Safety Requirements & Behavior

Based Safety for Power Plants

1

Fatal

30 Lost

Time injuries

300 Medical

Treatment Injuries

3000

Near - Misses or First Aid

30000 Hazards

• Unsafe acts and Employee created

• Unsafe conditions

Worker slips on the oil, fall and hits

head on pump and dies

Worker slips on the oil, fall &

breaks hip

Worker slips on the

Oil, turns/twists his ankle

Worker slips on the

Oil, regains balance

Small oil leak at a

pump operator

does not clean up

To fix the

Top

Work at the

bottom

The Hazards Pyramid

The Cardinal rules we have to bear in

mind always

• Do not override or interfere with any safety provision nor allow

anyone else to override or interfere with them

• Personal Protective equipment (PPE) rules , applicable to a

given task, must be adhered to at all times.

• Isolation & lock out procedure must always be followed

• No persons may work if under the influence of alcohol or drugs

• All injuries & incidents must be reported / recorded

SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

1. Training

Adequate theoretical & practical to understand operations

involved & precautions/safety aspects relevant to the job.

To become proficient in the job.

To carry out operations safely.

2. USE OF CORRECT TOOLS AND

PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS

Essential to use the correct tools.

Ensure appropriate protective gear & protective guards

to be placed in machinery.

To check its proper function.

Keep always in readiness.

3. WORK PROCEDURE

Requirement is to develop in writing a detail procedure for ensuring safe & efficient job.

To implement scrupulously by individual without any deviation.

Precautions that need to be observed.

Specialized tools to be used.

Protective equipment to be used.

Parameters to be observed.

Variations permitted.

Results expected.

Latest revised procedure to be available for use.

4. JOB SUPERVISION

All important jobs should be assigned to experienced & competent persons.

Who have clear understanding of work involved, prerequisite to be complied, precautions to be taken, necessary isolations of equipment involved.

Steps to prevent unintended or premature start up of equipment.

Ensure employment of adequate trained man power.

Make available requisite & appropriate tools & spares.

Have proper approved procedure to use

Adherence to procedure in proper sequence

Provide updated status to his reliever.

5. QUALITY ASSURANCE

Ensure safety & reliability in all activities.

Establish procedural controls.

Ensure that relevant knowledge exists in right

hands.

6. FORMAL REPORTING AND REVIEW OF

INCIDENTS

To ensure the availability of complete information necessary for deriving the maximum benefit for future use.

OBSERVE THE FOLLOWING

1. Sequence of events prior to & post incidents.

2. Mal-operation, if any, faithfully reported.

3. Operation & maintenance staff should be encouraged

without fear of punishment to report facts.

4. Consequence of incident i.e. damaged equipment or

injury to personnel.

5. Action taken after the incident to restore normalcy.

7. SAFETY EDUCATION

To bring an awareness on the hazards & risks

involved.

It should be on-going continuous education,

mutual discussion, safety lectures,

demonstration on safety equipment.

Behavior Based Safety &

Safety Observations

Injuries and Incidents Do Not Have to

Happen . . .

A new on-the-job

injury or illness

case every

SEVEN seconds

Only Zero Tolerance is Acceptable

Each day 16 people will not die

in a work-related accident.

Each year over 4 million people

will not be hurt or made ill in

private industry.

Families and communities will

prosper.

No physical pain, no deep

emotional anguish for the worker’s

family, no negative talk about your

organization in the community.

Do you have the fundamentals in place

that will form a solid foundation for

any safety program?

Safety Values & Principles

Safety and Health

Environmental stewardship

Highest ethical behavior

Respect for people

Line managers are

accountable for the safety

performance of their

employees.

Working safely is a condition

of employment.

Employees must receive

appropriate training.

Core values are the

cornerstone of who you are

and what you stand for.

Principles are the ways

you live your values day

by day.

An Integrated Safety Management System

Safety

Management

System

Leadership

Structure

Process &

Action

Visible, demonstrated commitment

Clear, meaningful policies and principles

Challenging goals and plans

High standards of performance

Line management accountability

Supportive safety staff

Integrated committee structure

Performance measurement and progressive motivation

Thorough investigations and follow-up

Effective audits and re-evaluation

Effective communication processes

Safety management skills

Safety Excellence Requires A Culture Shift

Involvement / Ownership by All Employees

• Management Commitment

• Condition of Employment

• Fear/Discipline

• Rules/Procedures

• Supervisor Control, Emphasis, and Goals

• Value All People

• Training

• Personal Knowledge, Commitment, & Standards

• Internalization

• Personal Value

• Care for Self

• Practice, Habits

• Individual Recognition

• Help Others Conform

• Others’ Keeper

• Networking Contributor

• Care for Others

• Organizational Pride

• Safety by Natural Instinct

• Compliance is the Goal

• Delegated to Safety Manager

• Lack of Management Involvement

Dependent Independent Reactive Interdependent

Behavior Based Audits

…Where do our injuries come from?

Unsafe Acts 96%

Cause of Injuries

Unsafe Conditions 4%

HAZARDS Unsafe Acts

Employee Created Unsafe Conditions

NEAR-MISSES OR FIRST AID

RECORDABLE INJURIES

MAJORS

FATAL

Injuries: A Matter of Probabilities

Auditing for Safety

Focuses attention on safety.

Shows how well safety is understood and applied.

Shows where systems are working well.

Helps identify weaknesses in systems.

Helps clarify your safety standards.

Raises awareness of safety issues.

Identifies where people take risks.

Prevents injuries.

But - does NOT try to catch people doing something wrong!

Gaining Commitment

Skills Required

Noticing:

Unsafe acts

Safe work practices

Unsafe conditions

Unsafe situations

Talking about:

Safe practices

Unsafe acts

Unsafe situations

Other safety issues

...for conducting effective Safety Audits

…help sharpen & sort observations

Observation Categories

Reactions of people

Positions of people

Personal protective equipment

Tools and equipment

Procedures

Orderliness standards

Why are people reluctant to

approach another person

around safe and unsafe

behavior?

Contacting Someone Working Safely

Start with a positive comment.

Engage the employee in conversation.

End with thanks.

1. Observe; then contact.

2. Comment on safe behavior.

3. Discuss

Consequences of unsafe act.

Safer ways to do the job.

If you comment...

– Express your concern.

– Focus on effects, not acts.

If you question...

– Question to explore.

– Question to learn, not to teach.

When Someone Is Working Unsafely

... a framework for the Audit Discussion

4. Get agreement to work safely. 4. Get agreement to work safely.

1. Observe; then contact.

2. Comment on safe behavior.

3. Discuss Consequences of unsafe act.

Safer ways to do the job.

5. Discuss other safety issues.

6. Thank the employee.

... a framework for the Audit Discussion

When Someone Is Working Unsafely

The Benefits of Safety Excellence

Improves business performance while protecting the lives of

employees and contract workers

Enhances existing business practices, including environmental

and health processes

Increases productivity while decreasing operating costs

Helps protect brand and public image

Leverages current strengths of your organization

The Role of Senior Leadership

“Leadership is infinitely more important

than policy, for the leader through his or

her actions and decisions sends clear

messages to the organization which

policies are important and which are not.”

— Dr. Dan Petersen

Safety Excellence

You will achieve the level of safety

excellence that

YOU

DEMONSTRATE

YOU

WANT

Making Contact

Ask if this is a safe and convenient time

Open on a personal note

Explain what you are doing

Recognize positives

Ask what the major hazards are

Are hazard controls in place / working well

Communicate observed opportunities

Coach substandard actions if necessary

Close on a positive note

Practice

Practice

Practice

Summary

You get what you DEMONSTRATE you want

Time and Emphasis varies by leadership level

Status,Rituals,Emblems of Success and Taboos create the

culture

Safety progresses in stages

You have many opportunities to lead

“ Just do it!”

Thank You