Safety Guidelines Large Commercial Fishing Vessels

8/2/2019 Safety Guidelines Large Commercial Fishing Vessels

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SAFE

TYGUIDELINESFORLARGECOM

MERCIALFISHING

VESSELS

SAFETYGUIDELINESFOR LARGE COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS


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Although all due care and diligence has been used i n compiling this publication, no warranty is given as to the application of this material in any specic case

FishSAFE encourages the distribution

of this material freely provided that

acknowledgement is given as to the source


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06SAFETY GUIDELINES FOR LARGE COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS

There is no harsher natural environment than the sea: there are very few industries where people are

required to work heavy machinery on a platform that is wet and continually moving. These factors make itone of the most physically demanding and dangerous occupations. Sadly, the accident statistics support

this fact.

In this section you will find out about the emergency procedures and emergency equipment that should be on every vessel.

The section covers what to do to prevent emergencies:

If there is a fire on board

When someone falls overboard

When someone is injured on board

If there is a flood on board

If you have to abandon ship If you have to make a MAYDAY call

if there is a refrigerant gas leak.

Regular emergency drills will help all crew members to know what to do if something goes wrong.

Preventing emergencies

Many accidents and injuries can be avoided, or their effects reduced through the professionalism of the vessels management andcrew.

Everyone should do what they can to:

Keep the vessel in good working condition.

Do your housekeeping - this means

- Keep things tidy on deck and below deck

- Know where items should be stored and keep them there

- Secure loose items

- Stow things in the correct containers

Make sure safety gear is easy to get at, and in excellent condition.

Report any problems or gear defects to the skipper

1.1 General PreventionStrategies


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SAFETY GUIDELINES FOR LARGE COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS07

FOR SKIPPERS

Always discuss safety matters with crew. Formal safety committees are not compulsory, but good

communication on safety matters is.

Every crewmember must be encouraged to give feedback and to report defects.

Do pre-sailing safety checks every time you sail.

Follow the Safe Ship Management (SSM) programme on board.

Encourage the crew to attend first aid, fire-fighting, survival and emergency training for crew.

Conduct regular safety exercises and discussions while at sea.Practice is essential to be prepared.

Insist on safe working standards at all times

1.1

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS

Maritime Rules Part 23 lists Operating Procedures and Training designed to cope with emergencysituations or prevent such situations occurring.

The HSE Act requires every employer shall take all practical steps to ensure the safety ofemployees while at work.

The HSE Act also requires the participation of employees in processes relating to health andsafety.


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Muster station simply refers to an assembly point that every crewmember knows to go to on hearing the vessels emergency alarm.It is at this point that people are given details of what type of emergency exists and then carry out the action required of them

A muster list is an emergency duties list and is displayed in a prominent position on a vessel detailing what duties each

crewmember has in the event of an emergency. These should be displayed where crew will see it often.

Everyone should: Know and follow the muster procedures

1.2What happens in anemergency? - Muster Stations

FV DASH - ABANDON SHIP/

GENERAL MUSTER LIST

ALARM5 short and long blasts of the general alarm

ORDER TO ABANDON SHIPThe order to abandon the ship will be given verbally by the Master

PORT STARBOARD

FOR SKIPPERS

Things you must do

Place copies of the muster list in prominentpositions on the vessel.

An example of a muster list for a factory vessel isshown on the following page.

Other things you should do to keep your crew upto speed

Have drills or practices when they are not expected.

Change crew duties aroundbetween trips so they becomefamiliar with all duties andcrew get into the habit of

checking the muster list.

Put a copy of the muster list inthe mess or on the back of the

toilet door where the crewwill tend to read it.

Always initiate the drillwith the actual alarm.

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS

Maritime Rules 23.29 requires all vessels to have amuster list.

Maritime Rules 23.18 requires that copies of themuster list are exhibited in conspicuous places

throughout the ship, including: the navigatingbridge; the engine room if there is space; and crewaccommodation spaces.

The HS&E Act Part 2 requires everyemployer shall take all practicalsteps to ensure the safety ofemployees while at work.

The HS&E Act Part 2 alsorequires the participation of

employees in processes relatingto health and safety.

MUSTER POINTCrew on watch Proceed directly to their muster stationCrew off watch Wear warm clothes, footwear and the

survival suits that are situated near to themuster station

LIFERAFT NUMBER 2 LIFERAFT NUMBER 1

O.I.C. Mike O.I.C. AllanSART Dave VHF JeremyEPIRB Mary E.R. Nathan

Richard NadineTania RhondaKarl SamMatt Matt


O.I.C. Wayne O.I.C. EliVHF. Shaun FLARES Steve

Emma SioneIan JoshRewi TureiSteven EmmaScott Graham


O.I.C. Chris O.I.C. TommyBlake FloydWiremu AndreRachel TawiraAndre MahiSosaia RatuKaren Taumarena

LOcATION OF EMERGENcy EqUIPMENT

O.I.C. OfcerInCommandVHF Radio located in bridgeEPIRB 406 EPIRB located on top of the bridgeSART Radar transponder located on the bridgeE.R. Emergency SSB radio located on the bridgeFLARES Located in the bridge

EACH O.I.C. MUST DO A HEAD COUNT FOR HIS LIFERAFT ANDREPORT TO THE MASTER

ONE-SIDE LAUNcHINGIf a situation arises where liferafts can only be launched from oneside, liferafts 1&2, 3&4, 5&6 will combine. You will be told which sideliferafts will be launched from

ONE-SIDE LAUNcHING Crew in liferafts 2, 4 & 6 should muster at the port muster station Crew in liferafts 1, 3 & 5 should muster at the starboard muster station Crew must proceed to their muster stations in an orderly fashion. When boarding liferafts, experienced crew are to assist crew that are

not so experienced.


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09

1.3 Emergency Training

FOR SKIPPERS

The crew are the only people who can deal with an emergency at sea. Emergencies will be rare if the vessel is well maintainedand well operated. As these situations do not occur often it is difficult for the crew to react quickly when they do, unless they havepractised (having conducted regular training exercises!).

Emergency training is practising safety drills on board the vessel while it is at sea.

Ideally, these are done at any time, but are easier when the vessel is not fishing but on the way to, between or from the fishinggrounds.

This exercising, or practising, develops familiarity. Familiarity saves time.

In an emergency at sea you dont have time to think!

Practise the drills and you will react quickly in a real emergency.

Things you must do on board

Develop and use a training exercise programme onboard.

Practice all drills regularly and often even thesimple ones.

Conduct basic muster stations and man overboarddrills at the earliest opportunity after leaving porteach trip, especially if new crewmembers are onboard.

You must keep a record of all training and exercisesthat you undertake. A simple matrix as shown on thenext page can be constructed and used for this. All

safe ship management manuals should have similarrecord forms in them.

Other things you can do to increase your survival odds

Never assume everyone remembers or already knows.

Conduct exercises for different emergency circumstances in different areas of the vessel each time.

Talk through the use of the emergency gear used during each exercise.

Never let your crew talk you out of doing an exercise. Yes they have done them before, yes they canbe boring, but they must be done!

Use the exercises to check your equipment. Operate hydrant valves to confirm they are notseized. Check hoses arent perished. Check extinguishers are within the expiration date.

Work through what if scenarios with the crew after an exercise.

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS

Under the HSE Act Section 13 regulations, employers must ensure staff are trained adequately andreceive adequate supervision.

Maritime Rules Part 23 requires all fishing vessels that these guidelines were developed for, to have at

least one fire exercise and one abandon ship drill per month. Maritime Rules Part 23 also requires the skipper of the vessel to ensure crew are familiar with their

duties and the use of emergency equipment.

SAFETY GUIDELINES FOR LARGE COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS


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10

1.3

TRAINING REcORD

Name:

A training and drill record like that above should be in your SSM Manual.

If you make the effort to do the exercises, it just takes a fraction more time to initial and date the record!

Rank:

ReviewDate

Name of Training StartingDate

CompletionDate

Signature ofthe Instructor

Remarks

DRILL REcORD

Vessel: Date:

Personnel Involved in the Drill:

Drill Type:

EfciencyofCrewResponse:

ProblemsIdentiedandAnySuggestedImprovements:

ConditionandEfciencyofEquipmentInspectedTestedwhenusedDuringtheDrill:

Signature of Master: Reviewed By MSM: Review Date:



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11

1.4 Fire on BoardFire on board a vessel at sea (or alongside) is extremely serious.Fire can spread quickly and smoke becomes very intense veryquickly. This makes fire-fighting harder.

Fires can start anywhere on a vessel. They most often start inthe galley or in the engine room.

Check Section 2 for more detail about how to fight fires on board.

You cannot share a vessel with a large fire!

Raise the alarm: shout FIRE or sound the alarm.

Attempt to put out fire using a portable fire extinguisher only if itis safe to do so.

Stop all ventilation. Turn off the fans.

If unsuccessful:

Get out, close up the compartment and wait for the fire party.

Shut off all power and fuel supplies to the compartment on fire(if possible).

Activate fixed fire extinguishing system.

Close all openings, doors, vents to the compartment. Keep eyeout for smoke coming out and block holes so the fire is starved

of oxygen. Protect the lifeboats and liferafts from the fire.

Dampen hot spots on external bulkheads and on the deckabove the compartment on fire to stop the spread. Use watersparingly to avoid creating a stability problem due to freesurface water.

Prepare to abandon ship.

Note

More specific fire-fighting information is in Section 2 ofthese guidelines.



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1.5 Man OverboardA crewmember can fall into the sea at any time while working on afishing vessel - not only during rough weather.

The waters your vessel works in are cold. A crewmember in the

water can get hypothermia within minutes.

If the person is unconscious when they fall in to the water, theymight not be able to keep their head above the water. It will be evenharder if they are not a wearing a personal floatation device.

All lifesaving equipment must be stored in an area that is readilyaccessible.

In all cases, it is important to:

Recover the person as fast as you can!

What to do if you hear or see someone fall overboard

Immediately throw a floatation device into the water. The best thing to use is a life ring, lifejacket or anything else within reach thatwill assist the person to stay afloat. At night, throw in a light or reflective item as well. Other items, such as cardboard, can be used

to mark the spot if necessary.

Raise the alarm: yell man overboard!

The person on watch in the wheelhouse must mark the position of the boat and/or hit the Man Overboard switch on the GPS.

Keep pointing at the person in the water.

Keep an eye on the flotation device and the person in the water and guide the wheelhouse back to them without taking your eyes offthem

Carefully manoeuvre the vessel alongside (upwind) of the person.

Recover the person being careful not to be pulled into the water yourself. Get person warm, and conduct CPR if required immediately.

Radio for assistance if required.

What to do if someone is missing

Mark your position and start retracing your track.

Raise a MAYDAY call immediately so other vessels in area can assist.

Good practices on board

Wear a floatation device when you are working on the weather deck. Do this all the time - not just in bad weather.

Ensure life rings and other safety devices are easy to get to at all times.

Never go out on deck without telling anyone

Make sure you know your duty on the man overboard duty list. An example of such a list is below.

FOR SKIPPERS

Conduct regular exercises by throwing something into the water to recover.

Make sure at least two crew know how to manoeuvre the vessel. It may be the skipper in the water.

Position life rings near the main work areas and near the wheelhouse.



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13

1.5

Dont become a statistic!Drowning is the most common cause of death to NewZealand fishermen.

Always wear a lifejacket or personal flotation device.

So get up with the play! Be safe!

F/V DASH - MAN OVERBOARD DUTy LIST

Whenthealarmisraised,ifyouhavenotbeenassignedaspecicduty

you should proceed to the starboard trawl deck, dressed in clothesappropriate for the conditions, you will probably be needed to assist orsubstitute for a designated person.

All crew must be aware of the procedures in a MOB situationAll crew assigned tasks must go to their respective duty stations,whether on watch or not

DESIGNATED DUTIES 1300 - 1900 shift 0700 - 1300 shift

Bridge Mike Al

Boat Crew Hamish & Jeremy Wayne & Matt

Bridge alert / general

assist

Lookout Ian & Richard Wiremu & Josh

Davit operators Karl Steve

Lookout to bridge for Floyd & Blake Scott & Andre

VHF and binoculars

Runner for rescue Taumarena Mary

equipment to boat

Factory supervisors - Nathan & Shaun Nathan & Shaun

Engineer alert then

report to bridge



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Good practice:

keep scuppers clear at all times

keep your bilges pumped.

On discovering flooding:

Raise the alarm!

Start the pumps.

If you are the wheelhouse watchkeeper send a radio message to nearbyvessels or ashore. After you have done that you can go to assist. Thingsmay deteriorate quickly once you are assisting and you may not getanother chance to get a message off.

Turn vessel towards shallower water or port. Consider beaching thevessel.

Attempt to stem the flow of water by shutting valves, or blocking the hole.

If the pumps are out of action, get-out and close compartment. Do everything you can to reduce the free surface effect.

Look for holes leaking into adjoining compartments.

Consider stability effects of flooded compartment. You may need to transfer fuel or flood another compartment to counter the list ofthe vessel.

Prepare to abandon ship. Remain on the vessel for as long as it is safe to do so!

Key points to remember:

Keep watertight opening clips and dogs well greased and in good working order at all times.

Keep all bilge and portable pumps maintained. Check their operation before sailing each trip.

Make sure bilges are clear of rags and debris that may block pumps. When leaving the vessel, shut off all sea cocks that are not required for cooling running equipment.

Ensure your collision bulkhead or any other watertight bulkhead is not compromised by drilling holes to install cabling or pipe work.Make sure the appropriate through-bulkhead watertight gland or fitting is used.

1.6 FloodingFloods can occur through:

A collision

Structural failure. A broken service (cooling) pipe

A damaged hull fitting or gland.

Flooding can occur on a vessel because of an incident at sea. Flooding can also happen when a vessel is alongside.

There are a number of steps you can take to reduce the risk of flooding. There are also things you can do to reduce the damage that aflood would cause.

Flooding affects the stability of your vessel. You need to watch out for accumulation of water and understand the free surface effect ofloose water.

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When a compartment (eg: Fish hold) has water in it, that water is free to slop around. The surface of the water is called afree surface. When this water moves to one side, the weight of it moving will oppose the motion of the vessel and can causeit to heal over.

FREE SURFACE EFFECT



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15 SAFETY GUIDELINES FOR LARGE COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS

1.7 Abandon ShipAn emergency situation may be so bad that it is necessary to abandon the vessel in order to save the life of the crew. It is often adifficult decision that should not be made too early or left too late.

Someone who gets into the liferaft relatively dry, with warm clothing, food and water has a greater chance of survival. If you are

dealing with an emergency (fire or flooding) and it seems likely that you will have to abandon ship, the skipper should despatch onecrewmember to prepare to launch the raft and gather food, water, clothing and other things you need.

The order for Abandon ship must only be given by the skipperonce it is clear that continued presence on the vessel will be arisk to human life.

If there is time:

Radio a MAYDAY call giving vessels position.

Collect a portable radio.

Collect warm clothing and blankets.

If possible, activate EPIRB and tie to raft or to your person.

Collect food and water.

Gather extra flares.

Launch the lifeboat and/or the liferaft.

Use the liferaft painter line to activate inflation of the raft and pullit to the side of the vessel.

DO NOT LEAVE IT TOO LATE!

Once everyone is in the raft get it clear of the vessel Try to stay as dry as you can when you get into the raft. Beingdry helps prevent the onset of hypothermia.

Once the raft has been cleared as much as possible of water:

close all liferaft openings to reduce the chill

stream sea anchor to keep raft in vicinity of last knownposition of vessel

if the vessel is still afloat keep clear in case it tips over or amast falls

erect radar reflector sheets if fitted

take sea sickness tablets, even if you do not normally get sea

sick if unable to get into the raft dry squeeze the water out of your clothing and bail out as much water as soon as you can.

a. To right a capsized liferaft, grab the righting strip and pull. When it starts to right, you have to spring backward toavoid having the liferaft land on top of you


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1.7When there is no time to launch a liferaft

You will have to spend some time in the water until you arerescued or until the liferaft is hydrostatically released.

Swim clear of the vessel.

Once clear of vessel conserve energy.

Keep together and huddle together in water to maximise bodywarmth and make a bigger object for searchers to find.

If you are alone, pull your body into your chest as shown.

Keep talking to each other.

Watch out for the liferaft or other floating objects emergingfrom the water.

FOR SKIPPERS

Things you have to do during normal operations

Maritime Rules Part 23 requires that vessels conduct an abandon ship drill once a month.

Maritime Rules Part 23 requires the skipper to ensure all crew know where life saving equipment is kept and are trained how to

use it, regardless of how large the vessel is.

Maintenance points to remember:

Make sure liferafts are stowed properly. Rafts should float free once the hydrostatic release mechanism releases them. Thepainter line must be secured to the vessel (via a weak link) so the raft stays close until survivors board it

and cut the line.

Manual release mechanisms must be maintained to a high standard and readily accessible.

Keep all hydrostatic release mechanisms serviced or in date.

Make sure EPIRBs are stowed properly so they are free to float once the hydrostatic releasemechanism releases them.

Get posters showing deployment of liferaft and put around vessel in prominent positions. The supplierof the vessels raft should be willing to provide these to you.

Keep your liferafts in good condition.

Ensure the crew knows how to upright a liferaft. Display posters around vessel.

Encourage crew to do a survival course


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1.8 Emergency Contacts

You will find this notice near the vessel VHF radio. A MAYDAY message with this information initiates a response from the RescueCoordination Centre New Zealand (RCCNZ). They can then contact a range of organisations to get you the help you need.

You should also know the local frequencies of the NZ Coastguard. These are available from your local Coastguard or on theirwebsite: www.nzcoastguard.org.nz.

NZ COASTGUARD BASE LOCATION FREQUENCIES AVAILABLE ON

RCCNZ 24hr Accident and Emergency Phone Number:

0508 472 269

USE ONLY IF IN GRAVE OR IMMINENT DANGER

RADIODISTRESSCALLING

1 VHF Ch 16 or SSB 2182, 4125, 6215, 8291

2 MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY

3 THIS IS 3 TIMES

4 MAYDAY

5 Vessel s position in degrees and minutes of latitude and

longitude or bearings and distance relative to a well known

geographical feature.

6 Nature of distress and kind of assistance required.

7 Any other information which may assist rescuers number

of persons on board, description of vessel, liferaft, EPIRB.

8 Allow a short period for shore station to reply. Activate

your EPIRB and repeat the distress call working through

all the distress frequencies. If contact is made with shore

station, inform station that you have activated your EPIRB.

DO NOT TURN EPIRB OFFuntil toldto do so by rescue authority.

!

NAME OF VESSEL AND CALL SIGN

NAME OF VESSEL AND CALL SIGN


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Operating over fishing vessels presents a number of problems forthe helicopter pilot.

Rescue operations are often conducted in poor weather are

extremely dangerous.

Due to the dangers in heli-lifting persons directly off the vessel, if itis possible to transfer the person to shore first then conduct the liftfrom shore, this should be the first option.

Precautions to be aware of when requiring a transfer tohelicopter are:

Evacuate to shore wherever possible.

The crew on deck should be dressed as brightly as possible.They should wear safety goggles.

The crew should stay out of the way until the helicopter is in

position.

Select the position where the transfer is to take place i.e. theposition from where an injured person is to be winched up from.This may not necessarily be the largest deck area but will be thebest location regarding the proximity of high obstructions (i.e.masts, gantries, derricks etc).

Clear the evacuation area of any lose bit of debris or equipmentthat may be sucked up into the helicopters engine.

On the sighting of the helicopter set of a smoke flare to highlightyour location and indicate the wind direction to the pilot.

Operating withHelicopters1.9


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1.9

Maintain radio communication with the helicopter.

Never attach anything to the helicopter before the pilot givesapproval to do so.

Remember the pilot may not be able to see the load and mayneed some guidance.

If the rescue is to be done at night the pilot will be accustomedto the darkness. Avoid turning on very bright lighting.

Know the signals to communicate with the helicopter from thedeck.


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Fire is very dangerous for vessels at sea. Fishing vessels use and carry lots of things that can cause fires.Once a fire starts on board a fishing vessel at sea it can be very hard to put out. You need to do everythingyou can to keep your vessel afloat and seaworthy.

In this section you will find out:

What can cause fires

How to prevent fires from starting

How to fight fires safely and effectively.

Every vessel should have regular fire drills. Practising what you have to do is the best way to remember it.

Important points for all crew

Know and look out for fire risks.

Know what fire equipment is held on board.

Know where all fire-fighting equipment is held onboard.

Know how and when to use all the fighting equipment.

Know how to contain a fire on board.

Know the effects of fire-fighting water on stability.

Know your role in fighting a fire on board.

Flammable hazards - on board every vessel at sea there are a large number of flammable hazards.These include:

Things that can ignite or start the fire

Heat and sparks from electrical switches, motors, tools and leads

Cooker flames

Sparks from grinding and welding

Generators

Cigarettes and matches or lighters

Things that can give the fire fuel to burn

Diesel fuel

Gas

Cleaning chemicals

Rags with oil or chemicals on them

Hydraulic oil

Do not smoke inside!

When smoking outside, only use designated smoking areas.

2.1Fire Prevention& Fire Safety

A flammable hazard is something that could ignite a fire,or something that burns easy


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2.2 General Fire Prevention

There are two main things you can do on board a vessel to prevent fires:

Keep the vessel tidy - good housekeeping is important

Everyone on board must think ahead and try to identify fire risks during normal day to day operation of the vessel.

Here are some specific flammable hazards to look out for. On every vessel, there will be other fire risks that are not on thislist. Think carefully about your vessel and any other things you can do to prevent fires.

Diesel & petrol fuel and lubricating oils

ensure no one smokes on board the vessel when takingon fuel

make sure all leaks in pipe-lines, fittings and on enginesare repaired immediately

store flammable products separately and tidily.

Hydraulic oil

make sure all leaks in pipe-lines and fittings are repaired atthe earliest opportunity after they are discovered

regularly check hoses for deterioration.

LP Gas -

Some vessels have LPG bottles for sonic bird cannons to scare birds.

Ensure bottles are stowed in an area that they are least likely to be damaged.

Gas bottles must be installed on the exposed weatherdeck. Salt air and water will corrode thebottles, so it is best to keep them protected.

Ensure there is good ventilation to stop fumes building up.

Regularly check hoses and fittings for deterioration.

Cooking fryers, elements and oils

Fires often start on board vessels in the galley. They can start when crewmembers leave

equipment turned on but leave the galley area. To reduce the risk of a galley fire:

Install timed switches on galley equipment so it will turn off if left unattended.

Ensure a smoke detector is fitted.

Do not leave the cooker unattended.

With gas bottles:

lock shut when leaving the vessel

store properly

fix leaks

protect the bottles.

HYDRAULIC


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Electrical switchboards and connections

On any vessel there are a range of control boxes, switches andsockets in areas exposed to physical damage.

Ensure the flameproof and waterproof enclosures are kept inexcellent physical condition.

Check regularly that contacts and connections inside arestill tight. Remember a vessel is continually vibrating soconnections do come loose, which can create a hot spot.

Electric motors and generators

These machines are often in areas where they are exposed tofumes and dust. The fumes and dust can get into the vents of themachine. Sparks from the electrics can ignite the fumes or dust.

Get a qualified person to regularly check the vents and removegrills to make sure internals of the machine are clean.

Check at same time that connections inside are still tight.

Portable Electric Tools

Ensure tools (including leads and extension leads) are kept inexcellent condition.

Turn power off after use.

Do not run leads across the deck.

Welding, grinding and gas cutting

Welding and cutting maintenance work is regularly required onboard, and can be a significant fire hazard. Check the companyand vessel procedures for permits.

Fires that result from this work rarely start from where the workis done. Fires from welding usually start on the other side of thebulkhead when paint or insulation ignites or where sparks andloose metal fall. Fires from cutting work happen when sparks flyover an area. If these sparks fall into a nearby pile of rubbish,

on an oily rag, or on a piece of paper a fire could start. In theseexamples the fire can develop a long time after the work wasdone.

Always assign a crewmember, or make sure the contractorhas a worker, to check the opposite side to where weldingwork is being conducted. This should be done while the workis happening and for sometime after the welding has finished.The person doing it should use the back of their hand and havesimply a wet rag and a bucket of water to dab onto any paint orpanel that ignites.

2.2


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Insulation on the other side of the face being welded must beremoved.

Keep electrical gear clean.

Look on the other side before welding.

Before allowing grinding or cutting work to proceed, physicallycheck the surrounding areas.

Make sure the workers have a fire extinguisher close by.

Make contractors report before they start and after they havefinished.

Check the area again one or two hours after work is completed.

Rags

Rags are regularly used to wipe up oil or fuel spills and then tossedinto nearby container.

Dispose of oily rags in metal bin with a lid or sealed air tight bag.

Chemicals

Read the data sheets supplied with chemicals.

Chemicals can be extremely volatile if mixed with other substances.

Get these supplied in robust and non-corrosive containers. Stow in a separate dry stowage according to company procedures.

2.2


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Fire drills help people to remember what they have to do whenthere is a fire. Talking about what to do is important that is thetheory part. A practical fire drill gives everyone a chance to

practise the skills thats the practical bit.Fire drills help you to know exactly what to do!

Good fire drills

Start with the alarm you normally use to get the crew to themuster stations. This allows an immediate check to confirmeveryone is accounted for and doing their duty. An example of amuster station list for a fire drill and emergency procedure is on

the following page.

Happen in different locations where a fire could start.

Have a sense of urgency.

Use the correct fire-fighting equipment at the scene.

Fire Drills2.3

You cant share a small vessel with a big fire!Put them out early!

FOR SKIPPERS

Time crew during the fire drill to see how long it takes them to do certain tasks.

Check your deck and/or fire hoses are long enough and in good condition. Always open at water supply and/orfire hydrant valves to keep them moving.

Make sure crew know how to use all the different types of extinguisher, hose spray/jet nozzles and pumps

on the vessel.

Always debrief after a fire drill. This can be an informal discussion afterwards where what if scenarios aswell as deficiencies in the days exercise can be discussed.

Always question crew on their knowledge but also listen to their comments and suggestions.

Always log your exercise in the vessel log and/or your training record.

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS

Maritime Rules Part 23 requires you to have one fire drill per month.


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fire drill and emergency procedure

Raise te alarm before taking any re-ghting action.Individual action should not be taken unless: The risk of the re spreading is very low. You have raised the alarm by: alerting the bridge, telling someone else to raise the

alarm, or pushing one of the alarm buttons (and heard it go off).

2.3

signal

Continuous intermittent ringing of the ships alarm.

if you discover a fire

muster

Upon hearing this alarm all crew are to report to their designated muster stations or ifassigned tasks as below do those tasks then report to their muster station.

bridge

Captain Allan1st Mate Coordinator MikeRunner to the bridge Naine

engine room

Chief Engineer (in charge) Eli2nd Engineer TmmBaadar Technician Cris(Start emergency re pumpand assist in engine room)

ba party (muster and standby outside ba locker)

2nd Mate (in charge with VHF Wane

on channel 09) All BA party personnel BA Hamish, BA Shaun, BA Davem

BA Nathan, ASS Matt (control board)ASS Jeremy

Hose party (muster on trawl deck and await

furtHer instructions)In charge Steve

PoRT hoSE PARTy STARboARd hoSE PARTy

Andre AndreBlake ScottFloyd Ian

vent party (muster on trawl deck aft. you will

be sHown wHicH vents to close by tHe person incHarge)In charge KarlParty Emma, Mary, Rachel, Josh, Sosaia, Richard

All crew not assigned duties must shut all doors behind them and proceed to musterstations on liferaft deck behind the bridge.Halon is not to be activated until the order is given by the Master. It is only to beactivated by the Master, Chief Engineer, 1st Mate or 2nd Mate

Check crew off muster deck Taumarena, Tania

IT IS IMPORTANT THAT ALL CREW FOLLOW THE ABOVE INSTRUCTIONS.OFFICERS IN CHARGE MUST KNOW WHERE EVERYBODY IS AT ALL TIMES

medic partyIn the event of any serious accident or illness on board the F/V Dash, thepersonnel listed will be required to help to their level of trainingSoK an Cris


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Extinguishing a fire principles

Fire needs three components to keep burning: heat, fuel, and oxygen.

A fire goes out when one of these components is removed.

Land-based fire brigades fight house fires by trying to remove the heat. They cool the fire with lots of water. Flooding a vessel at seais not a good idea, because the vessel will become unstable with free surface water and flooding.

We can still use hoses for cooling at sea, but have to use them very carefully. We can also try to put the fire out by removing oxygenand fuel.

Fuel can often be isolated (say to a main engine), however, it takes time to take affect and there are normally lots other flammablethings also burning that keep the fire going.

At sea, the primary method that has to be relied on to put fires out is suffocation, or removal of the oxygen. This of course is done aswell as isolation of fuel supplies and cooling.

Fire Fatalities

Most people who die in a fire suffocate from inhaling smoke or fire gases.

Approximately twice as many people die in this manner that those who are burnt.

Vessels have a vast range of materials that become toxic when burnt. These include paint, cables, mattresses and even the contentsfrom a used fire extinguisher. The fumes from such materials as well as the smoke are quickly concentrated within the confines of anyvessel. Dense smoke and toxic gases mean there is not much time to actually fight a fire on a vessel.

You must act fast. If there is too much smoke, try to seal the compartment and get out!

Fire Fighting2.4


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Putting a fire out

Fires must be fought quickly but sensibly. You can fight most fires on vessels if you follow these steps.

Attempt to put out the fire

Use a hose, extinguisher, fire blanket or smother the fire. See the section on fire-fighting equipment to find out how to use hoses,extinguishers and fire blankets correctly.

Crouch down low in case fireball develops and to minimise smoke inhalation. If you cant extinguish the fire, GET OUT

Stop oxygen supply to fire Close downcompartment

If you cannot extinguish the fire, you must act quickly to close thecompartment. Your goal is stop all air getting to the fire so theoxygen supply will run out.

The following steps are needed:

turn off all ventilation fans to the compartment close all doors and hatches to the compartment

close all ventilation trunk flaps to prevent air getting through

look for smoke escaping through any gaps or holes inbulkheads. Use fire blankets or inflammable material to stuff theholes into them.

If you stop the smoke getting out and the air gettingin the fire will suffocate relatively quickly.

2.4

Attempt to put out FireRaise alarm at same time

If unsuccessful - Stop oxygen supply byclosing all openings to the compartment

Use the fixed fire fightingsystem!

Wait for compartment to cool beforere-entry

Keep a close eye out for the fire Re-flashing

PUTTING A FIRE OUT

Stop fuel supplyto fire if possible

Prevent spread byBoundary Cooling


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2.4

Stop supply to Fire

Fuel supplies for the engines are usually outside engine compartments.

If there is a fire in the engine room, you might need to isolate the fuel supply. The skipper must make this decision.When you shut fuel supplies to the main engine or auxiliary it takes some time to work. It will have an impact on vesselmanoeuvrability, speed, power and fire-fighting and pumping capabilities. The skipper has to decide if shutting off the fuel will causemore problems for your vessel.

Activate fixed fire-fighting systems

Most vessels will have a fixed fire-fighting system fitted in theengine room. The majority of these systems are CO2 (carbondioxide). Some of the older vessels have systems calledVaporising Liquid (BCF, Halon) fitted. They work by stopping theoxygen supply to the fire.e.

If there is a fire in a compartment with one of these systemsfitted, USE IT.

Before you operate the system:

make sure all ventilation is stopped and openings closed. Thiswill keep the extinguishing agent in the compartment

ensure everyone is out of the compartment

shut down as much machinery as possible

you only have one shot at it so get it right first time.

Prevent spread of fire

Remember that both steel and aluminium conduct heat and thepaints and linings on the other side can start to ignite.

You must monitor heat in surrounding compartments and, ifthey are hot, start boundary cooling:

Monitor temperature of surrounding bulkheads with the back ofthe hand.

Use water sparingly.

Wet to cool hot spots.

Cover all sides.

Monitor flooding from boundary cooling water and activatepumps accordingly.

Do not stop until walls are continually cool and you are satisfiedthe fire is out.


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Re-entry into compartment

Do not re-enter the compartment too soon. Allow it to cool down and keep monitoring the temperature of the surrounding bulkheadsand the deck above. Wait twice as long as you think is necessary!

When you decide to enter through the door or hatch of the compartment stay clear of the opening in case the rush of air re-ignites thefire.

Allow some ventilation before you enter as there may be toxic gases within the compartment.

Move in to the compartment and dampen down hot spots. Break down burnt rubble and ensure it is completely cool.

Re-flash watch

Fires often re-ignite. Check every hour after a fire has been extinguished, until you are sure it will not re-ignite.

2.4


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Fire Fighting Equipment2.5Extinguishers

Most extinguishers identify what type of fire they are used for: Class A, Class B, Class C, Class E and Class F. Make sure you use thecorrect extinguisher for the job. These are explained below:

Foam Extinguishers Class A and Class B Fires

Foam extinguishers are good for fuel and oil fires. They can also be used onwood, paper and fish bins (plastic).

Try to direct the foam onto a vertical surface behind the fire. The foam then runsdown and smothers the fire from behind.

Another way is to spray the foam from a distance so that it drops on to the liquidon fire.

Foam is more effective on liquid fires when the liquid (fuel or oil) is contained.It cannot be used on electrical fires.

Dry Powder Extinguishers Class B, C, E and F Fires

Dry powder extinguishers are particularly good for fuel and oil fires such as a

bilge fire in a vessels engine room. The dry powder extinguishes the flamesover fire and is quicker acting than foam. Dry powder extinguishers deal moreeffectively with large areas of flame.

Dry powder is non-conductive so can be used where there is a risk of electricshock.

Direct the dry powder in a sweeping motion to the front edge of the flames.Then work it back to the far edge of the flames in a sweepmotion.

Beware of using dry powder extinguishers in a confined space astheir contents react with the fire to produce toxic gases.

Beware the dry powder smothers the fire but has no cooling

action. Once the initial fire has been extinguished it may haveto be cooled with water.action. Once the initial fire has beenextinguished it may have to be cooled with water.

You must use the correct extinguisher!

CLASS A

Wood

Paper

Plastics

CLASS B

Flammable &Combustible liquids

CLASS C

Flammable Gases

CLASS E D

Electrically energisedequipment

CLASS F

Cooking oils & fats


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2.5

You must use the correctextinguisher!

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Extinguishers Class B, C, E and F Fires

CO2 extinguishers are also good for fuel and oil fires. Carbondioxide is quicker acting than foam. These extinguishers are betterfor fires that may spread to larger areas.

CO2 extinguishers do not leave a residue or deposit and they willnot damage other equipment in the vicinity of the fire.

CO2 can be used on electrical fires.

When used the CO2 should be directed, in a sweeping motion tothe front edge of the flames working it back in a sweep motion

over the flames towards the far edge.

CO2 has no cooling action. Once the initial fire has beenextinguished it may have to be cooled with water.

Vaporising Liquid (BCF, BTM, CBM) Extinguishers Class B and Class C Fires

Note: These are no longer suitable for use as they cannot beserviced due to the requirements of the Ozone Layer Act 1987.These should be replaced with an alternative extinguisher suitablefor the most likely use.

Stowage of extinguishers

Make sure all extinguishers are clearly labelled.

Make sure extinguishers are readily accessible.

Think about where you place them in your vessel (i.e. anextinguisher located down in an engine space may beinaccessible in the event of a fire. One placed by the hatch maybe a better option).

Fire Blankets

There should be a fire blanket on board which you can use onsmall fires like a cooking oil fire. Fire blankets are made of fireproof material and are normally found in the galley. Carefully

throw the blanket over the fire to smother it.

Fire blankets are good to wrap around people on fire.

Hydrants, Hoses and Nozzles

Most fires onboard a vessel involve liquid fuel of somedescription. If you spray water on a fuel fire, it can spread.

Some solid fuel (Class A) fires do need to be extinguished with

water. For example, a mattress has porous but thick construction.When a mattress is on fire an extinguisher will put out the flames,but the mattress needs to be soaked with water to put out theinternal burning material.

Mount the right type ofextinguishers near the entrances tothe compartments.

Then they are easily seen andreadily accessible!


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If you must use a hose make sure that the spray/jet nozzle isattached. Always hit the fire with a spray rather than a jet ofwater. This will tend to smother the flames rather than spread the

liquid fuel (and fire) everywhere. It will also give the user moreprotection from the heat or fireball if one has developed.

Large vessels have a dedicated fire hose or dedicated fire hydrant.

This equipment is vitally important for the cooling operationsduring a fire on board. In particular a spray-jet nozzle willminimise the water being used as well as ensure it opens as aspray which prevents a jet of water being inadvertently sprayedinto the seat of a fire.

So take care of your hoses, make sure you have one fitted with aspray-jet nozzle at all times. You should regularly check to makesure that the nozzle works.

Remember fire-fighting water from the hose affects vesselstability so it must be drained/pumped out once the fire is out!

Fixed Fire Fighting Systems

Your vessel will have a fixed fire-fighting (dedicatedextinguishing) system fitted in its engine room. The systemwill have an extinguisher bottle, and nozzles around thecompartment to spray the extinguishant around.

These systems can be automatically triggered by a detectingsensor or manually operated. An alarm sounds before the vapouror gas is released to allow people to evacuate the compartment.

To look af ter these systems:

leave the spray nozzles the way they were installed

seal the compartment before you operate the system

make sure these systems are checked by service agentscertified to perform the task.

Fire Pump

Your vessel will have a powered pump driven from the mainengine, which will effectively get water to the site of the fire.

Remember, the water is mostly used to cool the area rather thanto fight the flames.

Signs

Signs must be used to highlight the location of equipment and toshow how the equipment operates. Signs are usually provided by equipment suppliers.

Dont throw these away on the belief that everyone knows how to use it!

Make sure the ventilation flaps and fan switches that need to be turned off in a fire are also well marked.

2.5

Fire stifled & stopped byhose on spray

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS

The requirements for fire appliances to be held on board are contained in Maritime Rules Part 40D and Part 42B.The capacity, type and number required all vary depending on vessel size so it pays to check on these rules!


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The earlier you get warning of a fire the better.

Fire detection is required on all fishing vessels to which theseguidelines are intended for.

Fire detectors come in many forms but either operate by detectingexcessive heat or detecting smoke. Smoke detectors are normallymore sensitive than heat detectors but are no use if there are lotsof fumes around.

If alarms keep going off - find out why and fix it!

Fire Detection Equipment2.6


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1. Clean up slippery decks.

2. Mop up spills as soon as possible.

3. Fish slime, etc should be flushed from the deck frequently.

4. Secure loose gear up off the deck. No ropes or linesshould be left strewn on deck.

6. Keep equipment, ropes, fish bins or ladders tied or stowed upoff the deck.

A clean and tidy vessel is an efficient and safe vessel!

Clutter and rubbish create hazards!

5. Keep decks as clear as possible at all times.

3.1

Housekeeping



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3.1

7. Heavy objects (blocks) used aloft should not be left looseor swinging.

8. Rope off any breaks in the deck. Make the rope visible bytying rags to it and tie it at a height so people see it and itdoesnt turn into a trip wire.

10. Hatch covers should be neatly piled out ofpassageways when the hatches are open.

9. Water hoses should be coiled and hung on brackets.

11. Hatches should not be left partially opened or concealedwith a tarpaulin.

12. Supplies and fish boxes carried on deck should be covered,if necessary, and securely lashed.

SAFETY GUIDELINES FOR LARGE COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS35


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3.1

13. Make sure scuppers are not blocked by equipment, tools,or debris. Blocked scuppers can pose a serious hazard,

especially in rough seas.

14. Stow items at main deck level or below. Do not stow heavyitems high on vessel as it will affect the Centre of Gravity

making the vessel unstable.

15. Dont store gear in passageways. Keep walkways,passages and waists clear.

16. Store sharp objects in galley or on deck (knives,gaffs, etc) safely.

17. Clean rags should be kept in a box or locker. Dirty ragsshould be disposed of in metal containers with lids.

18. Keep quarters neat and orderly.



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3.1

19. Fire extinguishers should be properly located and neverused as coat racks.

20. Dont hang unattended towels or wash cloths abovethe stove to dry.

21. Degrease filters and stove ventilation trunkingregularly.

22. Clearly labelled products and equipment simply reducethe risk of mistakes such as mixing incorrect chemicals,putting the wrong oil in, turning the wrong switch off.



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3.2Personal Protective Equipment& Appropriate Clothing

Appropriate Clothing

Think sensibly about the clothes you and your crew wear to sea, and remember your personal protective equipment (safety gear).

General points to consider:

Wear close-fitting clothing, which is less likely to get caught in nets, lines or machinery.

Wear cotton or wool in case you catch on fire or fall overboard.

Dirty or oily clothing can cause skin problems. You should wash your working clothes frequently and keep them as clean aspossible.

Keep long hair tucked under a hat and tied back.

Avoid wearing rings and other jewellery.

Wear good footwear. Make sure the soles of your safety boots are still in good condition. Your favourite boots may be comfortable

after years of wear, but if the soles are smooth you could slip and fall.



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39

3.2

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

All crew members should have the following personal protective equipment to wear:

1. Safety Boots / Gumboots / Shoes

Safety boots, gumboots or shoes should be worn at all times on deck and inmachinery spaces.

2. Safety Helmets

Safety Helmets must be worn when loads are being slung. This includes when netsare being hauled or product is being loaded/unloaded.

3. Hearing ProtectionEar Muffs must be worn in engine room spaces as well as in any other compartmentwhere a noisy machine is running.

4. Eye Protection

Wear good quality protective eye wear when there is a risk that you could getsomething in your eyes. Wear safety glasses or goggles on deck during shootingand hauling operations whenever you can.

Always wear them when grinding or cutting.

5. Lifejackets

Wear a floatation vest at all times when working on deck!

6. Gloves

Gloves should be appropriate for the hazards the wearer may encounter, e.g.reinforced gloves that protect against cuts should be used during fish gutting or

trimming operations. Gloves should fit snugly at the wrists but permit free movementof the fingers.

It is dangerous to wear loose clothing and gloves around machinery.



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3.3 Machine Guards

1. Never remove covers while machine is in operation. Thisincludes to clear blockages! Never operate the machine with

the covers or guards off! If you must remover covers forcleaning or maintenance make sure the machine is isolatedand tagged.

2. Never by-pass or short circuit safety cut-out switches.

No one intentionally puts their hand into a chain sprocket, or moving blade! Guards are there to protect you if your attentionslips or the vessel rolls awkwardly.

SAFETY GUIDELINES FOR LARGE COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS 40


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41

When someone is going to work on hydraulic, fuel, water and electrical systems:

The system must be isolated before work begins, and cannot be restarted until work has finished.

Isolating the system makes it safer to work on. If the system is isolated there is a much lower chance that:

A person is electrocuted.

Oil or fuel spills into the sea.

A fire starts.

Equipment could be damaged.

It is the skippers responsibility to make sure that systems are isolated. Legally, this responsibility cannot be delegated to contractors.It is always the skipper who is responsible for the safety of all workers on board the vessel. However, the skipper may delegateaspects of this work to those responsible for areas, such as the chief engineer.

If there is an environmental incident (e.g. a fuel spill), particularly one that could have been avoided by isolation, the owner andskippers as well as the contractor can all be found responsible.

Your company will have a procedure for isolation and lockout. You must fillow this.

Turn the supply off to the equipment that is going to be maintained. You can:

3.4 Isolation & Lockout Procedures

Work about to start on system

Work complete

Place tape or tag on isolating point.Write name

Remove tape or Tag.

You must use a designed tag-out and lockout card.

Before removing any tag to start equipment, check with the person whose name ison the tag or tape that work has been completed and that it is safe to operate.

Always check yourself that the system looks safe to operate after it has beenworked on.

If a contractor will come on board to do maintenance work when the crew are notthere, isolate the system before you leave.



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3.4

Lockout procedures

Often when we have to do maintenance or clear a jam, it is necessary to put our hands or body into areas that, if the machine werestarted, would cause serious harm.

Simply turning such equipment OFF at the switch is not enough!

What does lockout involve?

Lockout involves turning the equipment off or isolating the electrical, air, hydraulic or steam systems. Operators then go a step furtherand lock the switch or valve in the closed position.

This means, that if someone comes along and doesnt know you are working in the unsafe position, they cant go and turn themachine on.

What types of lockout systems are there?

Most safety specialists have their own range of mechanisms that enable different types of switches and different types of valves to belocked in the OFF position. There are also ways of locking portable/flexible cables or lines.

Dont let your screams be the first indication that you are working in that machine!

Lockout before hands go in!

Lead lockout

Valve lockout

Switch lockout

How do I go about locking out equipment before I start work on it?

Your workshop will have its own lockout items and its own procedure so you must become familiar with that!

General lockout system

Before work is started

Make sure you identify what has to be isolated to make the machine safe.

Turn off ALL the appropriate switches or secure the lockout device that stops the valve or switch being turned back on and lock it

with a padlock that only you have the key to.

Test that the machine will not start!

Once all these steps have been competed it is safe to start work.

On completion of work

Remove your padlock from the locking device once you have completed all your work.

If there are still padlocks on the locking device, check that the equipment still cannot be started.

Once all padlocks have been removed, the equipment can be restarted.



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3.4

What if more than one person is working on the machine?

Each individual must have his/her own lock secure and they must all be locked onto the locking device.

This means the machine cannot be re-started until every person is clear.

Not everyone knows that the switch is OFF for a reason!

FOR SKIPPERS

Make sure that there is an organised lockout system in place.

Insist on all people (managers and workers) using the lockout system at all times.

Guidelines for Guarding Principles and General Safety for Machinery and Guidance Notes for Electrical Interlocking for Safety inIndustrial Processes which are both available to download on the website www.osh.govt.nz

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION



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3.5 Hazardous Substances

Hazardous substances have dangerous properties. A substance is hazardous if it has one or more of these properties:

Explosive

Flammable

Oxidising

Corrosive

Toxic to people

Ecotoxic (toxic to the environment or to animals and plants)

There are a number of hazardous substances that workers may be exposed to in the fishing industry. These include:

In vessel operations and maintenance:

LPG

petrol

diesel

lubrication and hydraulic oils

greases

degreasers

aerosol cans

oxy-acetylene and other gases used for welding and cutting

In production:

CO2

O2

ammonia

freon

In cleaning:

acids

alkalis



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The suppliers of these products must provide you with material safety data sheets detailing: the type of hazard it is

what type of harm it can cause

when it is likely to happen

how to prevent it happening

how to, or how not to dispose of the product

what other chemicals not to store with.

When a supplier sells a hazardous substance, it has to be labelled. If you use hazardous substances:

follow company and vessel procedures

keep products in a proper container

read the label

wear protective clothing when using chemicals. Gloves, respirators and safety glasses are a minimum requirement

before using any gas or chemical familiarise yourself with the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

make sure labels dont get damaged

keep data sheets on file on board

clean up spills quickly

stow containers so they dont get damaged

dispose of containers and contents safely. Dont pour into sea or drains and dont burn containers

store in a secure, dry, but ventilated stowage location.

Take great care with these products and only take the bare minimum to sea!

Assistance is available on:0800 POISON or 0800 764 766

3.5



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A variety of chemicals and hazardous substances, both liquid and granular, may be used by to clean the ship or its factory. These maybe acid or alkaline based.

It is important to know what chemical is being used for cleaning at the time.

As the vessel may be many days away from onshore medical assistance it is important to be very careful when working withchemicals.

Storage

DO store chemicals in a suitably contained safe area that is well marked. Class 8 (corrosive) and class 5 (oxidisers) for exampleshould be in well segregated areas.

DO store chemicals in containers kept at single level so ingredients cannot mix

DO keep chemicals below eye level to avoid accidental spillage over your face

DO keep the lids on chemical containers on tight and secure so the contents cannot mix or spill if you are moving the product.

DO make sure the chemical is well labelled and can be easily identified.

DO NOT mix chemicals. This can result in serious harm including death.

DO NOT mix drum pumps between chemicals as a bad reaction may occur.

DO NOT put chemicals into unmarked containers.

DO NOT use old food or drink bottles as accidental ingestion can occur and will cause serious internal injuries or death.

Directions for use

DO wear the correct PPE (personal protection equipment) as recommended on the material safety data sheet (MSDS) and the label.This may include goggles, gloves, respirator, suits and boots.

DO read the label on the container as this gives usage and mixing directions. The container may have POISON or a DangerousGoods Diamond with Class designation as to what type of hazard it presents e.g. corrosive, flammable, oxidiser on it.

DO make yourself familiar with the MSDS. One of these accompanies every container and provides information about that productsuch as description of the chemical, specifications, safety and emergency instructions.

DO mix or dilute the chemical to the suppliers specifications only. Mixing an acid based chemical (descalers and rust removers)with a chlorinated chemical (e.g. hypochlorite, XY12) will result in a deadly chlorine gas being emitted.

DO make sure cleaning is completed before leaving the area to prevent accidental skin contact with the chemical.

First Aid

As most commercial chemical cleaners are far more concentrated than the ordinary household cleaners it is important to:

know where your first aid station is located

read and be familiar with first aid instructions about the specific chemical being used which can be found on the label and MSDSsheet

health can be affected through contact with skin, eyes, inhalation or ingestion

be familiar with the location of eye wash facilities around the vessel. In the event of a splash in the eyes you need to be able toautomatically find the closest water source, the pain will cause panic and as you cannot see you may not be able to quickly get towater and the degree of injury will become more serious

a spill to the eyes should be washed under cool running water for 15 minutes

contact with the skin can take time for the effect to be felt even though it will be burning from the beginning of the spill

3.6 Chemicals



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3.6a spill to the skin should be washed under cool running water for 15 minutes

in all cases, medical attention should be sought

Some chemical suppliers provide safety posters. These should be displayed in prominent positions aroundthe vessel.

Emergency

In case of an emergency:

know where emergency equipment, such as fire extinguishers, hoses and eyebaths, are located

know what the vessels emergency procedures are and how to fulfil that task.



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Lifting gear on board a vessel includes derricks, booms, cranes,rigging gear and fish lifting equipment and rigging. It includesboth fixed and portable components (i.e. eyes, shackles and

blocks).This gear is subject to the extreme elements and has large forcesexerted on it. Lifting gear (such as trawl blocks, hauling blocksand davits) is vital to the performance of the vessel as well assafety of its crew.

Inspect lifting gear regularly and fix it if something is wrong.

Inspections that you should do:

Make sure the gear fitted is of the correct size and capacity todo the job safely.

Carry out inspections to check that:

the eyes have not elongated

shackles and hammerlocks are not worn too thin

there are safety chains attached to blocks

the block sheaves are not too worn

the wire is not showing signs of wear (i.e. spragged, crimpedor rusting)

the pins and bushes in blocks are running smoothly andthere is not too much movement between them.

Upkeep points

Maintain equipment regularly by:

keeping moving parts well lubricated with salt water resistantgrease

keep paint on exterior of blocks and hanging eyes in goodcondition

lubricate wire regularly

keep a record of all maintenance undertaken on lifting gear.

Operation

Make sure that all personnel involved in lifting and slingingoperations both at sea and alongside know the correct signals.

Make sure all movements are smooth and gradual.

Avoid sudden shocks or strains and beware of side pulls.

Avoid dangerous positions - stepping on a taut line or standingin a bight or standing in the line of pull of a taut rope or cable

that might give way.

Never walk or stand under a load. Keep your load within the Safe Working Load (SWL) limit.

Remember the SWL is that of the weakest component of thelifting system!

3.7 Lifting Gear



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3.7

Remember the load may be low but the FORCE acts where theload is slung from. THIS AFFECTS STABILITY.

Stay out from under booms and cranes while lifting operations

are in progress.

Avoid swinging a load.

Attach steady lines to heavy or unwieldy loads.

Do not stand between the load and fixed objects.

Wear PPE and follow the procedures specified by the company.

Make sure designated loading and unloading areas with accesslanes are provided.



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Portable electrical equipment, tools and leads can easily bedamaged. The marine environment is very hard on portableelectrical equipment because it is damp.

Using portable electric tools

Always use tools with residual current device (RCD) protection.

Inspect the tool before you use it. Check for either damage tothe cord or insulation on the body of the tool.

Always look for a test tag on equipment (normally on the leadnear to the plug) that has the date when the equipment is nextdue for a test. If there is no tag or it is out of date, the tool orlead should not be used.

If there is any damage - do not use the tool and get anelectrician to repair it at the earliest opportunity!

Using electric leads

Do not run leads across decks or doors. If possible, hook themabove head height.

Do not rest hatches or close doors on leads.

Run leads around the edge of compartments.

Protect leads by running them between two bits of wood.

Do not pull leads out by the cable!

If the plug or sockets are damaged, do not use them.

3.8 Portable Electric Tools

FOR SKIPPERS

Make sure all portable equipment is safe to use.

Put in place routine testing system to check the equipment regularly.

Use the SSM system to organise this:

Get an electrician to test all your portable tools. These tests must be repeated at regular intervals(discuss with the electrician).

Keep logs of all testing. The log can be kept in a simple notebook, or some electrical contractorswill keep the records for you.

Make sure all the crew are aware of the hazards and how to identify equipment that shouldnot be used.

Ensure contractors on sites that you are responsible for only use equipment that has been

tested and that the contractors are aware of the requirements.



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Maintaining the anti-skid properties of the deck coating andkeeping it free of hazards is important!

1. Maintain the deck coating so it is anti-skid

Crew need to be sure of their footing while working on deck.Make sure a good dose of sand or grit is thrown on top of thelast coat of paint, or some other grip tread is applied to thedeck.

2. Replace deck gratings

If maintenance work has required the deck plates or gratings to

be removed replace them as soon as possible. Fasten themproperly so the edges and corners dont rise up above the decklevel.

3.9 Surface of Working Deck



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The air in small confined spaces can become very stagnant overa short period of time. This can be a health risk to crew workingand living in these spaces.

Helpful tips

1. Regularly clean ventilation fans, grills and filters if fitted.

These all trap dirt. The dirt can become a fire risk and alsoreduce the quality and amount of air being supplied. Dirt canalso shorten the life of fan motors.

2. Regularly check ventilation gaps and grills.

If there are small ventilation gaps or grills at the bottom of thedoor, check them regularly to make they are clear.

3. Regularly maintain shutters and flaps.

Remember in the case of a fire the compartment must be ableto be closed down. Regularly grease these and move themthrough their arc-of-travel.

3.10 Ventilation



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Lighting should be fit for purpose.

Change light bulbs, lamps and tubes as soon as they extinguish!

Keep diffusers and reflectors on light fittings clean.

Replace switches, diffusers and reflectors if they get damaged.

Regularly test emergency lighting.

Regularly check the battery supplying the emergency lighting. Get the local battery shop to check them regularly.

Lighting should allow people to move around the vessel with ease and do their work safely. In the accommodation, lighting shouldallow people to read.

Night lighting at seaAt night, night vision is of great importance to crew who are moving around on deck or on watch in the bridge.

If you are surrounded by white light your night vision is seriously impaired!

Follow these rules to improve night vision:

Keep white lighting at sea down to the minimum. You will have no chance of spotting an object ahead of you on a dark night if youare surrounded by bright white light.

In the bridge of any vessel night lighting (blue or red) should be used to work with logs and charts.

Do not use white deck lighting forward of the bridge.

3.11 Lighting



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Ropes securing a load need to be safe.

Use the appropriate strength rope for the load.

If the load is dangerous, heavy or expensive double up!

Stow ropes and lines up off the deck (if practical).

Stow ropes and lines in such a way that if they are wet, theywill dry.

Regularly check ropes for fraying or cuts and discard if foundto be significant.

Dont bend large ropes too tightly.

Never stand where a spring mooring line may recoil back atyou.

3.12 Ropes and Mooring LInes



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Everyone boarding and disembarking the vessel must use the

gangway.

Secure gangways to the vessel.

Put the safety net up underneath the gangway.

Set the gangway up away from hazardous areas where workwill be conducted.

Keep the gangway clean and clear at all times.

3.13 Boarding and Disembarking



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Flooding can occur on a vessel as a result of an incident at sea.Flooding can also happen when a vessel is alongside.

There are a number of steps you can take to reduce the risk of a

flood. There are also things you can do to reduce the damage thata flood would cause.

Keep watertight opening clips and dogs well greased and ingood working order at all times.

Keep all bilge pumps maintained. Check operation before sailingeach trip.

Make sure bilges are clear of rags and debris that may blockpumps.

When leaving the vessel ensure all sea cocks not required forcooling running equipment, are shut off.

Ensure your collision bulkhead or any other watertight bulkhead is not compromised by drilling holes to install cabling or pipe-work.Make sure the appropriate through-bulkhead watertight gland or fitting is used.

3.14 Keeping the Vessel Water Tight



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Things happen extremely quickly at sea and often a compartmentwill have to be evacuated quickly. The crews evacuation isalready difficult because the vessel is moving. Flooding, fire and

smoke make it even harder to get out. It is very important thatfurther obstacles are not put in the way of the person escaping,whether it is a physical obstruction, or the persons lack ofknowledge about their vessel.

On some vessels, larger compartments have to have two exits.Often the alternative escape route is not used that much, andends up with things obstructing it. Crew could be overcome bysmoke or drowned because they cant escape through theseblocked exits.

Every ladder and door on the vessel should be treated as anescape route.

Keep all openings clear and unobstructed at all times. Thisincludes the passage leading to them.

Regularly open and close alternative escape route hatches anddoors to ensure all clips and hinges are working freely fromboth sides.

Exits should be marked with iridescent signs both at eye leveland at ground level.

Keep ladders leading up to escape hatches clear. (i.e. dont usethem as a rope or tool stowage).

Show crewmembers where alternative escape routes are fromall compartments when they arrive on board.

3.15 Escape Routes



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3.16 Machinery Stops

There will be a number of machinery stops around any vesselon winches, cranes, windlasses and conveyors and other piecesof machinery. Some machines are fitted with remote emergency

stops so they can be shut down from another area. Many stopsare installed for safety purposes so that machinery automaticallystops should hazardous parts become exposed by the removal ofa safety cover or guard for example.

Stops may be in many forms including valves, levers, switches,micro-switches, electronic sensors or buttons.

Points to remember

DO NOT by-pass any machines STOP button, even just for ashort time.

Make sure all STOP switches, levers and buttons are clearlylabelled in red. Labels or signs should be large, clean andbright.

Crew must be shown where emergency stop buttons arepositioned including equipment they may not be responsible foroperating.

Keep all STOP buttons, levers and buttons free fromobstruction.

Check operation of STOP arrangements regularly. If there is aremote emergency stop button, use it to shut the machinerydown occasionally to prove it is working. Record that you

checked.

Never by-pass or short circuit safety cut-out switches.



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Fuelling a vessel is a potentially dangerous situation. People on the vessel or in the area are at risk. The environment could bedamaged by a fuel spill. Take care when refuelling.

Make sure everyone on board knows you are fuelling.

Make sure everyone knows that there can be NO SMOKING during the fuelling operation.

Make sure that crew and contractors are not doing any welding, gas cutting or other hot work on or near the vessel.

Hoist flag Bravo so vessels passing know you are fuelling.

Note: this may be displayed on the fuelling station itself.

Keep constant communication with the tanker attendant.

Make sure you attach bags or containers under all vents so spills are not likely!

Keep a watch on deck throughout the operation.

Keep the fuelling stations oil spill kit near you during the operation.

Familiarise yourself with the Oil Spill Response Plan and make sure you have it is near you when you fuel as it has contactinformation should you have a spill.

Block scuppers.

3.17 Fuelling Safety



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3.18 General Training

People in key positions on the vessel must have the appropriate qualifications. Training is an ongoing requirement, because all vesselsand their equipment are different and people forget things.

Do not fall into the trap of believing training is too expensive or you havent got time. Down-time and medical costs are expensive too!

The level of training will vary with each crewmembers experience and capability.

Experienced crew will only require induction training relating to the operation and location of equipment on a new vessel. Inexperiencednew crewmembers will need detailed and ongoing training to learn the skills of fishing.

Never let crewmembers operate equipment until they have been trained and tested to make sure they can operate it competently.

Give all new crewmembers induction training.

Record all training. The example of an induction checklist which follows is practical for small vessels. It serves to remind the person

training the new crewmember of everything that should be covered. Keep records of completed training. These records will providean audit trail to show that the training was done. If you or your crew have an accident you may need this evidence.

An example of an induction training procedure sheet follows as an example. It gives an idea of what is required.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION

Seafood Industry Training Organisation (SITO)There are a large range of courses available from various training suppliers around New Zealand which can be used. If you haveany doubts contact the Seafood Industry Training Organisation on 04 385 4005. There may be some funds available to you!

Induction Training Procedure

Induction training has included, as a minimum, the following: Location of Muster Stations Emergency Instructions Locations of Life-raft & oatation equipment Responsibilities in re/emergency party General arrangement of the ship Location of re extinguishers Smoke and Heat detectors Location of Halon Release & Emergency Shut Downs Location of Quick Closing Valves Location of Firemens Outts and Ammonia Suits Location of emergency re pump Alarm signals

Fire Alarm activation point Locations of cabin and exits Location of lifejacket & emergency escapes Location and operation of emergency systems such as :

- Main and auxiliary engines emergency stops- Fuel pump emergency stop- Emergency re pump and air compressor- Fire dampers- Emergency escape routes

- Emergency fan stops

Trainee has read the SSM Manual and has basic understanding of the Safe ShipManagement System, SSM Code, applicable MSA Rules & Regulations and trainingmanuals (see Section 5: Safe Ship Management System)

Extra issues covered:

Crew Member

Safety Officer I Heart

Signed (crew member) Date

J. BloggsStep Detail

1.

2.

3.



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61

Pre-sailing checklist

Before leaving port, your vessel must be ready and capable to travel:

The vessel must be seaworthy. The vessel must be watertight and equipment must be secured. Vessel stability is improved if fueland water tanks are full, the boom is down and weights (such as nets) are kept low.

All cargo, fuel containers, and other supplies must be safely stored and secured.

The vessel must be safely ballasted.

Consideration must be given to current and forecast weather conditions.

Before sailing check the essential items and equipment every time. These are included in SSM manuals or logs.

An example is shown on the following page:

FV Hook: Wheelhouse Equipment Checklist (to be completed 8 hours prior to departure)

Date: Trip:

Time of check: Checked by:

Inmarsat - C (sent/rcvd): Cell phone:

Cell fax (sent/rcvd):

Email sent/rcvd cell:

Email sent/rcvd Iridium: VHF 1

VHF 2

GPS 1 VHF 3

GPS 2

SeaPlotPro/Pescatus

Radar 1 Instar

Radar 2

Net monitor

Sounder 1

Sounder 2 Winch computer

SSB 1 Trawl sonar

Sonar Sonar

Factory cameras

Nav/fishing lights Main station:

Pitch controlSteering pump #1 Steering

Steering pump #2

3.73.19Trip planning/Pre-sailing checklist



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3.19

Pilot ladder Remote station:

Man ropes Pitch control

Lifering on standby Steering

Windlass Almanac

Stab tank empty Time of high tide

Ballast water (tank) Water at high tide

Stability condition GM Under hull clearance

Freezer bilges pumped Draft AFT

Factory Turos OFF Port anchor on stdby

Hatches secured for sea Ballast water (litres)



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The watch keepers main job is to ensure the safe navigation of the vessel and to prevent:

- Running aground

- Colliding with another vessel or moving object- Hitting a rock or other hazard

The law says that someone must be on watch at all times. In order to avoid collisions with eit

Safety Guidelines Large Commercial Fishing Vessels

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Transcript of Safety Guidelines Large Commercial Fishing Vessels