Sandy Monitoring Database...May 28, 2020 · Outline of Presentation •Socioeconomic Monitoring...

Socioeconomic

Monitoring of

Hurricane Sandy

Restoration Projects

NAEP Webinar: Coastal Restoration and ResilienceMay 28, 2020

National Fish and Wildlife Foundation

Outline of Presentation

• Socioeconomic Monitoring Objectives

• Socioeconomic Metrics

• Monitoring Results

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Monitoring of Sandy Restoration Projects

• After Hurricane Sandy in 2012, the U.S. Department of Interior made a significant investment in projects designed to reduce ecosystem and community vulnerability to storms

• Abt was awarded one of eight grants to monitor effects of these projects:

– Ecological (7)– Socioeconomic (1)

• The eight grants are monitoring 38 of 160 Sandy Restoration projects

3

Restoration Projects Being Monitored

• Four Restoration Project Types

– Marsh Restoration

– Beach and Dune Restoration

– Creation of Living Shorelines

– Restoration of Aquatic Connectivity (Dam

Removal)

4

Socioeconomic Metric Development

• In 2015, NFWF published an initial list of metrics in Developing Socioeconomic Metrics to Measure DOI Hurricane Sandy Project and Program Outcomes

• Initial list was revised for this effort to focus on four categories of metrics

– Human health (4)– Property and Infrastructure Protection (13)– Economic Resiliency (14)– Community Competency and Empowerment (1)

5

Metric Logic Diagram

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Socioeconomic Metric Methodology

7

Metric Class Metric Methodology Project Type

Human Health and Safety

Number of Individuals Impacted by Flood Event (with andwithout project)

Measure number of individuals within the Zone of Influence

• Marsh Creation

• Beach and Dune Restoration

• Living Shorelines

• Aquatic Connectivity

Zone of Influence

• Estimate a Zone of Influence (ZOI) for each restoration project.

– physical geo-boundary (area) influenced by the restoration project.

• ZOI is predominately associated with a change in flood risk frequency and magnitude from coastal and/or riverine processes

– Housing, businesses and other critical infrastructure, land use/land cover classes of importance, recreational areas, and critical habitat types as well as human populations

8

Socioeconomic Monitoring

• Estimating Zone of Influence (ZOI)

– Delineation of spatial extent of inundation footprint (before/after project implementation)

• Evaluate spatial footprint with static water level (bathtub approach)

• Consider impacts from wave attenuation

• Hydrologic and Hydraulic (H&H) modeling (e.g., dam removal projects)

• Estimating Socioeconomic Monitoring Metrics

– Combine spatial footprint (ZOI) with ancillary data

• Population and housing units (e.g. U.S. Census)

• Infrastructure (roads, critical facilities, etc.)

• Environmental datasets (wetland habitat, etc.)

Abt Associates | pg 12

Evaluation of Improving Shoreline Habitats

• Shinnecock Reservation Shoreline Habitat Improvements

• Utilized a Wave Attenuation Model (GIS) to Estimate ZOI

– Scenario is based on a 4ft storm surge (1.21m) and 6ft waves

(1.8m)

– Project elevations interpolated from digitized contours:

• Mean Higher High Water (MHHW) mark (2016)

• Approximate elevation at beach/upland interface (pre-project)

from 2014 lidar data

• Interpolated project elevation and embedded onto pre-project

beach/upland elevation


Project: Improving Shoreline Habitats


Project: Improving Shoreline Habitats – Pre-

Project


Project: Improving Shoreline Habitats – Post

Project


Project: ZOI/Impact


Project: Potential Benefits

• Inundation of about 900 feet of streets is also prevented


Project: Aquatic Connectivity - Changes in FEMA 100-

Yr Floodplain

• Hyde Pond Dam Removal: Whitford

Brook (a primary inflowing tributary of the

Mystic River), Connecticut

• Removal Purposes: Dam was removed

in November 2015 to restore 4.1 miles of

migratory fish access and reconnect the

river to its floodplains (Not primarily for

flood risk reduction)

• Analysis evaluated FEMA National

Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) data:

– Pre-Removal (2012) and Post-

Removal (2019) 100-Year Floodplain.


Hyde Pond Dam Removal

Before Dam Removal (4/2013) After Dam Removal (4/2018)

Sources: Google Earth Pro


Hyde Pond Dam Removal – FEMA 100-Yr

FloodplainPost-Project

(after dam removal)Pre-Project(before dam removal)

No Change Upstream of

Dam Location

Changes (ZOI)(Reduction + Increase)

Downstream of Dam Location


Floodplain Reduction

Pre-Project Post-ProjectFEMA 100-year

floodplain in 2012FEMA 100-year

floodplain in 2019

100-Year

Floodplain

Reduction (in blue)

within 1 mile

downstream of

dam location


Floodplain Increase

Pre-Project Post-ProjectFEMA 100-year floodplain in 2012

100-Year Floodplain Increase (in Brown) within 1-2 mile downstream of dam location

FEMA 100-year floodplain in 2019


Buildings and Roads within 100-Yr Floodplain


Project Impact Summary

• There are more reductions than increases in 100-Year

floodplains within 2 miles downstream of the Hyde Pond Dam

(all reductions occur within 1 mile; increases are within 1 to 2

miles)

100-Yr Floodplain

Area (Mile2)

Building (#)

Road Segment (#)

Road Length (Mile)

Reduction 0.018292 25 13 3.005507Increase 0.016266 14 10 2.704365

Net Reduction 0.002026 11 3 0.301142% of Net

Reduction11% 44% 23% 10%


Socioeconomic Monitoring Next Steps

• Evaluate ZOI for each project

• Estimate relevant socioeconomic metrics for each project and

ZOI (pre and post project)

• Report results in the monitoring database

abtassociates.com

ContactLisa McDonald, PhD

Senior Associate

[email protected]

+1 657-520-3546

Sandy Monitoring Database...May 28, 2020 · Outline of Presentation •Socioeconomic Monitoring...

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