Safety Driven Performance 2013

Lloyd’s Register Energy - Drilling

Integrating ModuSpec and WEST Engineering Servicesto advance excellence in drilling safety, integrity and performance

Safety Driven Performance 2013Alan TurnerSystems & Controls Technical Specialist

October 2013


Agenda

• Introduction• Fiber Bragg Gratings Explained• Examples of Asset Integrity Monitoring in the Nuclear

and Wind Energy Sectors• Discussion of a Riser Tensioner Monitoring System

Installed on the Discovery Luanda• Discussion of an Instrumented BOP at the West Tech


Introduction• Fiber Optic Sensors have been widely utilized in

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) for more than 10 years now.

•Main applications include:• Civil Structures• Trains• Marine – LNG Ships, Composite Hulls• Energy – Wind, Nuclear, Hydroelectric, Oil and

Gas.• Aerospace• Geotechnical


Fiber Bragg Gratings Explained


Fiber Bragg Gratings ExplainedA Fiber Bragg Grating is a periodic change of the refractive index in the core region of an optical fiber.


Fiber Bragg Gratings Explained


Fiber Bragg Gratings ExplainedEach grating sensor is at a different fiber location and allocated a separate central wavelength and spectral operating window band.


Advantages of Fiber Bragg Gratings• Immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI) and electrical discharge

(lightning).• Passive operation, intrinsically safe.• Water and corrosion resistant.• Excellent resolution and range.• Rugged, small size and light weight.• Small size allows for insitu measurements.• Multiple sensors per channel.• Absolute measurement.• Low signal loss, sensors may be interrogated for many kilometers.• Signal conditioning equipment has a much smaller foot print.


Micron Optic Sensor Types

os3110 Metallic Weldable Strain Gage

os3200 Non-Metallic Flexible Strain Gage

os3155 Metallic Weldable Strain Gage

os1100 Single FBG in polyimide coated fiber

os4100 Temperature Compensation Gage

os4200 Single Ended Calibrated Temperature Gage

os4310 Double Ended Calibrated Temperature Gage

os4350 Double Ended Calibrated Temperature Gage

os7100 Accelerometer


Micron Optic Interrogators and Controller

• 4 channels with a spectral width of 1510 to 1590 nm. Available from 1410 to 1590 nm• 1 hz to 2 khz scanning frequency• Wavelength repeatability 1 pm@1khz, 0.05 pm with 1,000 averages• Power consumption 25 watts, 50 watts max• Operating temperature 0 to 50 degrees C• Available from 1 to 16 channels

• 1.4 GHz Pentium, 512 MB DDR, a 32 GB Solid State HD and Windows XP operating system• Peripheral interfaces include USB, Ethernet, RS232/422/485 and a user configurable digital

I/O• Provides power management through wake-on-LAN and wake-on-clock functions. Small foot

print, mounts directly on the interrogator


Examples of Asset Integrity Monitoring


Examples of Asset Integrity Monitoring Pipeline Monitoring Williams North West Pipeline


Examples of Asset Integrity MonitoringGold Star Bridge


Examples of Asset Integrity Monitoring3.5 MW Clipper Liberty Wind Turbine


Installation of Robert E Ginna Nuclear Plant

NEMA 4 Enclosure with splice tray.

Instrumented Tendon

Os3600 surface mount concrete strain gage and instrumented rebar, located on containment structure just below roof line

Roof penetration to instrumentation rack located in room below the roof.



• A fiber optic strain gage was applied to a currently exposed hoop direction rebar.

• A fiber optic concrete strain gage was installed 6” (15 cm) below the rebar excavation in the hoop direction.

• These gages are monitored in the same DAS as the tendon monitoring system

Rebar and Concrete Strain Monitoring


Installation at Robert E Ginna Nuclear Plant

Shim and tendon with sensors installed for a total of 20 instrumented tendons.



Rebar and Concrete Monitoring Pre/During/Post Integrated Leak Rate Test

Rebar Strain Concrete Strain

Containment Press


Discussion of A Riser Tensioner Monitoring System Installed on the Discovery Luanda


Overview• Meet API 16Q requirements for a more accurate

determination of the reduction factor.• Need to measure full system load, current system

measurements based on hydraulic pressure.• Long term• Reliable• Intrinsically safe operation.• Quick implementation and ease of installation.• Provides for remote monitoring and maintenance capability.


1 2 3

6 5 46

Top View of Tensioner Layout Under Drill Floor

Functional Description of The Riser Tensioners


Tensioners of the DSL


Sensor layout for two tensioners


Protection wrapping of sensor locations for transportation to the DSL.

Surface preparations and sensor installation.


• Sensor locations after tensioner installation on the DSL.

• Each tensioner has 3 os3155s 120 degrees apart in the axial direction.

• Each tensioner has 1 os3200 in the hoop direction to measure pressure.


Equipment Rack


• Acquisition rate is 10 Hz• X Axis represents approximately 2.41 minutes of data• Y Axis = Strain• Waveforms confirm a swell period of ~ 12.5 seconds

correlating to ships weather


Conclusion/Discussion• Sensors were installed in the Bosch Rexroth facility in Uden

Netherlands in September 2012.• System was commissioned in May 2013.• Sensors were damaged during transport and installation.• Sensor protection not robust enough.• Despite damage, enough survived to acquire loads on each

tensioner.• Redundancy in built-in system installation allows for sensor

recovery.• Real time calculations and display are within 5% of modeled

loads.


Discussion of an Instrumented BOP at West Tech


Overview• LRDIS has instrumented a BOP on site.• We are able to detect the pressure inside the BOP bonnet from a hoop

oriented strain sensor.• Also detect dimensional changes in the bonnet due from an axial mounted

strain sensor.• Allows us to infer correctly, pressure and operation –

• The position of the RAMS,• Fluid flow• Solenoid operation• Regulator operation• Choke and Kill Lines• Fail-safe Valves• Pre-charge on Subsea Accumulators• Etc.


BOP Pipe Ram Located at West Tech


Gage Locations

Hoop GagePressure

Axial GagePressure


Software Has Been Developed to Replay Data for BOP Operational Demonstration


Hoop gage responds During cylinderpressurization.

Axial gage responds after rams engage.

• Acquisition rate is 100 Hz• X Axis = Time• Y Axis = Strain


Expanded plot reveals a signature related to a clicking sound, from the bonnet, heard before rams engaged. More testing and analysis to determine source of signal response. This response appears to respond to the MPLs.

• Acquisition rate is 1000 Hz• Waveforms could confirm bad bearing, MLPs,

etc.?• Possible to count the threads in the piston rod?


Ideal System• Independent of the OEM equipment• Never needs calibration• Doesn’t require local power• Today subsea engineers rely on:

• Gallon count• Pressure feedback• Solenoid diagnostics

• Tells us strain, temperature, and pressure


Conclusion/Discussion• Sensors were installed in the West Tech facility on a Hydril

Pipe Ram.• Testing revealed pressure and mechanical elongation of the

bonnet.• Operational information of the BOP was realized.• Software has been developed to replay data acquired

during operation to demonstrate operation of the BOP.• More testing needed to baseline the BOP.• This includes installing more sensors on valves, solenoids,

accumulators and hydraulic lines.


Conclusion/Discussion• Future integration of the monitoring systems, with

asset management systems currently deployed or in development. These are:

• LRED BOP RiskWatcher and RiskSpectrum software for real time BOP risk assessment.

• LRED RIGSIGHT software for asset integrity monitoring and Integrated Operations Management (IOM).


Acknowledgments• Williams (End customer)

• Durham Geo Slope Indicator (DGSI)• Tel: 800-837-0864, email: [email protected], web:

www.durhamgeo.com• Micron Optics, Inc• Tel: 404-325-0005, email: [email protected], web:

www.micronoptics.com• University Of Minnesota

• Jeff Marr Tel (612) 624-4427, email: [email protected] • Sandia National Laboratories

• Jonathan White Tel (505) 284-5400, email: [email protected] • Transocean

• Aaron Barr Tel (713-232-7959), email: [email protected] • WEST Drilling Equipment Center

• (T) 281 375 5515

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.durhamgeo.com/


http://www.micronoptics.com/




Safety Driven Performance 2013

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