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Title VI. - SALES

CHAPTER 1NATURE AND FORM OF THE CONTRACT

Art. 1458. By te !"#tr$!t "% &$le "#e "% te !"#tr$!ti#' ($rtie& ")li'$te& i*&el% t" tr$#&%er te"+#er&i( $#, t" ,elier $ ,eter*i#$te ti#' $#, te "ter t" ($y tere%"r $ (ri!e !ert$i# i# *"#ey "rit& e/0i$le#t.

A !"#tr$!t "% &$le *$y )e $)&"l0te "r !"#,iti"#$l. 1445$2

Art. 1453. Te ti#' *0&t )e li!it $#, te e#,"r *0&t $e $ ri't t" tr$#&%er te "+#er&i( tere"% $tte ti*e it i& ,eliere,. #2

Art. 14. A ti#' i& ,eter*i#$te +e# it i& ($rti!0l$rly ,e&i'#$te, "r (y&i!$l &e're'$te, %r"* $ll "ter"% te &$*e !l$&&.

Te re/0i&ite t$t $ ti#' )e ,eter*i#$te i& &$ti&%ie, i% $t te ti*e te !"#tr$!t i& e#tere, i#t" te ti#' i&!$($)le "% )ei#' *$,e ,eter*i#$te +it"0t te #e!e&&ity "% $ #e+ "r %0rter $'ree*e#t )et+ee# te($rtie&. #2

Art. 141. Ti#'& $i#' $ ("te#ti$l e6i&te#!e *$y )e te ")7e!t "% te !"#tr$!t "% &$le.

Te e%%i!$!y "% te &$le "% $ *ere "(e "r e6(e!t$#!y i& ,ee*e, &0)7e!t t" te !"#,iti"# t$t te ti#'+ill !"*e i#t" e6i&te#!e.

Te &$le "% $ $i# "(e "r e6(e!t$#!y i& "i,. #2

Art. 14. Te '"",& +i! %"r* te &0)7e!t "% $ !"#tr$!t "% &$le *$y )e eiter e6i&ti#' '"",& "+#e,"r ("&&e&&e, )y te &eller "r '"",& t" )e *$#0%$!t0re, r$i&e, "r $!/0ire, )y te &eller $%ter te(er%e!ti"# "% te !"#tr$!t "% &$le i# ti& Title !$lle, 9future goods.9

Tere *$y )e $ !"#tr$!t "% &$le "% '"",& +"&e $!/0i&iti"# )y te &eller ,e(e#,& 0("# $ !"#ti#'e#!y+i! *$y "r *$y #"t $((e#. #2

Art. 14:. Te &"le "+#er "% $ ti#' *$y &ell $# 0#,ii,e, i#tere&t terei#. #2

Art. 144. I# te !$&e " % %0#'i)le '"",& tere *$y )e $ &$le "% $# 0#,ii,e, &$re "% $ &(e!i%i! *$&&t"0' te &eller (0r("rt& t" &ell $#, te )0yer t" )0y $ ,e%i#ite #0*)er +ei't "r *e$&0re "% te '"",&

i# te *$&& $#, t"0' te #0*)er +ei't "r *e$&0re "% te '"",& i# te *$&& i& 0#,eter*i#e,. By&0! $ &$le te )0yer )e!"*e& "+#er i# !"**"# "% &0! $ &$re "% te *$&& $& te #0*)er +ei't "r*e$&0re )"0't )e$r& t" te #0*)er +ei't "r *e$&0re "% te *$&&. I% te *$&& !"#t$i#& le&& t$# te#0*)er +ei't "r *e$&0re )"0't te )0yer )e!"*e& te "+#er "% te +"le *$&& $#, te &eller i&)"0#, t" *$;e '"", te ,e%i!ie#!y %r"* '"",& "% te &$*e ;i#, $#, /0$lity 0#le&& $ !"#tr$ry i#te#t$((e$r&. #2

Art. 145. Ti#'& &0)7e!t t" $ re&"l0t"ry !"#,iti"# *$y )e te ")7e!t "% te !"#tr$!t "% &$le. #2

Art. 14. I# !"#&tr0i#' $ !"#tr$!t !"#t$i#i#' (r"i&i"#& !$r$!teri&ti! "% )"t te !"#tr$!t "% &$le $#, "%te !"#tr$!t "% $'e#!y t" &ell te e&&e#ti$l !l$0&e& "% te +"le i#&tr0*e#t &$ll )e !"#&i,ere,. #2

Art. 14

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12 ?ere '"",& $re (0t 0( %"r &$le )y $0!ti"# i# l"t& e$! l"t i& te &0)7e!t "% $ &e($r$te!"#tr$!t "% &$le.

2 A &$le )y $0!ti"# i& (er%e!te, +e# te $0!ti"#eer $##"0#!e& it& (er%e!ti"# )y te %$ll "%te $**er "r i# "ter !0&t"*$ry *$##er. U#til &0! $##"0#!e*e#t i& *$,e $#y )i,,er*$y retr$!t i& )i,> $#, te $0!ti"#eer *$y +it,r$+ te '"",& %r"* te &$le 0#le&& te$0!ti"# $& )ee# $##"0#!e, t" )e +it"0t re&ere.

:2 A ri't t" )i, *$y )e re&ere, e6(re&&ly )y "r "# )e$l% "% te &eller 0#le&& "ter+i&e(r"i,e, )y l$+ "r )y &ti(0l$ti"#.

42 ?ere #"ti!e $& #"t )ee# 'ie# t$t $ &$le )y $0!ti"# i& &0)7e!t t" $ ri't t" )i, "# )e$l%"% te &eller it &$ll #"t )e l$+%0l %"r te &eller t" )i, i*&el% "r t" e*(l"y "r i#,0!e $#y(er&"# t" )i, $t &0! &$le "# i& )e$l% "r %"r te $0!ti"#eer t" e*(l"y "r i#,0!e $#y (er&"#t" )i, $t &0! &$le "# )e$l% "% te &eller "r ;#"+i#'ly t" t$;e $#y )i, %r"* te &eller "r $#y(er&"# e*(l"ye, )y i*. A#y &$le !"#tr$e#i#' ti& r0le *$y )e tre$te, $& %r$0,0le#t )y te)0yer. #2

Art. 14

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2 A'e#t& te (r"(erty +"&e $,*i#i&tr$ti"# "r &$le *$y $e )ee# e#tr0&te, t" te*0#le&& te !"#&e#t "% te (ri#!i($l $& )ee# 'ie#>

:2 E6e!0t"r& $#, $,*i#i&tr$t"r& te (r"(erty "% te e&t$te 0#,er $,*i#i&tr$ti"#>

42 P0)li! "%%i!er& $#, e*(l"yee& te (r"(erty "% te St$te "r "% $#y &0),ii&i"# tere"% "r "%$#y '"er#*e#t-"+#e, "r !"#tr"lle, !"r("r$ti"# "r i#&tit0ti"# te $,*i#i&tr$ti"# "% +i!$& )ee# i#tr0&te, t" te*> ti& (r"i&i"# &$ll $((ly t" 70,'e& $#, '"er#*e#t e6(ert& +"i# $#y *$##er +$t&"eer t$;e ($rt i# te &$le>

52 0&ti!e& 70,'e& (r"&e!0ti#' $tt"r#ey& !ler;& "% &0(eri"r $#, i#%eri"r !"0rt& $#, "ter

"%%i!er& $#, e*(l"yee& !"##e!te, +it te $,*i#i&tr$ti"# "% 70&ti!e te (r"(erty $#, ri't& i#liti'$ti"# "r leie, 0("# $# e6e!0ti"# )e%"re te !"0rt +iti# +"&e 70ri&,i!ti"# "r territ"ry teye6er!i&e teir re&(e!tie %0#!ti"#&> ti& (r"i)iti"# i#!l0,e& te $!t "% $!/0iri#' )y $&&i'#*e#t$#, &$ll $((ly t" l$+yer& +it re&(e!t t" te (r"(erty $#, ri't& +i! *$y )e te ")7e!t "%$#y liti'$ti"# i# +i! tey *$y t$;e ($rt )y irt0e "% teir (r"%e&&i"#.

2 A#y "ter& &(e!i$lly ,i&/0$li%ie, )y l$+. 1453$2

Art. 143. Te (r"i)iti"#& i# te t+" (re!e,i#' $rti!le& $re $((li!$)le t" &$le& i# le'$l re,e*(ti"#!"*(r"*i&e& $#, re#0#!i$ti"#&. #2

CHAPTER :EFFECTS OF THE CONTRACT

?HEN THE THIN@ SOLD HAS BEEN LOST

Art. 143:. I% $t te ti*e te !"#tr$!t "% &$le i& (er%e!te, te ti#' +i! i& te ")7e!t "% te !"#tr$!t $&)ee# e#tirely l"&t te !"#tr$!t &$ll )e +it"0t $#y e%%e!t.

B0t i% te ti#' &"0l, $e )ee# l"&t i# ($rt "#ly te e#,ee *$y !""&e )et+ee# +it,r$+i#' %r"*te !"#tr$!t $#, ,e*$#,i#' te re*$i#i#' ($rt ($yi#' it& (ri!e i# (r"("rti"# t" te t"t$l &0* $'ree,0("#. 14$2

Art. 1434. ?ere te ($rtie& (0r("rt $ &$le "% &(e!i%i! '"",& $#, te '"",& +it"0t te ;#"+le,'e "%te &eller $e (eri&e, i# ($rt "r $e +"lly "r i# $ *$teri$l ($rt &" ,eteri"r$te, i# /0$lity $& t" )e&0)&t$#ti$lly !$#'e, i# !$r$!ter te )0yer *$y $t i& "(ti"# tre$t te &$le

12 A& $"i,e,> "r

2 A& $li, i# $ll "% te e6i&ti#' '"",& "r i# &" *0! tere"% $& $e #"t ,eteri"r$te, $#, $&

)i#,i#' te )0yer t" ($y te $'ree, (ri!e %"r te '"",& i# +i! te "+#er&i( +ill ($&& i% te&$le +$& ,ii&i)le. #2

CHAPTER 4

OBLI@ATIONS OF THE VENDOR

SECTION 1. - General ProvisionsArt. 1435. Te e#,"r i& )"0#, t" tr$#&%er te "+#er&i( "% $#, ,elier $& +ell $& +$rr$#t te ti#'+i! i& te ")7e!t "% te &$le. 141$2

Art. 143. Te "+#er&i( "% te ti#' &"l, i& $!/0ire, )y te e#,ee %r"* te *"*e#t it i& ,eliere, t"i* i# $#y "% te +$y& &(e!i%ie, i# Arti!le& 143< t" 151 "r i# $#y "ter *$##er &i'#i%yi#' $#$'ree*e#t t$t te ("&&e&&i"# i& tr$#&%erre, %r"* te e#,"r t" te e#,ee. #2

SECTION 2. - Delivery of the Thing SoldArt. 143

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e6!e(t %"r te %"r* "% te )ill "% l$,i#' te "+#er&i( +"0l, $e ($&&e, t" te )0yer "# &i(*e#t "%te '"",& te &eller& (r"(erty i# te '"",& &$ll )e ,ee*e, t" )e "#ly %"r te (0r("&e "% &e!0ri#'(er%"r*$#!e )y te )0yer "% i& ")li'$ti"#& 0#,er te !"#tr$!t.

?ere '"",& $re &i((e, $#, )y te )ill "% l$,i#' te '"",& $re ,elier$)le t" "r,er "% te )0yer "r "%i& $'e#t )0t ("&&e&&i"# "% te )ill "% l$,i#' i& ret$i#e, )y te &eller "r i& $'e#t te &eller tere)yre&ere& $ ri't t" te ("&&e&&i"# "% te '"",& $& $'$i#&t te )0yer.

?ere te &eller "% '"",& ,r$+& "# te )0yer %"r te (ri!e $#, tr$#&*it& te )ill "% e6!$#'e $#, )ill " %l$,i#' t"'eter t" te )0yer t" &e!0re $!!e(t$#!e "r ($y*e#t "% te )ill "% e6!$#'e te )0yer i& )"0#,t" ret0r# te )ill "% l$,i#' i% e ,"e& #"t "#"r te )ill "% e6!$#'e $#, i% e +r"#'%0lly ret$i#& te )ill "%l$,i#' e $!/0ire& #" $,,e, ri't tere)y. I% "+eer te )ill "% l$,i#' (r"i,e& t$t te '"",& $re,elier$)le t" te )0yer "r t" te "r,er "% te )0yer "r i& i#,"r&e, i# )l$#; "r t" te )0yer )y te!"#&i'#ee #$*e, terei# "#e +" (0r!$&e& i# '"", %$it %"r $l0e te )ill "% l$,i#' "r '"",& %r"*te )0yer +ill ")t$i# te "+#er&i( i# te '"",& $lt"0' te )ill "% e6!$#'e $& #"t )ee# "#"re,(r"i,e, t$t &0! (0r!$&er $& re!eie, ,eliery "% te )ill "% l$,i#' i#,"r&e, )y te !"#&i'#ee#$*e, terei# "r "% te '"",& +it"0t #"ti!e "% te %$!t& *$;i#' te tr$#&%er +r"#'%0l. #2

Art. 154. U#le&& "ter+i&e $'ree, te '"",& re*$i# $t te &eller& ri&; 0#til te "+#er&i( terei# i&tr$#&%erre, t" te )0yer )0t +e# te "+#er&i( terei# i& tr$#&%erre, t" te )0yer te '"",& $re $t te)0yer& ri&; +eter $!t0$l ,eliery $& )ee# *$,e "r #"t e6!e(t t$t

12 ?ere ,eliery "% te '"",& $& )ee# *$,e t" te )0yer "r t" $ )$ilee %"r te )0yer i#(0r&0$#!e "% te !"#tr$!t $#, te "+#er&i( i# te '"",& $& )ee# ret$i#e, )y te &eller*erely t" &e!0re (er%"r*$#!e )y te )0yer "% i& ")li'$ti"#& 0#,er te !"#tr$!t te '"",&$re $t te )0yer& ri&; %r"* te ti*e "% &0! ,eliery>

2 ?ere $!t0$l ,eliery $& )ee# ,el$ye, tr"0' te %$0lt "% eiter te )0yer "r &eller te'"",& $re $t te ri&; "% te ($rty i# %$0lt. #2

Art. 155. S0)7e!t t" te (r"i&i"#& "% ti& Title +ere '"",& $re &"l, )y $ (er&"# +" i& #"t te "+#ertere"% $#, +" ,"e& #"t &ell te* 0#,er $0t"rity "r +it te !"#&e#t "% te "+#er te )0yer $!/0ire" )etter title t" te '"",& t$# te &eller $, 0#le&& te "+#er "% te '"",& i& )y i& !"#,0!t(re!l0,e, %r"* ,e#yi#' te &eller& $0t"rity t" &ell.

N"ti#' i# ti& Title "+eer &$ll $%%e!t

12 Te (r"i&i"#& "% $#y %$!t"r& $!t re!"r,i#' l$+& "r $#y "ter (r"i&i"# "% l$+ e#$)li#'te $(($re#t "+#er "% '"",& t" ,i&("&e "% te* $& i% e +ere te tr0e "+#er tere"%>

2 Te $li,ity "% $#y !"#tr$!t "% &$le 0#,er &t$t0t"ry ("+er "% &$le "r 0#,er te "r,er "% $!"0rt "% !"*(ete#t 70ri&,i!ti"#>

:2 P0r!$&e& *$,e i# $ *er!$#t& &t"re "r i# %$ir& "r *$r;et& i# $!!"r,$#!e +it te C",e"% C"**er!e $#, &(e!i$l l$+&. #2

Art. 15. ?ere te &eller "% '"",& $& $ "i,$)le title teret" )0t i& title $& #"t )ee# $"i,e, $t teti*e "% te &$le te )0yer $!/0ire& $ '"", title t" te '"",& (r"i,e, e )0y& te* i# '"", %$it %"r$l0e $#, +it"0t #"ti!e "% te &eller& ,e%e!t "% title. #2

Art. 15 "r

2 ?ere )y te ter*& "% te ,"!0*e#t te !$rrier +$re"0&e*$# "r "ter )$ilee i&&0i#' te&$*e 0#,ert$;e& t" ,elier te '"",& t" te "r,er "% $ &(e!i%ie, (er&"# $#, &0! (er&"# "r $&0)&e/0e#t e#,"r&ee "% te ,"!0*e#t $& i#,"r&e, it i# )l$#; "r t" te )e$rer.

?ere )y te ter*& "% $ #e'"ti$)le ,"!0*e#t "% title te '"",& $re ,elier$)le t" )e$rer "r +ere $#e'"ti$)le ,"!0*e#t "% title $& )ee# i#,"r&e, i# )l$#; "r t" )e$rer $#y "l,er *$y i#,"r&e te &$*et" i*&el% "r t" $#y &(e!i%ie, (er&"# $#, i# &0! !$&e te ,"!0*e#t &$ll tere$%ter )e #e'"ti$te, "#ly)y te e#,"r&e*e#t "% &0! e#,"r&ee. #2

Art. 153. A #e'"ti$)le ,"!0*e#t "% title *$y )e #e'"ti$te, )y te e#,"r&e*e#t "% te (er&"# t" +"&e"r,er te '"",& $re )y te ter*& "% te ,"!0*e#t ,elier$)le. S0! e#,"r&e*e#t *$y )e i# )l$#; t")e$rer "r t" $ &(e!i%ie, (er&"#. I% i#,"r&e, t" $ &(e!i%ie, (er&"# it *$y )e $'$i# #e'"ti$te, )y tee#,"r&e*e#t "% &0! (er&"# i# )l$#; t" )e$rer "r t" $#"ter &(e!i%ie, (er&"#. S0)&e/0e#t #e'"ti$ti"#&*$y )e *$,e i# li;e *$##er. #2

Art. 151. I% $ ,"!0*e#t "% title +i! !"#t$i#& $# 0#,ert$;i#' )y $ !$rrier +$re"0&e*$# "r "ter)$ilee t" ,elier te '"",& t" )e$rer t" $ &(e!i%ie, (er&"# "r "r,er "% $ &(e!i%ie, (er&"# "r +i!!"#t$i#& +"r,& "% li;e i*("rt $& (l$!e, 0("# it te +"r,& "not negotiable," "non-negotiable""r te li;e&0! ,"!0*e#t *$y #eertele&& )e #e'"ti$te, )y te "l,er $#, i& $ #e'"ti$)le ,"!0*e#t "% title+iti# te *e$#i#' "% ti& Title. B0t #"ti#' i# ti& Title !"#t$i#e, &$ll )e !"#&tr0e, $& li*iti#' "r,e%i#i#' te e%%e!t 0("# te ")li'$ti"#& "% te !$rrier +$re"0&e*$# "r "ter )$ilee i&&0i#' $,"!0*e#t "% title "r (l$!i#' tere"# te +"r,& "not negotiable," "non-negotiable,""r te li;e. #2

Art. 1511. A ,"!0*e#t "% title +i! i& #"t i# &0! %"r* t$t it !$# )e #e'"ti$te, )y ,eliery *$y )etr$#&%erre, )y te "l,er )y ,eliery t" $ (0r!$&er "r ,"#ee. A #"#-#e'"ti$)le ,"!0*e#t !$##"t )e#e'"ti$te, $#, te e#,"r&e*e#t "% &0! $ ,"!0*e#t 'ie& te tr$#&%eree #" $,,iti"#$l ri't. #2