Sakeena Assad Presentation

7/28/2019 Sakeena Assad Presentation

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DEVELOPMENTAL ANOMALIES

OF DENTITION


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Anomalies ofnumber

Anodontia

Hypodontia

Oligodontia

Hyperdontia


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ANOMALIESOF POSITION

Transposition


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GEMINATION

CONCRESCENCE

TALONS CUSP

FUSION

DENS EVAGINATUS

DENS INVAGINATUS

CUSP OF CARABELLI


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ECTOPIC ENAMEL

TAURODONTISM

HYPERCEMENTOSIS

DILACERATION

SUPERNUMERARY ROOTS


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Definition:Total lack of tooth development.

Etiology:Genetic.

CLINICAL FEATURES

-No teeth are present.

-Lack of alveolar growth .

-Associated with ectodermal dysplasia.


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TREATMENTProsthetic

rehabilitation.


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DEFINITION:Lack of development of one or more teeth.

ETIOLOGY:

Genetic

Hereditary

Associated with syndromes eg.Hereditary ectodermal dysplasia


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CLINICAL FEATURES

Prevalence is 3 to 8%.

Female dominance.

Less than 1% in deciduous dentition.

Predominance is 3rd molar>2nd molar>lateralincisor.

Can result in drifting due to excess space.


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Prosthetic and orthodonticrehabilitation.


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DEFINITION:More than 6 teeth

missing.

ETIOLOGY:Genetic

Hereditary

CLINICAL FEATURES:

Rare in primary dentition.Multiple missing teeth from either

arch.Can result in collapse of arch and drifting

due to excess of space


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TREATMENT:

Prosthetic and

orthodonticrehabilitation.


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DEFINITION:Developmental of additional teeth inaddition to normal dentition.

ETIOLOGY:Genetic

Hereditary

Associated with syndromes(cleft lip, cleftpalate,gardeners syndrome. Develop as consequence

of proliferation of epithelial cells from dental lamina.


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Prevalence is 1 to 3%.

80% associated with single tooth

hyperdontia.Occurs mostly in permanent

dentition in maxillary anterior

region.Male predominance.


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Supernumerary in maxillaryanterior region is called asmesiodens,in 4th molar region it isdistomolar and if it is buccal tomolars it is called as paramolar.

Frequent cause of crowding typeof malocclusion.


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Conical Tuberculate

Supplementalodontome


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This small peg-shapedconical tooth is thesupernumerary mostcommonly found in

permanent dentition.

Usually present asmesiodens.


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Possesses more than one

cusp or tubercle.

Described as barrel-shaped or may beinvaginated.


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Tumor of odontogenic origin.

Listed as suppernumerary tooth byHOWARD.

Represents a hamartomatousmalformation rather than neoplasm.


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Types:

Compositeodontoma

Complexodontoma


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Multiplepolyposis oflargeintestines.

Osteomas ofthe bone.

Multipleepidermoid orsebacceos cystof skin.

Occasionaloccurrence ofdesmoid ofscalp and back.

Impacted

supernumeraryand permanenttooth.


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Extraction of supernumerarytooth followed by orthodontic

rehabilitation.


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TRANSPOSITION:

DEFINITION:

Eruption of normal teeth in an inappropriatepositions.

ETIOLOGY:Retained deciduous teeth or lose ofspace.


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Maxillary canine and

premolars are involved.

May cause crowding.


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Orthodontic

rehabilitation.


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FUSION:

DEFINITION:Tooth fusion is defined as union between the dentinand/or enamel of two or more separate developing teeth.

ETIOLOGY:

Pressure produced by physical force prolongs the contact of thedeveloping teeth causing fusion.(shafer)


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LOWELL AND SOLOMAN-

Physical action causes the toothgerms to come into contact,thus

producing necrosis of the interveningtissue,allowing the enamel organ anddental papilla to fuse together.


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The fusion may be partial or totaldepending upon the stage of toothdevelopment at the time of union;fusiontotalis,partialis-radicularis.

If the contact occurs before thecalcification stage,the teeth unitecompletely and form one tooth.


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Incomplete fusion may be at root level ifthe contact and union occurs afterformation of crown.

Prevelance of 0.5-2.5%.

Most commonly occurs in primary teeth withmore predilections for anterior teeth.

Radiographically,the dentin of fused teethalways appears to be joined in some regionwith separate pulp chambers and canals


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May cause malocclusion.

Restorative,periodontaland endodonticconsiderations are

needed beforeproceeding with anytype of treatment.


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DEFINITION:

Abortive attempt by thesingle tooth bud to

divide,with the resultant

formation of bifid crownand common root.


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Genetic

HereditaryEnviromental


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More frequently in the primary

dentition.

Prevelance of 1%.

Prediliction in maxillary primary

incisors and canine.

Two teeth joined in coronal aspect

but with single root and single root

canal.


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May cause malocclusion.

Restorative,periodontal

and endodonticconsiderations are

needed beforeproceeding with any type

of treatment.


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DEFINITION:

Union of teeth by cementum alonewithout confluence of dentin.


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Environmental


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Two separateteeth joined by

cementum.

Posteriormaxillary regionis more involved.


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No treatment requiredif the patient is

asymptomatic.

Extraction if it

interferes with eruptionof succeeding tooth.


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Epithelial cells andtransient focal

hyperplasia ofperipheral cells of

mesensenchymaldental pappilla.


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Prevelance is 0.06% to 7.7%.

The anomaly also appears to be more inpatients with Rubinstein-taybi syndrome.

Lateral incisors and canines are affected.

Pulp horn may project from the cusp.


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Compromised

aesthetics,occlusalinterference,cariousdevelopmental

grooves,displacement ofteeth,periodontalproblems,irritation of thetongue and diagnosticproblems.


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Gradual reduction with flourideapplication as desensitizing agent.

Single appiontment reduction with orwithout pulp therapy.

Sealant application in the dental

grooves.


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Partial reduction

with compositecamouflage.


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Definition: Cusp like

elevation ofenamel in

centralgroove.


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Proliferation and evagination ofan area of IEE and adjacentmesenchyme into the enamel

organ during tooth

development.


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This may contian enamel,dentin,pulplike normal tooth.

Radiolographically pulp extensioncan be seen.

Mostly on molars or maxillaryincisors.

May cause occlusal problems


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TREATMENT

Selective reductionwith subsequent pulp

therapy to removethe cusp and keep

the teeth on position.


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Definition:

Deep surface invagination of crown lined by enamel.

ETIOLOGY

Invagination of crown filled with soft tissue like dentalfollicle and on eruption this loses its blood supply andturns necrosis.


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1-10%.

Predominance is lateral incisor>centralincisor>premolars>molars.

Maxillary predominace.

It can be coronal or radicular type.


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Type 1 confined to crown.

Type 2 extends till root.

Extends inside tooth giving ittooth in a tooth(dens indente)appearance.


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Depending on type of densinvaginatus treatment be

restorative or pulp therapy.


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Definition:

Accessory cusp located on palatal surface of mesiolingual cusp ofmaxillary molars.

ETIOLOGY:

Unknown.


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1st molar.

Deep groovesmay predispose

to caries.


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No treatment

until grooveis deep,mayneed

restorative

intervention.


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Also called as enamel pearl.

DEFINITION:

Presence of enamel in unusual location.

ETIOLOGY:

Localised bulging of odontoblastic layer that provides excesscontact between HERS and dentine triggering induction of enamel

formation.


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May contain only enamel or may even have pulp.

Mostly seen on roots of maxillary molars.

Prevelance of 1-9%.

Seen in furcation or CEJ area.

Radiographically appears as circular well definedarea of radiodensity.


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Meticulous hygiene and

periodontal prevention is must.


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Definition:

Enlargement of bodyand pulp chamber of

multirooted teeth with

apical displacement ofpulpal floor.


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May be as result of

chromosomalabnormality or

associated with asyndrome.


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Tauro-bull,dont-teeth.

Pulp chambers are large with decreased bifurcation of roots.Mostly in molars.

Radiographic identification.

Can be of three types:

1)mild hypotaurodontism.


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2)moderate

mesotaurodontism.

3)severehypotaurodontism.


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Endodontictherapy has to

be donecarefully

because of thedimention of

chamber.


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Definition:

Non-neoplastic deposition of excessive cementum.

Etiology:

Hereditary factor.

Abnormal occlusal trauma.

Nonantagonist teeth.


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Thickening of root .

Localized or generalized.

Increases with age.

Associated with pagets diseaseacromegaly,calcinosis.


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No treatment is needed but suchteeth may have to be sectioned

during exodontia.


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Definition:

Abnormalangulation ofroot or crown

of tooth.

Etiology:

Injury to thecalcifiedportion oftooth germ

duringdevelopment.


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Maxillary incisors are mostaffected.

Rare in primary teeth.

Teeth may have altered pathof eruption,can be associated

with periapical lesions ormay be impacted.


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Treatmentdependsupon thedegree of

dilaceration.

Smalldeviationneeds no

treatment.

Largerdeviationneeds for

hemisectionor even

extraction.


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Definition:

Developmentof increasednumber of

roots

compared tonormal.

Etiology: Unknown.


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Permanent

dentitionand molarsare more

affected.


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No treatment isrequired but

during endodontictherapy dueconsideration hasto be given to thepresence of such

roots.


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DrShallan

kaur MAM

DR TalliaMAM

DR DIVYAMAM


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PRESENTEDBY:

SAKEENAASSAD

PREFINALYEAR

Sakeena Assad Presentation

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