SANOCEAN - Innovasjon Norge...capacity for management of kelp forest resources in a changing ocean....
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Karen Filbee-Dexter, Albertus J Smit, Kjell Magnus Norderhaug, Thomas Wernberg, Mark Rothman, Kasper Hancke, Tove Margrethe Blue growth opportunities in changing kelp forests SANOCEAN
Transcript of SANOCEAN - Innovasjon Norge...capacity for management of kelp forest resources in a changing ocean....
Karen Filbee-Dexter, Albertus J Smit, Kjell Magnus Norderhaug, Thomas Wernberg,
Mark Rothman, Kasper Hancke, Tove Margrethe
Blue growth opportunities in changing kelp forests
SANOCEAN
SANOCEAN CALL
BLUECONNECT: Establish a collaborative knowledge platform and buildcapacity for management of kelp forest resources in a changing ocean.
Laminaria hyperborea, Norway
Project structure1) Student training and competence building2) Exchange of scientific and technical
information3) Joint research activities
“The numbers of living creatures of all
Orders whose existence intimately depends
on kelp is wonderful ....... I can only
compare these great aquatic forests with
the terrestrial ones in the intertropical
regions, yet if in any country a forest was
destroyed, I do not believe as many species
of animals would perish as would here from
the destruction of kelp”
Charles Darwin (1839) Voyage of the Beagle
Kelp forests: habitat and food for fish and other species, harvestableresource, and offer ecosystem services for coastal communities
61% of the
world’s kelp
forests have
been in decline
over the past
2-5 decades
Filbee-Dexter & Wernberg 2018 BioScience
Expansion in sea ice free Arctic
Loss with rising temperatures
Recovery of sea urchin barrens
Expansion with upwelling change
Replacement by smaller invasives
Loss with rising temperatures
Loss with rising temperatures
Replacement by larger cool kelps
Foto: S Fredriksen
Foto: E Svensen
Barren ground
Recovery of barrens
South African kelp forests: Range-expanding kelp: De Hoop
Bolton et al 2012 AJMS
Intrinsic values
• Biodiversity
• Scientific information
• Cultural signficanceDirect values
• Harvestable resource
• Recreational fishing
• Subsistence fishing
• Commercial fishing
• TourismIndirect values
• Habitat provision
• Coastal protection
• Nutrient cycling
• Climate control
• What did kelp forests ever do for us?
~R10,000,000per year per kilometer coast
Filbee-Dexter & Wernberg (2018) BioScience
Capacity building in ocean science
2-week graduate-level training coursein subtidal research
- March 2020, 2021, 2022
Exchange scientific knowledge and technology
Workshops in South Africa and Norway on kelp forest management - Stock assessments; associated species (cod, abalone); quota systems and recovery time
Kelp harvest in Norway
• quantify effects from large scale disturbance in kelp forest ecosystems
• Testing methods for assessing fish communities in dense vegetation
Kelp management in South Africa
Joint Research Activities- Climate-driven changes to kelps- Ecosystem services from kelp forests
- Engineering, indirect services, C-stores
Research Activities
Declining body size and implications for kelp forests in a warmer world
Thallus weight (kg FW)
0
2
4
6
8
10
Stipe height (cm)
40
80
120
160
200
240
Stipe diameter (mm)
20
32
44
56
68
80
Lamina length (cm)
20
60
100
140
180
220
Lamina width (cm)
0
25
50
75
100
125
Lamina thickness (mm)
0.0
0.6
1.2
1.8
2.4
3.0
Digits (count)
0
8
16
24
32
40
Epiphyte load (g FW)
0
100
200
300
400
500
L. hyperborea L. pallida
warmcool warmcool warmcool warmcool
L. hyperborea L. pallida Wernberg et al. In prep
Deliverables
Capacity building: - Certifications and skills from student field course- Student-led scientific publications/outputs
Knowledge transfer: - Policy recommendation document for sustainable kelp forest management in South Africa- Development and exchange of remote sensing tools and modelling techniques
Research publications- Declining body size and implications for kelp forests in a warmer world: size does matter- Ecosystem engineering by Ecklonia maxima - Expansion, contraction and species replacement: Ecklonia maxima and E. radiata in South Africa- Can expanding Arctic kelps buffer coastlines from erosion with melting permafrost- Ecosystem services from kelp forests …. broader international collaboration for special issue in A.B- Carbon uptake and storage by blue forests globally …. broader international collaboration- Climate driven transformations to kelp forests globally …. broader international collaboration
Outreach- Public lectures and talks (March 2019), social media- Kelp forest book
Karen Filbee-Dexter, Albertus J Smit, Kjell Magnus Norderhaug, Thomas Wernberg,
Mark Rothman, Kasper Hancke, Tove Margrethe
