SAP Study Aide

8/22/2019 SAP Study Aide

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SAP: Study Aide-memo

Revision:

http://www.flashcardexchange.com/cards/terp10-sap-erp-unit-1-erp-basics-

1406590

http://www.erptips.com/Learn-SAP/What-is-SAP/Introduction-to-SAP.asp
http://www.flashcardexchange.com/cards/terp10-sap-erp-unit-1-erp-basics-1406590http://www.flashcardexchange.com/cards/terp10-sap-erp-unit-1-erp-basics-1406590http://www.flashcardexchange.com/cards/terp10-sap-erp-unit-1-erp-basics-1406590http://www.erptips.com/Learn-SAP/What-is-SAP/Introduction-to-SAP.asphttp://www.erptips.com/Learn-SAP/What-is-SAP/Introduction-to-SAP.asphttp://www.erptips.com/Learn-SAP/What-is-SAP/Introduction-to-SAP.asphttp://www.flashcardexchange.com/cards/terp10-sap-erp-unit-1-erp-basics-1406590http://www.flashcardexchange.com/cards/terp10-sap-erp-unit-1-erp-basics-1406590


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Table of Contents

Introduction: ....................................................................................................................... 3Background: ................................................................................................................... 3Timeline: ........................................................................................................................... 3Core Principles: ............................................................................................................... 4

Architectural Structure: ..................................................................................................... 6SAP Module List: ................................................................................................................. 7

Financial Accounting (FI) .............................................................................................. 7Financial Supply Chain Management (FSCM) ........................................................ 10Controlling (CO) ........................................................................................................... 11Materials Management (MM) .................................................................................... 13Sales and Distribution (SD) .......................................................................................... 14Logistics Execution (LE) ................................................................................................ 16

List of Common SAP Acronyms: ..................................................................................... 18SAP Dictionary: ............................................................................................................. 22


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Introduction:

Background:

Founded in 1972, SAP is the recognized leader in providing collaborativebusiness solutions for all types of industries and for every major market.

Headquartered in Willdorf, Germany, SAP is the world's largest inter-enterprisesoftware company, and the world's third largest independent software

supplier overall.

SAP employs over 28,900 people in more than 50 countries SAP professionalsare dedicated to providing high-level customer support and services.

Timeline:

1972:

Five former IBM employees launch a company called SAP - Systems Analysis and

Program Development. Later this was known as SAP - Systems Applications and

Products.

Names:

(1) Dietmer Hopp

(2) Hans-Werner

(3) Hasso Plattner

(4) klaus Tschira

(5) Claus Wellenreuther

1973:

R/1 system is created: R stands for Real Time and 1 stands for one tier.

1980:

SAP MOVES TO Max-Planck-Strasse in an industrial park in Walldorf, nearHeidelberg, Germany.

1981:

SAP R/2 is widely accepted. R stands for Real time and 2 stands for two tier.


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1986:

SAP moves outside Germany, Austria. Revenues reach DM 100 million aroundU.S. $52 million) earlier than expected.

1988:

SAP GmbH becomes SAP AG. Nov 4, 1.2 million shares are listed on Frankfurtand Stuttgart stock exchanges.

1992:

SAP R/3 is unleashed in market.

1996:

1,089 new SAP R/3 customers have been won.

1997:

SAP celebrates it's 25th anniversary and now employs around 12,900 people.

1998:

SAP stocks now trades on New York Stock Exchange (NYSE).1999:

In May Co-Founder, Co-Chairman and CEO Hassao Plattner announces themySAP.com strategy.

2000:

More than 10 million users work with SAP solutions. There are now 36,000installations.

Core Principles:

SAP's products focus on Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), which it helpedto pioneer.

The company's main product is SAP ERP. The name of its predecessor, SAPR/3 gives a clue to its functionality: the "R" stands for release the number 3


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means it's the 3rd release, which also happens to relate to a 3 tier client-

server architecture (database layer-application layer-presentation layer) 3-

tier architecture: database, application server and client (SAPgui). R/2, which

ran on Mainframe architecture, was the first SAP version.

Other major product offerings include:

o Advanced Planner and Optimizer (APO),o Business Information Warehouse (BW)o Customer Relationship Management (CRM)o Supply Chain Management (SCM)o Supplier Relationship Management (SRM)o Human Resource Management Systems (HRMS)o Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)o Exchange Infrastructure (XI)o Enterprise Portal (EP)o SAP Knowledge Warehouse (KW).

The APO name has been retired and rolled into SCM. The BW name (BusinessWarehousing) has now been rolled into the SAP NetWeaver BI (Business

Intelligence) suite and functions as the reporting module.

The company also offers a new technology platform, named SAP NetWeaverwhich replaces SAP Business Connector for Integration/middleware

capabilities and offers a systematic approach to Enterprise SOA solutions with

a collection of products.

While its original products are typically used by Fortune 500 companies, SAP isnow also actively targeting small and medium sized enterprises (SME) with its

SAP Business One and SAP All-in-One.

SAP officials say there are over 100,600 SAP installations serving more than41,200 companies in more than 25 industries in more than 120 countries


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Architectural Structure:


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SAP Module List:

SAP's solution includes a number of functional modules, which supporttransactions to execute key business processes, such as:

Financial Accounting (FI)


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The Financial Accounting (SAP FI) module in SAP is designed to captureorganizations business transactions in a manner that will satisfy external

reporting requirements.

Local legal considerations are pre-delivered with the system and the abilityto manage and report on multiple companies in multiple countries with

multiple currencies is part of standard functionality.

Integration with Sales and Distribution, Purchasing and MaterialsManagement allows for the ability to select any financial transaction and "Drill

Down" to the originating transaction whether it is a purchase Order, Sales

Order or material movement.

Financial Accounting includes the following sub-modules:o General Ledger (FI-GL)o Accounts Payable (FI-AP)o Accounts Receivable (FI-AR)o Bank Accounting (FI-BL)o Asset Accounting (FI-AA)o Funds Management (FI-FM)o Travel Management (FI-TV)o Special Purpose Ledger (FI-SL) (I am not sure this is really considered a

module anymore)

The flexibility of the Finance modules organizational structure gives themodule the ability to handle any economic situation. Whether a smaller

organization with a single legal entity or a large organization with numerous

companies, consolidations and varying legal requirements, the FI module can

support and automate most financial postings and reporting.

Below is a listing of the main organizational elements in the Finance module:

Company Code - Represents a legal reporting entity. There can be numerous

company codes within an organization. Each has its own balanced books

and reports itself as a single economic entity.

Credit Control Area - If credit management is being used, this sets the general

parameters for how credit is managed. The credit control area can control


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credit for a single company code representing a decentralized credit

management approach or multiple company codes representing a more

centralized credit management approach.

Chart of Accounts - The system supports single or multiple charts of accounts

providing the ability to record transactions and report financially in many

different regulatory environments. A chart of accounts can support multiple

Company Codes if necessary.

The Finance Module is designed to record financial transactions in a mannerconsistent with external reporting. External reporting must be in compliance with

a country's accounting principles and is required for public entities, regulatory

agencies and information required by banks and other lenders. The module also

handles legal consolidations, receivables, payables, fixed assets as well as

banking functions if required.


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Financial Supply Chain Management (FSCM)

The Financial Supply Chain Management module (SAP FSCM) includes thefollowing information and processes:

o Credit Managemento Cash and Liquidity Managemento Collections Managemento Dispute Managemento Treasury and Risk Management

FSCM provides the ability to have a better view of your corporate cash flow,manage disputes with your customers, and add efficiency to your billing

processes.


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Controlling (CO)

The purpose of the Controlling (CO) module in SAP is to provide organizationswith a method of slicing and dicing data to view costs from an internal

management perspective and provide a view of profitability beyond that of

basic financial reporting. T

This allows the organization to create information in a manner that is tailoredto their specific business measurements needs. Controlling allows an

organization to:

o Plan and track overhead costs within the company's specificorganizational structure.

o Track costs related to specific projects or events and either capitalizethose costs or charge them to appropriate departments upon

completion.

o Perform "Activity Based Costing".o Perform Product Costing, measuring production cost and variances.


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o Report profitability by product line, division, or other internalmeasurement.

o Report sales and gross profitability by external measures such asmarket segments or customer groups.

Controlling consists of all master data, configuration, and reporting requiredto analyze both spend and revenues, both within and across organizations.

This includes the following master data:o Cost Elements - cost and/or revenue accountso Cost Centers - departmental unitso Profit Centers - business lines, product lines or divisionso Internal Orders - projects or eventso Functional Area - Cost of Sales Accountingo Statistical Key Figures - non financial statistics for allocating or

measuring financial costs

o Activity Types - Labor or other activity costs


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Materials Management (MM)

The Materials Management module (SAP MM) consists of all master data,system configuration, and transactions to complete the Procure to Payprocess. This process map spans from MRP generated procurement proposals

through final invoice receipt and verification.

SAP Materials Management Components or Sub-Components:

o Vendor Master and Material Master datao Consumption Based Planningo Purchasingo Inventory Managemento Evaluation of Materialso Invoice Verification


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Subcomponents of the SAP Materials Management (SAP MM) Module:

Purchasing Inventory Management Logistics Invoice Verification Physical Inventory Material Valuation Material Requirements Planning (MRP) External Services Management

Sales and Distribution (SD)

The Sales and Distribution (SAP SD) consists of all master data, system configuration,

and transactions to complete the Order to Cash process.


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It includes the following information and processes:

Customer Master and Material Master data Sales Orders Deliveries Pricing Billing Credit Management

Subcomponents of the SAP Sales and Distribution (SAP SD) Module:

Master Data Sales Support Pendulum List Indirect Sales Sales Shipping and Transportation Billing Empties Management Credit Management Foreign Trade/Customs Sales Information System


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Logistics Execution (LE)


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1. Production Planning (PP)

2. Quality Management (QM)

3. Plant Maintenance (PM)

4. Project System (PS)

5. Human Resources (HR)


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List of Common SAP Acronyms:

AA - Asset Accounting

ABAP - Allgemeiner Berichts-Anwendungs-Prozessor (SAP's proprietary programming language)

ALE - Application Link Enabling

AG - Aktiengesellschaft (corporation)

APO - Advanced Planning and Optimization

ASUG - Americas' SAP Users' Group (www.asug.com)

BI - Business Intelligence (former reporting)

BObj - Business Objects (SAP Business Objects)

BPR - Business Process Redesign


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BSP - Business Server Pages

BW - Business Warehouse

ByD - By Design (SAP By Design)

CAF - Composite Application Framework

CASE - Computer-Assisted Software Engineering

CM - Content Management

CRM - Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

DMS - Document Management System

EHS - Environment, Health, and Safety

EP - Enterprise Portal

EPM - Employee Process Management

ERM - Employee Relationship Management

ERP - Enterprise Resource Planning

ESA - Enterprise Services Architecture

FI - Financials

FICO - Financials and Controlling

FIN - Financials (Applications)

FSCM - Financial Supply Chain Management

GL - General Ledger

GRC - Governance, Risk and Compliance

GUI - Graphical User Interface

HCM - Human Capital Management


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HR - Human Resources

ICM - Incentive and Commission Management

KPI - Key Performance Indicator

LE - Logistics Execution

MM - Materials Management

MRP - Material Requirements Planning

OM - Organizational Management

PA - Personnel Administration

PCD - Product Design Center (former name of SAP UX - Visual Design)

PLM - Product Lifecycle Management

PLM - Production Line Management

PM - Plant Maintenance

PM - Product Management

POS - Point of Sale

PP - Production Planning

PS - Project Systems

QM - Quality Management

R/3 - Name of SAP's ERP software, no longer used

REM - Real Estate Management

SAP - Stands for Systems, Applications, Products (German: Systeme, Anwendungen, Produkte)

SAPPHIRE - name of an annual SAP conference www.SAPPHIRENOW.com

SCM - Supply Chain Management


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SCN - SAP Community Network www.sdn.sap.com/irj/scn

SD - Sales and Distribution

SDN - SAP Developer Network www.sdn.sap.com

SEM - Strategic Enterprise Management

SM - Solution Management, Solution Manager

SOA - Service-Oriented Architecture

SRM - Supplier Relationship Management

UCD - User-Centered Design

UI - User Interface

UP - User Productivity (former name of SAP UX)

UR - Unified Rendering (UI rendering technology at SAP)

UWL - Universal Worklist (see POWL)

UX - User Experience (SAP UX = SAP User Experience)

VC - Variant Configuration

WD - Web Dynpro

WF - Workflow

WM - Warehouse Management

WSDL - Web Services Description Language (www.w3.org/TR/wsdl)

xApp - Stands for "Cross Application" - SAP's version of Packaged Composite Applications (PCAs)

XDG - SAP's xApp Design Group

xEPM - SAP xApp for supporting Employee Process Management (EPM)

xERM - SAP xApp for supporting Employee Relationship Management (ERM)


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XHTML - Extended HTML; HTML standard based on XML

XML - Extended Markup Language (see XHTML, HTML)

SAP Dictionary:

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/e1/8e51341a06084de10000009b38f8

3b/frameset.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/e1/8e51341a06084de10000009b38f83b/frameset.htmhttp://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/e1/8e51341a06084de10000009b38f83b/frameset.htmhttp://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/e1/8e51341a06084de10000009b38f83b/frameset.htmhttp://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/e1/8e51341a06084de10000009b38f83b/frameset.htmhttp://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/e1/8e51341a06084de10000009b38f83b/frameset.htm

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