SAFIR, Safety of nuclear power plants – Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
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SAFIR
SAFIR, Safety of nuclear power plants – Finnish SAFIR, Safety of nuclear power plants – Finnish national research programme 2003-2006national research programme 2003-2006
Overview of the programmeprepared by Eija Karita Puska, Director of SAFIR
http://www.vtt.fi/pro/tutkimus/safir
2
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
Background – Nuclear energy R&D
In Finland nuclear energy R&D consist of In Finland nuclear energy R&D consist of research in three major areas:research in three major areas:
nuclear power plant safety (reactor safety), 39 %
waste management, 50 %
fusion, 10 %
In nuclear power plant safety nearly 40 % of In nuclear power plant safety nearly 40 % of research is done in public research programmesresearch is done in public research programmes
In waste management only 2 % of research is in In waste management only 2 % of research is in the public research programmesthe public research programmes
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SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
Background - Nuclear Energy R&D in Finland (1999)
Total volume 27 million €
Funding Sources
Power companies53 %
Research Areas
Others1 %
FINNUS
ALWR
JYT2001
WasteManagement
50 %
XVO
FFUSION2
FusionResearch
10 %
4 %
3 %
15 %
4 %
ReactorSafety39 %
STUK5 %
TEKES11 %
KTM9 %
VTT10 %
Others6 %EU
6 %
4
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
Background – Research programmes
The public NPP safety research in Finland is organised The public NPP safety research in Finland is organised into reseach programmes and funded by several partners:into reseach programmes and funded by several partners:
KTM = Finnish Ministry of Trade and Industry
VTT = Technical Research Centre of Finland
STUK = Finnish Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority
Utilities = Fortum Oyj and Teollisuuden Voima Oy
NKS = Nordic co-operation in nuclear safety
Financing FINNUS 1999 – 2002 and SAFIR 2003
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
KTM VTT STUK Utilities NKS Other
kE
uro
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
5
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
Background - FINNUS 1999 - 2002
FINNUS Finnish national research programme on FINNUS Finnish national research programme on nuclear power plants safety1999 – 2002nuclear power plants safety1999 – 2002
Research areas: NPP ageing, accidents and risk, Research areas: NPP ageing, accidents and risk, with 11 separate research projectswith 11 separate research projects
Total volume 14,4 million € and 130 person yearsTotal volume 14,4 million € and 130 person years
An extensive summary of the results is presented An extensive summary of the results is presented in the Final report and Executive summaryin the Final report and Executive summaryFINNUS produced nearly 600 publicationsFINNUS produced nearly 600 publications
FINNUS took care of education of new generation FINNUS took care of education of new generation by producing 26 academic degreesby producing 26 academic degrees
See http://www.vtt.fi/pro/tutkimus/finnus and the See http://www.vtt.fi/pro/tutkimus/finnus and the printed publications for detailed informationprinted publications for detailed information
6
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
Background - FINNUS 1999 - 2002
FINNUS contributed to the safe and economic FINNUS contributed to the safe and economic use of nuclear power in Finland as a strong link use of nuclear power in Finland as a strong link in the chain of national research programmes by:in the chain of national research programmes by:
developing tools and practices for safety authorities and utilities
providing a basis for safety-related decisions
educating new nuclear energy experts
promoting technology and information transfer
Research continues in SAFIR 2003 – 2006Research continues in SAFIR 2003 – 2006
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SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR is The mid-field of research and education
National research programme
Safetycase andlicensingevidence
Uti
lity r
ese
arc
h
Regulatoryinspections
andreviews
Reg
ula
tory
rese
arc
h SAFIR
2003-2006
Safety of nuclear power plants –Finnish national research programme
8
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR = mid-field
Researchactivities
supportingregulatoryinspections
do notbelong to
SAFIR.
Researchactivities
supportinglicensingdo not
belong toSAFIR.
Safety of nuclear power plants –Finnish national research programme
Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI)
Uti
litie
s (T
VO
, Fo
rtu
m)
Reg
ula
tory
body (
STU
K) Mid-field research activities
9
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
General SAFIR objectives
Basic preparednessBasic preparednessexpertise
methods
EducationEducationnew experts
experienced experts
NetworksNetworksdomestic
international
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SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
Planning of SAFIR - Future safety challenges
physical barriers plant functionsinitiating events
safety management
design & analysisintegrity function
operationrisks
1. New fuel designsand enhanced use
2. Ensurance of integrity ofan ageing reactor circuit
3. Ensurance of containmentintegrity and leak-tightness
8. Operational developmentwith modern technology
9. Plant lifetime management
10. Development of organisational
culture and safety management
12. Risk-informed safetyand operational management
11. Risk analysisof external effects
6. Automation modernizations
7. Control room modernizations
4. New types ofnuclear power plants
5. Uncertainties associatedwith process safety functions
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SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
Planning of SAFIR - Grouping of challenges
1 2
3
65
4
1. New fuel designsand enhanced use
9. Plant lifetime management
2. Ensurance of integrity ofan ageing reactor circuit
3. Ensurance of containmentintegrity and leak-tightness5. Uncertainties associatedwith process safety functions
8. Operational developmentwith modern technology
6. Automation modernizations7. Control room modernizations
12. Risk-informed safetyand operational management
11. Risk analysisof external effects
10. Development of organisationalculture and safety management
4. New types ofnuclear power plants
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SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR 2003 – The Research
4 million € and 31 person years4 million € and 31 person years
19 research projects19 research projects
VTT as the major research organisation (some VTT as the major research organisation (some 90 % of research), others90 % of research), others
Lappeenranta University of Technology
Fortum Nuclear Services
RAMSE Consulting
plus some other partners as subcontractors
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SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR 2003 – The Funding
Financing in 2003
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
KTM VTT STUK Fortum TVO NKS Other
kEu
ro
14
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR 2003 – The Expenses
Expenses in 2003
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
Personnel Mat&suppl Travel Extern serv. Other
kEu
ro
15
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR 2003 – Six Research Areas
1. Reactor fuel and core1. Reactor fuel and core
2. Reactor circuit and structural safety2. Reactor circuit and structural safety
3. Containment and process safety functions3. Containment and process safety functions
4. Automation, control room and information 4. Automation, control room and information technology technology
5. Organisations and safety management 5. Organisations and safety management
6. Risk-informed safety management6. Risk-informed safety management
Each area has a reference group that superwises the research
Additional Ad hoc groups in large areas
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SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR 2003
1. reactor fuel and core2. reactor circuit and structural safety3. containment and process safety functions4. automation, control room and IT5.organisations and safety management6. risk-informed safety management
Distribution of funding in SAFIR research areas in 2003
19 %
30 %
30 %
5 %
5 %
11 %
1
2
3
4
5
6
17
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR 2003
1. reactor fuel and core2. reactor circuit and structural safety3. containment and process safety functions4. automation, control room and IT5.organisations and safety management6. risk-informed safety management
Distribution of person years in SAFIR research areas in 2003
21 %
27 %31 %
5 %
5 %
11 %
1
2
3
4
5
6
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SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
1. Reactor fuel and core
CRITICALITYSAFETY
FUEL
FUEL
ICFM = IN-CORE FUEL MANAGEMENT
ICFM CORE
SEVEREACCIDENTS
ACCIDENTS
TRANSIENTS
COOLANT FLOWSTABILITYOPERATIONAL
SAFETY LIMITS
IRRADIATION:MATERIAL DAMAGES
& ACTIVATION
HIGHBURNUP
CLADDINGINTEGRITY CORROSION
WATERCHEMISTRY
TRANSPORTATION
STORAGE FINAL
REFUELINGSHUTDOWNS
SPENT FUEL
REPOSITORY
STORAGE
THERMALMECHANICS
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SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR projects in 2003
1. Reactor fuel and core
Enhanced methods for reactor analysis (EMERALD),
525 k€ / 48 person months / VTT Processes
High-burnup upgrades in fuel behaviour modelling (KORU),
210 k€ / 20,5 person months / VTT Processes
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SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
2. Reactor circuit and structural safetyR
equir
em
en
ts –
desi
gn –
m
anufa
cturi
ng
Insp
ect
ion
– c
hara
cteri
sati
on –
pre
dic
tionsReactor circuit pipelines
Loadings Material properties Geometry
Environment
Cumulative effects
Operating experiences
LBB
Water chemistry effects
Base material
Flow conditions
ImpuritiesOxide film
Reactor pressure vessel with joints and internals
Re-embrittlement
Loadings
Data
Material properties
Integrity
Criteria
Methods
Faults
Risk-informed safety management
Plant lifetime managementReactor circuit integrity
Operational development with modern technology
Other reactor circuit components
Loadings Failure types Faults CriteriaMaterials
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SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR projects in 2003
2. Reactor circuit and structural integrity
Integrity and life time of reactor circuits (INTELI),
1057 k€ / 77,9 person months / VTT Industrial Systems
Ageing of the Function of the Containment Building (AGCONT),
13 k€ / 1,1 person months / VTT Building and Transport
Participation in the OECD NEA Task Group Concrete Ageing (CONAGE),
9,48 k€ / 0,6 person months / VTT Building and Transport
Concrete Technological Studies Related to the Construction, Inspection and Reparation of the Nuclear Power Plant Structures (CONTECH),
100,6 k€ / 8 person months / VTT Building and Transport
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SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
3. Containment and process safety functions
External threats
Potentialreleases,environmentaleffects
Containment
Process safety functionsPassivesystems
Balancedsafety
Integrated assessment ofcontainment and process safety functions
Severe accidents
shutdown conditionscoolability long-term aspects
plant-specific questions chemistry fission products
Effects of ageing oncontainment function
Integrity Leak-tightness
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SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR projects in 2003
3. Containment and process safety functions
Wall Response to Soft Impact (WARSI),
137,7 k€ /13 person months / VTT Industrial Systems
The Integral Code for Design Basis Accident Analyses (TIFANY),
206,8 k€ / 17 person months / Fortum Nuclear Services
Thermal Hydraulic Analysis of Nuclear Reactors (THEA),
187 k€ / 12 person months / VTT Processes
Severe Accidents and Nuclear Containment integrity (SANCY),
315,6 k€ / 17 person months / VTT Processes
Fission product gas and aerosol particle control (FIKSU),
98,2 k€ /10,5 person months / VTT Processes
Emergency preparedness supporting studies (OTUS),
50 k€ /4,5 person months / VTT Processes
Archiving experiment data (KOETAR),
60 k€ / 6 person months / Lappeenranta University of Technology
Condensation pool experiments (POOLEX),
152,5 k€ / 15 person months / Lappeenranta University of Technology
24
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
4. Automation, control room and information technology
Automation
Requirements engineering
Qualification process
Design evaluation
Lifetime management
Control roomChanges in control room work
Verification and validation process
Human system interaction (interface design)
ITReference model for the work processes
Configuration and requirements management
Knowledge and information management
25
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR projects in 2003
4. Automation, control room and information technology
Interaction approach to development of control rooms (IDEC),
140 k€ /12 person months / VTT Industrial Systems
Application Possibilities of Systematic Requirements Management in the Improvement of Nuclear Safety in Finland (APSREM),
50 k€ / 3,8 person months / RAMSE Consulting
26
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
5. Organisations and safety management
understandingculturalaspects
implementationof
changes
changesin
age structure
improvedproductivity& efficiency
developmentof
technology
changingproceduresand habits
maintainingknowledge
and expertise
managementand
decision making
work loadand
wearout
bringing newtechnology
into operation
preventingroutineeffects
Theoreticaldevelopment
Practicalproblems
Pressurefor change
27
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR projects in 2003
5.Organisations and safety management
Organisational culture and management of change (CULMA),
205,7 k€ / 17 person moths / VTT Industrial Systems
28
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
6. Risk-informed safety management
Development of risk analysisDevelopment of risk analysis
Level 1 PSA:plant design
Level 1 PSA:plant design
Level 1 PSA:plant operation
Level 1 PSA:plant operation
Level 2 PSA: severeaccident management
Level 2 PSA: severeaccident management
Fire safetyand risk analysis
Fire safetyand risk analysis
Dynamic reliability and risk models
Risk-informedmaintenance strategies
Structural reliabilityand failure models
Cost-benefit evaluations in design, operation and monitoring
Multidisciplinary, risk-informed practices involving different technical areas
Multidisciplinary risk analysis related to plant lifetime
Risk analysisof external effects
Risk analysisof external effects
29
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR projects in 2003
6. Risk-informed safety management
Potential of Fire Spread (POTFIS),
158 k€ / 12 person months / VTT Building and Transport
Principles and Practices of Risk-Informed Safety MAnagement (PPRISMA).
258,55 k€ / 24,4 person months / VTT Industrial Systems
30
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR – The Education
SAFIR is an important forum for education of SAFIR is an important forum for education of nuclear experts in Finlandnuclear experts in Finland
Education takes place via research work in the Education takes place via research work in the SAFIR projectsSAFIR projects
Education is a continuous processEducation is a continuous processNew experts into the nuclear field - largely via tutoring by the old experts
New challenging tasks for the old experts – old experts have to acquire new skills
31
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
SAFIR 2003 – The Network
SAFIR is a forum for information exchange and SAFIR is a forum for information exchange and link between researchers and organisations:link between researchers and organisations:
some 130 persons involved in the research work in the projects of SAFIR
80 persons from safety authority STUK, utilities Fortum and TVO, VTT, universities and other organisations involved in the quidance of research via the steering group and six reference groups (meeting 3-4 times annually)
32
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
6 Reference Groups
1. Reactorfuel & core
2. Reactor circuitand structuralsafety
3. Containmentand processsafety functions
4. Automation,control room
& IT
5. Organisationsand safety
management
6. Risk-informedsafety management
ad hoc-ryhmätad hoc-ryhmätad hoc-ryhmätad hoc-ryhmätad hocgroups
Steeringgroup
33
SAFIR
SAFIR Safety of nuclear power plants Finnish national research programme 2003-2006
VTT’s role in SAFIR
VTT Processes has been selected as the VTT Processes has been selected as the coordination unit for the period 2002-2004coordination unit for the period 2002-2004
VTT is the main/responsible partner in 15 out of VTT is the main/responsible partner in 15 out of the 19 research projects in 2003the 19 research projects in 2003
VTT has a key role in the funding of SAFIR for VTT has a key role in the funding of SAFIR for 2003 with some 1 million € 2003 with some 1 million €
VTT’s research units decide independently on their funding in SAFIR and the direction of the funding within SAFIR