SAP - Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) 6/3/2014.
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Transcript of SAP - Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) 6/3/2014.
SAP - Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)
04/10/23
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Process-Based Enterprise Logic
04/10/23 3
Data Flow Logic
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Procurement Process Example
In the procurement process, there may be different business partners for different roles in the transaction. These partner roles are defined in vendor master data
Vendor
OrderingAddress
GoodsSupplier
InvoicePresentedBy
PaymentReceivedBy
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GoodsReceipt
PayInvoice
Procurement Process
PurchaseRequisition
PurchaseOrder
InvoiceReceipt
InternalDemand
Customer Vendor
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Material Master Data
An advantage of the SAP system is that it maintains one set of data in real time. Material data is used by many functional areas.
With non-integrated systems, each system may contain material data, and this data is not always consistent. In the SAP system, the data is consistently correct or incorrect.
Material Master data is organized by Views. Depending on the type of material, only certain views need to be used. As the system is configured, additional views can be added as necessary.
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Material Master Views
Basic Data 1 Basic Data 2 Classification Sales: Sales Org Data 1 Sales: Sales Org Data 2 Sales: General/Plant Data Foreign Trade: Export Data Sales Text Purchasing MRP 1 MRP 2 MRP 3 MRP 4 Forecasting Work Scheduling
• General Plant Data/Storage 1• General Plant Data/Storage 2• Warehouse Management 1• Warehouse Management 2• Quality Management• Accounting 1• Accounting 2• Costing 1• Costing 2
Basic Data, Classification arenot plant-specificOther views are plant-specific
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Material Master Views
Plant 1000
NRG-A BarsBase unit: CS
Gross wt: 72 lb.
NRG-A BarsLead Time: 2 daysStd. Price: 216.80
Plant 2000
NRG-A BarsLead Time: 3 daysStd. Price: 223.20
BasicDataView
MRPViews
Non-plant specific
Plant specific
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Purchasing Process
Create Purchase Requisition Where analysis/vendor selection occurs
Create Purchase Order from Requisition Requisition items can be used to generate multiple purchase orders
Create Goods Receipt Create Invoice Receipt Post Outgoing Payment
Unfortunately, there is no purchasing “document flow” (BT: why not? )
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Sales & Credit Management Example
Credit Management is a cross-functional activity between SD and FI
SD FICREDIT
SalesPeoplewant tosell
FI Peoplewant toreducerisk
Credit is an independent functionin the SAP R/3 system
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Credit/Risk Process
Credit Management SD, FI
Cust: Health ExpressRisk: MediumCredit Limit: $10,000Ttl. Commit: $6,000
Order: 5923Order Amount: $5,000 Credit Limit ExceededBlock orderE-mail to credit rep. (opt.)
Blocked document listor E-mail (opt.)
Review situationRelease order
Pick, pack & ship orderBill Customer
Credit control (blocks) can be applied at order entry,delivery creation or goods issue
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Static vs. Dynamic Checks
Receivables
Opendelivery value
Openorder
Credit Limit
Openorder
Openorder
Receivables
Opendelivery value
Openorder
Openorder
Openorder
Credit HorizonStatic Check
Dynamic Check
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Decentralized Credit Management
Each company code sets and monitors a credit limit independently
Credit Control Area 1
Company Code 1
Sales Org.1
Health ExpressLimit: $50,000
Credit Control Area 2
Company Code 2
Sales Org.2
Health ExpressLimit: $100,000
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Centralized Credit Management
Transactions with each company code apply to the single credit limit set for the single credit control area
Credit Control Area 1
Company Code 1
Sales Org.1
Limit: $150,000
Company Code 2
Sales Org.2
Health ExpressHealth Express
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Exchange Rates
Receivables for Company Code 2 are converted from Euros to US Dollars when credit is checked
Credit Control Area 1Currency: USD
Company Code 1Currency: USD
Sales Org.1
Limit: $150,000
Company Code 2Currency: EU
Sales Org.2
Health ExpressHealth Express
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Automatic Credit Control
Determine points at which credit check is carried out (order creation, delivery creation or goods issue)
Determine type of check Based on:
Credit control area Risk category Document (credit group)
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Automatic Credit Control
Salesorganization
CompanyCode
Credit Control Area
Customer
RiskCategory
TransactionType
Credit group
When Credit is CheckedWhy Credit is CheckedWhat the system does (warning, error)
As of release 4.0, Credit control area can also be Determined via:
user exitspayersales area