A Sambahsa Phrasebook

(Special thanks to S.Rice: http://ansric.blogspot.com/ )

This work has been conceived in order to provide you with a fair number of Sambahsa phrases for basic communication abroad. It does not contain grammatical explanations, which are already available in English at http://sambahsa.pbworks.com/ (See: “Sambahsa Grammar in English”). The pronunciation will not be indicated either, except in a few cases where the Sambahsa Phonetic Transcription will be used.

However, two important points have to be remembered before going further.

1° To address someone, Sambahsa distinguishes in the second person singular between the informal pronoun “tu” (te, tib, tien; present ending: -s; past ending: -(i)st(a) ) and the courtesy pronoun “yu” (vos, vos, vies [voster]; present ending : -t(e); past ending: -at) which is the pronoun for the second person plural too. In general, “tu” is only used with young children, and close friends and relatives. As you are more likely to meet abroad persons you did not know previously, most phrases of this handbook will use “yu”. Nevertheless, be aware that this usage varies from country to country.

2° Though it is a very naturalistic auxiliary language, Sambahsa is neutral. Therefore, speakers will often tend to render directly into Sambahsa the wording that exists in their native language. For example, one may translate “There are five rooms in the hotel” as

(Ter) sont penkwe kamers in id hotel.

But a speaker of Hindi or Urdu will probably prefer In hotel penkwe kamers sont

(Hindi/Urdu): Hotal mê pâc kamre haî

Likewise, “Can you translate for me” corresponds toMaghte yu tarjmes pro me?

But a speaker of Arabic may use a calque from his/her own language: Mumkin an tu tarjems

(In Arabic): Mumkin tutarjimu lî ?

Yes ! Ya (after a negative question: si )No ! No !

Thank you ! Dank ! Mersie [mërsI:]Please Plais [pläs]

How are you? Kam leitte yu ?Fine Leito

Good bye Do reviden / Khuda hafiz / Chao I don’t know Ne gnohm [në nyôm]

Cheerio! Prosit !

1

Don’t mention it. Obligat Excuse me! Excuset me ! [ekskÜzd me]

Sorry! Maaf !What a pity! Sayang !

Pardon! Pardon !OK OK(ey) / Tamam

Have a good meal! Sell appetite ! Pleased to meet you. marba

Words found in nearly every sentence

maybe, perhaps maghsesand edor au

with (accompanied by) conwithout aun

The most important questions

Is/are there a(n)… ? Est/sont (ter) un… ?Do you have …? Habte yu… ?Where is/are… ? Quer [ker] est/sont …. ?Where can I… ? Quer magho io…. ?How much is it ? Qua cost idd ?

Can you help me? Maghte yu hehlpe me ? Is there a bus to… ? Est un bus kye… ?What’s your name? Quod est vies nam ? How old are you? Kam yarat ste yu ?

Where do you come from? Quetos yu ? What time? Ye quod saat ? What’s that? Quod est tod ?

Directions

to the right dextroto the left levtro

straight on seidoutside exoinside enihere herthere ter

traffic light boikforward perodh

backwards retronear / far Prokwe(m) / dalg (ud)

2

Time

yesterday ghestoday hoyd

tomorrow craslast (in time) akhire

morning aghyern [Agyërn]afternoon posmiddienevening vesper

every day cadadienearly / late aus / sert

on time barwakt; barsaatnow nun

soon (adverb) moxnever naiw(o)often ops

always semperimmediately fauran

Do you understand?

I don’t speak much Sambahsa. Ne bahm maung SambahsaI don’t understand. Io ne prete

Do you know someone who speaks English / French / Spanish / Arabic /

Russian?

Gnohte yu [nyôt_yu] semanghen [sëmAngën] quel [kel] baht Englisch /

Franceois [frantsëOys] / Espaniol / Arab / Rusk ?

How do you say that in Sambahsa? Kam saycte yu tod in Sambahsa ? What does it mean? Quod maynt tod ?

How do you pronounce this word? Kam pronuncet [pronUntsët] yu tod werd ?

Can you repeat? Maghte yu repetihes ? [rëpëtÎs]Could you write it down? Maghte yu scribe id ?

Can you speak more slowly? Maghte yu bahe lenter ? I haven’t understood everything. Ne ho prete(t/n) hol

Important adjectives

Nice - ugly Jamile - biaurExpensive - cheap Dorgv - ieftin

Long - short Long - cortOpen - closed Ghyan(t/en) – clus/cluden [klÜdën]

Rich - poor Riche - ormHot - cold Chald - srig

Clean - dirty Kiest - murdar

3

(physically) strong - weak Nert - slab(figuratively) strong - weak Akster - muzlim

High - low Hog - ghemDry - wet Siuk - madh

Fast - slow Oku - lentPrevious - new Prev - nov

Old - young Veut - yunA lot – a little Meg - lytMany - few Maung - pau

Free - engaged Leur - maschkhoulEasy - difficult Facil - difficil

Hard - soft Kaurd - mliakStupid - clever Stupid - cleverDark - bright Deusk – bert Neat - nasty Latif - peigher

Important verbs

(s) indicates where the use of the sigmatic aorist is, de facto, compulsory. – indicates when the past endings are compulsory.

English Verbal stem infinitive Past stem Past participlesbe es ses (irregular) est/esen

become bih bihe bih(s)- biht/bihnbegin inkap inkape inkiep Inkapt/inkapenblow blah blahe blah(s)- blaht/blahnbreak brehg brehge

[bre :dj]brohg brohct/brohgen

[brO :djën]build (con)strug (con)struge

[(kon)strÜdj](con)strux- (con)struct/(con)strugen

buy kaup kaupe kieup kaupt/kaupencatch kap kape kiep kapt/kapencome gwehm gwehme gwohm gwohmt/gwohmencut seg sege [sedj] seg- sect/segendo kwehr kwehre kwohr kwohrt/kwohrn

drink poh poh poh(s)- poht/pohndrive wehgh wehghe wohgh wohght/wohgheneat edd edd ess ess/eddenfall fall falle fiell fallt/fallenfeel kheiss khisses khiss khisst/khissenfind trehv trehve trohv trohft/trohvenfly pleuk plukes [plüks] pluk pluct/pluken

forget myehrs myehrse myohrs myohrst/myohrsenGet, obtain dak dake diek dact/daken

give dah dahe dah(s)- daht/dahngo gwah gwahe gwah(s)- gwaht/gwahn

have hab habe hieb habt/habenhit heih hihes [hi :s] hih hiht/hihn

4

know gnoh gnohe gnoh(s)- gnoht/gnohnleave linekw linkwes likw likwt/likwnlose leus luses [lÜzës] lus lust/lusen

make makh makhe miekh makht/makhenmeet ghat ghate ghiet ghat/ghatenput deh dehe deh(s)- deht/dehn

read leis lises [lIzës] lis list/lisenrun curr curre curs curs/currensay sayg sayge [saydj] sieyg sayct/saygensee vid vide vis vis/vidensell pehrn pehrne pohrn pohrnt/pohrnen

send yeis yises [yIzës] yis yist/yisenshut clud clude [klüd] clus clus/cludensit sedd sedde sess sess/sedden

sleep swehp swehpe swohp swohpt/swohpenspeak bah bahe bah(s)- baht/bahnstand stah stah stah(s)- staht/stahnsteal klehpt klehpte klohpt klohpt/klohptenswim snah snahe snah(s)- snaht/snahn

(physically) take

ghend ghende ghens ghens/ghenden

(figuratively) take

em eme em(s)- emt/emen

think mehn mehne mohn Mohnt/mohnenunderstand prete prete pret(e)- pretet/preten

write scrib scribe scrips- script/scriben

Some « modal » verbs

English Verbal stem infinitive Past stem Past participlesbe able to ghehd ghehde ghohd ghohdt/ghohden

have the right to

poitt poitte poiss poiss/poitten

can (in general)

magh maghe miegh maght/maghen

must dehlg dehlge [de:ldj] dohlg dohlct/dohlgenhave to, need tehrb tehrbe tohrb tohrpt/tohrbenintend to, want eiskw Iskwes

[Iskwës]iskw iskwt/iskwn

To want vol vole vol- volt/volenCannot, not to

be able tokhak khake khiek khact/khaken

need, require naudh naudhe nieudh naudht/naudhen

Some important conjunctions

5

because obbut bet (“sontern” when it comes after “ne”)

if (conditional) seiif, whether an, kweteralthough quayque [kwAykë]therefore itak

that (ex: “I know that”) odnot ne

neither… nor neter… ni

Introducing people

This is my…. En mien….husband mann

wife gvibh, esordaughter dugter

son sonbrother bratersister swes(ter)

boyfriend kerdprientgirlfriend kerdprientin

friend prientwidow vidva

widower vidvo(s)

Acquaintance

(to a man) Are you married? Ste yu snupt/snuben ?(to a woman) Are you married? Ste yu wohdt/wohden ?

Have you got children? Habte yu purts ? How long have you been here? Pon quayt wakt gwivneute yu her ?

What’s your job? Quod est vies kasseb ?

To what one can answer

I’m a(n)… Som…clerk katibjoiner stolar

housewife jufuteacher daskal

Opinions

6

I absolutely (dis)agree Mutlak (ne) samstehmoI don’t feel like having a walk Ne wehno gredde

This is interesting/boring/strange To est interessant/plictic/stragn [strany]Are you sure? Ste yu yakin ?

I can’t believe it Khako credihes [krëdI:s] to

Love

love (n.) liubhlove / I love you Lieubh- / Te lieubho

In love Enliubh(t/en)caress (v.) caresse

kiss (v.) kussenkiss kuss

intercourse jimafuck (v.) yehbh

contraceptive contraceptivepill pilule

condom condommenstruation menstruation

tampon tamponpregnancy setuspregnant hamil

venereal disease Veneri siugepenis penisvagina wagincouple couple

beautiful bell

Asking one’s way

Could you tell me the way… Maghte yu sayge mi id itner…To the station Kyid station

To the travel agency Kyid saferagenceTo the hotel Kyid hotel

To the airport Kyid airportTo the pharmacy Kyid pharmacia/apotheque [apo§Ek]

To the market Kyid mercat

Airport

7

I’d like to book a (return) flight to London Eiskwo buke [bük] un (reik)pleuk kye London

Is there a stopover in Paris? Bendert id in Paris ? I have to cancel my flight to… Dehlgo batalihes [batalI:s] mien pleuk

kye…departure asimat

arrival arrivengate dworcrew nieute

airport airportcounter contor

passenger passager

On ship

anchor ankerdisembark disnauk, disbark, exsteigh

boat bootship nav

steamer vapor, steumnav, steumbootferry ferrydeck deck

harbour Red, limanport port

yacht yakhtcoast caust

lighthouse pharvoyage voyage

life-jacket salvtatsvestcross tehr

Train or bus

A ticket to Amsterdam, please. Un tiquet kye Amsterdam, plais. How much is a ticket to… Qua cost un tiquet kye…

When is there a bus/train to… Quando start un bus/train [trän] kye…Where do I have to change ? Quer dehlgo io mutawehghe ? What platform does the train to… leave

from ?Ud quod perron start id train kye…. ?

terminal terminaldriver wehgher

Couchette car Couchetten wagonsleeping car swehpwagoncompartment Coupee (coupé)

fare porm

8

conductor (tickets) controleurticket Tiquet [tIkët]

station hall voxhallplatform perron

Cars

Where’s the nearest petrol-station? Quer est id meist prokwem service-station ?

Full, please !/Fill ’er up! Plais partancte !Normal grade petrol for ten dollars,

please !Normal bensin po dec dollars, plais !

Can you check the oil/battery/tyre pressure?

Maghte yu chehxe id ol/batterie/pneu pressem ?

I’ve had a breakdown Ho haben un panne !Can you take my car in tow? Maghte yu bugsaire mien auto ?

I’ve had an accident. Please call the police!

Ho haben un accident. Plais kalte id police !

There’s something wrong with the indicator

Id blinker est defect.

The battery is out of order Id batterie neti functiontCould you repair the brake-lights? Maghiete yu repare ia braikluces ?

traffic-light boikmotorway autostrad

brake braikgear ghir

clutch couplensteering wheel styr

engine motorheadlight (auto)phar

jack domkrakhttool alat

windscreen windschibcar park, parking lot parking

parking meter parkwaktmeiderdriving licence wehghlicence

road sign deikdiesel fuel Diesel (fiull)

super petrol Super naftregular petrol bensin

hitch-hike autostopPlease, drop me over there Plais, skladte me tetro

Accomodation

9

Hello, I’d like a single room/double room for two nights

Sellamat, eiskwo un kamer pro oin/dwo anghen(s) unte dwo nocts

Is breakfast included? Es’ snidan inclus ? lift/elevator liftbathroom balnyakyal

bed Lict/crovatblanket blanquetsheet charsaf

shower duschtowel (for hands/for bath) Handtuk/katife

heating warmenstove (for cooking) herd

pillow wangherlamp lampe

mattress matrasssleeping-bag swehpsack

key cleichmirror Specule [spEkül]

socket (electrical) Srovcutia, srovosfloor (level), story etage

electricity electricitatyouth hostel Yuwent herbehrg

accomodation fundwk

Camping

Have you got a place for a small tent/caravan (camper)?

Habte yu un place pro un smulk delt/caravan ?

campsite waungordoswash-basin lowterwater-tap chesmacampfire koistertent-rope tanab

recreational vehicle waunwogh

At the restaurant

Can we have the menu, please? Vidskwmos id menue, plais ! [vIdskumos id mënÜ: , pläs]

We would like to order Eiskwmos hangjoweCan we have the bill, please? Eiskwmos id rechwng [rEtcung], plais.

supper souperaperitif aperitifashtray aschbakcutlery bestehgbread dvan

10

diet dieteice-cream swadglehdj

vinegar acetefish pisk

meat miemsbreakfast snidan

fork ghabelto fry freih

poultry plukelvegetable opst

drink (in general) scharabdrink (alcohol) drehnk

spice spissglass glasdinner diner

chicken kierkcoffee coffiecheese caise

cook cokwcake gateaulunch obedd

dessert dessertfruit fruitoil ol

pepper piperveal viceljuice jucesalt saldpork pork

vegetarian vegetarianstarter entreegame wedirnrice ris

Police

I was attacked Anghen me hat attaquetPlease call the police/a lawyer! Plais kalte id police/un advocat !

Please inform the European embassy!  Plais informet id Europay ambassade !My camera was stolen Mien photoapparat est klohpt

I lost my… Ho lust mien…wallet portmonaiepurse jusdan

suitcase valisepassport passport

I’m innocent Som innocentthief fur

prison prison

11

money denars (plural)hand-bag handsackmurder maurdh

murderer maurdherpoliceman policiste

drug droghaccident accidentwitness weitwodd

police-station Police-stationrape ghionkawn

Lost Property Office trohvbureauform (document) formulire

lodge a complaint mahel

Customs

Have you got Anything to declare?

Habte yu semject ad declare ?

You have to pay duty! Yu dehlcte payghe toll !customs duan

customs office kumrukgoods maals

Bank and money

Where can I change money? Quer ghehdo io change denars ? I’d like to change one hundred euros Eiskwo change cent euros

What’s the rate of exchange US dollars/Euros?

Quod est id change ratio US dollars – Euros ?

I want to cash in this cheque Volo encasse tod chequebank bank

black market Sword mercatcash (money) gienxin (denars)

amount mikdarbanknote banknotecash point cassa

coin piengcounter contorcheque chequesign (v.) signe

signature signaturecurrency rawajagency agencepay (v.) paygh

exchange (v.) exchange

12

Post

Stamps for five air-mail letters to India Stamps pro penk airpost brevs do HindI want to send a telegram/a letter to

ChinaVolo yises un telegramme/un brev do

Chinaaddress adresse

letter/message Brev/messageletter-box postdiek

stamp Postmark, stamppostman postalionenvelope vulbhpost-office postamtpost card postcartecounter contore-mail blixbrev

computer Computer [kompÜtër]

Phone

telephone booth Phone-kuschkdial schakel

lift (the receiver) oisghend hang up (the receiver) enhang

number adadhring (v.) swehn

receiver (of phone) aurer

Illness

I’m ill Som sieugI have to see a doctor Tehrbo vide un liek

My head/stomach hurts Mien kap/stomak gvoltI’m allergic to penicillin Som allergic dia penicillin

My skin is itching Mien cuit paymtarm brakheye okleg jamb

appendix appendixbreast xiongbufinger fingherfoot pedface ligeneck collheart kerdbone osthead kapmouth stohm

13

nose nasback regv

shoulder omshand handtoe doikear aur

chemist’s shop, pharmacy Pharmacia, apothequedoctor Like, medic

breathe anemtreatment Ilaj

blood sehrgfracture fracture

diarrhoea Diarrhea, issehalvomit (v.) vomeih

cold kholthospital hospital

illness/disease Siuge [siüdj]x-raying rontgen

pain gvolointment meklemmnausea nausea

examination endersokdentist dentisteasthma Asthma [Astma]leprosy leper

Shopping

Hello, do you sell postcards? Sellamat, pehrnte yu postcartes ? I want to buy a shirt please! Kaupskwo un camiss, plais !

This is too expensive Tod est pior dorgvHow long will it take to repare my

glasses ? Quayt wakt est tohrben kay repare mien

bril ? Have you got the swimsuit in a smaller

size? Habte yu id yukwi in smulker mege ?

baker pehkwerbargain/haggle wesneih

boutique butiquetrader saudagherkiosk kushk

grocer backalbutcher kassab

optician opticiandry-cleaner sabbarh

travel agency Safer agencestationer stationarshoemaker schoutor

souvenir souvenire

14

supermarket supermercattry on probire

Jewelry

watch (runc)saatbracelet brakhlettdiamond diamant

gold goldnecklace Collband, xiaunliangearring aurring

ring ringsilver Argwrnt [Argurnt]ivory ivor

ebony ebon

Swimming equipment

swimsuit yukwibikini bikini

bellows balghair mattress Air matrass

rubber dinghy gumminauksunhat solhatbuoy boya

Clothes

blouse blousebelt yeusmen

trousers pantalonjacket Jaquet [jAkët]dress povesticoat mantel

pullover pulloverraincoat seuymantel

skirt Rogv (full body); fustanscarf scharf

umbrella saanshoe schou

sandal sandal

Stationery

15

pencil molivepaper papierpen kalem

biro/ballpoint kulgkalemnewspaper journal

An English Sambahsa Lexicon

16

A

abortion : abortionabout : (prep): de ; (adv): circaabsent : absentaccelerate : accelereaccident : accidentaccomodation : fundwkaccompany : hamrahaccount : cont(o)accusation : accusationacquaintance : sabikaactor : actoractress : actriceaddress : adresseaddressee : adresseitadmission : admissionadvantage : vantageaffair : affaireafford : teulAfrica : Africa [Afrika]African : africanafternoon : posmiddienagree : samstehmairport : airportall : quantallergic : allergicalone : (adj) monalthough : quayqueamber : (yellow): ginter; (grey): amberambulance : ambulanceAmerica: America [amErika]American : americanamong : baynaamount : mikdaranchor : ankerand : edangry : iratanimal : animalankle : glesenannoy : balahenanorak : anorakappendix : appendixapple : appelappropriate (adj) : ciautaungApril : aprileArab(ic): arabarea : zonearm : brakh

17

arrival : arrivenarrogance : arroganceashtray : ashbakAsia : AsiaAsian : asianask : sprehgat last : badat once : fauranAtlantic : Atlanticattack : attaqueattention : attentionautumn : osyernavaricious : bakhilavoid : vergeih

B

back : (noun) : regv ; (adv) : tsaybacon : schpeckbad : (unsuccessful): khak; (valueless): (s)mal; (evil): khiterbag : sackbake : bauk, pehkwbaker : pehkwerbalcony : balconbank : (money): bank; (shore): ouper(wash)basin : lowterbasket : kistbathroom : balnyakyalbattery : batterie; (removable): dienchibe missing : ses missendbeach : plajbean : fassolbeautiful : bellbecome : bihbedside table : nocttablebeer : bir(a)beggar : taskarbehave : suloukbell : clockbellows : balghbelt : yeusmenbig : mierbill (restaurant) : rechwngbinoculars : durbin (sing.)bird : avbiro : kulgkalembirth : gnahsabirthday : gnahdienbitter : bitterblack : sword

18

bladder : wenstiblazing : spleindendblood : sehrg; (gore): cruorblouse : blouseblow : (v.): blahboast : (v.): gvrendueboat : bootboil : (v.): yehsbone : ostbook : bukbook : (v.): buk, reservebookshop : librarieborder : granceboring : plicticborrow : launboy : pwarnbrain : kresbrake : braikBrazil : Brasilu; Brazilian : brasileirbread : dvanbreak : (v.): brehgbreakdown (car): pannebreakfast : snidanbreast : xiongbubreathe : anembronchitis : bronchitisbrother : brater(electric) bulb : ampullbus : (auto)busbusy : besicbutcher: kassabbutter : butterbuy : kaup

C

cabbage : kaupustcabin (ship) : kayutcalm/quiet : sakwncamera : photoapparatcampsite : waungordoscan : maghcapital (city): nagorcar : auto, carr, woghcar mechanic : auto mecanistecar park : parkingcaravan : caravancardigan : cardigancareful : kauriccaress : (v.): caresse

19

carpet : tapit, kelimcarrot : morkcash (money): gienxincastle (residence) : chateaucat : catcatch a cold : bihabe un kholtCatholic : catholiccauliflower : cunupidecave : balm(a)century : seculechair : stol, stulchange : (v.): changecharge : (v.): chargecheap : ieftinto check : chehxcheese : caisecherry : keraischess : schakhchicken : kierkchild : (youth): magh; (descendant): purtchilly : glehdjicchina (noun): giki; (product): tauxi; (country): Chinachinese : chinesechips, French fries : (pommes) friteschives : arpagicchocolate : chocolatchoice : cheuschop : cotlettChristian : christianChristmas : Natal; (heathen): Kwelcigar : cigarcigarette : cigarettecity center : urbcentreclear : clarclergyman : prysterclimate : climatcloakroom : gardrobeclock : horlogecloudy : dengucoast : caustcoffee : cofiecoin : piengcold (adj): srigcollar-bone : konemcolour : colorcome : gwehmcomfortable : comfortablecompassion : compassionconductor (control) : controleurconstant : constant

20

consulate : consulatconsume : consummecontact lenses : contact linsescontraceptive : contraceptivecontradict : contradiccontribute : contribueconversation : conversationcook : cokw cool : khuldcork screw : corcscruvcorruption : corruptioncotton : cotoncount : (v.): conte, lehgcounter : contorcountry : landcranberry : juravincream (edible) : smantancrossing : tehrencrossroads : viacrucecry : (v.): plangcucumber : gurkcurrency : rawajcustody : custodiacustoms (boundary): duancutlery : bestehg

D

daily : cadadiendance : (v.): dansdanger of death : mortal dangerdark : deuskdate of birth : gnahtarikhedate (fruit): khurma; (time): tarikhedaughter : dugterday : dienday after tomorrow : poscrasday before yesterday : preghesDecember : decemberdeclare : declaredentist : dentistedenture : dentiadeny : negedeparture : asimatdesperate : aunspeh, desperatdessert : dessertdestination : destinationdetermination : determinationdiabetic : diabetic

21

dial : (v.): schakeldiarrhoea : diarrhea, issehaldie : mehrdig : ([oi]s)kav, grabh, fodddigest (book): kitabdigest : digestdiminish : meincdirection : directiondesinfectant : desinfectantdistrict : districtdisturb : (oi)steurbdive : (v.): mergdiving equipment : mergschowbeydivorce : (v.): divorcedoctor (physician) : liek, medicdoor handle : klinkdoor-lock : scluddrain : draindrink : scharab; (alcohol): scharabdriving-licence : wehgh-licencedrugs : droghsdry : (adj.): siuk; (v.): teursduck : aendduration : durenduty (tax) : toll

E

earthquake : gischieneast : eusteat : eddegg : oiveither... or : auter... auelbow : olanelectricity : electricitatelevator/lift : liftembassy : ambassadeemperor : cesar, imperatorengaged : maschkhoulengine : motorEnglish : englischenough : kafi, sateternal : abadic; eternity : abadEurope : EuropeEuropean : europay; European Union : Europay Union (EU)even : hattaevening : vesperexcavation : excavationexcellent : excellent

22

exchange : (v.): exchangeexcursion : excursionexit : exit, udghang, salgenexpensive : dorgvexpress train : express train

F

face : ligefaint : bayaldissenfall : (v.): fallfamily : familiafat : piwonfather : paterfeasible : mumkinFebruary : februarfee : demosiafemale : sterferry : ferryfig : smaukfilm : filmfinger : fingherfirst : prestfirst name : prenamfishing licence : peisklicenceflat : plattflight : (in the air) pleuk; (escape): fugfloor : (level in a building): etage; (ground): plorflower : florflu : (in)flu(enza), grippefly : (v.): pleukfollow : sehkwfood : pieut (pitu)foot : pedforeign : gospoti; foreign countries : kharijforest : forest, sylve, laysfork : ghabelform : (document): formulire; (shape): forme, skeipfountain : fontanfracture : fracturefree : leur; (cost-free): gratisfreedom : lureFrench : franceoisFriday : jumafriend : prient(in)fruit : fruitfull : plen

23

G

garden : gardengarlic : keremgate : dworgear : (automobile): ghirget : dak, preimget accustomed to : biswehd + accusativeget excited : se isnahgirl : pieg, bint, kweilgive : dahgland : ghelghglasses : bril glossy : bleiguglue : gluego : gwah + accusative; eihgo for a walk : greddgo shopping : ambhkaupgo/to drive : wehghgood : (successful): gohd; (convenient): dohbro; (contra-evil): sellgoods : maalsgovernment : gouvernementgrandfather : grandpatergrandmother : grandmatergrapes : vinbergreasy : piwergreen : glendgrey : greisgrill : (v.): grillegrocer : backalgrown-up : adult, balirhguide : guideguilt : skeulos, jarim

H

habit : adethail : grandwnhair : kayshair brush : kaysbeursthair-dresser : barberhalf : (adj; adv.) pwol; (noun): dwodelham : schynkahand : handhandbag : handsackhanger : hangherhappen : wakyeharbour : red, limanhard : kaurd

24

hatred : haineshead : kapheart : kerdheat : gvrenshelpful : mukhsenherbs : herbs, andsahere : herhigh tide : flutthistory : storia; (science): historiaholidays : feriashomeland : vatanhoney : mielthonk : (v.): klaxonhorse : ekwhospital : hospitalhot : chaldhotel : hotelhour : (duration): hor; (time): saathourly: horlonghouse : domhousewife : jufuhow : (manner): kam; (means): quosmedhowever : lakinhungry : hungrichusband : mann

I

I : ego, ioidentity card : identitatscarteif : sei; (whether): an, kweterilluminate : illumineimpatience : impatienceimprove : kayjinin love : enliubh(-t/-en)in my opinion : ye mieno maynin time : barwakt; barsaatincluded : inclus/includenindependent : independentIndia : HindIndian: (of India): hindi; (native american): indianindicator : blinkerindifferent : indifferentindispensable : lasim, indispensableIndonesia : IndonesiaIndonesian : indonesianinflammation : inflammationinformation desk : informationsloquetinjection : injection

25

injustice : injusticeinnocent : innocentinsomnia : aunswehpia, insomniainsult : (v.): hakareinsured : sicure(-t/-n)intentionnally : makhsusintercourse : sexual act, jimainvestigation : investigation, sokIslam : islamisland : insuleitch : (v.): paym

J

jacket : jaquetJanuary : januarJapan : JapanJapanese : japanesejaw : ghyanuJew(ish): iudijeweller : joyelarjewellery (gems) : javahirjourney/trip : saferjuice : juceJuly : julJune : jun

K

key : cleichkidney : nugverkilometer : kilometerking : roykingdom : roydem, rigkiss : (v.): kussenkiss : kussknee : genu

L

lady : potnia, damelake : lak (lac)lamb : agnolarynx : larynxlast : senst; (in time): akhirelawyer : advocatlaxative : laxativelead : (v.): duc

26

leaf : waraklean : maigherleave : (v.): linekwleft (direction) : lev(ter)leg : jamblemon : citronletter : (message): brev; (sign): buksteivlettuce : maroullife : gwitlift : liftlifting jack : domkrakhtlight (noun): luce; (adj.): legvlike : (v.): kamliniment : linimentlip : liplittle : lytillive : (v.): gwivliver : lyekwrntlobster : astakloin : lendvlong : longlorry/truck : onwoghlounge : salonlove : liubhlove : (v.): lieubhlow tide : aykwluggage : gapacklunch : obedd

M

maiden name : potnikas nammake : makhmale : nerman: (male): wir; (human): menscmap : mapmap of the town: urbmap, urbplanmatch (fire): kibritmatress : matrassmai : maimeat : miemsmechanic (adj): mecanic; (noun): mecanistemedicine (product): pharmacmenstruation : menstruationmerchant : tajirmidwife : acuscherinmild : mildmilk : melgminced meat : kima

27

mineral water : (mineral) aquaminute : minutemirror : speculemisery : miseremix : (v.): mixmoist/damp: nask, (ground): loimmoment : momentMonday : mundiemonth : muntmood : dumosmore : meismorning : aghyernmosque : masjidmother : matermotorway : autostradmountain : ghyor(a)mudguard : mudhguardemurder : maurdhmurderer : maurdhermuseum : museiummushroom : baungMuslim : muslimmussel : sedef

N

name : namnapkin : servietnarrow : anghnausea : nauseanearest : prokwemstnecessary : necessarneither... nor : neter... ninervous : nerveusnew : novnews : novs; (sing.): khabarnewspaper : journalnext : niebstnight : noctno : nonoth : nordnot : ne; not... yet : ne... badnothing : neid, nischt(o)now : nunnumber plate : platskanumber (n°) : adadhnurse : sanitarinnut : nuce

28

Oocean : oceanOctober : octoberoil : olointment : meklemmold : veutold-fashioned : oismodeon foot : ped-yeon top : top-yeopen : (v.): ghyanopinion : opinion, maynoptician : opticianor : auorange : orangeorder (a good): hangjowour : nies, nosterout : ex(o)overtake (move) : udgwahown : wi

P

Pacific : Pacificpacked lunch : bentoopain : gvolpalace : palatpaprika : paprikaparalysis : paralysisparcel : packettpark : (v.): parkparking disc : parking diskparkmeter : parkwaktmeiderparsley : petrosellpassenger : passagerpastry (cake): boreckpatient : patientpavement (sidewalk): trotuarpay : (v.): payghpeach : persicpeanut : kalchangpear : pirpedestrian : pedghangerpencil : molivepeople : (persons): leuds; (nation): folk; (lower classes): populepepper : piperpeppers : (paprika)pimentsperformance (of an artist): tamsilperfume : profumeperhaps : maghes

29

pester : enwoghlepetrol can : naft kantpicture : kwitera piece of : un schtukpig : swinpillow : wangherpineapple : ananasplace : placeplace of residence : baytelplane (aircraft): plavplant : planteplastic bag : plastic sackplate : talerplay : (v.): leikplug :schtekerplum : prunpolice station : police stationpoliceman :policistepoor : ormpopulation : populationpork : pork(miems)Portuguese : portugheschepossible : possiblepost : postpost administration : baridepostage : portopost-office : postamtpot : potpotato : kartoffel, patatpower (electricitat): srovprecious : precieusprefer : preferpregnancy : setuspregnant : hamilpreparation : preparation prescription (doctor): prescriptionpresent (gift): hadiapresident : presidentpressure : pressempretend : jiaujwaungpretty : jamileprevent somebody from doing : stamebh- kwehre ad semanghenprimitive : primitiveprison : prisonprobable : probableprogress : progressprohibit : prohibeihproof : pruvproperty (estate): vetatpropose : proposen

30

Protestant : protestantpull : (v.): tragpunishment : schtrafpurse : jusdanpyjamas : piyama (sing.)

Q

quarrel : cheid, faydhqueen : raynquestion : questionquick/fast : okuquiet : sakwn

R

radio : radiorain : seuyraincoat : seuymantelrape : ghionkawnraspberry : ampwarather : anterraw : omrazor : xurrazor blade : xurmiechread : leisreasonable : raisonable, kemallreceiver (phone) : aurerrecommend : recommanderecover (disease): ganeisreduction : reductionrefreshment : refreschmentreligion : religionrent : (price) kirarent : (v.): stajerrenting : ijarrepair : (v.): reparerepeat : repeteihresist : resistresponsible : massoul, responsibleresult : resultatreturn : (v.): reikrevenge : revancheright (direction): dex(ter)right (exact): prabhring : ringroad sign : deikroadworks :stradorbats

31

roast chicken : rost(en) kierkrob : raubhroll (bread): jemmelrubber dinghi : gumminaukruin : (v.): ruineRussia : RussiaRussian : (ethnicity, language): rusk; (pertaining to Russia): russian

S

safe, sure : salvsafety pin : agrafsail : (v.): seghelsalad : saladesalt :saldSaturday : sabdsauna : saunasay/tell : saygschool : scolsciatica : sciatiquescrambled eggs : kayganasscrewdriver : scruvwehrtsea : marseason: saisonseat : sedd, kursiysee : vidself-confidence : jischinsensitive : kheissasSeptember : septemberserious : serieussex : sexeshallow : plaskshape : skeip, formeshave : (v.): xeurshe : iasheet (bed) : charsafshirt : camissshiver : (v.): kreusshoe : schoushoot : strehlshop : magasinshop (business): dukanshoulder : omsshower : duschshy : timidsick : sieugsign : (v.): signesignature : signaturesilk : silk

32

sister : swes(ter)size : megeskull : ghalvsleep : (v.): swehpslice (bread): felslippers : pantoffelsslow : lentsmoke : (v.): deumsnake : serpentsoap : sapunsociety : societatsocket (electricity): srovos, srovbuxsome : semsomething : semjectsorry ! : maaf !soup : soupsouth : sudSpanish : espaniolspeed limit : kadam limitespell : (v.): buksteivspend (time): spend; (money): masrafspice : spissspleen (belly): milzspoon : guarspring (season): (pirm)werstain : gloistamp : stampstart : (v.): startstarter (meal): entreestationer : stationarsteamed : stuft/stuvensteamer : steumboot, vaporsteep : skarpstew : ragoustill: (adj.): still; (adv.): darstomach : stomakstone : petrastormy : stormicstraight on : seidstrange : stragnstraw hat : kalm hatstrawberry : mazukstrict : strictstring (to bind) : schnur; (swimsuit): stringstuffed : pohlt/pohlnsubstitute : substitutsufficient : sufficientsuitcase : valisesummer : lientsummit : sommett

33

sunburnt : solbrans/solbrandensundae : sundaeSunday : mingosuppository : zwayakosurroundings : ihatta (sing.)sweet : swadhswimsuit : yukwiswollen : oid

T

table : tabletable cloth : skaterttablet : tablettettake : ghend; (fig.): emtalkative : tolkrichetap : chesmatask : task, opostaste : gusttea : chaytechnical : technictechnician : muhandistechnique : techniquetelephone : telephonetelevision : televisiontemperature : temperaturetender : tendertent : deltterrible : terribleThank you : dank, mersie theft : klehptthere : terthief : furthigh : bemernthing : jectthink : mehnthroat : gurgulethumb : pallexThursday : khamsiticket : tiquettie : cravatetights : collantstin-opener : conserveghyanertobacco : tabaktoe : doiktoilet-paper : tualette-papiertomorrow : crastonsils (body): lousastool : alat

34

tooth : denttouch : (v.): touchetowel : handduktower : tortown : urbtown hall : ratuschtowrope : (bugsair)dunostoy : leuyktraffic : trafictraffic light : boiktrain : traintranquillizer : sedativetranslate : tarjemtravel : (v.): safertraveller : mussafertreatment : traitement; (medical): ilajtree : drutrousers : pantalon (sing), brugstrunk (box): sandukTuesday : ardie

U

umbrella : saanunconscious : inconscientunder : subunder age : minoratunderground : metrounharmed : sahikhUnited States of America : Uniet Stats os America [amErika]; USAUS : US(-american)usual : adic

V

valid : validvalley : dal(in), valleeveal : vicelvegetables : opstavegetarian : vegetarianvelvet : zamtvenereal disease : veneri siugevenison : venaisonvillage : villagevinegar : acetevisa : visavisit : (v.): visitevomit : (v.): vomeih

35

W

waiter/waitress: (ober)kellner/inwake : (v.): (oi)sbeudwalk : (v.): ghangwallet : portmonaiewater : wedwave : voln; (fig.): wandWednesday : credieweek : hevdwell-done (cooked): mustaurwest : westwhat : quodWhat a pity ! : sayang ! wheel : rot, kwekwlwhipped cream : schlakhsanawhooping cough : koklyschewife : esor, gvibhwindow : fensterwindscreen : windschibwinter : winter, ghimwire : vielwith : (person): con; (means): med; (element): samtwithin : eniwithout : aunwitness : weitwoddwoman : gwen(a)wonderful: daumostwood (matter): dreuwool : wuln(a)work : (v.): wehrg; (labour): orbatwrite : scribwrong : ghaw; fals

X, Y & Z

x-ray : rontgenyacht : yakhtyear : yaryes : yayesterday : ghesyouth : yuwent; (young person): yuwenczero : zerozoo : zoo

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