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This report has been produced in accordance with the AGREEMENT, and is subject to the terms and conditions agreed upon therein. The report was produced exclusively for our CLIENT. Not to be used or interpreted by anyone other than our CLIENT or their representative. PETERSEN PROPERTY SERVICES, LLC - Home Inspection Report – [4209 Roy St. Orlando, FL] – [March 14, 2018]

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PO Box 560463

Orlando, FL 32856 321‐276‐9568

[email protected] www.gopetersen.com

Home Inspection Report Report # [PPS‐18256]

Property Address: 4209 Roy St Orlando, FL 32812 Date of Inspection: March 14, 2018 Client or Representative: Ken Tinsley

This report is the exclusive property of PETERSEN PROPERTY SERVICES, LLC and our CLIENT. PETERSEN PROPERTY SERVICES, LLC is not responsible for misinterpretations by 3rd parties. The report is not transferrable. The inspection was performed according to the InterNACHI Standards of Practice, which is available prior to the inspection or at www.nachi.org/sop.htm and is part of this report (see Exhibit “A”).


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Table of Contents Cover Page 1

General Information 3

Important Considerations Regarding the Home Inspection 4

Introduction, Scope, Definitions and Compliance Statement 5

Roof 6

Exterior 9

Structure/Foundation 15

Heating/Ventilation/Air Conditioning (HVAC) 16

Plumbing 19

Electrical 21

Fireplace/Chimney 25

Attic/Insulation/Ventilation 27

Doors/Windows/Interior 29

Report Conclusion 32

Exhibit A ‐ InterNACHI Standards of Practice 33


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General Information Property Address: 4209 Roy St

Orlando, FL 32812 Date of Inspection: March 14,2018 Weather Conditions: Clear, 68˚F Inspected By: Mike Petersen License # HI10742 Client Information: Ken Tinsley Property Type: Single Family Structure Type: Slab on grade, concrete block, roof truss Siding Material: Stucco Roof Covering Type: Asphalt Shingle ‐ Architectural Roof Geometry: Gable Square Footage: 2102 Floors: 1 Bedrooms: 3 Bathrooms: 2 Year Constructed: 2006 Locations of Important Items (plan is schematic and not to scale):


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Important Considerations Regarding the Home Inspection

The process of buying a home can prove to be stressful. A home inspection is designed to provide important information about the home and to help give you peace of mind. You will need to absorb a lot of information contained in this report including photographs and the inspector’s recommendations. All this combined with the seller's disclosure and the things you notice yourself can make the experience seem even more overwhelming. Don’t stress out! Most of your inspection will be maintenance recommendations, life expectancies and minor imperfections. These are important to know about but don’t let them cause undue apprehension. The issues that really matter will fall into four categories:

1. Major defects in critical components or systems. 2. Issues with critical components or systems that may lead to major defects. 3. Things that may hinder your ability to finance, legally occupy, or insure the home. 4. Safety hazards.

Anything in these categories should be corrected. Often a serious problem can be corrected inexpensively to protect both life and property (especially in categories 2 and 4). Most sellers are honest and are often surprised to learn of defects uncovered during an inspection. Realize that sellers are under no obligation to repair everything mentioned in the report. No home is perfect and it is important to keep things in perspective. It is not appropriate to demand that a seller address deferred maintenance, conditions already listed on the seller's disclosure, or cosmetic items. Don’t miss out on an opportunity over minor flaws and imperfections.


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Introduction, Scope, Definitions, & Compliance Statement INTRODUCTION: Following completion of the inspection, you will be provided with a complete report. The report includes pictures, information, and recommendations. The inspection will be performed in accordance with the current Standards of Practice and Code of Ethics of the International Association of Certified Home Inspectors (InterNACHI). The Standards contain certain and very important limitations, exceptions, and exclusions to the inspection. A copy is available prior to, during, and after the inspection, and will be part of the report. It is also available at www.nachi.org/sop.htm . The inspector may exceed the Standards of Practice for certain excluded items as noted in the report. SCOPE: This inspection complies with and reflects the provision of CHAPTER 468, FLORIDA STATUTES. A home inspection is intended to assist in evaluating the overall condition of the dwelling. The inspection is based on observation of the visible, readily accessible and apparent condition of the structure and its components on the date of the inspection. The results of this inspection are not intended to make any representation regarding the presence or absence of latent or concealed defects that are not reasonably ascertainable or readily accessible in a competently performed inspection. No warranty, guarantee, or insurance by PETERSEN PROPERTY SERVICES, LLC is expressed or implied. This report does not include inspection or testing for wood destroying organisms, radon gas, mold, lead or asbestos. A representative sampling of the building components is viewed in areas that are accessible at the time of the inspection. No destructive testing or dismantling of components is performed. Not all defects will be identified during this inspection. Unexpected repairs should be anticipated. The person conducting your inspection is not a licensed structural engineer or other professional whose license authorizes the rendering of an opinion as to the structural integrity of a building or its other component parts. You are advised to seek two professional opinions and acquire estimates of repair as to any defects, comments, improvements or recommendations mentioned in the report. We recommend that the professional making any repairs inspect the property further, in order to discover and repair related problems that were not identified in the report. We recommend that all repairs, corrections, and cost estimates be completed and documented prior to closing or purchasing the property. Feel free to hire other professionals to inspect the property prior to closing, including HVAC professionals, electricians, plumbers, engineers, or roofers. DEFINITIONS: To be concise, the following phrases will be used in the report to identify systems or components that need your attention prior to closing or purchasing the property: FE‐FURTHER EVALUATION NEEDED: Denotes a system or component that in the inspector’s opinion needs further evaluation and/or close observation in order to determine if correction is needed. IR‐IMPROVEMENT RECOMMENDED: Denotes a system or component that in the inspector’s opinion should receive normal maintenance, repair, or adjustment in order to function properly. RR‐REPAIR RECOMMENDED: Denotes a system or component that in the inspector’s opinion is significantly deficient, at the end of its service life or is a safety hazard and needs corrective action, repair or replacement by a professional. We recommend the professional making any corrective action to inspect the property further (further evaluation) in order to discover and repair related problems that were not identified in the report. All corrections and evaluations must be made prior to closing or purchasing the property. FLORIDA HOME INSPECTOR COMPLIANCE STATEMENT: I represent that I am a full member in good standing of the International Association of Certified Home Inspectors (InterNACHI), www.nachi.org Member #17010632 Certified Home Inspector © I have conducted a home inspection of the previously mentioned property in accordance with the InterNACHI Code of Ethics and Standards of Practice and the Home Inspection Agreement. I am certified under the provisions of CHAPTER 468, FLORIDA STATUTES as a Home Inspector by the Florida Department of Business and Professional Regulation License #HI10742. I meet or exceed all state mandated insurance requirements. FLORIDA WOOD DESTROYING ORGANISM STATEMENT: Petersen Property Services, LLC is not a licensed pest control company. Wood Destroying Organisms (WDO) inspections fall under the definition of pest control in Chapter 482, Florida Statutes. Upon observing apparent WDO damage during the home inspection, we can state that we observed damage to wood, structure, or other evidence, but cannot state that it is due to a wood‐destroying organism. We cannot diagnose the condition or state that it's due to termites or some other pest. If we discover such evidence, we will recommend you hire a licensed professional pest operator that is registered with the State of Florida as a Certified Operator in the WDO category to diagnose the condition and recommend the appropriate action. Mike Petersen, PETERSEN PROPERTY SERVICES, LLC


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Roof PETERSEN PROPERTY SERVICES, LLC is not professional roofing contractor and this is not an exhaustive inspection of every installation detail of the roof system according to the manufacturer's specifications or construction codes. This report is not a warranty or guarantee of the roof system. It is virtually impossible to detect a leak except as it is occurring or by specific water tests, which are beyond the scope of our inspection. We do however inspect for evidence of previous or active leaks. We recommend that you ask the sellers to disclose information about the roof system, age, condition and prior problems, manufacturer and installation warranties, and that you include comprehensive roof coverage in your home insurance policy. It is essential that any recommendation that we make for service, correction, repair or further evaluation be scheduled with a licensed professional roofing contractor prior to closing or purchasing the property. The hired professional could reveal additional defects or recommend further repairs that could affect your evaluation of the property.

ROOF IN FE IR RR NP

A ROOF COVERING MATERIAL X X B GUTTERS/ROOF DRAINS X X C DOWNSPOUTS X D FLASHINGS, CHIMNEYS AND OTHER PENETRATIONS X E GENERAL ROOF STRUCTURE X

IN=Inspected, FE=Further Evaluation Needed, IR=Improvement Recommended, RR=Repair Recommended, NP=Not Present

Roof Inspected: at the eaves and with remote camera extension pole Roof Covering Material: asphalt shingle ‐ architectural Estimated Age: original – 12 years old General Condition of Roof: Roof covering, gutters, downspouts, flashings, penetrations and general roof structure were observed in generally good condition at the time of the inspection. Maintenance and repair recommended (see comments). NOTE: architectural asphalt shingles generally have a life expectancy of 15‐20 years in Florida. A periodic, comprehensive program of maintenance, service and repair can extend these general life expectancies. General Photos of Roof:

Front


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Rear

Chimney Penetration Chimney Cap with Spark Arrestor

Downspout Underground Drainage Downspout Splash Block


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Comments: “A” Roof Covering – observed possible under driven nails. The entire roof covering should be inspected by a licensed professional roofing contractor and correction should be made.

Comments: “A” ROOF COVERING and “B” GUTTERS/ROOF DRAINS – observed debris accumulation on the roof covering and gutters. This should be corrected and included in a periodic general maintenance program.

IR ‐ possible under driven nail IR– possible under driven nail

IR ‐ debris accumulation IR ‐ debris accumulation


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Exterior PETERSEN PROPERTY SERVICES, LLC is not a general or exterior contractor, engineer or architect and this is not an exhaustive inspection of every detail of the exterior or inaccessible systems such as underground drainage and irrigation systems. This report is not a warranty or guarantee of any exterior component or system. Although the InterNACHI Standards of Practice does not require inspection of swimming pools, spas or irrigation systems, as a courtesy to you we will visually inspect these items and check that they are functional using normal operating controls. We recommend asking the seller about water problems including but not limited to water puddles in the yard, gutter or downspout problems, water penetration into the lowest level of the structure, and drainage systems. It is essential that any recommendation that we make for service, correction, repair or further evaluation be scheduled with a licensed professional contractor prior to closing or purchasing the property. The hired professional could reveal additional defects or recommend further repairs that could affect your evaluation of the property.

EXTERIOR IN FE IR RR NP

A SIDING MATERIAL X B EAVES, SOFFITS AND FASCIA X C WINDOWS X X D DOORS X X X E FLASHING AND TRIM X F WALKWAYS AND DRIVEWAYS X X G STAIRS, STEPS, STOOPS, STAIRWAYS AND RAMPS X

H PORCHES, PATIOS, DECKS, BALCONIES AND CARPORTS X X

I RAILINGS, GUARDS AND HANDRAILS X X

J VEGITATION, SURFACE DRAINAGE, RETAINING WALLS AND GRADING X IN=Inspected, FE=Further Evaluation Needed, IR=Improvement Recommended, RR=Repair Recommended, NP=Not Present

Siding Material: stucco General Condition of Exterior: the siding, eaves, fascia, windows, doors, flashing, trim, walkways, driveways, porch, patio, vegetation, surface drainage and grading were observed to be in generally good condition at the time of inspection. Further evaluation, maintenance and repair recommended (see comments).


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General Photos of Exterior:

Front

Rear

Patio and Deck


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Comments: “C” WINDOWS – observed some small voids in window caulking that could allow air, water or pest intrusion. No indications of water intrusion at this time. All window caulking should be inspected and corrected by a professional contractor. Comments: “D” DOORS ‐ observed indication of repair on the door edge and frame (hinge side) on one of the rear entry doors. We recommend asking the seller about this issue. This could be an indication of water intrusion and should be investigated further and corrected by a professional contractor.

IR– Window caulking

FE, IR – evidence of repair on rear door and frame. Possible water intrusion.


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Comments: “F” WALKWAYS AND DRIVEWAYS – Observed trip hazard in pavers on rear walkway. Recommend inspection and repair by a professional contractor. Observed normal expansion cracking on concrete driveway, no indications of movement or trip hazard observed. Comments: “H” PORCHES, PATIOS, DECKS, BALCONIES AND CARPORTS ‐ Observed wood decay on the freestanding (unattached) deck at the rear of the property. Recommend inspection and repair by a professional contractor.

IR– trip hazard rear walkway pavers Expansion cracking on driveway

IR– Wood decay on freestanding deck


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Comments: “I” RAILINGS, GUARDS AND HANDRAILS ‐ The guard for the freestanding deck (unattached) has horizontal slats that could be a safety hazard for children (climbing hazard). On the rear of the deck, there is a 6’ drop from the top of the rail to the ground. Serious injury or death could result from a fall at this height. Further evaluation recommended.

Comments: Spa ‐ although the Standards of Practice does not require inspection of spas, as a courtesy to you we visually inspected this item and checked that it was functional using normal operating controls. The electrical disconnect for the spa was inspected and the GFCI breaker located in the main electrical panel was inspected and tested.

FE– Horizontal slats on guard for freestanding deck

6’ drop from top of rail

Spa visually inspected and checked using normal operating controls.


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Comments: Irrigation system ‐ although the Standards of Practice do not require inspection of irrigation systems, as a courtesy to you we visually inspected this item and checked that it was functional using normal operating controls. Each zone was activated and checked for missing heads and visible leaks. The system was not tested for coverage, flow rate, adequacy of flow, start or run times.

Electrical disconnect for spa

GFCI breaker for spa tested

Irrigation system checked using normal operating controls


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Foundation/Structure PETERSEN PROPERTY SERVICES, LLC is not a professional structural or geotechnical engineer and this inspection of the foundation and structural components does not determine or verify the adequacy of any structural system or component and is not a warranty of these systems. We recommend you consider hiring a licensed professional structural engineer prior to closing or purchasing the property to address any concerns you have even if we do not identify any material structural defects. Additionally, it is essential that any recommendation that we make for service, correction, repair or further evaluation be scheduled with a licensed professional general contractor or structural engineer prior to closing or purchasing the property. The hired professional could reveal additional defects or recommend further repairs that could affect your evaluation of the property.

FOUNDATION/STRUCTURE IN FE IR RR NP

A FOUNDATION X B BASEMENT X

C CRAWLSPACE X

D STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS X IN=Inspected, FE=Further Evaluation Needed, IR=Improvement Recommended, RR=Repair Recommended, NP=Not Present

Foundation Type: slab on grade Location of Under Floor Access: N/A General Condition of Foundation and Structural Components: building was inspected for indications of foundation and structural problems and were observed to be in generally good condition at the time of inspection. Comments: “A” FOUNDATION and “D” STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS – slabs and slab on grade foundations are not typically visible due to soil and floor coverings. There were no observed indications of possible foundation movement, such as sheetrock cracks, concrete block cracks, out‐of‐square door frames or unlevel floors. There were no observed cutting, notching or boring of framing members that may, in the inspector's opinion, present a structural or safety concern.


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Heating/Ventilation/Air Conditioning (HVAC) PETERSEN PROPERTY SERVICES, LLC is not a professional HVAC contractor and this inspection of the heating, ventilating and cooling systems is general and not technically exhaustive. This report is not a warranty or guarantee of any HVAC component or system. The inspection is a visual observation of the condition and operation using only the normal operating controls such as thermostats and exhaust fan switches. It is essential that any recommendation that we make for service, correction, repair or further evaluation be scheduled with a licensed professional HVAC contractor prior to closing or purchasing the property. The hired professional could reveal additional defects or recommend further repairs that could affect your evaluation of the property.

HVAC IN FE IR RR NP

A HEATING X X B COOLING X X C VENTILATION X


Heating and Cooling Equipment Type: Central air, split system, heat pump w/supplemental electric heat Condenser Manufacturer, Model # and Age: Rheem model # RPNE‐042JAZ Heat Pump manufactured 02/2006 (12 years) Air Handler Manufacturer, Model # and Age: Rheem model # RHSA‐HM4221JA manufactured 02/2006 (12 years) Location of Thermostat: central living area (see plan on page 2) General Condition of HVAC Equipment: the heating, cooling and exhaust ventilation systems were inspected and checked for proper operation using normal operating controls and were observed to be in generally good condition at the time of inspection. Maintenance and repair recommended (see comments). NOTE: Heat Pump condensers generally have a life expectancy of 10‐15 years and air handlers 15‐20 years. A periodic, comprehensive program of maintenance, service and repair can extend these general life expectancies. General Photos of HVAC:

Heat Pump Condenser Outside Condenser Label


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Air Handler in Garage Air Handler Label

Filter Located in Air Handler 2” High Efficiency Pleated Filter

Installed Programmable Thermostat

Operated Cooling Operated Heating


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Comments: “A” HEATING and “B” COOLING – connector for exterior flexible electrical conduit at the condenser has failed and broken loose. Recommend repair by a professional licensed electrical contractor. NOTE: this recommendation is also included in the electrical section of this report.

IR– electrical conduit connector at condenser has failed


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Plumbing PETERSEN PROPERTY SERVICES, LLC is not a professional plumbing contractor and this inspection of the plumbing systems is general and not technically exhaustive. This report is not a warranty or guarantee of any plumbing component or system. It is essential that any recommendation that we make for service, correction, repair or further evaluation be scheduled with a licensed professional plumbing contractor prior to closing or purchasing the property. The hired professional could reveal additional defects or recommend further repairs that could affect your evaluation of the property.

PLUMBING IN FE IR RR NP

A MAIN WATER SUPPLY SHUT‐OFF VALVE X B MAIN FUEL SUPPLY SHUT‐OFF VALVE X

C WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT X X D INTERIOR WATER SUPPLY FIXTURES AND FAUCETS X E TOILETS X F ALL SINKS, TUBS AND SHOWERS FOR FUNCTIONAL DRAINAGE X G DRAIN, WASTE AND VENT SYSTEM X H DRAINAGE SUMP PUMPS WITH ACCESSIBLE FLOATS X


Water Supply Source: Public Location of Water Supply Shutoff Valve: front left (southwest) side of home (see plan on page 2) Sanitary System Discharge: Private – onsite septic and drain field. Location of Sanitary System Cleanout: rear left (northeast) side of home (see plan on page 2) Water Heater Manufacturer, Model #, Capacity and Age: Not Inspected General Condition of Plumbing Systems: the plumbing systems were inspected and observed to be in generally good condition at the time of inspection. The water heating equipment was not inspected because an insulating blanket was installed on the tank and it was not accessible for inspection. Maintenance and repair recommended (see comments). General Photos of Plumbing:

Water Supply Shutoff Valve Sanitary System Cleanout


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Comments: “C” WATER HEATING EQUIPMENT ‐ The water heating equipment was not inspected because an insulating blanket was installed on the tank and it was not accessible for inspection. Since the water heater was not accessible, the label was not visible. The label provides information on certification, manufacturer, model, capacity and age. A temperature pressure relief valve (TPR) was observed but the discharge pipe was not visible. The TPR valve discharge pipe should always be visible and conspicuous. For this reason, many manufacturers will void the warranty if an insulation blanket is installed. Water heater tanks are insulated and adding an insulation blanket provides very little benefit. Recommend the blanket be removed and the water heater inspected by a professional licensed plumbing contractor.

Inspected each fixture for proper operation by running water

Inspected each toilet for proper operation by flushing

Inspected fixture drain stops and functional drainage

Confirmed water heater is functional

Temperature pressure relief valve (TPR)


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Electrical PETERSEN PROPERTY SERVICES, LLC is not a professional electrical contractor and this inspection of the electrical systems is general and not technically exhaustive. This report is not a warranty or guarantee of any electrical component or system. It is essential that any recommendation that we make for service, correction, repair or further evaluation be scheduled with a licensed professional electrical contractor prior to closing or purchasing the property. The hired professional could reveal additional defects or recommend further repairs that could affect your evaluation of the property.

ELECTRICAL IN FE IR RR NP

A SERVICE EQUIPMENT AND CONDUCTERS X

B ELECTRIC METER, BASE AND MAIN SERVICE DISCONNECT X

C ELECTRIC PANELS AND OVERCURRENT PROTECTION DEVICES X

D SERVICE GROUNDING AND BONDING X

E REPRESENTATIVE # OF SWITCHES AND RECEPTACLES X

F ALL GFCI AND AGFI RECEPTACLES AND CURCUIT BREAKERS X

G PRESENCE OF SMOKE AND CO2 DETECTORS X X X


Main Service Disconnect Amperage Rating (if labeled): 200 amp Type of Wiring: Non‐Metallic (NM) sheathed copper General Condition of Electrical System: the electrical system was inspected and observed to be in generally good condition at the time of inspection. Maintenance and repair recommended (see comments and HVAC section of report). General Photos of Electrical:

Main panel and meter and base

Spa disconnect

Service Disconnect—200 AMP

HVAC disconnect


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5/8” copper ground rod

Distribution panel located in laundry (see plan on page 2)

Interior of distribution panel Distribution panel label

Ground Fault Circuit Interrupt (GFCI) breakers

f b d

Arc Fault Circuit Interrupt (AFCI) breakers for

bedrooms and smoke


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Comments: “G” PRESENCE OF SMOKE AND CO2 DETECTORS – confirmed the presence of smoke detectors but CO2 detectors not present. NOTE: Smoke detectors have life expectancy of 10 years or less. We recommend you request documentation from the seller if they have been replaced (if original they are 12 years old). Recommend further evaluation, inspection and replacement (if required) by a professional licensed electrical contractor. Batteries in smoke detectors should be replaced at least annually.

Tested AFCI circuits at the breakers

Tested GFCI circuits at the receptacles

Checked a representative number of receptacles and switches

FE, IR—smoke detectors may be past life expectancy


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Comments: GENERAL ‐ connector for exterior flexible electrical conduit at the HVAC condenser (outside) has failed and broken loose. Recommend inspection and repair by a professional licensed electrical contractor. NOTE: this recommendation is also included in the HVAC section of this report.

IR– electrical conduit connector at condenser has failed


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Fireplace/Chimney

PETERSEN PROPERTY SERVICES, LLC is not a certified chimney contractor. This inspection of the fireplace and chimney is not technically exhaustive and this report is not a warranty or guarantee of any component thereof. Only a level two inspection performed by a CSIA (Chimney Safety Institute of America) certified chimney sweep can determine the condition of the flue and whether the fireplace is safe to use. We recommend a cleaning and level two inspection of the fireplaces and chimney flues before closing. Clean chimneys don't catch on fire so regular inspection and cleaning should be included in your home maintenance program going forward. More information about fireplaces and chimneys can be obtained at www.csia.org.

FIREPLACE AND CHIMNEY IN FE IR RR NP

A VISIBLE PORTIONS OF FIREPLACES/STOVES AND CHIMNEYS X

B LINTELS ABOVE FIREPLACE OPENINGS X

C DAMPER DOORS X

D CLEANOUT DOORS AND FRAMES X


Type of Fireplace: Manufactured fireplace insert. General Condition of Fireplace and Chimney: the visible portions of the fireplace and chimney were inspected and observed to be in generally good condition at the time of inspection. General Photos of Fireplace/Chimney:

Fireplace insert with fire screen and glass doors Damper control


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Comments: GENERAL ‐ We recommend a cleaning and level two inspection of the fireplaces and chimney flues by a CSIA (Chimney Safety Institute of America) certified chimney sweep before closing. More information about fireplaces and chimneys can be obtained at www.csia.org.

Damper closed

Damper open

Fireplace vent


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Attic, Insulation and Ventilation

PETERSEN PROPERTY SERVICES, LLC is not a professional insulation or ventilation contractor and this inspection of insulation and ventilation does not include determining the R Value or composition of insulation material, adequacy of ventilation and is not a warranty of these systems. Inspection of mechanical exhaust systems for the interior space (kitchen, bathrooms, etc.) is covered in the HVAC section of this report. It is essential that any recommendation that we make for service, correction, repair or further evaluation be scheduled with a licensed professional contractor prior to closing or purchasing the property. The hired professional could reveal additional defects or recommend further repairs that could affect your evaluation of the property.

ATTIC INSULATION AND VENTILATION IN FE IR RR NP

A INSULATION X

B VENTILATION X


Type of Insulation: loose fill Average Depth: 14” Type of Ventilation: ridge and soffit venting General Condition of the Attic, Insulation and Ventilation: the attic, insulation and ventilation were inspected and observed to be in generally good condition at the time of inspection. General Photos of Attic/Insulation/Ventilation:

Attic access in garage Light switch at access opening


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Comments: None

Builders statement—insulation level R‐30

Insulation average depth 14”

Insulation coverage

Ridge vent


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Doors/Windows/Interior

PETERSEN PROPERTY SERVICES, LLC is not a professional door, window or interior contractor and this inspection is not technically exhaustive and is not a warranty of these components. Plumbing fixtures and electrical receptacles are covered under the Plumbing and Electrical sections of this report. Although the InterNACHI Standards of Practice does not require inspection of appliances, as a courtesy to you we will visually inspect the major appliances and check that they are functional using normal operating controls. We do not evaluate them for their performance nor for the accuracy of their settings or cycles and we assume no responsibility for future problems. It is essential that any recommendation that we make for service, correction, repair or further evaluation be scheduled with a licensed professional contractor prior to closing or purchasing the property. The hired professional could reveal additional defects or recommend further repairs that could affect your evaluation of the property.

DOORS, WINDOWS AND INTERIOR IN FE IR RR NP

A DOORS AND WINDOWS X B FLOORS, WALLS AND CEILINGS X X X C STAIRS, STEPS, LANDINGS, STAIRWAYS AND RAMPS X

D RAILINGS, GUARDS AND HANDRAILS X

E GARAGE VEHICLE DOORS AND OPENERS X IN=Inspected, FE=Further Evaluation Needed, IR=Improvement Recommended, RR=Repair Recommended, NP=Not Present

Garage Vehicle Door Method of Opening: automatic w/safety sensors General Condition of Doors, Windows and Interior: the doors, windows, floors, walls, ceilings and garage vehicle doors were inspected and observed to be in generally good condition at the time of inspection. General Photos of Doors, Windows and Interior:

Operated a representative number of doors and windows


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Comments: “B” FLOORS, WALLS AND CEILINGS ‐ observed indication of repair and possible wood decay on the flooring at one of the rear entry doors. We recommend asking the seller about this issue. This could be an indication of water intrusion and should be investigated further and corrected by a professional contractor.

FE, IR—indication of repair and possible water intrusion

Operated automatic garage door Checked automatic opener safety devices


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Comments: “B” FLOORS, WALLS AND CEILINGS ‐ observed indication of repair on the ceiling in the kitchen above the range. Although indications of active leaks were not observed at the time of the inspection, this could have been a previous roof leak that was repaired. We recommend asking the seller about this issue. This could be an indication of water intrusion and should be investigated further and corrected (if required) by a professional contractor.

Comments: electric range ‐ although the Standards of Practice does not require inspection of appliances, as a courtesy to you we visually inspected this item and checked that it was functional using normal operating controls.

FE, IR—indication of repair and possible water intrusion

Checked range cooktop Checked oven


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Conclusion

We are proud of our service, and trust that you are pleased with the quality of our report. We have made every effort to provide you with an accurate assessment of the condition of the property and it’s components and to alert you to any significant defects or adverse conditions. However, we have not tested every outlet, opened every window and door or identified every problem. Because our inspection is essentially visual and cannot predict future events or conditions, latent defects could exist. Therefore, you should not regard our inspection or this report as a guarantee or warranty of any system or component. It is simply a report on the general condition of a property on the day of the inspection. As a homeowner, you should expect problems to occur. For these reasons, you should keep a comprehensive insurance policy current. Additionally, a periodic, comprehensive program of maintenance, service and repair is essential for proper care and upkeep of a home and it’s various components and systems. This can also extend the general life expectancies of these components. This report was written exclusively for our Client and it is not transferable to other people. The report is only supplemental to a seller's disclosure. Thank you for taking the time to read this report, and call us if you have any questions. We are always attempting to improve the quality of our service and our reports. PRE‐CLOSING WALK THROUGH: The walk through prior to closing is the time for Client to inspect the property. Conditions can change between the time of a home inspection and the time of closing. Restrictions that existed during the inspection may have been removed for the walk through and defects or problems that were not found during the home inspection may be discovered. Client should be thorough and any defect or problem discovered during the walk through should be negotiated with the owner/seller of the property prior to closing. Purchasing the property with a known defect or problem releases PETERSEN PROPERTY SERVICES, LLC of all responsibility. Client assumes responsibility for all known defects after settlement. The following are recommendations for the pre‐closing walk through your new house. Consider hiring a certified home inspector to assist you.

Check the heating and cooling system. Turn the thermostat to heat mode and turn the temperature setting up. Confirm that the heating system is running and generating heat. Turn the thermostat to off and wait 20 minutes. Turn the thermostat to cool mode and turn the temperature setting down. Confirm the condenser fan is spinning and the system is making cool air. The cooling system should not be checked if the temperature is below 60 degrees or if the temperature was below freezing the night before the walk‐through. And you should not operate a heat pump in the heating mode when it is over 75 degrees outside.

Operate all appliances.

Run water at all fixtures and flush toilets. Look for plumbing leaks.

Operate all exterior doors, windows, and locks.

Test smoke and carbon monoxide detectors.

Ask for all remote controls to any garage door openers, fans, gas fireplaces, etc.

Inspect areas that may have been restricted at the time of the inspection.

Ask seller questions about anything that was not covered during the home inspection.

Ask seller about prior infestation treatment and warranties that may be transferable.

Read the seller's disclosure.


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Exhibit “A” InterNACHI Standards of Practice for Home Inspection

Revised January 2018 Table of Contents 1. Definitions and Scope 2. Limitations, Exceptions & Exclusions 3. Standards of Practice

3.1. Roof 3.2. Exterior 3.3. Basement, Foundation, Crawlspace & Structure 3.4. Heating 3.5. Cooling 3.6. Plumbing 3.7. Electrical 3.8. Fireplace 3.9. Attic, Insulation & Ventilation 3.10. Doors, Windows & Interior

4. Glossary of Terms

1. Definitions and Scope

1.1. A general home inspection is a non‐invasive, visual examination of the accessible areas of a residential property (as delineated below), performed for a fee, which is designed to identify defects within specific systems and components defined by these Standards that are both observed and deemed material by the inspector. The scope of work may be modified by the Client and Inspector prior to the inspection process.

I. The general home inspection is based on the observations made on the date of the inspection, and not a prediction of future conditions.

II. The general home inspection will not reveal every issue that exists or ever could exist, but only those material defects observed on the date of the inspection.

1.2. A material defect is a specific issue with a system or component of a residential property that may have a significant, adverse impact on the value of the property, or that poses an unreasonable risk to people. The fact that a system or component is near, at, or beyond the end of its normal, useful life is not, in itself, a material defect.

1.3. A general home inspection report shall identify, in written format, defects within specific systems and components defined by these Standards that are both observed and deemed material by the inspector. Inspection reports may include additional comments and recommendations.

2. Limitations, Exceptions & Exclusions

2.1. Limitations:

I. An inspection is not technically exhaustive. II. An inspection will not identify concealed or latent defects. III. An inspection will not deal with aesthetic concerns or what could be deemed matters of taste, cosmetic defects, etc. IV. An inspection will not determine the suitability of the property for any use. V. An inspection does not determine the market value of the property or its marketability.


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VI. An inspection does not determine the insurability of the property. VII. An inspection does not determine the advisability or inadvisability of the purchase of the inspected property. VIII. An inspection does not determine the life expectancy of the property or any components or systems therein. IX. An inspection does not include items not permanently installed. X. This Standards of Practice applies to properties with four or fewer residential units and their attached garages and carports.

2.2. Exclusions:

I. The inspector is not required to determine:

A. property boundary lines or encroachments. B. the condition of any component or system that is not readily accessible. C. the service life expectancy of any component or system. D. the size, capacity, BTU, performance or efficiency of any component or system. E. the cause or reason of any condition. F. the cause for the need of correction, repair or replacement of any system or component. G. future conditions. H. compliance with codes or regulations. I. the presence of evidence of rodents, birds, bats, animals, insects, or other pests. J. the presence of mold, mildew or fungus. K. the presence of airborne hazards, including radon. L. the air quality. M. the existence of environmental hazards, including lead paint, asbestos or toxic drywall. N. the existence of electromagnetic fields. O. any hazardous waste conditions. P. any manufacturers' recalls or conformance with manufacturer installation, or any information included for consumer protection

purposes. Q. acoustical properties. R. correction, replacement or repair cost estimates. S. estimates of the cost to operate any given system.

II. The inspector is not required to operate:

A. any system that is shut down. B. any system that does not function properly. C. or evaluate low‐voltage electrical systems, such as, but not limited to:

1. phone lines; 2. cable lines; 3. satellite dishes; 4. antennae; 5. lights; or 6. remote controls.

D. any system that does not turn on with the use of normal operating controls. E. any shut‐off valves or manual stop valves. F. any electrical disconnect or over‐current protection devices. G. any alarm systems. H. moisture meters, gas detectors or similar equipment.

III. The inspector is not required to:

A. move any personal items or other obstructions, such as, but not limited to: throw rugs, carpeting, wall coverings, furniture, ceiling tiles, window coverings, equipment, plants, ice, debris, snow, water, dirt, pets, or anything else that might restrict the visual inspection.

B. dismantle, open or uncover any system or component. C. enter or access any area that may, in the inspector's opinion, be unsafe. D. enter crawlspaces or other areas that may be unsafe or not readily accessible.


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E. inspect underground items, such as, but not limited to: lawn‐irrigation systems, or underground storage tanks (or indications of their presence), whether abandoned or actively used.

F. do anything that may, in the inspector's opinion, be unsafe or dangerous to him/herself or others, or damage property, such as, but not limited to: walking on roof surfaces, climbing ladders, entering attic spaces, or negotiating with pets.

G. inspect decorative items. H. inspect common elements or areas in multi‐unit housing. I. inspect intercoms, speaker systems or security systems. J. offer guarantees or warranties. K. offer or perform any engineering services. L. offer or perform any trade or professional service other than general home inspection. M. research the history of the property, or report on its potential for alteration, modification, extendibility or suitability for a specific or

proposed use for occupancy. N. determine the age of construction or installation of any system, structure or component of a building, or differentiate between

original construction and subsequent additions, improvements, renovations or replacements. O. determine the insurability of a property. P. perform or offer Phase 1 or environmental audits. Q. inspect any system or component that is not included in these Standards.

3. Standards of Practice 3.1. Roof

I. The inspector shall inspect from ground level or the eaves:

A. the roof‐covering materials; B. the gutters; C. the downspouts; D. the vents, flashing, skylights, chimney, and other roof penetrations; and E. the general structure of the roof from the readily accessible panels, doors or stairs.

II. The inspector shall describe:

A. the type of roof‐covering materials.

III. The inspector shall report as in need of correction:

A. observed indications of active roof leaks.

IV. The inspector is not required to:

A. walk on any roof surface. B. predict the service life expectancy. C. inspect underground downspout diverter drainage pipes. D. remove snow, ice, debris or other conditions that prohibit the observation of the roof surfaces. E. move insulation. F. inspect antennae, satellite dishes, lightning arresters, de‐icing equipment, or similar attachments. G. walk on any roof areas that appear, in the inspector's opinion, to be unsafe. H. walk on any roof areas if doing so might, in the inspector's opinion, cause damage. I. perform a water test. J. warrant or certify the roof. K. confirm proper fastening or installation of any roof‐covering material.

3.2. Exterior


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I. The inspector shall inspect:

A. the exterior wall‐covering materials; B. the eaves, soffits and fascia; C. a representative number of windows; D. all exterior doors; E. flashing and trim; F. adjacent walkways and driveways; G. stairs, steps, stoops, stairways and ramps; H. porches, patios, decks, balconies and carports; I. railings, guards and handrails; and J. vegetation, surface drainage, retaining walls and grading of the property, where they may adversely affect the structure due to

moisture intrusion.


A. the type of exterior wall‐covering materials.


A. any improper spacing between intermediate balusters, spindles and rails.


A. inspect or operate screens, storm windows, shutters, awnings, fences, outbuildings, or exterior accent lighting. B. inspect items that are not visible or readily accessible from the ground, including window and door flashing. C. inspect or identify geological, geotechnical, hydrological or soil conditions. D. inspect recreational facilities or playground equipment. E. inspect seawalls, breakwalls or docks. F. inspect erosion‐control or earth‐stabilization measures. G. inspect for safety‐type glass. H. inspect underground utilities. I. inspect underground items. J. inspect wells or springs. K. inspect solar, wind or geothermal systems. L. inspect swimming pools or spas. M. inspect wastewater treatment systems, septic systems or cesspools. N. inspect irrigation or sprinkler systems. O. inspect drainfields or dry wells. P. determine the integrity of multiple‐pane window glazing or thermal window seals.

3.3. Basement, Foundation, Crawlspace & Structure


A. the foundation; B. the basement; C. the crawlspace; and D. structural components.



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A. the type of foundation; and B. the location of the access to the under‐floor space.


A. observed indications of wood in contact with or near soil; B. observed indications of active water penetration; C. observed indications of possible foundation movement, such as sheetrock cracks, brick cracks, out‐of‐square door frames, and

unlevel floors; and D. any observed cutting, notching and boring of framing members that may, in the inspector's opinion, present a structural or safety

concern.


A. enter any crawlspace that is not readily accessible, or where entry could cause damage or pose a hazard to him/herself. B. move stored items or debris. C. operate sump pumps with inaccessible floats. D. identify the size, spacing, span or location or determine the adequacy of foundation bolting, bracing, joists, joist spans or support

systems. E. provide any engineering or architectural service. F. report on the adequacy of any structural system or component.

3.4. Heating


A. the heating system, using normal operating controls.


A. the location of the thermostat for the heating system; B. the energy source; and C. the heating method.


A. any heating system that did not operate; and B. if the heating system was deemed inaccessible.


A. inspect, measure, or evaluate the interior of flues or chimneys, fire chambers, heat exchangers, combustion air systems, fresh‐air intakes, makeup air, humidifiers, dehumidifiers, electronic air filters, geothermal systems, or solar heating systems.

B. inspect fuel tanks or underground or concealed fuel supply systems. C. determine the uniformity, temperature, flow, balance, distribution, size, capacity, BTU, or supply adequacy of the heating system. D. light or ignite pilot flames. E. activate heating, heat pump systems, or other heating systems when ambient temperatures or other circumstances are not

conducive to safe operation or may damage the equipment. F. override electronic thermostats. G. evaluate fuel quality. H. verify thermostat calibration, heat anticipation, or automatic setbacks, timers, programs or clocks. I. measure or calculate the air for combustion, ventilation, or dilution of flue gases for appliances.


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3.5. Cooling


A. the cooling system, using normal operating controls.


A. the location of the thermostat for the cooling system; and B. the cooling method.


A. any cooling system that did not operate; and B. if the cooling system was deemed inaccessible.


A. determine the uniformity, temperature, flow, balance, distribution, size, capacity, BTU, or supply adequacy of the cooling system. B. inspect portable window units, through‐wall units, or electronic air filters. C. operate equipment or systems if the exterior temperature is below 65° Fahrenheit, or when other circumstances are not conducive

to safe operation or may damage the equipment. D. inspect or determine thermostat calibration, cooling anticipation, or automatic setbacks or clocks. E. examine electrical current, coolant fluids or gases, or coolant leakage.

3.6. Plumbing


A. the main water supply shut‐off valve; B. the main fuel supply shut‐off valve; C. the water heating equipment, including the energy source, venting connections, temperature/pressure‐relief (TPR) valves, Watts

210 valves, and seismic bracing; D. interior water supply, including all fixtures and faucets, by running the water; E. all toilets for proper operation by flushing; F. all sinks, tubs and showers for functional drainage; G. the drain, waste and vent system; and H. drainage sump pumps with accessible floats.


A. whether the water supply is public or private based upon observed evidence; B. the location of the main water supply shut‐off valve; C. the location of the main fuel supply shut‐off valve; D. the location of any observed fuel‐storage system; and E. the capacity of the water heating equipment, if labeled.


A. deficiencies in the water supply by viewing the functional flow in two fixtures operated simultaneously;


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B. deficiencies in the installation of hot and cold water faucets; C. mechanical drain stops that were missing or did not operate if installed in sinks, lavatories and tubs; and D. toilets that were damaged, had loose connections to the floor, were leaking, or had tank components that did not operate.


A. light or ignite pilot flames. B. measure the capacity, temperature, age, life expectancy or adequacy of the water heater. C. inspect the interior of flues or chimneys, combustion air systems, water softener or filtering systems, well pumps or tanks, safety

or shut‐off valves, floor drains, lawn sprinkler systems, or fire sprinkler systems. D. determine the exact flow rate, volume, pressure, temperature or adequacy of the water supply. E. determine the water quality, potability or reliability of the water supply or source. F. open sealed plumbing access panels. G. inspect clothes washing machines or their connections. H. operate any valve. I. test shower pans, tub and shower surrounds or enclosures for leakage or functional overflow protection. J. evaluate the compliance with conservation, energy or building standards, or the proper design or sizing of any water, waste or

venting components, fixtures or piping. K. determine the effectiveness of anti‐siphon, back‐flow prevention or drain‐stop devices. L. determine whether there are sufficient cleanouts for effective cleaning of drains. M. evaluate fuel storage tanks or supply systems. N. inspect wastewater treatment systems. O. inspect water treatment systems or water filters. P. inspect water storage tanks, pressure pumps, or bladder tanks. Q. evaluate wait time to obtain hot water at fixtures, or perform testing of any kind to water heater elements. R. evaluate or determine the adequacy of combustion air. S. test, operate, open or close: safety controls, manual stop valves, temperature/pressure‐relief valves, control valves, or check valves. T. examine ancillary or auxiliary systems or components, such as, but not limited to, those related to solar water heating and hot water

circulation. U. determine the existence or condition of polybutylene, polyethylene, or similar plastic piping. V. inspect or test for gas or fuel leaks, or indications thereof.

3.7. Electrical


A. the service drop; B. the overhead service conductors and attachment point; C. the service head, gooseneck and drip loops; D. the service mast, service conduit and raceway; E. the electric meter and base; F. service‐entrance conductors; G. the main service disconnect; H. panelboards and over‐current protection devices (circuit breakers and fuses); I. service grounding and bonding; J. a representative number of switches, lighting fixtures and receptacles, including receptacles observed and deemed to be arc‐fault

circuit interrupter (AFCI)‐protected using the AFCI test button, where possible; K. all ground‐fault circuit interrupter receptacles and circuit breakers observed and deemed to be GFCIs using a GFCI tester, where

possible; and L. for the presence of smoke and carbon‐monoxide detectors.


A. the main service disconnect's amperage rating, if labeled; and B. the type of wiring observed.


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A. deficiencies in the integrity of the service‐entrance conductors’ insulation, drip loop, and vertical clearances from grade and roofs; B. any unused circuit‐breaker panel opening that was not filled; C. the presence of solid conductor aluminum branch‐circuit wiring, if readily visible; D. any tested receptacle in which power was not present, polarity was incorrect, the cover was not in place, the GFCI devices were not

properly installed or did not operate properly, evidence of arcing or excessive heat, and where the receptacle was not grounded or was not secured to the wall; and

E. the absence of smoke and/or carbon monoxide detectors.


A. insert any tool, probe or device into the main panelboard, sub‐panels, distribution panelboards, or electrical fixtures. B. operate electrical systems that are shut down. C. remove panelboard cabinet covers or dead fronts. D. operate or re‐set over‐current protection devices or overload devices. E. operate or test smoke or carbon‐monoxide detectors or alarms. F. inspect, operate or test any security, fire or alarm systems or components, or other warning or signaling systems. G. measure or determine the amperage or voltage of the main service equipment, if not visibly labeled. H. inspect ancillary wiring or remote‐control devices. I. activate any electrical systems or branch circuits that are not energized. J. inspect low‐voltage systems, electrical de‐icing tapes, swimming pool wiring, or any time‐controlled devices. K. verify the service ground. L. inspect private or emergency electrical supply sources, including, but not limited to: generators, windmills, photovoltaic solar

collectors, or battery or electrical storage facility. M. inspect spark or lightning arrestors. N. inspect or test de‐icing equipment. O. conduct voltage‐drop calculations. P. determine the accuracy of labeling. Q. inspect exterior lighting.

3.8. Fireplace


A. readily accessible and visible portions of the fireplaces and chimneys; B. lintels above the fireplace openings; C. damper doors by opening and closing them, if readily accessible and manually operable; and D. cleanout doors and frames.


A. the type of fireplace.


A. evidence of joint separation, damage or deterioration of the hearth, hearth extension or chambers; B. manually operated dampers that did not open and close; C. the lack of a smoke detector in the same room as the fireplace; D. the lack of a carbon‐monoxide detector in the same room as the fireplace; and E. cleanouts not made of metal, pre‐cast cement, or other non‐combustible material.


A. inspect the flue or vent system.


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B. inspect the interior of chimneys or flues, fire doors or screens, seals or gaskets, or mantels. C. determine the need for a chimney sweep. D. operate gas fireplace inserts. E. light pilot flames. F. determine the appropriateness of any installation. G. inspect automatic fuel‐fed devices. H. inspect combustion and/or make‐up air devices. I. inspect heat‐distribution assists, whether gravity‐controlled or fan‐assisted. J. ignite or extinguish fires. K. determine the adequacy of drafts or draft characteristics. L. move fireplace inserts, stoves or firebox contents. M. perform a smoke test. N. dismantle or remove any component. O. perform a National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)‐style inspection. P. perform a Phase I fireplace and chimney inspection.

3.9. Attic, Insulation & Ventilation


A. insulation in unfinished spaces, including attics, crawlspaces and foundation areas; B. ventilation of unfinished spaces, including attics, crawlspaces and foundation areas; and C. mechanical exhaust systems in the kitchen, bathrooms and laundry area.


A. the type of insulation observed; and B. the approximate average depth of insulation observed at the unfinished attic floor area or roof structure.


A. the general absence of insulation or ventilation in unfinished spaces.


A. enter the attic or any unfinished spaces that are not readily accessible, or where entry could cause damage or, in the inspector's opinion, pose a safety hazard.

B. move, touch or disturb insulation. C. move, touch or disturb vapor retarders. D. break or otherwise damage the surface finish or weather seal on or around access panels or covers. E. identify the composition or R‐value of insulation material. F. activate thermostatically operated fans. G. determine the types of materials used in insulation or wrapping of pipes, ducts, jackets, boilers or wiring. H. determine the adequacy of ventilation.

3.10. Doors, Windows & Interior


A. a representative number of doors and windows by opening and closing them; B. floors, walls and ceilings;


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C. stairs, steps, landings, stairways and ramps; D. railings, guards and handrails; and E. garage vehicle doors and the operation of garage vehicle door openers, using normal operating controls.


A. a garage vehicle door as manually‐operated or installed with a garage door opener.


A. improper spacing between intermediate balusters, spindles and rails for steps, stairways, guards and railings; B. photo‐electric safety sensors that did not operate properly; and C. any window that was obviously fogged or displayed other evidence of broken seals.


A. inspect paint, wallpaper, window treatments or finish treatments. B. inspect floor coverings or carpeting. C. inspect central vacuum systems. D. inspect for safety glazing. E. inspect security systems or components. F. evaluate the fastening of islands, countertops, cabinets, sink tops or fixtures. G. move furniture, stored items, or any coverings, such as carpets or rugs, in order to inspect the concealed floor structure. H. move suspended‐ceiling tiles. I. inspect or move any household appliances. J. inspect or operate equipment housed in the garage, except as otherwise noted. K. verify or certify the proper operation of any pressure‐activated auto‐reverse or related safety feature of a garage door. L. operate or evaluate any security bar release and opening mechanisms, whether interior or exterior, including their compliance with

local, state or federal standards. M. operate any system, appliance or component that requires the use of special keys, codes, combinations or devices. N. operate or evaluate self‐cleaning oven cycles, tilt guards/latches, or signal lights. O. inspect microwave ovens or test leakage from microwave ovens. P. operate or examine any sauna, steam‐generating equipment, kiln, toaster, ice maker, coffee maker, can opener, bread warmer,

blender, instant hot‐water dispenser, or other small, ancillary appliances or devices. Q. inspect elevators. R. inspect remote controls. S. inspect appliances. T. inspect items not permanently installed. U. discover firewall compromises. V. inspect pools, spas or fountains. W. determine the adequacy of whirlpool or spa jets, water force, or bubble effects.

X. determine the structural integrity or leakage of pools or spas.

4. Glossary of Terms

accessible: In the opinion of the inspector, can be approached or entered safely, without difficulty, fear or danger.

activate: To turn on, supply power, or enable systems, equipment or devices to become active by normal operating controls. Examples include turning on the gas or water supply valves to the fixtures and appliances, and activating electrical breakers or fuses.

adversely affect: To constitute, or potentially constitute, a negative or destructive impact.

alarm system: Warning devices, installed or freestanding, including, but not limited to: carbon‐monoxide detectors, flue gas and other spillage detectors, security equipment, ejector pumps, and smoke alarms.

appliance: A household device operated by the use of electricity or gas. Not included in this definition are components covered under central heating, central cooling or plumbing.


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architectural service: Any practice involving the art and science of building design for construction of any structure or grouping of structures, and the use of space within and surrounding the structures or the design, design development, preparation of construction contract documents, and administration of the construction contract.

component: A permanently installed or attached fixture, element or part of a system.

condition: The visible and conspicuous state of being of an object.

correction: Something that is substituted or proposed for what is incorrect, deficient, unsafe, or a defect.

cosmetic defect: An irregularity or imperfection in something, which could be corrected, but is not required.

crawlspace: The area within the confines of the foundation and between the ground and the underside of the lowest floor's structural component.

decorative: Ornamental; not required for the operation of essential systems or components of a home.

describe: To report in writing a system or component by its type or other observed characteristics in order to distinguish it from other components used for the same purpose.

determine: To arrive at an opinion or conclusion pursuant to examination.

dismantle: To open, take apart or remove any component, device or piece that would not typically be opened, taken apart or removed by an ordinary occupant.

engineering service: Any professional service or creative work requiring engineering education, training and experience, and the application of special knowledge of the mathematical, physical and engineering sciences to such professional service or creative work as consultation, investigation, evaluation, planning, design and supervision of construction for the purpose of assuring compliance with the specifications and design, in conjunction with structures, buildings, machines, equipment, works and/or processes.

enter: To go into an area to observe visible components.

evaluate: To assess the systems, structures and/or components of a property.

evidence: That which tends to prove or disprove something; something that makes plain or clear; grounds for belief; proof.

examine: To visually look (see inspect).

foundation: The base upon which the structure or wall rests, usually masonry, concrete or stone, and generally partially underground.

function: The action for which an item, component or system is specially fitted or used, or for which an item, component or system exists; to be in action or perform a task.

functional: Performing, or able to perform, a function.

functional defect: A lack of or an abnormality in something that is necessary for normal and proper functioning and operation, and, therefore, requires further evaluation and correction.

general home inspection: The process by which an inspector visually examines the readily accessible systems and components of a home and operates those systems and components utilizing this Standards of Practice as a guideline.

home inspection: See general home inspection.

household appliances: Kitchen and laundry appliances, room air conditioners, and similar appliances.

identify: To notice and report.

indication: That which serves to point out, show, or make known the present existence of something under certain conditions.

inspect: To examine readily accessible systems and components safely, using normal operating controls, and accessing readily accessible areas, in accordance with this Standards of Practice.

inspected property: The readily accessible areas of the buildings, site, items, components and systems included in the inspection.

inspection report: A written communication (possibly including images) of any material defects observed during the inspection.

inspector: One who performs a real estate inspection.

installed: Attached or connected such that the installed item requires a tool for removal.

material defect: A specific issue with a system or component of a residential property that may have a significant, adverse impact on the value of the property, or that poses an unreasonable risk to people. The fact that a system or component is near, at, or beyond the end of its normal, useful life is not, in itself, a material defect.

normal operating controls: Describes the method by which certain devices (such as thermostats) can be operated by ordinary occupants, as they require no specialized skill or knowledge.

observe: To visually notice.

operate: To cause systems to function or turn on with normal operating controls.

readily accessible: A system or component that, in the judgment of the inspector, is capable of being safely observed without the removal of obstacles, detachment or disengagement of connecting or securing devices, or other unsafe or difficult procedures to gain access.


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recreational facilities: Spas, saunas, steam baths, swimming pools, tennis courts, playground equipment, and other exercise, entertainment and athletic facilities.

report (verb form): To express, communicate or provide information in writing; give a written account of. (See also inspection report.)

representative number: A number sufficient to serve as a typical or characteristic example of the item(s) inspected.

residential property: Four or fewer residential units.

residential unit: A home; a single unit providing complete and independent living facilities for one or more persons, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation.

safety glazing: Tempered glass, laminated glass, or rigid plastic.

shut down: Turned off, unplugged, inactive, not in service, not operational, etc.

structural component: A component that supports non‐variable forces or weights (dead loads) and variable forces or weights (live loads).

system: An assembly of various components which function as a whole.

technically exhaustive: A comprehensive and detailed examination beyond the scope of a real estate home inspection that would involve or include, but would not be limited to: dismantling, specialized knowledge or training, special equipment, measurements, calculations, testing, research, analysis, or other means.

unsafe: In the inspector's opinion, a condition of an area, system, component or procedure that is judged to be a significant risk of injury during normal, day‐to‐day use. The risk may be due to damage, deterioration, improper installation, or a change in accepted residential construction standards.

verify: To confirm or substantiate.

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