Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified...
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![Page 1: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Safer Skies• The Safer Skies
agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation accidents.
![Page 2: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Risk Management
• The Safer Skies program in general is about identifying risk issues and doing something about them.
![Page 3: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Aviation Weather
• 27% of all aviation accidents are weather-related, and that over 90% of all weather accidents were caused by pilot error, deficiencies in pilot judgment, and shortcomings having to do with any number of other problems of pilot origin
•27%
![Page 4: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Aviation Weather
• 27% of all aviation accidents are weather-related, and that over 90% of all weather accidents were caused by pilot error, deficiencies in pilot judgment, and shortcomings having to do with any number of other problems of pilot origin
• Over 90%
![Page 5: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Information Management
• A pilot needs to go beyond just knowing about weather;
![Page 6: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Information Management
• A pilot needs to know how to plan for it and deal with it in the course of a flight
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Pilot Responsibility
• It’s not weather that crashes airplanes . . . It’s pilots making bad decisions about weather
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PPP
• A simple way to apply the decision making process is the three P’s . . . Perceive, Process, Perform
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Dangerous Business
9087 general aviation accidents in an estimated 138
million flight hours.
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Dangerous Business
• 9087 general aviation accidents in an estimated 138 million flight hours
• one accident for every 1500 flight hours
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Dangerous Business
• 9087 general aviation accidents in an estimated 138 million flight hours.
• one accident for every 1500 flight hours
• Of these 9087 accidents, 1716 were fatal
![Page 12: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Dangerous Business
• 9087 general aviation accidents in an estimated 138 million flight hours.
• one accident for every 1500 flight hours
![Page 13: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Dangerous Business
• Of these 9087 accidents, 1716 were fatal
• resulting in 2976 deaths
• 27% of all G.A. accidents are weather related
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Dangerous Business
• 27% of all G.A. accidents are weather related
• 490 per year relate to weather
• 30% of weather accidents are fatal
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Dangerous Business
• 254 deaths per year that can be attributed to weather and pilots’ inability to cope with the conditions and the circumstances
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Solutions
• Knowledge• Training• Discipline
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Solutions
KNOWLEDGE
• Common Sense
• Education
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Solutions
KNOWLEDGE
• Common Sense
• Education
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Solutions
TRAINING• Initial Training
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Solutions
TRAINING• Initial Training• Additional Aircraft
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Solutions
TRAINING• Initial Training• Additional Aircraft• Additional Ratings
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Solutions
TRAINING• Initial Training• Additional Aircraft• Additional Ratings• Experience
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Solutions
TRAINING• Initial Training• Additional Aircraft• Additional Ratings• Experience• Competency
Checks
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Solutions
TRAINING• Initial Training• Additional Aircraft• Additional Ratings• Experience• Competency
Checks• Recurrent
Training
![Page 25: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Solutions
DISCIPLINE• Practice
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Solutions
DISCIPLINE• Practice• Currency
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Solutions
DISCIPLINE• Practice• Currency• Review
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Solutions
DISCIPLINE• Practice• Currency• Review• Commitment
![Page 29: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Weather Information
• Presentation
• Understanding
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Weather Sources
Official Sources
• NWS• FAA
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Weather Sources
Sources• DUATS• DTN• WSI• NWS• ARTCC• TWEB/AWOS/ASOS/ATIS
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Weather Sources
• NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
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Weather Sources
• NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
• AVIATION WEATHER CENTER
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Weather Sources
• NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
• AVIATION WEATHER CENTER
• NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION
![Page 35: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Weather Sources
• NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
• AVIATION WEATHER CENTER
• NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION
• FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION
![Page 36: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
What Do You Need?
LOCAL FLIGHTPLANNING
• Wind• Visibility• Developing
Weather
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What Do You Need?
BEYONDVICINITY
• Current information per FAR 91.103
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Weather Threats
• Turbulence• Convection
• Icing• Obstructions to Visibility
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Weather Threats
• Frontal Boundaries
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Weather Threats
Air Mass
![Page 41: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Weather Threats
Fronts
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Weather Threats
Fronts• Cold Front
• Unstable
• Warm Front• stable
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Weather Threats
Warm Frontal Region conducive to:
• Icing• Fog• Low level clouds• Rain/Mist
![Page 44: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Weather Threats
Icing• Moisture
• Temperatures between +2º Celsius and - 40º Celsius
![Page 45: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Weather Threats
Icing Options
• Turn Around• Ascend• Descend
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Weather Threats
Icing• Rime
• Clear
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Weather Threats
Icing
• Rime• Opaque• Milky Colored
![Page 48: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Weather Threats
Icing• Clear
• Less Opaque• Denser• Smoother• SLD
![Page 49: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Weather Threats
Clear Air Turbulence
• Hundreds of Miles Downwind
• Leeward of Mountains
![Page 50: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Weather Threats
Thunderstorms
• Cumulonimbus
• Unstable Air
![Page 51: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Weather Threats
Thunderstorms
• Growth
![Page 52: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Weather Threats
Thunderstorms
• Mature
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Weather Threats
Thunderstorms
• Dissipating
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Weather Threats
Microbursts• Sudden and
Intense Windstorms Preceding a Thunderstorm
![Page 55: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Weather Threats
Obscuration to Visibility
• Fog• Low Ceilings• Haze
![Page 56: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Weather Information
Pre-flight
• Newspaper• Radio• Internet• Telephone• Personal Briefing• Personal Observation
![Page 57: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Weather Information
In-flight• Personal Observation• ARTCC/ATC• Radio Contact with FSS• AWOS/ASOS/ATIS/TWEBs• VOR Voice Monitoring• FISDL Links
![Page 58: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Weather Information
Pre-flight
• DTN• WSI• DUATS• OTHERS
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Weather Information
Pre-flight
• Satellite View
![Page 60: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Weather Information
Pre-flight
• Radar View• Surface
Analysis
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Weather Information
Pre-flight
• Satellite View• Surface
Analysis• Winds Aloft
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Weather Information
Pre-flight
• Satellite View• Surface
Analysis• Winds Aloft• Regional Radar
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Weather Information
Pre-flight
• Satellite View• Surface Analysis• Winds Aloft• Regional Radar• FA
1038 AMD SYNOPSIS AND VFR CLDS/WX SYNOPSIS VALID UNTIL 140300 CLDS/WX VALID UNTIL 132100...OTLK
VALID 132100-140300 ME NH VT MA RI CT NY LO NJ PA OH LE
WV MD DC DE VA AND CSTL WTRS
OH LE..UPDT OVC010-020 LYRD FL250. VIS 3-5SM
SHRA/-SHRA BR. ERN HLF SCT -TSRA. CB TOP FL410. AFT 13Z VCNTY
LE NELY WND 20G30KT. OTLK...IFR CIG RA BR.
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Weather Information
Pre-flight
• Satellite View• Surface Analysis• Winds Aloft• Regional Radar• FA• METAR
Approximate Time: Thu, 27 Nov 2003 19:33:33 UTC
METARs for kvld kluk klex KLEX 271854Z 00000KT 2 1/2SM
-RA BR OVC016 09/09 A2995 RMK AO2
SLP141 P0002 T00940089 $= KLUK 271853Z 00000KT 5SM -
RA BR OVC006 09/08 A2996 RMK AO2 SLP145
P0003 T00890083= KVLD 271853Z 19010KT 10SM
BKN042 BKN049 26/17 A3008 RMK AO2 SLP194
T02610167=
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Weather Information
Pre-flight
• Satellite View• Surface Analysis• Winds Aloft• Regional Radar• FA• METAR• TAF
KLUK 271740Z 271818 19004KT 4SM -RA BR SCT006 OVC025
TEMPO 1819 2SM RA BR OVC006
FM1900 22005KT 5SM BR OVC010
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Weather Information
Pre-flight
• Satellite View
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Weather Information
Pre-flight
• Surface Analysis
• Surface Forecast
![Page 68: Safer Skies The Safer Skies agenda originated in 1998 when the Administrator and her team identified the most critical and most common causes for aviation.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1ad57f8b9ab059972ed3/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Weather Information
Pre-flight
• Wind and Temperature
• FD
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Weather Information
Pre-flight
• Regional Radar
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Weather Information
Pre-flight
• Area Forecast (FA)• Issued 3 times daily• 4 times in Hawaii • 18 hour synopsis
• 1038 AMD • SYNOPSIS AND VFR CLDS/WX • SYNOPSIS VALID UNTIL 140300 • CLDS/WX VALID UNTIL
132100...OTLK VALID 132100-140300
• ME NH VT MA RI CT NY LO NJ PA OH LE WV MD DC DE VA AND CSTL WTRS
• OH LE..UPDT • OVC010-020 LYRD FL250. VIS
3-5SM SHRA/-SHRA BR. ERN HLF SCT
• -TSRA. CB TOP FL410. AFT 13Z VCNTY LE NELY WND 20G30KT.
• OTLK...IFR CIG RA BR.
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Weather Information
FA
GASERN . . . BKN-OVC-015. TOPS O30. VIS 3-5 SM
BR. 16-17Z BKN 030. 18-20Z SCT-BKN040 BKN CI. OTLK . . . VFR
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Weather Information
Pre-flight• Aerodrome
Terminal Forecast (TAF)
• Issued 4 times daily • Valid for 24 hours
• KLUK 271740Z 271818 19004KT 4SM -RA BR SCT006 OVC025
• TEMPO 1819 2SM RA BR OVC006
• FM1900 22005KT 5SM BR OVC010
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Weather Information
TAFKLUK 271404Z 271412 16004KT 3SM – RA BR
SCTO25 OVC 045TEMPO 1416 1SM RA BR SCT015 OVC045
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Weather Information
Pre-flight
• METAR• Issued Hourly (at
least)
KLUK 271853Z 00000KT 5SM -RA BR OVC006 09/08 A2996 RMK AO2 SLP145
P0003 T00890083=
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Weather Information
METAR
KLUK 271604Z 00000KT 2SM RA BR FEW008 BKN024 0VC029 08/07 A3002 RMK A02 P0002=
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Weather Information
Pre-flight
AFSS• Outlook Briefing
• 6 hours or more in the future
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Weather Information
Pre-flight
AFSS• Standard Briefing
• If you have not received a previous briefing
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Weather Information
Pre-flight
AFSS• Abbreviated Briefing
• If you just need to supplement current information
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Weather Information
PIREPS In-flight• Flight Watch
122.0• Flight Service (on published
frequencies)
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Weather Information
In-flight• AWOS(Automatic Weather Observation System)• ASOS(Automatic Surface Observation System)• ATIS(Automatic Terminal Information System)• HIWAS(Hazardous Information Weather Advisory
System)• TWEB(Transcribed Weather Broadcast)• WEATHER ADVISORY BROADCASTS
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Weather Information
Aeronautical Information
Manual(AIM)
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Flight Planning
Visualization
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Weather Planning
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Weather Planning
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Flight Planning
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Flight Planning
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Flight Planning
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Flight Planning
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Flight Planning
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Flight Planning
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