................................... 691 Archiving Freight Settlement Documents (TM-FRS) .................................................... 693 Archiving Calculation Sheets (TM-MD-CM-CS) ............................................................ 694 Archiving Rate Tables (TM-MD-CM-RA) ...................................................................... 696 Archiving Scales (TM-MD-CM-SC) ............................................................................... 698 Archiving Business Documents for Forwarding Order Management (TM-FWM) ......... 700 Archiving Business Documents for Freight Order Management (TM-FRM) ................. 702 Archiving Transportation Allocations (TM-PLN) ............................................................ 704 Archiving Business Shares (TM-PLN) .......................................................................... 705 Message Settings ................................................................................................................. 706 Message Store ..................................................................................................................... 707 Roles .................................................................................................................................... 708 Business Context Viewer in SAP TM ................................................................................... 712 Enterprise Services and ESR Content ..................................................................................... 713 Integration Scenarios ........................................................................................................... 714 TM_ERPInvoiceIntegration ............................................................................................... 715 TM_ERPOrderIntegration ................................................................................................. 717 TM_ERPSalesOrderScheduling ....................................................................................... 720 TM_ERPShipmentIntegration_Out ................................................................................... 721

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TM_ERPShipmentIntegration_In ...................................................................................... 723 TM_GTSExportDeclarationIntegration ............................................................................. 724 TM_FINCreditManagementIntegration ............................................................................. 725 Mappings .............................................................................................................................. 726 Interface Mappings for Shipment Integration .................................................................... 727 Message Mappings for Shipment Integration ................................................................... 728 TransportationOrderSCMExecutionRequest_to_SHPMNTSHPMNT05 ....................... 729 TransportationOrderSCMExecutionCancellationRequest_to_SHIPPLTPSSHT01 ...... 731 Other SAP NetWeaver PI Content ....................................................................................... 732 GetTransportationDocumentURI ...................................................................................... 733

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SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM)SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM) supports you in all activities connected with the physical transportation of goods from one location to another. You can use SAP TM to perform the following activities, for example: Create forwarding orders for your ordering parties Transfer orders and deliveries from an ERP system Create freight bookings Plan the transportation and select carriers Tender transportation services Dispatch and monitor the transportation Calculate the transportation charges for both the ordering party and the supplier side Consider foreign trade and dangerous goods regulations

You can use SAP TM to create and monitor an efficient transportation plan that fulfills the relevant constraints (for example, service level, costs, and resource availability). You can determine options to save costs and to optimize the use of available resources. You can react to transportation events and find solutions to possible deviations from the original transportation plan.

IntegrationSAP TM is integrated with the following applications: Application Integration Type In SAP TM, you can perform transportation planning and execution for your ERP orders and deliveries; in ERP, you can also perform invoicing and invoice verification for your TM settlement documents. The data is transferred using enterprise services. You can also integrate SAP TM with ERP shipment processing. In this case, data is transferred using enterprise services and IDocs. SAP Event Management (SAP EM) SAP BusinessObjects Global Trade Services Note also the following: You use EH&S Services in SAP TM to ensure the safe transportation of dangerous goods in accordance with legal regulations (see Considering Dangerous Goods [Page 595]). You can use event tracking to monitor the execution status of your transportation. You can perform customs processing for your SAP TM business documents in a connected global trade services (GTS) system. For example, you can request export declarations for freight orders or freight bookings. The data is transferred using enterprise services.

SAP ERP (or another ERP system)

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You can integrate SAP TM with external systems by using enterprise services. For example, you can automatically create and confirm forwarding orders based on data received from your ordering parties.

FeaturesSAP TM covers the following subcomponents with the following functions, for example: Forwarding Order Management [Page 193] You can use forwarding order management to create, edit, and confirm the forwarding orders from your ordering parties. Furthermore, you can create forwarding quotations and send them to your ordering parties. While the orders and quotations are being created, you can also have the system determine the transportation route, and you can check the transportation charges. ERP Logistics Integration [Page 240] The ERP logistics integration supports the transfer of orders and deliveries from SAP ERP to SAP TM as well as the planning and execution processes based on the ERP data. Freight Order Management [Page 310] You can use freight order management to create and edit freight orders and freight bookings that then form the basis of transportation planning. You can then perform carrier selection, and either subcontract the freight orders directly to a carrier or you can perform tendering. Planning [Page 406] In planning, a transportation plan is created on the basis of the orders that were either entered in forwarding order management or transferred via an ERP system. You can perform planning either manually or automatically. Here the system uses advanced planning algorithms (optimization). Forwarding Settlement [Page 568] and Freight Settlement [Page 579] From SAP TM, you can trigger invoicing and invoice verification that take place in the ERP system. Master Data [Page 20] and Transportation Network [Page 37] You can use these SAP TM components to create and administer all the master data that you need for the activities in SAP TM, for example, business partners, locations, and products. Considering Dangerous Goods [Page 595] You use EH&S Services in SAP TM to ensure the safe transportation of dangerous goods in accordance with legal regulations. Business Context Viewer in SAP TM [Page 712] You can display content for SAP TM content in Business Context Viewer (BCV). Enterprise Services and ESR Content for SAP TM [Page 713]

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Enterprise services enable you to exchange data with SAP ERP and SAP BusinessObjects Global Trade Services, as well as with external systems that belong to your business partners. Communication can be realized using either SAP NetWeaver Process Integration or point-to-point communication (Web Services Reliable Messaging). Business Intelligence Content of SAP TM The business intelligence content (BI Content) of SAP TM optionally provides you with BI queries and analytic tools for evaluating, analyzing, and interpreting business data. For more information about BI Content for SAP TM, see SAP Help Portal at http://help.sap.com/tm.

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Introductory InformationBefore you start working with SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM), we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the following important information.

Calling SAP TMSAP TM harmonizes all transportation applications in one Web-based solution that is integrated in a business client shell. You call SAP TM using a SAP NetWeaver Business Client that is connected to an ABAP client. For more information about SAP NetWeaver Business Client and the ABAP client, see SAP NetWeaver Business Client [External].

If you want to use applications from SAP NetWeaver Business Warehouse or SAP Event Management in SAP NetWeaver Business Client, you need to set up a role in role maintenance. To do so, on the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Tools Administration User Maintenance Role Administration Roles . On the Menu tab page of this new role, you need to create an additional object by choosing Other. Choose Web address or file as the URL type and enter the fixed URL of your application. Moreover, you need to add your user on the User tab page of the new role. If you change your role, you need to delete the cache in Internet Explorer by choosing Tools Internet Options . On the General tab page, choose Delete... and then delete the relevant cookies and files.

Using SCM Basis FunctionsYou must only use those SCM Basis functions that are relevant for SAP TM.

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Master DataYou use this component to manage master data that is used in a variety of business transactions in SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM). The following master data objects are part of this component: Business partner (see Business Partner [Page 21]) Organizational management (see Organizational Management [Page 29]) Transportation network (see Transportation Network [Page 37]) Product (see Product [Page 94]) Carrier profile (see Carrier Profile [Page 26]) Equipment (see Equipment [Page 98]) Resources (see Definition of Resources [Page 100]) Transportation charges (see Setup of Master Data for Charge Management [Page 147])

Before you define any master data objects, you must create an active model in Customizing. For more information, see Customizing for Transportation Management under Basic Functions Create Active Version and Model .

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Business PartnerA person, organization, group of persons, or group of organizations in which a company has a business interest. You use this business object for a variety of business transactions. You create and manage centrally your business partners (BPs) and the roles they assume for your company. For this purpose, you define the general data of the business partner once and you assign business partner roles (BP roles) to the business partner. Specific data is stored for each business partner role. In this way you do not store redundant data, since the general data is independent of a business partners function or of application-specific extensions. When you first create a business partner in the system, the BP role General Business Partner is automatically assigned to the business partner.

StructureYou identify each BP with a unique business partner number (BP number). You create and manage the following general elements of a BP: General data, such as name, address, and communication data Identification data, such as industry, identification numbers, and tax numbers Status data, such as the status of the business relationship

You create and manage the specific data for a BP role once you have assigned a specific role to the BP.

IntegrationIn an integrated system landscape with SAP Enterprise Resource Planning (SAP ERP) and SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM), the ERP system is frequently the leading master data system. In this case, the customer and supplier master data is maintained in the ERP system from where it is transferred to SAP TM using the SAP Core Interface (CIF) as locations and business partners. For more information, see Integration of Locations [External]. In business transaction documents, such as a forwarding order, the BP master data object appears as a party that takes part in transportation processes. The party assumes party roles, such as consignee, shipper, or ordering party.

You do not need to define special BP roles in Customizing for the party roles (see Definition of Business Partners [Page 22]). You can assign any BP to the different party roles.

More InformationFor more information about SAP Business Partner, see SAP Library for SAP ERP Central Component on SAP Help Portal at http://help.sap.com/erp. In SAP Library, choose SAP ERP Cross-Application Functions Cross-Application Components .

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Definition of Business PartnersYou use this process to define business partners (BPs) in SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM).

Process1. You define BP roles in Customizing. For more information, see Customizing for CrossApplication Components under SAP Business Partner Business Partner Basic Settings Business Partner Roles Define BP Roles . 2. You define a BP in SAP NetWeaver Business Client by choosing General Define Business Partner . 3. You assign additional BP roles to the BP. SAP TM delivers the following BP roles for BPs of the type Organization: o Carrier You use this BP role to identify a BP who is a carrier. You can also define business partners with the Carrier role further by assigning one of the following categories: o Subsidiary Carrier Agent Non-vessel operating common carrier Master Data

Ship-To Party and Sold-To Party You use this BP role to identify a BP who is a customer.

o

Vendor You use this BP role to identify a BP who is a supplier.

SAP TM delivers the following BP roles for BPs of the type Person: o Employee You use this BP role to identify a BP who can be assigned to an organizational unit (see Workflow in SAP Transportation Management [Page 34]). o Internet User You use this BP role to identify a BP who takes part in the tendering process. o Contact Person You use this BP role to identify a BP who takes part in the tendering process. 4. You create relationships between BPs.

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The relationship category Has Contact Person is used in the tendering process.

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Business Partner BlockingWith this function, you can block the assignment of a business partner to a forwarding quotation or to a forwarding order. Additionally, you can block the business partner, so that within a forwarding order the system prevents forwarding settlement documents from being created. The blocking options are structured hierarchically in the business partner master record. You can set the blocks at the following levels: Complete business partner Company organization Sales organization

PrerequisitesThe business partner has the role of a ship-to-party or a sold-to-party.

FeaturesYou can block the business partner manually. If a business partner in SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM) was created from SAP ERP customer master data via Core Interface (CIF), the block indicators from customer master data are automatically transferred to the corresponding business partner in SAP TM. You can set the blocks in SAP TM under Block Central Posting Block Master Data Define Business Partner .

Description Blocks the assignment of business partners to a forwarding order document or a forwarding quotation document. Blocks the creation of forwarding settlement documents. Only relevant for forwarding orders.

Tab Page

Customer Data Customer Company Org. Data

Central Sales Block

Blocks the assignment of business partners to forwarding order documents or forwarding quotation documents. Blocks the assignment of business partners to forwarding order documents or forwarding quotation documents.

Customer Data Customer Org. Data

Central Order Block

Customer Org. Data Blocks the creation of forwarding settlement documents of the specific sales organization. Only relevant for forwarding orders. Only relevant for forwarding orders. Blocks the creation of forwarding settlement Customer Org. Data

Central Billing Block

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Block

Description documents of the specific sales organization.

Tab Page

ActivitiesOn the corresponding tab page, select the check box with the block you want to set or, in case of specific sales organizations, enter block reason codes.

ExampleYou would like to block the business partner Kulinarisch Weltweit, located in Cologne. To do so, on the Customer Company Org Data tab page, you select the Central Posting Block check box. From now on, the system blocks all sales organizations of the respective business partner and you cannot assign the business partner to a forwarding order. If a forwarding order document already exists in the system when you set the block, you cannot create forwarding settlement documents. This applies to the following blocks: Central billing block Central order block Central posting block

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Carrier ProfileA profile with which you characterize transportation capabilities of a carrier. You use this object to store information that is used in a similar constellation for multiple carriers. Carriers are business partners (BPs) to which you have assigned the business partner role Carrier. You can only create one profile for each carrier.

StructureYou can store the following objects in a carrier profile: Freight code sets Transportation lane and carrier-specific parameters Product freight groups Transportation groups Equipment groups and equipment types Fixed transportation costs Dimension costs

IntegrationYou make use of the carrier profile when creating transportation proposals (see Generation of Transportation Proposals [Page 517]) and when selecting a carrier.

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Definition of Carrier ProfilesYou use this process to define a profile for a carrier.

Prerequisites You have assigned the business partner role Carrier to the business partner for which you want to create a carrier profile (see Definition of Business Partners [Page 22]). You have defined transportation lanes in Customizing (see Definition of Transportation Lanes [Page 68]). You have defined freight code sets in Customizing. For more information, see Customizing for SCM Basis under Master Data Transportation Lane Carrier Profile Define Freight Code Sets, Freight Codes, and Determination . You have defined product freight groups in Customizing. For more information, see Customizing for SCM Basis under Master Data Transportation Lane Carrier Profile Define Product Freight Groups . You have defined transportation groups in Customizing. For more information, see Customizing for SCM Basis under Master Data Product Maintain Transportation Group . You have defined equipment groups and equipment types in Customizing. For more information, see Customizing for Transportation Management under Master Data General Settings Define Equipment Groups and Equipment Types . You have defined means of transport in Customizing. For more information, see Customizing for Transportation Management under Master Data Resources Means of Transport . Define

Process1. On the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Profile . Master Data General Define Carrier

2. You choose the carrier for which you want to define a profile and save your entry. You can set the following attributes: o o Performance Cont. Move (Continuous Move) checkbox

3. You make settings on the following tab pages: o Transportation Lane You can enter any attributes that are relevant for the carrier, such as the business share or the priority. o Freight Code Set

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You must specify the country and the means of transport to which the freight code set relates. o o o Product Freight Group Transportation Group Equipment You can enter information about the location of the equipment or the means of transport to which this equipment is restricted. o Fixed Transportation Costs You can define fixed transportation costs for the means of transport of the carrier. o Dimension Costs You can define dimension costs for the means of transport of the carrier. 4. Save your entry.

ResultYou have defined a profile for a carrier. You can search for settings that you have made in the carrier profile and identify all carriers that have those settings.

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Organizational ManagementA means for creating and managing the organizational and staffing structures in your company that uses an organizational model as its basis. In SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM), the organizational structure can be based on the structure of a connected SAP ERP system. To enable this, you can create the following organizational units: Corporate organization This organization unit is optional and serves as a single entry point into the organizations structure in SAP TM. Company organization This organization unit corresponds to the ERP company code containing the local currency.

The company organization unit is used by transportation charge management (TCM) for invoicing and charging. Sales organization, office, and group Purchase organization and group Planning and execution organization and group

More InformationFor more information, see SAP Library for SAP ERP Central Component on SAP Help Portal at http://help.sap.com/erp. In SAP Library, choose SAP ERP Central Component Human Resources Personnel Management (PA) .

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Creation of Organizational ModelsIn SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM), you use this process to create organizational models for the organizations that take part in transportation processes. You can create the organizational models according to a predefined hierarchical structure. You can assign employees who take part in workflow processes to the organizational units.

Process You define an organizational model in SAP NetWeaver Business Client (NWBC) by choosing Master Data Organization Create Organization and Staffing . You define organizational units (see Organizational Units [Page 31]) and assign an appropriate organizational unit function and organizational unit role to them. You relate organizational units to other organizational units according to their organizational unit role and depending on the organizational unit function.

The hierarchical relationship of organizational units is fixed. For organizational units with a Sales unit function, you can only assign organizational units with a unit role Group to organizational units with a unit role Office, and organizational units with a unit role Office to organizational units with a unit role Organization. For organizational units with a Purchasing or Planning and Execution unit function, you can only assign organizational units with a unit role Group to organizational units with a unit role Organization. You assign employees to organizational units, see Assigning Employees to Organizational Units [Page 32]. You can also create an SAP TM organization structure. For more information, see Customizing for SAP Transportation Management under Transportation Management Master Data Organizational Management Organizational Model Create and Merge Organizational Hierarchy .

ExampleYou want to re-create the structure of a purchasing organization or a planning and execution organization. You proceed as follows: 1. You create an organizational unit with a Purchasing or Planning and Execution unit function and an Organization unit role. 2. You create an organizational unit with a Purchasing or Planning and Execution unit function and a Group unit role. 3. You assign the organizational unit with the Group unit role to the organizational unit with the Organization unit role.

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Organizational UnitAn object that is used for mapping the organizational structure of a company in an organizational model. Each organizational unit is defined in more detail by its unit function and unit role. You can use this object as the basis for an organizational model by arranging organizational units hierarchically and therefore mirroring the structure of your company.

You may only use the Organization or Group organizational unit roles for organizational units with the Purchasing or Planning and Execution organizational unit functions.

IntegrationYou use organizational units with a Sales organizational unit function to create the following: Forwarding orders Forwarding quotations Forwarding settlements

You use organizational units with a Purchasing organizational unit function to create the following: Freight orders Freight bookings Freight settlements

You use organizational units with an Execution organizational unit function to create the following: Resources (see Definition of Resources [Page 100]) Freight orders

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Assigning Employees to Organizational UnitsYou use this procedure to assign employees to organizational units in SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM).

Prerequisites You have defined a business partner (BP) of the type Person (see Definition of Business Partners [Page 22]). You have assigned the business partner role (BP role) Employee to the BP and maintained any data relevant for this BP role.

As a minimum, you need to enter the country in which this business partner resides.

Procedure1. Access the organizational model in SAP NetWeaver Business Client by choosing Master Data Organization Edit Organization and Staffing . 2. Select an organizational unit and choose the Create button. 3. Choose Incorporates Position and enter a name and a description in the Position input field. 4. In the context menu of the employee symbol, choose Assign. The Choose Relationship screen appears. 5. Choose Holder Central Person and enter the name of the business partner that you want to assign to the position in the search dialog.

ResultYou have assigned an employee to an organizational unit by assigning a business partner with the role Employee to the organizational unit. The system establishes a correlation between the master data objects Organizational Unit and Business Partner.

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Changing of Organizational ModelsYou can use this process to change an organizational model in SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM).

Process1. You change an organizational model in SAP NetWeaver Business Client by choosing Master Data Organization Edit Organization and Staffing . 2. You search for an existing organizational unit. 3. You change attributes of the organizational unit, such as: o o o o o Organizational unit ID Organizational unit function Organizational unit role Local currency (company organizations only) Relationship with other organizational units

4. You save your entry. The system automatically adds a technical business partner and sets the business system group.

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Workflow in SAP Transportation ManagementSequence of steps processed either by people or by an SAP system. SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM) uses SAP Business Workflow, which is a crossapplication tool that enables the integration of business tasks across whole application areas. For more information, see SAP Library for SAP ERP Central Component on SAP Help Portal at http://help.sap.com/erp. In SAP Library, choose SAP ERP Cross-Application Functions Scenarios in Applications SAP Business Workflow . An example of the use of the workflow capability in SAP TM is the approval check that you can define. For more information, see Approval Check [Page 35].

You have to assign employees to organizational units to be able to use the workflow capabilities. For more information, see Assigning Employees to Organizational Units [Page 32].

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Approval CheckYou use this function to do the following: Check whether a forwarding order or a forwarding quotation meets the value ranges defined in a condition for specific attributes of the business document. Trigger the workflow to get approval for the processing of the business document.

When you save a business document, the system triggers the approval workflow.

IntegrationYou can use this workflow with forwarding orders and forwarding quotations.

Prerequisites You have customized the workflow engine. For more information, on the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Tools Business Workflow Development Utilities Automatic Workflow Customizing . You have enabled the approval workflow functionality in Customizing for SAP Transportation Management under Transportation Management Forwarding Order Management Forwarding Order Define Forwarding Order Types and under Transportation Management Forwarding Quotation Management Forwarding Quotation Define Forwarding Quotation Types . You have implemented the Business Add-In (BAdI) Specific Checks for Approval Workflow in FWO Management (TRQ_APPR_CHECK_BO)in SAP Transportation Management under Transportation Management Business Add-Ins (BAdIs) for Transportation Management Forwarding Order Management if you want to be able to override the approval check. You have created an organizational unit, assigned the position Customer Agent to it, and assigned an employee to this position. For more information, see Creation of Organizational Models [Page 30]. When creating the organizational unit, you must have done the following: o o Marked the Customer Agent position as Head of own organizational unit. Assigned the Sales organizational unit function to the organizational unit for forwarding orders and forwarding quotations.

You have defined agents for the workflow in the Workflow Builder and you have defined the standard task as a general task in the workflow. For more information, on the SAP Easy Access screen choose Tools Business Workflow Development Definition tools Workflow Builder Workflow Builder . You have assigned conditions to the /SCMTMS/APPROV_TRQ condition type for your business documents: A condition assigned to this type specifies certain fields and the exact limits the system must consider for starting the approval workflow. For example, a condition says that the gross weight must be bigger than 5.000 kg. At 5.001 kg the approval workflow starts.

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For more information about defining conditions, see Definition of Conditions [Page 634].

Features During approval check, the system does the following: o o The system sets the approval status of the business document to Not Checked. When you first save the business document, the system checks the business document against the value ranges defined in the conditions and does one of the following: If the business document meets the value ranges defined in the conditions, the system changes the approval status from Not Checked to No Approval Needed. You can then process the business documents further. If the business document does not meet the value ranges defined in the conditions, the system changes the status of the business document from Not Checked to Approval Needed. The system then triggers the workflow and sends a message to the customer agent.

An action in the Post Processing Framework (PPF) triggers the workflow. For more information about the PPF, see Post Processing Framework (BC-SRV-GBT) [External]. o The customer agent can approve or reject the business document: If the agent approves the business document, the approval status changes to Approved. You can then process the business document further. If the agent rejects the business document, the approval status changes to Not Approved. The system blocks the business document for further processing and triggers the workflow.

The customer agent can choose to cancel the processing of the workflow item. The workflow item then stays in the personal inbox of the customer agent and the system cannot process the business document further.

More InformationDefinition of Conditions [Page 634] Post Processing Framework (BC-SRV-GBT) [External] Workflow in SAP Transportation Management [Page 34]

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Transportation NetworkYou use this component in SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM) to define the following master data objects: Location [Page 40] Transportation Zone [Page 60] Transportation Lane [Page 67] Schedule [Page 73]

In conjunction with the means of transport, the transportation network (TN) defines the direct accessibility of transportation zones and locations for a particular vehicle resource.

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Transportation Network CockpitYou can use this function to display the following master data of the transportation network on a map: Locations Transshipment locations Transshipment location chains Transportation zones Transportation lanes Schedules

FeaturesGeneral map functionsFor more information, see Map Functions [Page 653].

Object SearchYou can search for the following master data: Locations (including address search) Transportation zones Schedules

The system adds the master data that matches the search criteria to the map view. Master data that has already been displayed remains in the display.

LegendThe legend is available in the toolbar and contains all objects that can be displayed on the map.

Object RelationshipsFor the individual master data objects, you can determine other master data objects that have a relationship to them. Select a master data object and then one of the search functions available in the context menu. The system adds the master data objects determined to the map view.

Display OptionsYou can use the display profile to select all the objects that are to be displayed on the map. The display profile is available in the toolbar You can set the display status for the individual master data objects. Select a master data object and then one of the functions available for hiding objects in the context menu. The system then removes the master data objects determined from the map view. You can hide the master data object itself, all the other master data objects, and the master data objects that do not have a relationship.

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ActivitiesTo call up the transportation network cockpit, in SAP NetWeaver Business Client choose Master Data Transportation Network Transportation Network Cockpit .

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LocationA logical or physical place in which products or resources are managed on a quantity basis. You use this business object as the basis for transportation processes. In transportation processes, you name a source location, a destination location, and any transshipment locations necessary to complete the transportation process. For this purpose, you define locations.

StructureA location is identified by a name. To define a location, you have to specify its name and type. In SAP Transportation Management (SAP TM), the following standard location types exist: Production plant (1001) Distribution center (1002) Shipping point (1003) Stock transfer point (1006) Storage location MRP area (1007) Customer (1010) Vendor (1011) Transportation service provider (1020) Terminal (1030) Store (1040)

In SAP TM, you use the location type as a means for categorizing locations. Location types are not used for controlling business processes, they are only used as a means of reference.

IntegrationThis business object is used throughout SAP TM in almost every business process, including the following: Definition of more complex master data objects that are part of the transportation network, such as transportation zones, transportation lanes, or schedules. Definition of other master data objects, such as resources. Definition of incompatibilities. For example, a location may be marked as having a restriction in regards to the delivery of goods by means of a specific vehicle resource. Creation of forwarding orders, freight units, planned transportation activities, executed transportation activities, and so on.

You can transfer locations from an Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) system, such as SAP ERP, to SAP TM. When connecting SAP ERP to SAP TM you can transfer the data via the Core Interface.

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More InformationDefinition of Locations [Page 52] Transshipment Location [Page 44]

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One-Time LocationA location that is stored as a transient master data object in the system. You use one-time locations in business processes that require the input of locations that have not been defined as master data objects, such as the creation of forwarding orders. The system creates one-time locations on the basis of one-time address details that you can specify on the user interface.

StructureA one-time location is specified by the name of the organization, its address data, its communication data, or a combination of these. You can create a note for each one-time location. When you create a note, you can only define one note per location and language.

Integration To find addresses for one-time locations using the input help (F4), you have to complete the Customizing activities for SAP NetWeaver under Application Server Basis Services Address Management Regional Structure/City File . In Customizing, you can activate an address search that determines whether one-time locations match locations that already exist. For more information, see Customizing for SAP Transportation Management under Transportation Management Basic Functions Define General Settings for SAP TM . In the standard system, all user roles have been configured so that users can read the details of one-time locations. If you r

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