Safety Training Final

8/8/2019 Safety Training Final

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/safety-training-final 1/38

Work Safety in

CuttingWelding



What is?????

Welding: Joining two pieces of metal by the

use of heat, pressure, or both

Cutting: Metal cutting by heating the metalwith a flame and directing a stream of pureoxygen along the line to be cut



Welding

Arc Welding

Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)

Metal Inert Gas (MIG) Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG)

Plasma Arc Welding (PAW)

Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)

And Many More..more than 80 in all



Arc Welding

A fusion process for

joining metals. Through

the application of

intense heat, the metalsat the joint intermix

(often with a filler

material) to create a

metallurgical bond asstrong as the original

two metals.



Applications and Environment

Arc welding is performed whenever an

extremely strong metal bond is needed:

± Construction

± Maintenance

± Manufacturing

Arc welding is performed in all

environments:

± Indoors / Outdoors

± Extreme Heights

± Confined Spaces

± Underwater



Arc Welding Components

Arc Welding requires

five main pieces of

equipment:

± Electrode

± Electrode Holder

± Electrode Cable

± Welding Machine (AC or

DC)

± Work Cable



Dangers of Welding

Most fatalities that

occur while welding fall

into below categories:

± Electrocution

± Fire / Explosions

± ± Fumes and gasesFumes and gases

± ± Confined spacesConfined spaces

± ± Radiation exposureRadiation exposure

± Falls

Welding and cutting are hazardous activities ... The

risk from fatal injuries alone is more than four deaths

per 1,000 workers over a working lifetime.

- OSHA Safety and Health Topics

http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/weldingcuttingbrazing/index.html



Electric shockElectric shockTwo kinds of electric shock: primary voltageTwo kinds of electric shock: primary voltage

shock and secondary voltageshock and secondary voltage shockshock

Primary voltage shock involves 230 or 460 voltsPrimary voltage shock involves 230 or 460 volts

and is caused by touching both the lead insideand is caused by touching both the lead inside

the welding equipment and the weldingthe welding equipment and the welding

equipment case or other grounded metal whileequipment case or other grounded metal while

the equipment is powered ONthe equipment is powered ON

Secondary voltage shock involves 60 to 100Secondary voltage shock involves 60 to 100

watts and is caused by touching a part of thewatts and is caused by touching a part of the

electrode circuit and the side of the weldingelectrode circuit and the side of the welding

circuit.circuit.

Types of Welding HazardsTypes of Welding Hazards



Fires and explosionsFires and explosions

The welding process can produce extremeThe welding process can produce extreme heat.heat.

HoweverHowever, fire hazards are not caused by the heat but by, fire hazards are not caused by the heat but by

the effect of the heat on thethe effect of the heat on the work piecework piece, such as sparks, such as sparksand moltenand molten metal.metal.

Keep the work area and all surrounding areas free of Keep the work area and all surrounding areas free of

combustible items.combustible items.

Be cautious when working in dusty areas where sparks

and dust particles can easily oxidize without warning,

which can result in a flash fire or an

explosion.

Types of Welding Hazards (continued)Types of Welding Hazards (continued)



How to avoid FiresHow to avoid Fires andand explosions..explosions..

Do the following to protect from fire and

explosions:

Always know where the fire exits and fire

extinguishers are located.

If welding within 35 feet of a combustible object,

utilize a fire watcher, who can watch for landingsparks.




Fumes and gasesFumes and gases

Fumes contain particles from base metal and baseFumes contain particles from base metal and base

metal coatingmetal coating

Effects from fumes are normally temporaryEffects from fumes are normally temporarySymptoms caused by shortSymptoms caused by short--term exposure to fumes canterm exposure to fumes can

include burning eyes, burning skin, dizziness, nausea, andinclude burning eyes, burning skin, dizziness, nausea, and

fever.fever.

LongLong--term exposure to fumes can causeterm exposure to fumes can cause siderosissiderosis

(which are iron deposits in the lungs) and can affect(which are iron deposits in the lungs) and can affect

pulmonary function.pulmonary function.





Zinc fumes can cause metal fume fever, which is aZinc fumes can cause metal fume fever, which is a

temporary illness similar to the flu.temporary illness similar to the flu.

CadmiumCadmium fumes can cause symptoms similar to metalfumes can cause symptoms similar to metalfumefume fever. Howeverfever. However, it can be fatal, even under brief , it can be fatal, even under brief

exposure.exposure.

When shielding gases are released into the air, they canWhen shielding gases are released into the air, they can

cause dizziness, unconsciousness, and even death if cleancause dizziness, unconsciousness, and even death if clean

oxygen is withheld for a long enough period.oxygen is withheld for a long enough period.UV radiation forms gases when it hits the air, which canUV radiation forms gases when it hits the air, which can

cause headaches, chest pains, eyecause headaches, chest pains, eye irritation,andirritation,and itchinessitchiness

in the nose and throat.in the nose and throat.

Fumes and gasesFumes and gases (continued)(continued)



Do the following to protect from fume and gas exposureDo the following to protect from fume and gas exposure::

Ensure adequate ventilation in the work area.Ensure adequate ventilation in the work area.

Wear appropriate personal protectiveWear appropriate personal protective equipmentequipment,, suchsuch asas

aa respirator.respirator.

Read material safety data sheets beforeRead material safety data sheets before beginning workbeginning work toto

learnlearn what fumes can bewhat fumes can be potentially releasedpotentially released..

Familiarize yourself with the metals that areFamiliarize yourself with the metals that are being usedbeing used

toto determine if a paint or coating candetermine if a paint or coating can causecause toxictoxic fumesfumesoror gases.gases.

If symptoms of dizziness, headache, or nausea occur, turnIf symptoms of dizziness, headache, or nausea occur, turn

off the welding equipment, notify supervisors andoff the welding equipment, notify supervisors and

coworkers, and get fresh air immediately.coworkers, and get fresh air immediately.


How to avoid FumesHow to avoid Fumes andand gasesgases



Confined spacesConfined spaces

Examples of confined spaces include a boiler, tank, orExamples of confined spaces include a boiler, tank, or

hold of a ship where all the welding hazards are amplified,hold of a ship where all the welding hazards are amplified,such as insufficient ventilation, fume and gas exposure, andsuch as insufficient ventilation, fume and gas exposure, and

chances of fire or explosion.chances of fire or explosion.




Safety for working in Confined spacesSafety for working in Confined spaces


Do the following to protect yourself when working inDo the following to protect yourself when working in

confined spacesconfined spaces::

Follow all the safety requirements for Entry in to theFollow all the safety requirements for Entry in to theconfined spaces.confined spaces.

MakeMake sure your body is insulated from thesure your body is insulated from the work piecework piece

and ground.and ground.

WearWear dry gloves.dry gloves.

UseUse only a wellonly a well--insulated electrode holder.insulated electrode holder.

VerifyVerify that there is sufficient ventilation.that there is sufficient ventilation.

AlwaysAlways make sure there is a trained person outsidemake sure there is a trained person outside thethe

confined space at all times to disconnect power andconfined space at all times to disconnect power and pullpull

the welder out if a dangerous situation occurs.the welder out if a dangerous situation occurs.




FallsFalls

Examine the workspace

prior to commencing any

work to identify possible

hazards

Always properly tie-off

when welding from heights



Safe components for Safe Welding

Manual Electrode Holders:

Only use electrode holders specifically designed

to safely handle the maximum rated current

required

Make sure all current carrying parts are well

insulated



Welding Cables and Connectors:

± All welding cables should be well insulated

± Repairs or splices must be at least 10ft from the

electrode. Splices made closer must have the

same insulating quality as the cable.

10 Min.

Repair or splice




Use substantial insulating material at splices or connectors

Cables in need of repair can

not be used

Splice




Ground Returns and Machine Grounding:

Ground cables must be able to carry the specified

maximum current capacity

Do not use pipes carrying flammable gases, flammable

liquids, or electric wires as a ground

Ground Wire

Flammable Gases / Liquids

Electrical Wiring




Frame of welding machine must also be grounded

Ground must be able to break fuse

Ground connections must be strong and adequate

Must Also be Grounded




Operating Procedures:

When left unattended, remove electrodes and place away

from conductive materials

Never place hot electrode holders in water

Hot

ElectrodeHolder

Safe Procedures for Safe Welding



Turn off welding machine when left unattended or when

moving

Use shielding screens if possible

Safe Procedures for Safe Welding



Personal Protective Equipment

Wear the appropriate PPE

for the job:

Eye Protection

Burn Protection

Inhalation Protection



Cutting

The most common cutting processes are:

Oxygen Cutting

Arc Cutting



Oxygen (Gas) Cutting

Metal is heated by gas flame and an oxygen jet

does the cutting.



Applications and Environment

Gas Cutting is performed

whenever a metal has tobe cut as needed:

Construction

Maintenance

Manufacturing

Gas Cutting is performed

both indoor as well as

out door environments



Gas Cutting Components

Gas Cutting requires

following main pieces

of equipment:

Oxygen/ Fuel CuttingRig

Oxygen/ Fuel Regulator

Oxygen/ Fuel Hose

Cutting Torch

Spark Lighter

Suitable nozzle/ tip

Flash back arrestors



Oxygen/ Acetylene Cutting Torch

Safety Hazards Most incidents that occur

while Cutting fall into below

categories:

Working Pressure GaugeFailure

Cracked Acetylene Hose

Improper storage of Oxygen/

Acetylene Cutting Torch Improper use/ storage of Improper use/ storage of

cylinderscylinders



Dos& Donts of Oxygen (Gas) Cutting



Safe procedures for safe Oxygen (Gas)

Cutting

Make sure regulators are tight.

Never use oily rags around cylinders and

regulators.

Check hoses for leaks before lighting the torch.

Make sure regulators are at proper settings.

15 psi max. acetylene 40 psi max. oxygen

Be sure to completely shut down the cutting

torch when the job is completed.

Ventilate work areas adequately.



Safe procedures for safe Oxygen (Gas)

Cutting

Personnel Safety

Wear flame resistant clothing,

protective gloves, sleeves, aprons

and safety shoes to protect skinand clothing from sparks and slag.

Keep collars, sleeves and pockets

buttoned.

DO NOT

roll up sleeves or cuff pants.



Please Remember



THANK U

Safety Training Final

Documents

Transcript of Safety Training Final